chapter 7. additional studies · the hira worksheet is presented as below. eia r eport f or p...
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EIA REPORT
FOR PROPOSED MANUFACTURING OF TEXTILE AUXILIARIES
Page 149
Green Circle, Inc. M/s. Vinayak Industries.
CHAPTER 7. ADDITIONAL STUDIES
7.1. Risk Assessment
7.1.1. Objective of the Study
Accidental risk involves the occurrence or potential occurrence of some accident consisting of
an event or sequence of events resulting into fire, explosion or toxic hazards to human health
and environment.
The hazard potential and estimation of consequences in case of its accidental release are the
issues of immediate relevance to be considered. It is therefore, imperative to carry out
Maximum Credible Accident (MCA) analysis at the first stage, which identifies vulnerable areas
around the facility and suggests a set of recommendations to improve safety.
The work undertaken consists of the following stages:
Collection of relevant data on project description and proposed activities.
7.1.2. Hazard identification & Risk Assessment (HIRA)
The objective of HIRA study is to identify:
A. All reasonably foreseeable hazards that may cause a major accident; and
B. The kinds of major accidents that may occur, the likelihood of a major accident occurring
and the likely consequences of a major accident.
HIRA must address potentially rare events and situations that ensure the full range of major
accidents and their causes. To achieve this, employers should:
A. Identify and challenge assumptions and existing norms of design and operation to test
whether they may contain weaknesses;
B. Think beyond the immediate experience.
C. Recognise that existing controls and procedures cannot always be guaranteed to work
as expected; and learn lessons from similar organisations and businesses
In this section, effort has been made to identify all possible hazards. These hazards have
been studied further to know their possible consequences.
The various hazards have been discussed under this Chapter.
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Sr. No. Activities
1 Chemical storage and handling
2 Material unloading
3 Transferring of Material for dispatch
4 Weighing & Packing
The HIRA worksheet is presented as below.
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HIRA Worksheet:
Activity Hazards Consequences Intended Safeguards
1. Chemical storage
and handling
1.1. Dust/ flying debris
1.2. Chemical spillage
1.3. Fumes generation
1.4. Inadequate
illumination
1.5. Ergonomically
hazards
1.1.1 Health hazards/ eye irritation
1.1.2 Skin injury/ health hazard
1.1.3 Respiratory problems
1.1.4 Eye stress, headache
1.1.1.1 Safe work procedures will be followed.
1.1.1.2 Safe loading and unloading procedures
will be followed.
1.1.1.3 Trained and competent personnel will be
employed
1.1.1.4 Refreshers training at regular intervals will
be carried out.
1.1.1.5 Provision for adequate ventilation shall be
provided.
2. Material unloading
2.1. Flying debris
2.2. Dust exposure
2.3. Static charge
generation
2.4. Chemical spillage
2.5. Fumes generation
2.1.1. Health hazards/ eye irritation
2.1.2. Dust Explosion
2.1.3. Fire & Explosion
2.1.4. Skin injury
2.1.4.1. Safe work procedures will be followed.
2.1.4.2. Safe loading and unloading procedures
will be followed.
2.1.4.3. Provision for eye wash and safety shower
will be provided.
2.1.4.4. Trained and competent personnel will be
employed
2.1.4.5. Refreshers training at regular intervals will
be carried out.
2.1.4.6. Equipment will be properly earth.
2.1.4.7. Adequate PPEs will be provided and
training for the use of PPEs will be
imparted.
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Activity Hazards Consequences Intended Safeguards
2.1.4.8. Provision for adequate ventilation shall be
provided.
2.1.4.9. Electrical fittings as per hazardous are
classification will be considered.
3. Transferring of
Material for
dispatch
3.1. Chemical spillage
3.2. Static charge
generation
3.3. Ergonomically
hazard
3.4. Fumes generation
2.1.1. Cutting/ injury to personnel
2.1.2. Fire & Explosion
2.1.3. Inhalation issues, lung problems
2.1.3.1. Safe work procedures will be prepared
and followed
2.1.3.2. Adequate PPEs will be provided and
training for the use of PPEs will be
imparted
2.1.3.3. Trained and competent personnel will be
employed
3. Weighing &
Packing
3.1. Dust/ fine powder
exposure
3.2. Splash/ overflow
from hopper
3.3. Ergonomic hazards
3.4. Illumination hazard
3.1.1. Health hazard
3.1.2. Skin injury
3.1.3. Eye strain & stress/ eye irritation/
serious eye injury
3.1.1.1 Provision for dust extraction arrangement
for packing machines considered.
3.1.1.2 Proper means of ventilation/ exhaust
facility will be provided
3.1.1.3 Standard PPEs will be provided and
training for the use of PPEs will be imparted
3.1.1.4 Safety shower & eye wash arrangement
will be provided
3.1.1.5 Standard work cycle procedures will be
followed
3.1.1.6 Trained and competent personnel will be
employed
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Activity Hazards Consequences Intended Safeguards
3.1.1.7 Proper arrangement for lighting will be
ensured
Conclusion
The Risk assessment study conducted for all the operations involved in the project. The study considers all the hazards associated with all
the activities which will be involved. The hazards leading to possible consequences are summarised in the worksheet and the risk
mitigation measures and intended safeguards are specifically mentioned in the worksheet. The risk to personnel, process/operation is
considered in the study.
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7.2. Disaster Management Plan
7.2.1. Introduction to Disaster Management Plan
The various controls including engineering, procedural and administrative are provided to
control the manufacturing activities at the industries; however things may go wrong even with
the best arrangements. The Disaster Management Plan is prepared to control and minimize the
effect of any emergency which may occur within the industrial premises affecting the employees
or the people in the surrounding; it may also affect the environment.
The disaster/emergency may arise as a natural calamity such as Floods, Earthquakes, etc. or
may be a Man-Made Disaster such as a Leakage/Spillage of Hazardous Chemicals/Gases or
Fire and Explosion.
A Disaster Management Plan is an action plan drawn to fix responsibility and actions to be
taken by various groups to contain the disaster/emergency incident within shortest possible time
and with minimum losses to people, material, property and environment.
It is the responsibility of the establishment/industry that the disaster/emergency plan is widely
circulated for benefit / training of all the employees within the premises and the individuals
residing in the surrounding areas of the premises. It is the responsibility of all the individuals in
their respective areas to ensure the success of this plan.
7.2.1.1 Objective
The main objectives of preparing the Disaster Management Plan are:
1. To define and assess emergencies, including risk and environmental impact
assessment.
2. To establish the procedures to handle emergency situation that may arise due to spillage
and fire while handling plant & equipment.
3. To control and contain incidents within shortest possible time and to restore normalcy.
4. To safeguard employees and people in vicinity and to minimize damage/loss to property
or/and the environment.
5. To inform employees, the general public and the authority about the hazards/risks
assessed, safeguards provided, residual risk if any and the role to be played by them in
the event of emergency.
6. To be ready for 'mutual aid' if need is arise to help neighbouring unit. Normal jurisdiction
of an OEP is the own premises only, but looking to the time factor in arriving the external
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help or off-site plan agency; the jurisdiction must be extended outside to the extent
possible in case of emergency occurring outside.
7. To establish procedures to appraise District Administration / Civil authorities/ and mutual
aid centres etc. in order to ensure prompt relief for execution of Emergency Response
Plan.
8. To secure the safe rehabilitation of affected areas and to restore normalcy.
9. To provide authoritative information to the news media.
10. To preserve records, equipments etc., and to organize investigation into the cause of the
emergency and preventive measures to stop its recurrence.
11. To ensure safety of the works before personnel re-enter and resume work.
12. To work out a plan with all provisions to handle emergencies and to provide for
emergency preparedness and the periodical rehearsal of the plan.
7.2.1.2 Definition and scope
An emergency could be defined as any situation which presents a threat to safety of
persons or/and property. It may require outside help also.
A major emergency occurring at a work is one which may affect one or several sections of
the plant and possibly extend beyond the factory boundaries that may cause serious
injuries, loss of life, and extensive damage to property or serious disruption outside the
works. It will require the use of outside resources to handle it effectively.
Disaster is a catastrophic situation in which the day-to-day patterns of life are, in many
instances, suddenly disrupted and people are plunged into helplessness and suffering and
as a result need protection, clothing, shelter, medical and social care and other necessities
of life, such as –
(1) Disasters resulting from natural phenomena like earthquakes volcanic eruptions, storm,
surges, cyclones, tropical storms, floods, landslides, forest fires and massive insect
infestation. Also in this group, violent drought which will cause a creeping disaster
landing to famine, disease and death must be included.
(2) Second group includes disastrous events occasioned by man, or by man's impact upon
the environment, such as armed conflict, industrial accidents, factory fires, explosions
and escape of toxic gases or chemical substances, river pollution, mining or other
structural collapses; air, sea, rail and road transport accidents, aircraft crashes,
collisions of vehicles carrying inflammable liquids, oil spills at sea, and dam failures.
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(3) The on-site emergency plan deals with measures to prevent and control emergencies
within the factory and not affecting outside public or environment.
(4) The off-site emergency plan will deal with measures to prevent and control
emergencies affecting public and the environment outside the premises. The
manufacturer should provide the necessary information on the nature, extent and likely
effects of such incidents.
7.2.1.3 Scope
The M/s. Vinayak Industries has prepared Disaster Management Plan in order to provide
proper guidance to plant operating personnel to confidently handle any accidental spillage
or fire / explosion / bursting of vessel/tank or any natural calamity or sabotage.
With this objective comprehensive information has been gathered and analyzed on the
textile handling plant and equipment which includes the hazardous properties of
materials/chemicals, fire hazards, safety appliances, safety measures incorporated in the
plant, emergency procedures and finally regarding the constitution & responsibility of
Emergency Rescue Team (Emergency Response & Management Team / Task Force).
The potential hazards which may cause emergency includes:
Chemical Fire / Explosion in the plant or storage area
Electrical Fire in the plant or storage area.
Accidental spillages and leakages during handling of material and plant / equipment
failure causing severe health hazard due to employees exposure to the hazardous
substances.
7.2.1.4 Methodology
A major emergency occurring at a plant is one that may cause serious injuries, loss of life,
extensive damage to property or environment or serious disruption inside or outside the plants.
This may demand the rescue and relief measures on a war footing to handle it effectively and
quickly. Within the high-risk technology industries, the need for well-planned measures should
be self-evident.
No matter how well a process is controlled and safeguarded by instruments and process safety
procedures, it is inevitable that there is a residual risk, which is capable of causing a variety of
emergencies.
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The Disaster Management Plan describes the Organization & procedures for dealing with
potential accidents arising from the operations of M/s. Vinayak Industries.
Experiences of accidents that have occurred in various other similar plants were considered
in the preparation of DMP especially storing & handling the materials identical to this plant.
This plan will need periodic review & modification following emergency exercise, or include
any new information relating to changes to the facilities.
The Factories Act, 1948 as amended in the year 1987 under section 41B requires that every
occupier shall draw up a Disaster Management Plan and detailed disaster control measures for
his plant and make them know to the employees and to the general public living in the vicinity of
the plant.
Its objective is to reduce the severity of loss following particular hazardous incidents. At the
same time, must be clearly understood that it is not a substitute for maintaining good standards
for working consistence with the requirements of safety and health inside the plants.
7.2.1.5 Level of disasters
The Guidelines (NDMA Guidelines) categorize the levels of disasters into L0, L1, L2, & L3
based on the ability of various authorities to deal with them. In short, in order to facilitate the
responses and assistances to States and Districts, the levels of disasters have been defined as
follows.
1. L0 level denotes normal times which will be utilized for close monitoring, documentation,
prevention and preparatory activities. Training on search and rescue, rehearsals,
evaluation and inventory updation for response activities will be carried out during this
time.
2. L1 level specifies disaster that can be managed at the District level, however, the State
and Centre will remain in readiness to provide assistance if needed.
3. L2 level disaster situations are those which require assistance and participation of State,
mobilization of its resources for management of resources.
4. L3 level disaster situation is in case of large scale disaster where the State and District
authorities have been overwhelmed and require assistance from the Central
Government for reinstating the State and District machinery as well as for rescue, relief,
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other response and recovery measures. In most cases, the scale and intensity of the
disaster as determined by the concerned technical agencies like Indian meteorological
department (IMD)/ Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) are
sufficient for the declaration of L3 disaster.
7.2.1.6 Information on risk evaluation preliminary hazard analysis
This Plan is needed to respond to a variety of emergencies / disasters:
i) Disasters due to emergency on account of:
a. Fire or explosion
b. Electrical fire
c. Spillage and Leakages
a. Fire or explosion: The organization is storing &handlingflammable chemicalswhich
can ignite if exposed to source of heat / ignition. The various sources of heat /
ignition include hot work, mechanical frictions, naked flames, static electricity, hot
surfaces etc.
b. Electrical Fire: The Electrical fire may be caused due to generation of static charge
during charging of materials. The other reasons for fire include use of faulty or
inappropriate electrical equipment, transformers, DG sets etc. Also dry grass is
normally avoided in the premises and it will be ensured that there is no grass (dry) at
any point of time by ensuring better housekeeping.
c. Spillages and Leakages: During handling of material and plant / equipment failure
causing severe health hazard due to employees exposure to the hazardous
substances. Spillages and leakages of flammable substances may also lead to fire.
ii) Disaster due to natural calamities such as:
a. Flood
b. Earth quake
c. Heat wave
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a. Flood:
The nearest water body from the facility are Sabarmati River (approx. 14 km). The
heavy rainfall and water released from the Sabarmati River may increase water level
in the river bed creating flood situation.
b. Earth quake:
It is found that the district falls in the seismic zone III.
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c. Heat wave:
The Ahmedabad region experienced the heat wave in the past history. Also it was
observed that the Ahmedabad Divisions comes under vulnerable area.
d. Cyclone:
Ahmedabad yet not faces any major cyclone but it came in cyclone prone area.
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iii) Disaster due to external factors:
a. Sabotage, Civil Riots or War, Terrorism: No solution can be offered to eliminate
either terrorist threats or planted bombs, but one can be well or badly prepared to
cope with them when such incidents happen. It is essential for organizations to
design and implement both good physical security and a comprehensive bomb
threat response plan.
The action plan responding to an emergency situation depends very much on the level
of the emergency which, itself is defined by the consequences arising from the types of
hazard identified.
7.2.2. Disaster preparedness
This section highlights the Organization for disaster preparedness. For an industry storing /
handling flammable substances, it is essential to prepare a good effective disaster plan to
control On Site – Off Site emergencies and to mitigate losses. The disaster management
plan (emergency response plan) ensures that all available resources, facilities etc., are
enforced into services at right time to tackle an emergency.
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It is not possible to envisage and detail every action which should be taken in emergency
and to harness the basic elements of emergency preparedness such as Gravity of
emergency, Communication of information, on-site action for process and emergency
controls, Mobilization of internal and external resources for fire and spillage etc.
Emergency Organization is set up specifying duties and responsibilities of all to make best
use of all resources and to avoid confusion while tackling the emergency.
Disaster Management Plan / On-Site Emergency Plan (Emergency Response Plan)
highlights the flow of information and co-operation among various action groups within the
factory. Off-site Emergency Plan indicates various action groups at district levels which will
be engaged in case of off-site emergency.
Emergency organization and arrangement include:
7.2.3. Emergency Organization
This section is devised to suggest the organization for emergency preparedness. Key personnel
to combat emergency are nominated with specific responsibilities according to set procedures
and making best use of the resources available and to avoid confusion. Such key personnel
include Site Main Controller, Incident Controller; Services Coordination includes Fire & Safety,
Security, Engineering Services (Maintenance), Environment, Lab (QC/QA), HR & Admin,
Account & Finance, Store & purchase and Process.
All such key personnel (Figure 2.5: Plant Layout & Figure: 7.1) shall be available in all the
office timings and shall be called during emergency on holidays.
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Figure 7.1 Emergency management chart
EMERGENCY MANAGEMENTCHART
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7.2.4. Safe Assembly Points
Assembly Point will be provided at the green belt area. The safe assembly points are
selected considering the distance from the hazardous/flammable storage, wind direction,
capacity to accommodate the required number of people and availability of other resources
in that area.
In case of emergency, it will be necessary to evacuate all personnel from effected area,
except personnel who will be directly involved in dealing with the incident. On evacuation
people will go to designated assembly points.
7.2.5. Emergency warning system
A siren audible in all parts of the facility, to warn the people for the evacuation with different
sounds for declaration of emergency or emergency call off will be provided along associated
with manual call point are provided at prominent locations. Warning system will always be
kept in working order.
The mode of siren for evacuation is wailing pitch. On hearing the siren, people will disperse
from the work area and will evacuate to safe assembly points. Proper instruction will be
given to all the employees about the rising of siren and the emergencies. The same
instructions will also be displayed at prominent places within the plant area.
The employees will proceed to the predetermined assembly points on hearing the siren and
the support staff / security forces will instruct and divert the people away from the affected
area towards the assembly points.
7.2.6. Medical Services and First Aid
M/s. Vinayak Industries has not provided Occupational and Health Centre at the facility but
has services of visiting doctor.
The First aid team will play critical role in attending the victims in case of any accident.
First Aid boxes will be provided at prominent locations & trained first-aider will be available
in all working shifts. The list of trained first aiders will be displayed at prominent locations
and is also available at security gate office.
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In case of any medical assistance other than first aid, the Admin In-charge/ Site- SHE
representative will arrange for a vehicle to shift the casualty to the company accredited
hospital, or call an ambulance to mobilize the casualty to the medical center/ hospital.
List of first aid medicine is given as below:
S. No. Name of the Medicines When to use medicine
1 Antacid Tablet Chew a tablet in case of Acidity.
2 Anacin Swallow a tablet in case of headache, cold,
fewer & body pain due to cold.
3 Band aids Apply on small wounds / cuts.
4 Bruno Apply on burnt part of body.
5 Cotton band aid To bandage wounds
6 Cotton wool For cleaning & bandaging wounds / eyes.
7 Crocin Tab. In case of fever need to be swallowed.
8 Dettol Solution As anti-bacterial cleaning agent on wounds.
9 Eucalyptus Oil In case of cold& swellings / muscles.
10 Eye drop/rose water In-case of irritation in eyes.
11 Flagyl Swallow a tablet in case of Diarrhea.
12 Iodex ointment Apply gently painful swelling /muscles.
13 Lomofen tablet Swallow a tablet in case of loose motion.
14 Merbromin red solution For wound external use only.
15 Petroleum jelly / Apana Apply on skin for oily& smoothness.
16 Plaster Tape Bandage wounds.
17 Soframycin cream Apply on wounds. External use only.
18 Vicks Vapor rub In case of headache during cold.
7.2.7. Transport and Evacuation Arrangement
In a major emergency, it is essential to evacuate personnel from affected areas and to
further evacuate non-essential workers from areas likely to be affected, should the
emergency escalate.
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7.2.8. Communication and help from external emergencies services
Communication is a critical factor in handling an emergency. To control the situation by the
earliest possible action. 1 Direct Line with list of emergency contact numbers will be
provided at emergency control center as well as at security gate.
The external emergency services which can be contacted for help during emergency
include:
Sr. NO. Services/Authorities Telephone no.
1 District Collector (DC) +91 79 2756197/71/72/73/74/75/76/77
+91 79 27551681
2 Control Room Ahmedabad +91 79 25630200
3 Police Station, Bavla +91 2714 232100
4 Fire Brigade Station, Bavla +91 101+91 79 27910203
5 Global Hospital +91 79 27910203, +91 79 30495900
The above emergency services telephone numbers are displayed at emergency control
room and prominent locations within the plant.
7.2.9. Other arrangement
7.2.9.1 Power Supply Interruption
For Emergency, Plant Operations and Emergency Lighting provisions will be made
according to requirements. DG set of 125 KVA capacities will be provided as backup.
7.2.9.2 Electrical Supply
Electricity is considered as a major cause of fire in industries. To prevent fires due to
electricity, adequate control measures will be provided which includes regular inspections
and preventive maintenance. To prevent other electrical accidents such as electric shock
etc. the adequate safety precautions will be implemented including provision of Fuse, MCB,
ELCB, rubber mats in front of panels, proper laying of cables, etc.
7.2.9.3 Trade Waste Disposal
Organization will be more concerned for environment protection and pollution abatement at
all times.
Provision will be made to dispose Solid wastes. The company will dispose of all solid waste
in safe manner.
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7.2.9.4 Emergency Action
Though it will be an impractical to describe all the foreseeable scenarios involving
flammable/combustible materials and the suggested action for the same, some important
ones are discussed here briefly. Even in identical incidents the right course of action may
not necessarily be the same every time as the actual action will depend on the several
factors, such as the place of incident, quantity of material involved, the amount of release,
the nature of material, the wind direction, the wind velocity, temperature of surrounding, time
of day, prevailing season and weather condition.
7.2.9.4.1 In case of Fire
In case of declaration of onsite emergency (Hearing of emergency siren), evacuate the area
as per evacuation plan & exit signs on instruction of shift in-charge / incident controller as
quickly as possible after safe shutdown of the plant. See that the wind direction is in
opposite direction of assembly point by wind direction indicator. If not, change the assembly
point.
Following are the general guideline for emergency action.
Raise the alarm through nearest MCP
Inform security and shift in charge.
Carry nearest fire extinguisher & try to extinguish if possible.
Assemble emergency team and inform other emergency members.
Check the wind direction, then decide the assembly point and inform accordingly.
Warn the people nearby.
Attempt to isolate /extinguish the fire with the help of others with available
appropriate extinguishers.
Arrange fire hydrant hose and try to cool surrounding
Cordon the area and try to shift the drum of flammable material.
Used foam generating nozzle and create foam to extinguish fire.
If fire beyond control call fire brigade after consultation with chief controller.
Cool the surrounding or remove flammable material if possible.
Take head count at site and inform to the chief controller.
Also take head count at the assembly point and tally.
Search for missing person if any.
Call for mutual aid members for help, if require Arrange for rescue, if required.
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Give first aid to the injured person and check for further treatment is required.
Give priority to saving life and preventing further injuries.
Confirm the massage of incident attend to the main controller & raise the all clear
siren.
Collect the photograph and other evidence to cause fine.
7.2.9.4.2 In Case of spillage of chemicals/materials while unloading & loading activity Tankers/Tanks inside the factory premises:
Special instruments for storing, Handling & emergency actions in case of spillage of
chemicals/materials are given separately in MSDS.
Following are the general guideline for action:
Use PPE’s like SCBA/Gas mask/Respirator & evacuate the area.
Designated area will be provided for tanker parking.
In case of declaration of onsite emergency (Hearing of emergency siren), evacuate the area
as per evacuation plan & exit signs on instruction of shift in-charge / incident Controller as
quickly as possible after safe shut down of the plant. See that the wind direction is in
opposite direction of assembly point by wind direction indicator. If not, change the assembly
point.
7.2.9.5 In case of Flood / Earthquake:
In case of natural calamity like flood, Storm or earth quake (remote possibility) the
management may seek outside help. The help may be for firefighting, Evacuation (of
surrounding population), Medical treatment, shelter, food, transport or communications.
Following are the general guideline for emergency action:
Close main valve
Switch off electricity (main).
Assemble outside the office, away from Electric Poles & Wires.
Evacuate the areas after initiating (communication in working condition) off site
organization.
7.2.9.6 In case of War/Civil riots:
Following are the general guideline for emergency action:
Intimate nearest police station & stimulate off site emergency plan
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Stop unloading / loading operations (if any)
Intimate civil defense dept. about the situation
Security persons shall protect & control law & order.
7.2.9.7 General action plan
All personnel handling the emergency should wear PVC suit / alkali suit, gumboot,
PVC hand gloves, PVC goggles.
Isolate the sources of supply.
Cordon off the area.
Avoid the entry of unnecessary people.
Start barricading the area with sand / earth.
Flush the affected body parts with plenty of water and seek medical help.
7.2.9.8 Evacuation Plan
On hearing the siren all employees shall evacuate the area by safely closing down all
operation as per instructions from their Incident Controller or in nighttime Shift supervisor.
After gathering at assembly points, shift-in-charge should take the roll call & ensure that no
person is left trapped.
The Rescue Coordinator or Guard (who is inside the plant for duty) shall ensure that none is
trapped inside the plant. Security guards shall ensure total evacuation.
Main gate will be used for movement of personnel, movement of rescue, medical aid.
7.2.9.9 Traffic Control
The Security In-charge or Guard shall contact Service Coordinator and shall make himself
available at main gate for traffic control till local authorities help is available.
Unwanted traffic and public gathering shall be controlled & avoided by security personnel till
local help from police is available.
7.2.9.10 Public Relations
Inevitably a major incident will attract the attention of the press, television and radio services
and anxious inquiries from friends and relatives will be flooding the factory. It is essential to
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make arrangements for authoritative release of information to them. SMC/IC who is familiar
with procedures of dealing with such situations, shall take charge of public Relations,
information etc. He will be the sole authoritative source of information to the news media
and others.
7.2.9.11 Declaration of cessation of emergency
Only the Main Site Controller in consultation with Incident Controller and The Service
coordinator (Emergency Fire, Rescue & Security Co-coordinator etc.) will declare the
cessation of emergency ensuring that all the spillage are arrested or fires are extinguished
and there is no risk of re-ignition (in case of fire).
In the case of gas, the all clear will be declared only when the source of emission has been
effectively isolated and gas clouds dispersed well below safe level.
Even when the all clear Signal has been given, great care is needed while entering affected
areas and no work in connection with salvage, collection of evidence should be commenced
until a thorough examination of the area has been carried out.
The siren code will follow for declaring the cessation of an emergency.
All clear signed shall be given by SMC / Incident Controller.
7.2.9.12 Plan appraisal and updating
The Onsite Emergency Plan Mock drills will be conducted for the appraisal and updating the
Onsite Emergency Plan.
The Onsite Emergency Plan Mock drills will review the adequacy and effectiveness of the
arrangements made / provided for emergency planning and will cover:
Awareness and promptness of action taken by the employees.
The adequacy of evacuation routes and safe assembly points.
The adequacy of fire fighting system and equipment.
The adequacy of leak / spillage control system and equipment.
The adequacy of transport and medical arrangements.
The adequacy of personal protective equipment and safety equipment etc.
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Any inadequacy observed during the mock drill will be corrected and incorporated, the
Onsite Emergency Plan will be updated and any changes made in the Onsite Emergency
Plan will be made known to all.
7.2.9.13 Safety and mitigating measures
Safety is major consideration for M/s. Vinayak Industries and the industry is committed to
mitigate the risk. Important mitigating measures will be provided to contain and control the
emergency are outlined below:-
7.2.9.14 Fire Prevention and Protection measures
Fire is the major risk at M/s. Vinayak Industries because of storage handling and use of
flammable substances within the premises as raw material and products. Adequate control
measures will be provided to detect and fight fires. The major firefighting arrangements
provided includes
Emergency siren system and outside communication system provision will be made
available.
Firefighting Arrangement: Fire Extinguishers, Foam type, Dry Chemical Powder Type,
Water sprinkler system and sand bucket will be installed at various locations in the
premises.
The nearest fire brigade station is Fire Brigade Station. Approx. 9.5 km north.
The plant will be equipped with a comprehensive fire protection system. Following facilities
will be provided for the fire protection:-
Fire Hydrant System
Portable Fire Extinguishers
7.2.9.15 Equipments and Process safety
M/s. Vinayak Industries will comply the statutory requirements and provide safety measures.
The following points to be considered:
Guard shall be provided on moving parts of machineries.
Adequate ventilation or other engineering controls shall be provided to keep the
airborne contaminants below their respective threshold limit value.
Lifting tools, tackles and machines and pressure systems will be tested and
examined as per statutory requirement.
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Proper earthling and bonding shall be provided etc.
7.2.9.16 Post emergency planning
All evidences should be collected and accident should be investigated.
Before restart up of the activities, assess the situation and ensure that it is safe to
restart the plant activities.
Re-start the plant in the standard sequence.
7.3. Health, Safety and Environmental Protection
The policy of the company is to manufacture, handle and dispose of all substances safely
and without creating unacceptable risk to human health or the environment.'
Company is committed to complete safety and accident prevention policies for ensuring the
elimination of risk, accidents by conscientious involvement in Safety and Health
Programmed. The industry will;
Establishment and maintain programmes to ensure that laws and regulations
applicable to its products and operations are known as obeyed.
Develop its own standards where laws or regulations may not be adequately
protective and adopt, where necessary, its own standard where laws do not exists.
Stop manufacturing any product or any operation if hazards of the same, to the
human beings and environment are unacceptable.
Each and every employee is expected to adhere to the spirit as well as letters of
company policy.
Any hazards, adverse situation or environmental risk which comes to their attention
should be promptly reported for the corrective measures.
Safety has been accepted as complete and separate functions like other functions
such as production, maintenance, marketing, etc.
Auditing is necessary for an effective health and safety programmes, and periodical
auditing will be carried out.
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We believe safety is a team work and each and every employee of the company is
responsible and accountable for the safety.
7.3.1. Employee responsibility
Follow the policy and applicable laws and regulation to protect your own health and
safety as well as that of other workers, the public and the environment.
Present ideas that support the goals of policy.
Promptly report concerns about possible violation of this policy to the persons listed
or to your manager.
7.3.2. Managers responsible for a facility, activity, product or service will:
Communicate responsibility with employees, communities, customers and
government agencies regarding environmental health and safety issue.
Cooperate with the public, government and other interested parties to develop
appropriate regulatory and public policies that protect employee and public health
and the environment.
Implement effective programs, training and best practices for health, safety and
environment protection and for the elimination or reasonable reduction of materials.
Regularly assess plant operations & management. Establish measurements to
ensure compliance with this policy and applicable laws & regulations, when
appropriate; review assessment results with environmental programs.
Ensure that an employee with EHS responsibilities is appropriately screened before
appointment and that continued appropriateness for their position is periodically
reviewed.
Develop appropriate program for safety reviews of new and redesigned products
prior to sale and distribution to customers. Monitor after-sale safety performance to
identify and address significant product safety issues.
Work cooperatively with, contractors, business partners & suppliers to ensure that
our relationships with them are supportive of this policy.
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Promptly report to medical Services, Environmental Program & your assigned legal
counsel any,
Emergency evacuation, communicable disease or other serious health indent.
Work related employee facilities & other serious safety incidents requiring a report to
a governmental agency.
Information regarding a report to a governmental agency or any governmental
allegations of substantial violations of environmental laws or regulations.
Legal proceedings alleging significant property damage or personal injury from
environmental contamination or exposure to dust/chemical fumes & other
information requested by medical services or Environmental programs.
7.3.3. Training and rehearsing
All employees should know the details of Disaster Management plan and they must receive
initial training in emergency procedures. At suitable intervals this knowledge must be
exercised and the basic plan reviewed and brought up-to-date. It is essential to establish the
necessary confident volunteers and better expertise, so the individuals can carry out their
allocated duties. Rehearsal of evacuation should be regularly carried out efficiently and
should cause minimum disruption to the normal activities. As per GFR, Mock Drill should be
conducted six monthly.
An after-mock drill report may be prepared detailing the lacunas & strong points so as to
make improvements in the emergency action plan.
7.3.4. Do’s & Don’ts of preventive maintenance, strengthening of HSE, mfg utility staff for safety related measures
Sr. No. Do’s Don’ts
Transfer and Handling of Hazardous Chemicals.
1 Use spill kit while removing the
spillage.
Do not wash off the spilled chemical to open
drain.
2
Use transfer pumps or nitrogen air
pressure for unloading and transfer
of chemicals.
Do not try to attempt to transfer the material
manually.
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Sr. No. Do’s Don’ts
3
Avoid dust generation while
charging the solid chemicals and
powder in the reactor.
Avoid inhalation of dust of
chemicals while charging the
chemicals manually in the vessel or
reactor.
Never charge the chemical in the reactor without
use of face mask and goggles.
4
Keep the chemical containers tightly
closed and in a cool, well ventilated
area.
Keep away chemical drums and
containers from sources of heat.
Never keep the chemical drums in direct sun or
near any equipment where they can get heated.
5
Use secondary containment while
unloading and loading the chemical
from and to the drum.
Do not spill the chemical on the ground.
6
See that the reactor is properly
cleaned before charging the
chemicals.
Do not Keep the agitator of the reactor on before
and during charging of the reactor.
7
Study the MSDS of the chemical
being handled. Know the
incompatible chemicals.
Never store the incompatible materials together.
It is dangerous.
8
Ensure electrical continuity of
reactor, equipment & pipeline to
ensure static electricity is not
accumulated. Also ensure that they
are grounded properly.
Do not smoke, eat or drink in areas where
flammable & hazardous chemicals are stored or
handled.
Check continuity of earthing strips and earth
resistance once in six months .
9 Eat food only in the specified area . Do not eat food without washing your hands with
soap and water
10 Mix corrosives or solvents slowly Don’t ever sniff or taste a chemical to identify it.
11 Always add acids to water, not
water to acids.
Don’t wear contact lenses- they can absorb or
trap chemicals in your eyes.
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Sr. No. Do’s Don’ts
11
Use the right personal protective
equipment, such as goggles, safety
gloves with each chemical.
Don’t put your finger or hands into corrosives or
solvents.
12
Make sure your personal protective
equipment fits right and that you
know how to use it.
Don’t use a chemical if you don’t know what it is
and the hazards of the chemical.
13 Use the right respirator cartridge for
the chemical.
Don’t skip safety precautions to get the job done
faster.
14 Wash your hands well before
eating, drinking or leaving work.
Don't touch any unknown chemical with bare
hand, smell or taste.
15
Use proper ventilation such as fans
and exhaust hoods or eco
Ventilators to keep the
concentration of dangerous
chemicals below its TLV.
Don't mix oxidizing agents with flammable/
combustible substances.
16 Know emergency first aid
procedures from MSDS.
Do not allow any source of ignition nearby
during handling of flammable or hazardous
chemical.
17
Avoid inhalation of toxic chemical
and handle them within chemical
hood.
Don't add water to concentrated acid.
18 Use explosion-proof electrical/
ventilating/ lighting equipment.
Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapour/spray
of any chemical.
19 Ensure that non compatible
chemicals are not stored together.
Do not store oxidizers on wood shelves. A leak
could start a fire.
20
Provide proper training to
employees and keep them informed
about MSDS.
Keep a hard copy of MSDS ready
for reference all the time
Never dip your hand into a chemical even if you
are wearing gloves
21 Make sure that the container is Do not dispose of tank or reactor sludge on the
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Sr. No. Do’s Don’ts
properly closed or fitted tightly. ground as it is hazardous.
22
Use only outdoors or in a well-
ventilated area for the storage of
hazardous chemicals.
Avoid release the pollutant or waste to
environment.
23 Regularly Check the tank level Do not over fill the tank.
24 Maintain the level of the tank below
80 % of its maximum capacity
Do not unload any material in the tank if there is
not sufficient space in the tank.
25 Keep the surrounding area of the
tank free from any obstacle.
Do not keep any material or equipments inside
the dyke wall area.
26 Keep the drain valve of the dyke
always closed.
Do not keep the Pip hole or dip hole of the tank
open.
27 Keep the dyke drain pit always
clean.
Never carry out any maintenance work without
valid work permit.
28
Do the regular thickness testing of
the storage tank walls and roof.
Do not use the ordinary oil paint for painting the
structure and storage tanks. Always use
corrosion proof paint.
29 Do the earth pit resistance testing of
the tank form once in three months.
Do not use the earth pit strips as neutral while
carrying out welding.
30
Always drain water from the bottom
of the tank ( for tanks containing
petroleum products)
Do not allow the drain water to get accumulated
inside the dyke of the storage tank
31 Cut the grass inside the dyke wall
regularly to avoid the risk of fire Do not allow the grass to grow inside the dyke.
32
The dyke wall and dyke floor of
hazardous acid tank should be lined
with corrosion resistance (acid
proof) bricks.
Do not damage the lining of the dyke wall or
flooring of the hazardous acid storage tanks.
33
Keep all the drums containing
hazardous chemicals are in covered
shade or at a lower temperatures as
specified by supplier.
Do not store chemical containers (empty or full)
at a height more than three feet above floor
level.
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Sr. No. Do’s Don’ts
34
Connect the containers to earth by
a conducting wire so as to avoid
spark discharge due to static charge
while loading or unloading the drum.
Protect the earthling pipe from the corrosion.
Due to chemical effect it corroded fast. So life of
the earth pipe is reduced.
35
Label all storage drums properly
and ensure they are legible and
visible.
Do not use the empty drums for storage of any
other chemical .
General Do’s and Don’ts for chemical Industry.
36 Inspect storage areas frequently at
regular intervals. Never grind explosive substances.
37
Keep all the drums containing
hazardous chemicals in covered
shade or at lower temperatures as
specified by supplier.
Do not handle hazardous chemicals without
glows & face masks.
38
Keep the work area well-ventilated,
or work under local exhaust
ventilation. Increase the ventilation
by mechanical means if necessary.
Don’t store chemicals in a sink or fume hood,
except for certain toxic gases that are so
dangerous they can only be stored in a gas
cabinet.
39
Use proper filters to absorb dust or
suspended particles effectively. Use
electrostatic filters if required.
Don’t store chemicals on open ground or grass,
near a creek or storm drain entrance, where
they could contaminate the environment.
40
Keep Hygroscopic chemicals in a
dry environment.
Do not inter-change the bottle caps. Put the
same cap back on the bottle making sure that it
is tight.
41
Keep emergency equipment such
as fire extinguishers, safety shower,
and first aid box handy and in good
working condition.
Check the condition of Fire
extinguishers , safety& eyewash
shower and first aid box regularly
Do not put used absorbent into drains or on the
ground.
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Sr. No. Do’s Don’ts
once in a month.
42
Follow SOP’s (Standard Operating
Procedure) for proper use, storage
and disposal.
Do not mix unknown chemicals without the
supervision of a qualified chemist or safety
professional.
43
Check all electrical & other
equipments before starting any
operations.
Do not carry out maintenance on equipments
without proper permit.
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CHAPTER 8. PROJECT BENEFITS
8.1. Introduction
Growth in the industrial sector creates new opportunities for employment and can also help
diversify the economy. This is especially important given the high level of urbanization, and
growing levels of unemployment and poverty in many cities. Unemployment is particularly high
and an important factor in continued levels of low human well-being and slow growth.
Synergistic growth in the chemical industries could have positive spin-offs for the socio-
economic development. The use of chemical further leads to development in field of research
and development. This chapter describes about benefits of the project on improvements in the
physical infrastructure, social infrastructure, Employment potential in the region.
8.2. Improvement in the Social Infrastructure
From the very initial stage of the inception of the project, infrastructure development in and
around the project site has kept in consideration. Infrastructure development will be done based
on actual requirement socio-economic development of the region. The infrastructure
development will be rolled out as part of company’s CSR activity.
8.3. CSR Activities
M/s. Vinayak industries has plans to institutionalize the Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
activities so that the CSR transforms itself into personal Social Responsibility for the personnel
manning the factory.
There will be more employment generated due to the proposed project both during the
construction phase and operation phase. On the basis of technical knowledge acquired
by the local village youths, they will be providing with suitable employment opportunity in
the company.
The labour force required during construction and operation phase shall be sourced from
nearby village.
Special Health awareness camp and medical camps for primary check up will be
arranged at least once in a year in nearby villages for health check-ups.
Funds will be provided to arrange extracurricular activities for nearby schools and
colleges.
Free medical checkup for villagers.
Tree Plantation in rural areas.
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Free education material for school girl of nearby villages.
Provision of sanitation (toilets) facility.
Partnering with various NGOs to train underprivileged women housewives in hospitality,
self-grooming, house-keeping and laundry.
Budgetary Cost
Initially CSR budget commitment will be approximately 2 % of company’s annual profit.
8.4. Economic Development
This project will increase the economic activities around the area, creating avenues for
direct/indirect employment during operation phase of the project. There would be a
wider economic impact in terms of generating opportunities for other business like
workshops, marketing, repair and maintenance tasks etc.
This project will enhance India’s potential of supplying Different types of Textile
Auxiliaries to leading to step-up of India’s position in global market sector and
strengthening of Indian economy.
The continuous inflow of people will require local transport systems like autos, taxis etc
which would help economic boost.
8.5. Employment Potential
During construction phase of the project, this project will provide temporary employment
to many unskilled and semi-skilled labors in nearby villages. This project will also help in
generation of indirect employment to those people who render their services for the
personnel directly working in the project.
The Project will create direct & indirect employment opportunities within the surrounding
region. The Unit will use good faith efforts to employ local people from the nearby
villages depending upon the availability of skilled & un-skilled manpower surrounding the
project site. In operation phase, the proposed project would require significant workforce
of non-technical and technical persons. Migration of highly education and skilled
experience will result in increase of literacy in the surrounding villages.
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CHAPTER 9. ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN
9.1. Prelude
Environmental Management is basically resource management and environmental planning is
similar to development planning. The conventional resource management and development
planning look at the issues from narrow micro-economical point of view while environmental
management views the issues from the broader prospective of long term sustainable
development option, which ensures that the environment is not desecrated. An Environmental
Management Plan is prepared for construction phase, post construction phase (commissioning
and operation) and for post project phase. The environmental management plan is prepared to
minimize the impact of atmospheric emissions, liquid effluents, solid wastes & noise generation
on the surrounding environment.
The baseline settings of different relevant environmental components in the study area are
analyzed and potential impacts on those components due to the proposed project are
documented. The impacts on environment are found to be minimal during the study; however
additional measures are documented for operation phase for further improvement of
Environmental Quality in the form of an Environmental Management Plan (EMP).
Environment, Health and Safety (EHS)
It is of utmost concern for a company to conduct its business in a manner that will
promote the protection of the occupational Health & Safety; Welfare of its employees
and others involved in or affected by its business operations and address the
environmental concerns regarding sustainable development.
To be a responsive and responsible corporate citizen, we shall strive to achieve an
organizational culture of Safety, Health and Environmental excellence.
As an integral part of the company’s business performance, the company shall declare
full commitment to achieve high levels of performance in Health, Safety and
Environment.
Continual improvements in Safety, Health and Environment shall be recognized as
essential for the future success of the company.
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9.2. Environmental Management Cell
The organization should create an Environmental Management Cell. The organization
structure and the persons involved in the EMP cell are as given below:
Sr. No. Designation Proposed responsibility
1. CEO of
organization
Environmental policy and directions
Provide resources for the environmental performance improvement
programs.
To review periodically the status of Environmental improvement
schemes and status of legal compliance.
He is responsible for improvement of safety and work culture .
2. EHS Officer
Ensure environmental monitoring as per appropriate procedures
Ensure correct records of generation, handling, storage,
transportation and disposal of solid hazardous wastes.
Ensuring legal compliance by properly undertaking activities as laid
down by various regulatory agencies from time to time and
interacting with the same.
arranging awareness program among the workers.
CEO(Managing Director)
EHS (Safety) Officer Plant (production)
Manager
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Sr. No. Designation Proposed responsibility
Maintain legal register.
Ensure proper training of the staff in EHS.
3. Plant Manager Overall in-charge of operation of environmental management
facilities of respective sections.
4. Plant
supervisor
Ensure that all operation of the environmental management
facilities as per plant manager’s instruction and send weakly/
monthly report to the plant manager.
9.3. The Environmental Management Plan
An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is prepared to mitigate and manage various
environmental impacts identified. The EMP presents the project specific guidelines on:
Environmental management strategies
Specialized engineering construction procedures in relation to environmental guidelines
of the country
Spill prevention and control
Management of wastes and hazardous chemicals
Air, water and soil quality protection
Noise control
Soil erosion control and slope stabilization
Vegetation, wildlife and habitat protection
Socio-economic and welfare considerations
Risk and disaster management plan
To prepare a checklist for statutory compliance
Due to its complexity and implications, the implementation of the EMP must be executed
utilizing a specific EMS framework. Once an EMP has been approved, it should provide the
basis for environmental considerations of all the activities carried out on the site by the
appointed personnel.
With respect to the various environmental impacts identified during the EIA stage, mitigation
measures to prevent or minimize the impacts are suggested for all the environmental
components.
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The environmental management plan for the proposed project aims to mitigate the potentially
detrimental impacts on the environment, both during construction and operation phases of the
project. It is also necessary that continued compliance with existing environmental regulations is
ensured. The construction and associated activities have been planned so as to minimize
impacts on the physical, biological and socio-economic-cultural environments. Even though it
would be naive to expect that all detrimental impacts can be avoided, it is apparent that most of
the impacts will be localized and temporary in nature.
9.4. Objectives of Environmental Management Plan
While developing an EMP within the framework of an EMS, it is imperative to have clear
environmental objectives and delineate them. The key environmental management objectives
for this project are to avoid significant adverse environmental impacts and to ensure that where
impacts do occur they are mitigated. In addition, the project proponent aims to meet the
following specific objectives:
To adopt construction and operational methods that will limit environmental degradation.
To protect physical environmental components such as air, water and soil.
To improve workplace conditions for employees by reducing every kind of pollution and
improving workplace environment/atmosphere.
To make budgetary provision and allocation of funds for environment management
system and to timely revision of budgetary provisions.
To implement & ensure effective implementation of research and development program
for the innovative technologies for better environment, resource conservation/
recovery/recycling/reuse.
To eliminate/reduce the possibility of potential hazard due to operations.
To generate employment opportunities wherever possible and feasible.
To provide advanced sophisticated safety system to ensure safety of the public at large.
To establish a long term program to monitor effects of the project on the environment.
The proposed project would create impacts on the environment in two distinct phases:
Phase 1: During the construction phase which may be regarded as temporary or short term.
Phase 2: During the operation phase which will have minimal impact.
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9.5. EMP for Construction Phase
The overall impact of the pollution on the environment during construction phase is localized in
nature and is for a short period. In order to develop effective mitigation plan, it is important to
conceive the specific activities during construction phase causing environmental impact. The
various activities during construction phase have been identified and listed in Chapter 4 along
with their impacts. The following subsections describe the mitigation measures planned to be
adopted for controlling the impact/disturbance of the environment during construction phase.
9.5.1. Basic Engineering Control Measures
The primary aim of the environmental management plan is to eliminate environmental impacts
during designing wherever possible or minimize the risks through best engineering controls. The
measures that can be integrated into design, construction and operation for proposed project
can be broadly defined as:
Reducing possibility of leakage or spillover that may result in losses.
Developing effective response plans to control any losses and to prevent losses
resulting from any damage.
Incorporate engineer slope to minimize erosion and disturbance to natural drainage
pattern.
9.5.2. Management of Air Environment
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has set standards with regard to the ambient air
quality levels and emission levels. The particulate matter, PM10 (size ≤10 µm) levels in
Industrial, residential and rural area not to exceed 100 µg/m3. The vehicular emission standards
for Heavy diesel driven vehicles as per Bharat stage-III for Hydrocarbons: 1.6 g/km hr; Carbon
Monoxide: 2.1 g/km hr and Oxides of Nitrogen: 5 g/km hr and PM: 0.1 g/Km hr. These
standards will be met. (Source: http://www.cpcb.nic.in/Vehicular_Exhaust.php).
Environmental pollution during construction phase will be mainly due to the construction
activities of new plant buildings, machinery installation for manufacturing of Different types of
Textile auxiliaries.
One or more of the following measures may be implemented to minimize impacts on air quality
during construction and operation of the project.
Face masks should be provided to prevent inhalations of dust particle.
It will be ensured that all the vehicles deployed for the project possess Pollution under
Control (PUC) Certificate.
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All vehicles will be properly maintained to minimize emissions of contaminants, for this
necessary measure will be taken.
A schedule for the operation of vehicles will be established to minimize to the extent
practicable, the time of operation of emission sources.
Construction work will not be carried out during storm conditions.
Water should be sprayed by high pressure water hoses during dust generating
construction activities e.g. crushing/demolishing, concrete mixing, material handling etc.
to suppress dust.
Wetting (sweeping or sprinkling) will be used, wherever practicable, to minimize dust
dispersion.
As far as possible unleaded and low sulphur petrol will be used for petrol driven vehicles.
Approach road side plantation will further act as sink to gaseous emission.
9.5.3. Management of Water Environment
Construction equipment requiring minimum water for cooling and operation for optimum
effectiveness will be chosen.
Steam curing of concrete will be done wherever possible.
High pressure hose will be used for cleaning and dust suppression purpose.
Drip and sprinkler system will be provided for spraying water in green belt.
a. Surface water quality
Rainy season will be avoided for cutting and filling of earth work.
Soil binding and fast growing plants should be grown around the construction site before
commencement of construction activity to reduce soil erosion.
Proper housekeeping should be adopted to prevent spillages and contaminated surface
runoff going to storm water drains.
Adopting prudent soil erosion control measures to prevent water pollution.
b. Ground water quality
No discharge of construction wastes to ground water bodies will be allowed during
construction.
Water logging will be avoided by providing drainage system.
9.5.3.1 Management of Noise Environment
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has set standards for ambient noise levels in
various activity zones. For industrial areas the daytime noise levels are not to exceed 75 dB (A)
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and the night time levels 70 dB(A). In case of residential areas, the day and night standards are
55 dB(A) and 45 dB(A) respectively. Suitable conditions will be incorporated in the construction
contract agreement, to ensure compliance of these standards.
The following measures may be adopted to minimize the impact of noise during construction
phase of the project:
Construction equipment generating minimum noise and vibration will be chosen.
Ear plugs and/muffs will be provided to construction workers working near the noise
generating activities / machines / equipment.
Vehicles and construction equipment with internal combustion engines without proper
silencer will not be allowed to operate.
Construction equipment meeting the norms specified by Environmental Protection Act,
1986 will only be used.
Noise control equipment and baffling will be employed on generators especially when
they are operated near the residential and sensitive areas.
Noise levels will be reduced by the use of adequate mufflers on all motorized equipment.
9.5.4. Management of Soil / Land Environment
Following measures will be taken to minimize impact on land environment and improve soil
conditions:
Precautions will be taken to minimize damage to native plants (if any) on the periphery of
construction area.
The natural gradient of the area will be maintained after reinstatement to avoid water
logging.
The construction debris as well as debris from demolition work will be utilized within the
site for levelling purpose and base course preparation of internal roads.
The materials like steel and other recyclable material shall be segregated and reused or
sold to authorized vendors for reuse.
Existing topsoil which is removed during construction should be stockpiled temporarily for
replacement whenever required.
Topsoil and sub-soil will be segregated during trenching and stockpiled separately.
Topsoil will be removed to its actual depth or to a maximum of 30 cm as determined by
HSE representative for the spread.
Topsoil will be stored on the non-traffic side of the trench.
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9.5.5. Management of Solid Waste
Construction activities can lead to solid waste generation including sand, gravel, stone, plastic,
paper, wood, metal, glass, waste concrete, excavated soil, broken bricks, waste plaster, metallic
scrap etc. Solid waste from domestic use like papers, card boards, cans, bottles, food waste etc
will be generated from the site labourers. This will be segregated into biodegradable and non-
biodegradable shall be handed over to authorized vendor. No trash or debris from construction
activities should be left at project site after construction is completed.
9.5.6. Management of Socio-Economic and Cultural Environment
To minimize adverse impacts arising out due to the project activity, important measures are
suggested in the EMP. Proper implementation of EMP would mitigate adverse impacts in the
region. Prior information about the project should be given to locals in study area.
Caution should be exercised to avoid disturbance to existing infrastructure.
An emergency plan should be prepared in advance, to deal with fire fighting.
The authority should make an assessment of the safe, legal load limits of all the bridges,
streets that may be traversed heavy equipment.
Excess excavated material should be removed from the project site as soon as possible
after the completion of excavation operations. This material should be used for levelling
and landscaping.
Construction workers
Local people will be employed for construction work to the maximum extent possible.
Proper facility for domestic water supply, sanitation and other essential services will be
made available to the construction workers.
The facilities should be maintained in a clean, odour free condition and care should be
taken to avoid soil and groundwater contamination.
Face masks, gloves and other personal protective equipments shall be provided to
workers to prevent health hazard during construction activities.
9.5.7. Traffic Control
The authority will make an assessment of the safe, legal load limits of all the bridges,
streets that may be traversed by heavy equipment.
Traffic congestion and road hazards should be prevented.
Deliveries of materials to the project site should be consolidated whenever feasible to
minimize the flow of traffic.
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Existing network of roads will be used for transporting equipment and construction
material.
There will be no diversion of traffic in both the phases of construction and operation.
Truck traffic
Will be staggered all through the day and during non-peak hours.
Materials will be received during non-peak hours.
Water will be sprinkled during transportation.
Adequate wide entry and exit gate will be provided.
Security personnel will manage traffic on shift basis at entry/exit point.
Sufficient space for movements of vehicles will be provided.
9.6. Completion of construction activity- Restoration
Before the activity is considered as complete by the authority, appropriate measures should be
taken to restore the project site and surrounding areas to that of pre-construction condition.
Temporary structures, equipment, surplus material and refuse should be removed from the
project site at the earliest. Land will be restored as discussed below:
To be restore as good as pre-construction condition.
Provision of proper drainage pattern.
Construction debris and other wastes should be cleared from the site.
Fences and other facilities will be repaired during this stage.
9.7. EMP For Operational Phase
Routine operational activities of the project would be associated with the following potentially
significant environmental impacts. These activities associated with the impacts as listed
hereunder:
Routine activities:
Domestic waste water disposal
Transport of men and material
Storage of raw material
Manufacturing process and flue gas stacks emission
Fire / Explosion
The operational phase activities due to proposed project have the potential to cause long-term
environmental impacts. Cumulative impacts due to the air and noise pollution are predicted
using simulation models as discussed in chapter 4.
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Several control measures have been incorporated to minimize the generation of wastes and
subsequent environmental impacts during the operational phase. Strict adherence to these
pollution prevention and control measures will moderate the environmental impacts to the
minimum possible level during operational phase. In general, the environmental management
plan during operational phase of the plant will be directed to the following:
It will be ensured that all the pollution control / environment management systems are
commissioned before the commencement of operation of the project.
Wherever possible, the control systems will be interlinked with the operational units, so
that failure of the control system will shut down the respective operational unit.
Regular performance evaluation of the control systems will be undertaken to ensure their
optimum performance.
Preventive maintenance schedule of the control systems will be matching with that of the
respective operational unit.
Regular monitoring for various components of environment will be undertaken to ensure
effective functioning of pollution control measures as well as to safe guard against any
unforeseen changes in environment.
Efforts will be made to ensure the maximum utilization of wastes generated.
During the operational phase, there will not be any significant impacts on various
environmental components. Hence, the following Management Plan is recommended to
mitigate adverse impacts during operation phase:
9.7.1. Management of Air Environment
Emission at M/s. Vinayak Industries is in the form of the particulate matters and flue gases from
stack attached to Boiler & DG set.
A) To control gaseous emissions following measures are recommended:
Regular monitoring of stacks and vent will be carried out to check the emissions. In case
emission exceeds, the corrective measures shall immediately be taken and records of the
same will be maintained.
Regular ambient air quality monitoring shall be carried out within premises and nearby
area for PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NOx etc.
Emergency process Shut-down existence in case of any pollution control system
deviation.
B) To control fugitive emissions following measures are recommended:
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Controlled emissions and provision of PPEs for the workers.
Provision of mechanical seal in pumps.
Regular inspection of tank roof seals.
Adequate measures for the minimization/prevention of the fugitive emission.
Regular maintenance of valves, pumps and other equipment to prevent leakage.
Entire process is carried out in the closed reactors with proper maintenance of pressure
and temperature.
Regular periodic monitoring of work area to check the fugitive emission.
The unit will also provide adequate stack monitoring facilities for the periodic
monitoring of the stack to verify the compliance of the stipulated norms.
Adequate stack heights as per the CPCB estimation will be provides at all locations to
reduce GLCs of pollutants.
Greenbelt development shall be implemented to mitigate impacts from fugitive
emissions. About 33 % of the total area of project area will be developed for greenbelt.
The air quality surveillance program will be undertaken for proposed and the program
may be strengthened properly keeping in view the combined maximum impacts from
post-project activities particularly in critical downwind directions. Moreover, in view of the
industrialization in the region, the possibility of an integrated ambient air quality-
monitoring program together with surrounding industries may be explored in consultation
with GPCB.
Air Pollution Control System will be installed in the plant.
9.7.2. Management of Noise Environment
To minimize the noise pollution the unit proposes the following noise control measures:
Manufacturers / suppliers of major noise generating machines / equipments like air
compressors, feeder pumps, etc. shall be instructed to make required design
modifications wherever possible before supply and installation to mitigate the noise
generation and to comply with the national / international regulatory norms with respect
to noise generation.
Periodic maintenance of machinery and vehicles should be undertaken to reduce the
noise impact.
Noise suppression measures such as enclosures, buffers and / or protective measures
should be provided (wherever noise level is more than 75 dB (A)).
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Employees should be provided with Personal Protective Equipments like earplugs or
earmuffs, wherever required.
Extensive oiling, lubrication and preventive maintenance will be carried out for the
machineries and equipments to reduce noise generation.
The selection of any new plant equipment will be made with specification of low noise
levels.
Areas with high noise levels will be identified and will include prominently displayed
caution boards.
The green belt area will be developed within industrial premises and around the
periphery to prevent the noise pollution in surrounding area.
Noise monitoring shall be carried out to check the efficacy of maintenance schedules
undertaken to reduce noise levels and noise protection measures.
Good quality digital sound level meter will be in place to monitor noise level.
The sources of intermittent noise generating equipment (water pumping equipment, DG
set, compressor etc.) will be provided with appropriate acoustic barriers so that the noise
level within 1 m of these facilities when in operation will be less than 75 dB(A).
Implementation of greenbelt development / landscaping etc. will reduce noise impacts
within the project premises to a great extent.
It is recommend to measure and maintain records of noise level at various places within
and outside factory premises.
9.7.3. Management of Water Environment
The source of water for the project shall meet through outsourcing supply. Total water
requirement for the proposed project will be 16.24 KLD. The total waste water generation (2.0
KLD) from Industrial activity will be collected and recycled in the process. 1KLD domestic
wastewater shall be disposed through septic tank.
Ground water will not be extracted for this project. So there will be no contamination.
Additionally storm water management will be installed for recharging of ground water.
The mitigation measures for minimizing the impacts on water environment in general includes
following:
Optimum utilization of water resource.
Minimize waste generation.
Reuse/recycle and disposal.
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Use of high-pressure hoses for cleaning the floor to reduce the amount of wastewater
generated.
Reducing the actual process water consumption by way of improvement in operation of
processing units.
Unit proposed to recharge ground water during the monsoon to balance the water table
to make a recharge sump in own premises.
Advance controls and instrumentation for operations and control and leak detection
techniques shall be implemented for this project.
The domestic sewage will be disposed in soak-pits and septic tanks.
9.7.4. Management of Land Environment
The management plan for this component of environment lays emphasis on development of
greenbelt comprising of appropriately selected species of shrubs and trees. It is recommended
that plantation be made on sites, road sides and on barren land. Such a development of
greenbelt and plantation of shrubs and trees will not only significantly reduce or mitigate
adverse impacts due to aerosols and gaseous pollutants, noise, odour and nuisance etc, but
also, serve as shelter belts for avifauna, stabilize and improve soil permeability and aesthetic
environment.
9.7.5. Management of Solid Waste
Waste is an unavoidable byproduct of human activity. Economic development, rapid
urbanization & improved living standards have led to the increase in quantity & complexity of the
waste generated. Proper disposal of waste is essential for preservation and improvement of
public health.
Solid waste management is one of the most essential services for maintaining the quality of life
in the plant and for ensuring better standards of health and sanitation. Solid waste generated in
the plant area can be handled under two main categories, namely domestic wastes and
industrial wastes. Effective measures will be taken to effectively implement the solid waste
management systems in the plant. Solid waste will be handed over to authorized vendor for
disposal.
The Hazardous waste like Discarded Containers, Domestic, Bags with liner and Ash will be
handled as per Hazardous and other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement)
Rules, 2016. Discarded Containers and Bags will be sold to registered recycler.
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The Waste Management plan includes:
Waste Inventory
Classification of waste
Packaging, Storing and Transporting Wastes to Disposal site
Data Management and Reporting - Personnel Training
Waste Minimization
Waste Management:
1. Solid Waste
The solid waste shall be segregated as bio-degradable and non-biodegradable.
The organic waste will be segregated and handed over to outside agency for disposal.
The non-biodegradable (inorganic) waste shall be handed over to authorized recycler for
further handling and disposal.
Reuse of paper and plastic waste.
Planned system for waste collection, segregation and disposal.
2. Hazardous waste
Hazardous waste will be stored in proper storage room and handed over to authorized
vendor for final disposal.
The collection, treatment and disposal of hazardous waste will be as per Hazardous and
other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2016, and hence no
adverse impact on land environment is envisaged.
Necessary PPE’s shall be provided to workers while handling of hazardous waste.
9.7.6. Management of Hazardous Raw materials
The Hazardous raw materials will be handled with every care and precautions. SOP will be
followed for handling the chemicals. The list of raw materials and storage is given in chapter-2.
9.7.7. Management of Biological Environment
No trash/non-biodegradable materials should be dumped outside the project site.
Domestic wastewater (sewage) will be disposed off into septic tank & soak pit. No
contaminated water will be allowed to enter the surrounding environment or surface
water body.
Green belt will be developed all along the boundary of the installation by choosing fast
growing and resistant varieties suitable to the soil conditions in the site (native plants)
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and special care will be taken to maintain it.
Survival rate of the planted trees will be closely monitored in the green belt and the trees
which could not survive should be counted.
There will be a waste management plan developed for categorization and handling of
wastes.
9.7.8. Management of Socio-economic factors
In order to mitigate the impacts likely to arise out of the proposed project and also to
maintain good will of local people for the proposed project, it is necessary to take steps
for improving the social environment. Necessary social welfare measures by the industry
will be useful in gaining public confidence depending on local requirement.
Formal and informal training to be provided to the employees of the effected villages due
to the project will be taken up on priority basis. Job oriented skill training, courses may
be organized.
Personal protective facilities like helmets, safety (gas) mask / safety dress, shoes etc.
are ensured for all workers, engaged in operation.
9.7.9. Management of Traffic
Two gates, one for entry and the other for exit, will be provided with 6 m wide approach
roads.
Traffic Signals will be exhibited at all appropriate locations.
Convex mirror placed along all critical points for visibility.
Adequate Ramp Feeds will be provided.
Flow of traffic is eased out by providing adequate entries and exits space.
Zebra crossings shall be provided on the existing road for pedestrian access.
Entry and exit will be managed by security personnel who will also regulate traffic.
Thus the traffic management will be easily and smoothly monitored without any
hindrances to the regular flow of traffic on the main road.
9.8. Additional Mitigation Measures
In addition to the above suggested measures for management of air, water, soil, traffic etc
following additional measures shall be provided.
9.8.1. Cleaner production strategies:
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1. Good Housekeeping:
We shall take appropriate managerial and operational actions:
Spill and leak detection and prevention programs
Training employees in proper material storage and handling procedures
Dedicated equipment for large volume products
Use spill and drip trays to recover losses from manual material transfer
operations
2. Input Substitution:
Use biodegradable detergents and cleaners
Use higher purity materials
Substitute input materials by renewable materials
By using adjunct materials which have a longer service lifetime in production.
Using Energy efficiently to reduce the environmental impact from energy use by
improved energy efficiency.
3. Better Process control:
Process record keeping in order to run the processes more efficiently and at
lower waste and emission generation rates.
4. On-site recovery & reuse:
Reuse of the wasted materials in the same process for another useful application
within the company
Wastewater from industrial processes will be recycled in the next batch
5. Product modification:
Environmentally preferred packaging (e.g. less or reusable packaging, recyclable
materials)
9.8.2. Water Conservation
Minimizing Water Consumption
Combination of water saving appliances and water management measures will be planned in
the plant. The message of water conservation will be spread to all occupiers on site by way of
awareness campaigns and circulars. Specific measures that will be implemented include the
following:
Management Measures
Reduce toilet cistern volume in single flush models.
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Promote awareness on water conservation and reducing water wastage.
Quick fixing of leaking taps, pipes and toilet cisterns.
Sweep with a broom and pan where possible, rather than hose down external areas.
Water Saving Investments
Reduce water delivery in taps and showers, through the installation of low flow devices
or aerators on showerheads.
Spring-loaded taps.
Installation of sub-meters on key areas of water use-monitoring is a precursor for
management.
Water Efficient Plumbing Fixtures.
9.8.3. Energy Conservation
Energy conservation measures are often the easiest, quickest and cheapest way to reduce
costs and be environmentally pro-active. Energy conservation will be one of the focuses during
planning and operation stages. The conservation efforts would consist of the following:
Architectural design
Public areas will be cooled by natural ventilation as opposed to air-conditioning.
Maximize the use of natural lighting through design.
Energy Saving Practices
Purchase of energy efficient appliances.
Constant monitoring of energy consumption and defining targets for energy
conservation.
Adjusting the settings and illumination levels to ensure minimum energy used for desired
comfort levels.
Proper temperature controls will be provided to reduce load on heating systems.
Proper load factor will be maintained by the company.
Company will adopt good maintenance practices and will maintain good housekeeping
which will help in better illumination levels with least number of fixtures.
On most of roofs transparent acrylic sheets will be provided to use day light and to stop
use of lights during day time.
CFL/LED lamps will be provided, wherever applicable.
To the extent possible and technically feasible, energy efficient equipment will be
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selected.
Gravity flow will be preferred wherever possible to save pumping energy.
Recycling of water will done.
Behavioral change on consumption
Awareness on energy conservation.
Training to staffs on methods of energy conservation.
Solar Architectural Features
The proposed project will provide enough day light factors in the building to permit
maximum day light to interior to minimize overall energy consumption.
These features will also minimize the impact of climate both in summer and in winter and
as a result, the use of electricity will likely to be reduced.
Thermal Characteristics of Building Envelope
Focusing on the high performance energy efficient U & R values can bring down the
building energy consumption i.e. the operational cost for the any commercial buildings.
To evaluate the energy performance the heat transfer coefficient (U-value) and
Resistance (R) factors are to be considered for the building.
9.8.4. Storm Water Management
Surface drainage has designed based on the maximum rainfall intensity prevalent in the area.
All the building has been provided with a plinth protection all round, sloped towards the side
drain. The storm water collection system has designed in such a manner so that clean storm
water from garden, parking areas, roadways and lawns.
9.8.5. Green Belt Development
An ideal green belt always imparts scenic beauty besides providing roosting/perching place for
birds and ground surface for naturally available reptiles, other flora and fauna species, to make
the area more natural and hazard free.
Most of the existing trees will be retained at site so as to minimize adverse impact on flora and
fauna. It is proposed to plant local fast growing species for landscaping. Development of green
belt with carefully selected native plant species is of prime importance due to their capacity to
reduce noise and air pollution impacts by attenuation / assimilation and for providing food and
habitat for local macro and micro fauna. This not only overcomes the problem but also
enhances the beauty of area that will attract bird and insect species and by this way ecology of
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the area will maintain to a great extent. For developing the greenbelt in and around proposed
project sites care need to be taken to plant the evergreen species. The planting of evergreen
species may have certain advantages that may reduce the environmental pollution.
Preparation of Greenbelt Plan
The proposed greenbelt development will be of a suitable width along the periphery of project
site area including unit complex, space between the units located within the project, along the
roads, storage areas, loading / unloading areas of products etc.
Greenbelt Area Details
Within project site
Green belt will be developed in 2100 sq. meter area of the total plot area. Samplings will be
planted on the periphery of the boundary of the plot.
Criteria for Selection of Species for Greenbelt
The plant species suitable for green belt development should be selected based on the
following characteristics:
It will have thick canopy cover,
They will be perennial and evergreen,
They will have high sink potential for pollutants,
They will be efficient in absorbing pollutants if any without significantly affecting their
growth.
Guidelines for Plantation
The plant species identified for greenbelt development should be planted using pitting
technique. The pit size should be either 45 cm × 45 cm × 45 cm or 60 cm × 60 cm × 60 cm.
Bigger pit size is prepared on marginal and poor quality soil. Soil used for filling the pit should be
mixed with well decomposed farm yard manure for 45cm × 45 cm × 45 cm and 60 cm × 60 cm ×
60 cm size pits respectively. The filling of soil should be completed at least 5-10 days before
actual plantation. Healthy sapling of identified species should be planted in each pit.
Table 9.1 Details of proposed trees in the tree plantation area
S. No. Botanical Name Common Name Type
1. Acacia nilotica Babul Tree
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S. No. Botanical Name Common Name Type
2. Aegle marmelos Bel Tree
3. Albizia lebbeck Siris Tree
4. Anona squamosa Sitaphal Small tree
5. Anona reticulate Ramphal Tree
6. Anthocephalus chinesis Kadam Tree
7. Artocarpus heterophyllus Katahal Tree
8. Azadirachta indica Neem Tree
9. Bridelia squamosa Khaja Tree
11. Dalbergia sisoo Sisam Tree
12. Delonix regia Gulmohar Tree
13. Derris indica Karanja Tree
14. Diospyros melanoxylon Tendu Tree
15. Emblica officinalis Amla Tree
16. Eucalyptus citriodora Safeda Tree
17. Eucalyptus hybrid Mysore gum Tree
18. Ficus benghalensis Barh Tree
19. Ficus benjamina Pukar Tree
20. Ficus glomerata Goolar Tree
21. Ficus riligiosa Pipal Tree
22. Ficus virens Pilkhan Tree
23. Guazma ulmifolia Rudrakshi Tree
24. Madhuca longifoli Mahwa Tree
25. Mimusops elengi Maulsari Tree
26. Polyalthia longifolia Ashok Tree
27. Spathodea campanulata Rugtoora Tree
28. Syzygium cumini Jamun Tree
29. Tamarindus indica Imli Tree
30. Tectona grandis Swagon Tree
31. Terminali catappa Jangli badam Tree
32. Ziziphus mauritiana Ber Tree
Roadside Plantation
Roadside plantation plays a very important role for greening the area, increasing the shady
area, increasing aesthetic value and for eco-development of the area. The approach roads to
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project site will be planted with flowering trees.
The trees should be tall in peripheral curtain plantation and with large and spreading canopy in
primary and secondary attenuation zone. It is also recommended to plant few trees, which are
sensitive to air pollution as air pollution indicator.
Green belt Development in premises
Unit has proposed to develop around 2100 Sq.m greenbelt area within plant premises (33.50%
of the total area) as per CPCB norms. It is proposed to plant local, fast growing species with
adequate spacing and density for their fast growth and survival for landscaping.
Table 9.2 Budget allocation for 5 years in greenbelt development
Sr.
No. Year
No. of Trees Budget
(In Lakhs) Survival Inside
Premises
Outside
Premises
1. 2018-19 80 30 0.75 70 – 75%
2. 2019-20 80 35 0.85 70 – 75%
3. 2020-21 80 35 0.85 70 – 75%
4. 2021-22 100 40 1.10 70 – 75%
5. 2022-2023 100 50 1.20 70 – 75%
9.8.6. Odour Management Plan
Odour Problem and Sources of Emissions
Causes of odour can be bad sanitation, bacterial growth in the interconnecting pipes &
unattended drains etc.
Remedial Measures
Better management to avoid staling.
Use of sanitation biocides to minimize the growth of aerobic/anaerobic micro–organisms.
Steaming of major pipe lines.
Proper cleaning of drains.
Regular use of bleaching powder in the drains to avoid growth of sulphur decomposing
micro-organisms to control H2S generation.
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Following Additional methods can also be used to reduce odour nuisance:
Green belt development in the buffer zone may help at least partially to
mitigate/obfuscate the odour.
Ensuring that the operation is carried out under the best management practices.
If still the odour persists then the nozzles, sprayers and atomizers that spray ultra-fine
particles of water or chemicals can be used along the boundary lines of area sources to
suppress odour.
9.8.7. Safety measures to prevent the Occupational Health Hazards
Pollution Control system will be installed.
Proper storage tanks will be designed.
Electrical equipments will be properly earthed & lock out/tag out, electrical isolation
method shall be developed & displayed at required locations.
Proper training shall be given to all the employees at regular time period to bring
awareness among the employees.
9.9. Summary of Environment Management Plan and Actions
A summary of the recommended measures or actions proposed with respect to the various
envisaged impacts as a part of Environment Management Plan is given below table:
Table 9.3 Summary of Environmental Management Plan
S.
N
o.
Environmental
Component
Potential
Impacts
Potential
source of
Impact
Controls though
EMP and Design
Impact
Evaluation
1. Water Water
contamination
Construction
Phase:
Domestic waste
water from
workers
Disposed through
septic tank & soak
pit.
No adverse
impact
Surface runoff
from site.
Silt traps and
diversion ditches will
be constructed to
control surface run
No adverse
impact
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S.
N
o.
Environmental
Component
Potential
Impacts
Potential
source of
Impact
Controls though
EMP and Design
Impact
Evaluation
off.
Operation
phase:
Discharge of
domestic
wastewater
Disposed through
septic tank & soak
pit.
No adverse
impact
Surface runoff
from site
Storm Water
Management will be
provided to prevent
runoff and water
logging.
Positive
impact
Generation of
industrial waste
water
The total waste
water generation (2
KLD) from Industrial
activity will be
recycled in the
process.
No adverse
impact
2. Air Quality Dust
Emission
Construction
Phase:
Construction
activities
Dust mask will be
provided to prevent
worker exposure of
dust.
Sprinkling of water
will be done for dust
suppression.
Temporary
& minor
impact
Particulate &
gaseous
emissions i.e.
PM10 & PM2.5,
SO2, NOx
Construction
equipments and
vehicular
movement.
Periodic
maintenance of
construction
equipments will be
done.
Heavy vehicle
Temporary
&
insignificant
impact
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S.
N
o.
Environmental
Component
Potential
Impacts
Potential
source of
Impact
Controls though
EMP and Design
Impact
Evaluation
must be checked for
PUC certificate.
Emission
from DG sets
(PM, SO2,
NOx)
Operation of DG
set
Providing
adequate stack
height for mixing of
emissions.
Port hole will be
provided.
Maintenance of
DG set periodically.
No
significant
impact
Particulate &
gaseous
emissions of
SPM, SO2,
NOx
Operation
Phase:
DG Set
Applicable height
of stack will be
maintained. Periodic
maintenance of DG
set & monitoring will
be carried out.
No
significant
impact
Boiler Cyclone Separator
No
significant
impact
Emissions from
vehicular traffic.
Adequate wide
approach road is
proposed for smooth
vehicular movement.
Approach road side
plantation will further
act as sink to
gaseous emission.
No
significant
impact
3. Noise Increase in
noise level
Construction
Phase:
Use of well-
maintained
No
significant
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S.
N
o.
Environmental
Component
Potential
Impacts
Potential
source of
Impact
Controls though
EMP and Design
Impact
Evaluation
Operation of
construction
equipments and
vehicular
movement.
equipment fitted with
silencers.
impact.
Providing noise
shields near the
heavy construction
operations.
Noisy operations
will be limited to day
time only.
Ear plug and
muffs will be
provided to workers.
Operation
Phase:
Vehicles
movement
Wide road and
ample parking space
will be provided.
Vehicles with inbuilt
silencer shall be
allowed in the site.
No
significant
impact
D.G. sets
operations
Generators with
inbuilt mufflers shall
be provided.
Ear plugs shall be
provided to
operators of DG set.
Periodic
maintenance &
monitoring of DG set
for noise level.
No impact.
4. Land Land
contamination
by
Construction
Phase:
Disposal of
Construction debris
will be collected and
used for leveling the
No
significant
impact.
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S.
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o.
Environmental
Component
Potential
Impacts
Potential
source of
Impact
Controls though
EMP and Design
Impact
Evaluation
construction
debris and
solid waste
construction
debris & solid
waste.
site.
Solid waste from
labours use will be
collected in
collection bins and
disposed off to
approve sites by
GPCB.
Excavated soil Top soil will be
used for landscaping
No
significant
impact.
Metallic waste Metallic waste
shall be sold to
vendors for
reprocessing
No
significant
Impact.
Operation
Phase:
Municipal solid
waste like
rubbish, paper,
plastic garbage
etc. Other non
hazardous waste
like ash will be
generated.
Efficient solid
waste collection
and storage
facility is
proposed.
Solid waste will
be generated
and shall be
handed over to
authorized
vendor.
Ash will be sold to
brick
manufacturers.
No
significant
impact
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S.
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Environmental
Component
Potential
Impacts
Potential
source of
Impact
Controls though
EMP and Design
Impact
Evaluation
Hazardous waste
like Discarded
containers, bags
with liner etc.
Discarded containers
& Bags will be sold
to authorized
vendors.
No
significant
impact
5. Biodiversity
Impact on
Flora &
Fauna
Construction
Phase:
Site
Development
during
construction
activities
Proper slope will be
maintained.
Phase wise
plantation will be
done.
No impact
Operational
Phase:
Increase of
green cover
Green belt will be
developed as per
landscaping plan at
site and periphery of
the boundary.
Positive
impact
6. Traffic Pattern
Increase of
vehicular
movements
Construction
Phase:
Heavy Vehicular
movement at site
Heavy Vehicular
movement will be
restricted to daytime
only and adequate
parking facility will be
provided.
Minor
impact
Operational
Phase:
Traffic due to
commercial once
the site is
operational
Vehicular movement
will be regulated
inside the site with
adequate roads and
parking shall be
provided.
Insignificant
impact
7. Socio-
Economic
Increase in
Job
opportunities
Construction
Phase
& Operational
Socio-economic
development through
CSR activity will be
Positive
impact
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S.
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o.
Environmental
Component
Potential
Impacts
Potential
source of
Impact
Controls though
EMP and Design
Impact
Evaluation
Phase
made
The Environmental Management Plan shall be effectively implemented so that optimum
benefit could be achieved. The Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan shall be
synchronized with the construction schedules.
9.10. Findings
From the foregoing sections it is clear that environmental considerations are foremost during
development of the project, at all the following levels:
Project sitting
Planning and design
Project construction
Post project operations
The following findings are to be mentioned:
The Project will have no significant environmental impacts during construction and
operations.
The environmental and safety aspects of the Project are straightforward and well
understood.
A detailed environmental impact study is carried out and EMP. No further studies are
required to elaborate these subjects.
The EMP also provides for establishing, and maintaining a system of environmental monitoring
and auditing to ensure strict compliance of all the measures identified in the EMP, and minimize
adverse environmental and social impacts. Suitable provisions related to environmental
management will also be made in the construction contract agreement.
9.11. Conclusions
The project can cause minor impacts only during construction phase due to the various activities
involved during that phase. However, strict adherence to the various mitigation measures as
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Green Circle, Inc. M/s. Vinayak Industries.
identified under the EMP, strengthened by adequate environmental monitoring using best
available technology (BAT) and auditing and good construction practices, including the special
construction methods as prescribed, will go a long way in effectively reducing the impacts as to
negligible levels.
During operation phase of the project, none of the routine activities will cause any noticeable
impact on any component of the environment, including the socio-economic component.
Provision of green belt, storm water management and energy conservation shall further facilitate
in overall scenario management of Environment.
Thus, it can be concluded on a positive note that after the implementation of the mitigation
measures and Environmental Management Plan, the proposed project shall have negligible
impact on environment and will benefit the local people and economy.
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Green Circle, Inc. M/s. Vinayak Industries.
CHAPTER 10. CONCLUSION
The present report is based on the work carried out by M/s. Green Circle, Inc. baseline data
collection carried out by them only. The EIA report contains in depth study on Environmental
quality and Environmental Management Plan to mitigate the impacts including Risk Assessment
and Disaster Management Plan. The project is technically, environmentally and
socioeconomically viable and is beneficial at local level, state level and national level.
The project M/s. Vinayak Industries seems to be safety conscious and aware about impacts
industrial projects and is environment friendly.
We may conclude as under:
The project proponent will follow all the statutory norms and guidelines as per EPA, 1986
to safeguard environment.
Domestic wastewater generated from the proposed project will be disposed into septic
tank & soak pit. The generated waste water from the process and utilities will be treated in
Effluent Treatment Plant. Treated effluent will be used in the process for next batch. Zero
Liquid Discharged (ZLD) will be achieved.
Ambient Air Quality of the project site are concerned viz. SPM (PM10 & PM2.5), SO2 and
NOx, their concentrations in the ambient air at the proposed site were observed to be well
within the prescribed limits.
The operational phase noise shall be within industrial premises which will not exceed 75
dB (A).
No significant impact is seen on flora and fauna as no reserve forest and eco-sensitive
zones are present within 5 km.
The project will generate employment opportunities during construction stage and also at
operational stage. The standard of living of local people due to employment is likely to be
better, so we may say that it is positive socio-economic impact. The region will get
economic boost.
Overall the project will have positive impact for socio-economic and cultural development.
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Green Circle, Inc. M/s. Vinayak Industries.
CHAPTER 11. DISCLOSURE BY CONSULTANT
EIA Team Members:
The EIA team engaged in the preparation of EIA report consists of professionals with
multidisciplinary skills and experience required for undertaking this project. The EIA involved in
various stages of planning to final report preparation is given below in table:
Name Designation Key
Responsibility Area
Signature
Mr. Pradeep Joshi Group President &
CEO Team Leader
Mr. Vikash Bhagat Assistant Manager –
EIA & EE
Review and finalization of
Report
Dr. Deepika Mandal Manager – EIA & Lab Report
Preparation
Ms. Sandhya Agnihotri
Executive -Environment
Report Preparation
Ms. Disha patel Executive -
Environment Report
Preparation
Mr. Bipeen Gadhe Asst. Manager –
Risk Management
Risk Assessment Report
Preparation
Mr. Raghav Soni Assistant Manager-
EL& R
Baseline Report Preparation
Measures proposed to be taken for the work area ambient air quality
monitoring as per Gujarat Factories Rules.
Ambient air Monitoring - The ambient air monitoring will be done as per GPCB
consent once in three months or more frequently as per directives of state pollution
control Board. The ambient monitoring will be done for the following parameters
Total suspended solids – PM (Particulate Matter), PM2.5 and PM 10 will be
monitored .
Oxides of Nitrogen NOx
Oxides of sulfur Sox
Total hydrocarbons ( if required by GPCB)
Noise level – Noise level will be monitored separately for day and night.
Work place monitoring The workplace monitoring will be done as per
Gujarat factories rules once in three months and will be recorded in the
prescribed format No. 37. (form attached below)
FORM NO.37 (Prescribed under rule 12-B)
Register containing particulars of monitoring of working environment required
Under Section 7-A (a) (e)
1. Name of the Department / Plant
2. Raw materials, by-products and finished products involved in the process
3. Particulars of sampling
Sr.
No.
Location/
Operation
Mentioned
Identified
contaminant
Sampling
instrument
used
Airborne Contamination Average
Number of
samples
Range
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
TWA
Concentration
(As given in
Second
schedule
Reference
Method
Number of
Workers
at the location
being
monitored
Remarks Signature of
Person
Taking
samples
Name(in block
letters)
8 9 10 11 12 13
Details of hazardous characteristics and toxicity of raw materials and products to be
handled and the control measures proposed to ensure safety and avoid the human
health impacts. This shall include the details of Antidotes also
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
1.
Acryl amide
This product is a white
colored odorless and toxic
Solid. The oral toxicity LD50
is 124 mg/kg (rat).
Hazardous effects on
Human:
1) This chemical is
hazardous in case of
eye contact. It can
damage the eyes.
2) It is slightly hazardous
in case of skin contact
(irritant)
3) Severe over-exposure
by ingestion can result
in death as it is toxic.
1) Eye Contact - Check for and
remove any contact lenses. In
case of contact, immediately
flush eyes with plenty of
water for at least 15 minutes.
Cold water may be used. Get
medical attention.
2) Skin Contact: In case of
contact, immediately flush
skin with plenty of water for at
least 15 minutes while
removing contaminated
clothing and shoes. Cover the
irritated skin with an
emollient. Cold water may be
used. Wash clothing before
reuse. Thoroughly clean
shoes before reuse. Get
medical attention in case of
persistent skin irritation.
3) If inhaled, remove the victim
to fresh air. If not breathing,
give artificial respiration. If
breathing is difficult, give
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
oxygen. Get medical
attention.
4) If swallowed, do not induce
vomiting unless directed to do
so by medical personnel.
Never give anything by mouth
to an unconscious person.
Loosen tight clothing such as
a collar, tie, belt or waistband.
Get medical attention
immediately.
1) Fire Hazards – It is
combustible at high
temperature with a
flashpoint of 138 °C.
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY
chemical powder.
LARGE FIRE: Use water
spray, fog or foam. Do not
use water jet.
2.
Acrylic Acid
This product is a colorless
liquid with a strong odor.
The toxicity LD50 oral is
2400 mg/kg (mouse) & LD50
Dermal is 294mg/kg
(rabbit).
Hazardous effects on
Human:
1) Very hazardous in case
of skin contact
(permeator), of eye
contact (irritant,
corrosive). Corrosive to
skin and eyes on
contact.
2) Inhalation of the spray
1) Eye Contact: -Check for and
remove any contact lenses.
In case of eye contact,
immediately flush eyes with
plenty of water for at least 15
minutes. Cold water should
be used. Get medical
attention immediately.
2) In case of skin contact,
immediately flush skin with
plenty of water for at least 15
minutes while removing
contaminated clothing
and shoes. Cold water may
be used. Apply soothing
lotions or antiseptic cream.
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
mist may produce
severe irritation of
respiratory tract,
characterized by
coughing, choking, or
shortness of breath.
3) Severe over-exposure
can result in death.
4) Liquid or spray mist may
produce tissue damage
particularly on mucous
membranes of eyes,
mouth and respiratory
tract. Skin
5) Inflammation of eyes is
characterised by
redness, watering and
itching.
6) Repeated exposure of
this toxic material may
result in general
deterioration of health
due to accumulation in
one or many organs in
human.
Wash clothing before reuse.
Thoroughly clean shoes
before reuse. Get medical
attention immediately.
3) If the vapours of the chemical
are inhaled, remove to fresh
air. If not breathing, give
artificial respiration. If
breathing is difficult, give
oxygen. Get medical
attention immediately.
4) Ingestion: -Do NOT induce
vomiting unless directed to
do so by medical personnel.
Never give anything by
mouth to an unconscious
person. Loosen tight clothing
such as a collar, tie, belt or
waistband. Get medical
attention if symptoms appear.
1) Fire Hazards – It is
flammable material and
has flash point 50 °C.
And auto ignition temp.
of 438 °C. Hazardous
combustion products
during fire of this
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY
chemical powder.
LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol
foam, water spray or fog. Cool
the vessels containing this
material with water jet in order
to prevent pressure build-up,
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
chemical are Carbon
dioxide (CO2) and
Carbon monoxide (CO).
Extremely flammable in
presence of open flames
and sparks and heat
auto ignition or explosion.
3.
Butyl Monomer
It is clear, colourless liquid
with fruity odor having oral
toxicity LD50 900 mg/kg
(Rat).
Hazardous effects on
Human:
Hazardous in case of skin
contact (permeator), of eye
contact (irritant), of
ingestion, of inhalation
(lung irritant). Slightly
hazardous in case of skin
contact (irritant).
Repeated or prolonged
exposure to the substance
can produce target organs
damage
1) Eye Contact -Check for and
remove any contact lenses. In
case of contact, immediately
flush eyes with plenty of water
for at least 15 minutes. Cold
water may be used. WARM
water MUST be used. Get
medical attention.
2) In case of contact,
immediately flush skin with
plenty of water for at least 15
minutes while removing
contaminated clothing and
shoes. Cover the irritated
skin with an emollient. Wash
clothing before reuse.
Thoroughly clean shoes
before reuse. Get medical
attention.
3) If inhaled, remove to fresh
air. If not breathing, give
artificial respiration. If
breathing is difficult, give
oxygen. Get medical
attention.
4) Do NOT induce vomiting
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
.
unless directed to do so by
medical personnel. Never
give anything by mouth to an
unconscious person. If large
quantities of this material are
swallowed, call a physician
immediately. Loosen tight
clothing such as a collar, tie,
belt or waistband.
1) Fire Hazard – It is a
flammable liquid with
open cup flash points
47.77 °C. and auto
ignition temperatures of
The products of 279 to
292 °C, combustion
products are carbon
oxides (CO, CO2).
Highly flammable in
presence of open flames
and sparks, of heat.
This is a Flammable liquid,
soluble or dispersed in water.
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY
chemical powder.
LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol foam,
water spray or fog.
Cool containing vessels with
water jet in order to prevent
pressure build-up, auto ignition
or explosion.
4.
Defoamer
It is a mixture of organo
siloxanes with water.
Concentration of
organosiloxanes is 1 to 5 %.
It is a white coloured
emulsion liquid with bland
odor having oral toxicity
LD50 90 mL/kg (Rat).
Hazardous effect on
Human:
1) In case of eye contact
immediately flush eyes with
running water for at least 15
minutes, keeping eyelids
open. Cold water may be
used if possible.
2) In case of skin contact wash
the skin immediately with
plenty of water. Gently and
thoroughly wash the
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
1) In case of eye contact
may cause eye irritation.
2) In case of skin contact it
can causes skin
irritation. May be
harmful if absorbed
through the skin.
3) In case of in ingestion it
will cause
gastrointestinal irritation
with nausea, vomiting
and diarrhea. May be
harmful if swallowed as
it is toxic.
4) In case of inhalation it
can cause respiratory
tract irritation. May be
harmful if inhaled.
contaminated skin with
running water and non-
abrasive soap.
3) In case of inhalation allow
the victim to rest in a well
ventilated area. Seek
immediate medical attention.
4) In case of ingestion do not
induce vomiting. Never give
anything by mouth to an
unconscious person. Seek
immediate medical attention.
Fire & Explosion Hazards:-
Product does not support
combustion, But the dried
siloxane can catch fire Use
extinguishing agent suitable
for type of surrounding fire.
Dried product is capable of
burning. Combustion
products are toxic. May
include Carbon monoxide
Carbon dioxide and other
toxic gases or vapours.
Wear NIOSH approved self-
contained breathing apparatus
(SCBA) and full protective gear
to be used while fighting fire as
siloxanes will produce toxic
gases in case of fire. Cool fire-
exposed containers with water
spray.
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
5.
Dibutyl phthalate
It is a colourless to light
yellow viscous liquid with
ester odour having toxicity
LD50 oral is 3474 mg/kg
(Mouse) & LD50 Dermal is
>20000 mg/kg (rabbit).
Hazardous effect on human
& environment :
1) In case of eye contact
causes mild eye irritation.
2) In case of skin contact it
may cause skin irritation.
It is harmful if absorbed
through the skin.
3) In case of ingestion it
may cause irritation of
the digestive tract.
Symptoms may include:
fatigue, nausea, stupor,
and coma. It is harmful if
swallowed being a toxic.
4) May cause respiratory
tract irritation if inhaled in
small concentrations
5) In case of inhalation in
high concentrations it may
affect central nervous
system, the effects
characterized by nausea,
headache, dizziness,
unconsciousness and
coma.
1) In case of eye contact
immediately flush eyes with
plenty of water for at least 15
minutes, occasionally lifting
the upper and lower.
2) In case of skin contact
immediately flush skin with
plenty of water for at least 15
minutes while removing
contaminated clothing and
shoes. Get medical aid.
3) In case of ingestion do not
induces vomiting. Never give
anything by mouth to an
unconscious person. Loosen
tight clothing such as a collar,
tie, and belt or waistband.Get
medical aid immediately.
4) In case of inhalation in high
concentrations move the
victim to fresh air
immediately. If not breathing,
give artificial respiration. If
breathing is difficult, give
oxygen. Get medical aid.
1) SMALL FIRE: Use DRY
chemical powder.
2) LARGE FIRE: Use water
spray, fog or foam. Do not use
water jet.
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
Fire Hazards: It is
combustible at high
temperature with a
flashpoint of 157º C.
Products of combustion are
carbon oxides (CO, CO2).
Slightly flammable to
flammable in presence of
open flames and sparks
of heat.
6.
DOM
Di (2-ethylhexyl)
Maleate or
Dioctyl maleate
It is a clear, colourless liquid
with ester like odour. Has
flashpoint of 180 °C.
Its acute oral toxicity LD50
is >2000mg/kg (rat) and
dermal toxicity LD50: 14000
mL/kg (rabbit).
May cause damage to
organs through prolonged
or repeated exposure
If Swallowed.
Very toxic to aquatic life
with long lasting effects.
1. Do not breathe
dust/fume/gas/mist/spray/spr
ay. Avoid release to the
environment. Get medical
attention/advice if you feel
unwell. Collect spillage.
Dispose of contents/container
in accordance with local
regulations.
2. Remove contaminated,
soaked clothing immediately
and dispose of safely.
3. Skin contact: Wash off
immediately with soap and
plenty of water. If symptoms
persist, call a physician.
4. Eyes: In the case of contact
with eyes, rinse immediately
with plenty of water and seek
medical advice.
5. Inhalation: Keep at rest.
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
Aerate with fresh air. If
symptoms persist, call a
physician.
6. Ingestion: Call a physician
immediately. Do not induce
vomiting without medical
advice.
Fire Hazard: Explosion: It is
a flammable chemical & has
flashpoint of -185°C
Auto ignition temp is 260 °C
1. Use water spray, foam, dry
chemical or carbon dioxide.
2. Do not use a solid water
stream or jet as it may
scatter and spread fire.
3. Use self-contained breathing
apparatus while fighting fire
4. Cool containers/tanks with
water spray.
7.
Formaldehyde
It is a clear colourless liquid
with pungent odour. It is
available generally with 35
to 38 % concentration in
water. It is highly toxic with
Oral toxicity LD50100 mg/kg
(rat).and 42 mg/Kg (mouse)
Hazardous effect on
Human:
1) In case of eye contact it
is hazardous and irritant
to eye.
2) In case of skin contact it
causes sensitization.
3) It is hazardous in case
of ingestion as it is
1) In case of eye contact
immediately flush with plenty
of water for up to 15
minutes. Remove any
contact lenses and open
eyes wide apart. Obtain
medical attention
immediately.
2) In case of skin contact,
Remove contaminated
clothing immediately and
wash skin with soap and
water. Apply emoluments on
affected skin.
3) In case of serious skin
contact in addition to above
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
highly toxic. It cause
burns in mouth, throat
and stomach if
swallowed.
4) Its prolonged exposure
may cause general
deterioration of health
with damage to one or
more target organ.
apply antibacterial cream
and seek medical help
immediately.
4) In case of ingestion
immediately give a couple of
glasses of water or milk,
provided the victim is fully
conscious. Get medical
attention immediately.
5) In case of inhalation of vapor
or mist of this material
remove victim immediately
from source of exposure. If
breathing is difficult
administer oxygen. Get
medical attention.
1) Fire Hazards &
Explosion:
It is a flammable chemical
with a flash point of 50 °C
and auto ignition temp of
430 ° Flammable in
presence of open flames
and sparks, of heat. The
vapors are explosive in
presence of spark or heat.
1) Flammable liquid, soluble or
dispersed in water.
2) SMALL FIRE: Use DRY
chemical powder.
3) LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol
foam, water spray or fog.
4) Cool containing vessels with
water jet in order to prevent
pressure build-up, auto
ignition or explosion.
It is a White crystalline Solid
with a melting point of 52
°C. Its Oral Toxicity LD50 is
481 mg/kg (Rat).and dermal
toxicity of 2629 mg/kg
1. Eye Contact:
Check for and remove any
contact lenses. Immediately
flush eyes with running water
for at least 15 minutes,
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
8.
Maleic Anhydride
(Rabbit).
Hazardous effect on
human:
1. Very hazardous in case of
ingestion. As it is highly
toxic substance .
2. Hazardous in case of skin
contact (irritant,
permeator), Skin contact
can produce inflammation
and blistering
3. eye contact (irritant),
Corrosive to eyes and
skin. The amount of tissue
damage depends on
length of contact. Eye
contact can result in
corneal damage or
blindness.
4. Inhalation of dust
will produce irritation
to gastro-intestinal or
respiratory tract,
characterized by burning,
sneezing and coughing.
5. Severe over-
exposure can produce
lung damage, choking,
unconsciousness or
death.
keeping eyelids open. Cold
water may be used. Do not
use an eye ointment. Seek
medical attention.
2. Skin Contact:
If the chemical got onto the
clothed portion of the body,
remove the contaminated
clothes as quickly as
possible, protecting your own
hands and body. Place the
victim under a deluge
shower. If the chemical got
on the victim's exposed skin,
such as the hands: Gently
and thoroughly wash the
contaminated skin with
running water and non-
abrasive soap. Cold water
may be used. If irritation
persists,. Wash contaminated
clothing before reusing.
3. Inhalation: Allow the victim
to rest in a well ventilated
area. Seek immediate
medical attention.
4. Ingestion:
Do not induce vomiting.
Examine the lips and mouth to
ascertain whether the tissues
are damaged, a possible
indication that the toxic
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
material was ingested; the
absence of such signs,
however, is not conclusive.
Loosen tight clothing such as
a collar, tie, belt or waistband.
If the victim is not breathing,
perform mouth-to-mouth
resuscitation. Seek immediate
medical attention being a toxic
substance.
1) Fire Hazard & Exposure:
It is combustible at high
temperature.
Has a flashpoint of
103.33°C and auto ignition
temperature of 476 ° C
It is Combustible when
exposed to heat or flame.
2) If Material is in powder
form, it is capable of
creating a dust explosion.
3) When heated to
decomposition it emits
acrid smoke and irritating
fumes.
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY
chemical powder.
LARGE FIRE: Use water
spray, fog or foam. Do not
use water jet.
It is a colourless, odourless
liquid. Its oral toxicity LD50 is
1790 mg/kg (Mouse).
Hazardous effect on
human:
1.Very hazardous in case of
eye contact (irritant),
1. Eye Contact: Check for and
remove any contact lenses.
Do not use an eye ointment.
Seek medical attention.
2. Skin Contact:
After contact with skin, wash
immediately with plenty of
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
9. 1-Octanol Inflammation of the eye is
characterized by redness,
watering, and itching
2.Hazardous in case of
ingestion. Or swallowed
accidently.
3. Hazardous in case of
skin contact (irritant), or in
case of inhalation.
.
water. Gently and thoroughly
wash the contaminated skin
with running water and non-
abrasive soap. Be particularly
careful to clean folds,
crevices, creases and groin.
Cover the irritated skin with an
emollient. If irritation persists,
seek medical attention. Wash
contaminated clothing before
reusing.
3. Inhalation: Allow the victim to
rest in a well ventilated area.
Seek immediate medical
attention.
4. Ingestion: Do not induce
vomiting. Examine the lips and
mouth to ascertain whether the
tissues are damaged, a
possible indication that the toxic
material was ingested; the
absence of such signs,
however, is not conclusive.
Loosen tight clothing such as a
collar, tie, belt or waistband. If
the victim is not breathing,
perform mouth-to-mouth
resuscitation. Seek immediate
medical attention.
Fire Hazards &Explosion:
Flammable liquid with a
flashpoint 81.1 ° C. and
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY
chemical powder.
LARGE FIRE: Use water spray,
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
auto ignition temp of 270 °
C.
fog or foam. Do not use water
jet.
10.
Polyethylene
glycol
It is an odourless, clear,
viscous liquid. Similar to
Glycerine .
Its oral toxicity LD50 is
30200 mg/kg (Rat) &
dermal toxicity is 20000
mg/kg (Rabbit).
LC 50 is 13 ppm for 8 hours
( acute)
Hazardous effect on
human:
Slightly hazardous in case
of skin contact (irritant,
permeator), and eye
contact (irritant), of
ingestion, of inhalation.
1) In case of eye contact
immediately flush eyes with
plenty of water for at least 15
minutes. Cold water may be
used. WARM water MUST
be used. Get medical
attention immediately.
2) In case of skin contact,
immediately flush skin with
plenty of water. Cover the
irritated skin with an
emollient.
3) In case of swallowed
(ingestion) rinse mouth with
plenty of water. Do not
induce vomiting. Call a
doctor as the substance is
mild toxic.
4) In case inhaled the vapors
remove victim to fresh air
and keep at rest in a position
comfortable for breathing.
Fire Hazards:
It is combustible liquid at
high temperature.
Flashpoint of 226.67 °C
(closed cup) and 231°C
(open cup)
Slightly flammable in
presence of open flames
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY
chemical powder.
LARGE FIRE: Use water spray,
fog or foam. Do not use water
jet.
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
and sparks, of heat.
11.
Poly phenylene
Sulfide
It is a solid, in form of
granules, or powder.
May cause skin and eye
irritation.
Inhalation of dust may
cause irritation of
respiratory tract.
Ingestion – No information
found but a low toxicity
material in case of
ingestion being a polymeric
base material.
The fumes of overheated
material may cause
irritation of throat and
respiratory tract.
1. Inhalation: Move person to
fresh air. Assist breathing if
necessary. Consult a
physician.
2. Skin: Remove
contaminated clothing.
Wash affected area with mild
soap and water until
chemicals are completely
removed. (15-20 minutes at
least). Get medical attention
if necessary.
3. Eye: Immediately flush
eyes with plenty of water
while holding eyelids open.
Seek medical attention if
irritation persists.
4. Ingestion: Material is not
expected to be absorbed
from the gastrointestinal
tract. Do not induce vomiting
unless directed to do so by
medical personnel.
Fire Hazards :
Airborne dust may form
flammable or explosive
mixture with air.
Auto ignition temperature –
400 °C
Toxic carbon compounds
Extinguishing Media :
1) Dry chemical, carbon dioxide,
water spray and foam or
water fog
2) Keep people away. Isolate
fire area and the
unnecessary entry.
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
like oxides of sulphur can
be produced during
combustion
3) Cool surroundings with water
to localize fire zone.
4) Soak thoroughly with water to
cool and prevent re-ignition.
5) Protective fire fighting
clothing (including fire
fighting helmet, coat, pants,
boots, and gloves), Positive-
pressure self contained
breathing apparatus (SCBA).
12.
Para Toluene
Sulfonic
Acid(PTSA)
It is solid with off white
crystals with slight aromatic
odour. Oral toxicity LD50
2480 mg/kg (rat).
Hazardous effect on
human:
1) Extremely destructive to
eyes. Causes irritation,
redness, pain, and burns.
As it is corrosive material.
2) Extremely destructive to
skin. Causes irritation,
redness, pain, and burns.
3) Inhalation of fumes -
Extremely destructive to
tissues..
4) Corrosive. Extremely
destructive to tissues of
the mucous membranes
and upper respiratory
tract. Symptoms may
include burning sensation,
1) In case of eye contact
immediately flush eyes with
plenty of water for at least 15
minutes, lifting lower and
upper eyelids occasionally.
Get medical attention
immediately.
2. In case of contact, wipe off
excess material from skin
then immediately flush skin
with plenty of water for at
least 15 minutes. Remove
contaminated clothing and
shoes. Wash clothing before
reuse. Call a physician
immediately.
3. If swallowed, do not induce
vomiting. Give large
quantities of water. Never
give anything by mouth to an
unconscious person. Get
medical attention
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
coughing, wheezing,
laryngitis, shortness of
breath, headache, nausea
and vomiting. Inhalation
may be fatal as a result of
spasm inflammation and
edema of the larynx and
bronchi, chemical
pneumonitis and
pulmonary edema.
Ingestion- Extremely
destructive to tissues.
May be fatal
immediately.
a. If the vapours are inhaled
remove the victim to fresh
air. If not breathing, give
artificial respiration. If
breathing is difficult, give
oxygen. Get medical
attention immediately.
1) Fire Hazards:
As with most organic
solids, fire is possible at
elevated temperatures
or by contact with an
ignition source.
Flashpoint: 184 °C.
Auto ignition temp is
350 ° C.
1) Water spray, dry chemical,
alcohol foam, or carbon
dioxide. May react strongly
with water.
2) In the event of a fire, wear full
protective clothing and
NIOSH-approved self-
contained breathing
apparatus with full face piece
operated in the pressure
demand or other positive
pressure mode.
13.
Poly Vinyl Alcohol
It is a white, colourless &
odourless powdered solid.
Hazardous effect on
human:
Slightly hazardous in case
of skin contact (irritant), of
1) In case of eye contact
immediately flush eyes with
plenty of water for at least 15
minutes. Cold water may be
used. Get medical attention.
2) Wash with soap and water.
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
(PVA) eye contact (irritant), of
ingestion, of inhalation.
Cover the irritated skin with
an emollient. Get medical
attention if irritation develops.
Cold water may be used.
3) If inhaled, remove to fresh
air. If not breathing, give
artificial respiration. If
breathing is difficult, give
oxygen.
1) If swallowed, do not induce
vomiting. Never give anything
by mouth to an unconscious
person. Loosen tight clothing
such as a collar, tie, belt or
waistband. Get medical help
1) Fire Hazards: Maybe
combustible at high
temperature.
2) Flashpoint: 79°C.
3) Flammable in presence
of open flames and
sparks, of heat. Non-
flammable in presence of
shocks.
4) The fine dust of this
material can cause dust
explosions.
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY
chemical powder.
LARGE FIRE: Use water
spray, fog or foam. Do not
use water jet.
14.
Styrene-
Butadiene-Styrene
( Rubber )
It is an amorphous solid.
Expected to be of low oral
toxicity, LD50 > 2000 mg/kg
Its Acute inhalation toxicity
LC50 is 164.5 mg/L/hr (rat).
1) Ingestion :-If vomiting occurs,
lay the patient down as head
would be lower than body for
suffocation prevention. If
breathing stops mouth-to-
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
Hazardous effect on
human:
1) Causes eye irritation
2) In case of skin contact,
causes skin irritation.
3) Throat irritation in case
of ingestion & inhalation.
4) Molten product adheres
to the skin and causes
burns
mouth resuscitation (also
called expired air
resuscitation - EAR) may be
given only as a last resort.
2) In case of eye contact,
immediately flush eye with
plenty of water for at least
15-20 mins.
3) In case of skin contact, flush
skin with plenty of water and
soap or mild cleanser at least
15 to 20 min..
4) In case of inhalation,
immediately remove exposed
person to fresh air, make
warm and keep at rest in a
position comfortable for
breathing. Perform artificial
respiration if necessary. Call
a physician.
Fire hazard:
The polymer is flammable
above 228°C.
It has a flash point of 288
°C
Autoignition Temp of the
mist is 440 °C
Dust explosion can occure.
The amorphous solid will
catch fire when heated.
- Avoid to heat, spark,
flame.
Use water spray, foam in
conflagration.
Move containers from fire area if
this can be done without risk.
Do not spread the spillage with
water spray of high pressure.
Avoid to inhalation of hazardous
gas and mist, stand against the
wind
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
15.
Sodium Lauryl
Sulphate(SLS)
It is a crystalline solid with
white to yellowish colour.
Its oral toxicity (LD50) is
1288 mg/kg (Rat).
1. Slightly hazardous in
case of skin contact
(sensitizer).
The substance may be
toxic to skin.
2. Eye contact may result in
damage to eye tissue if
not washed properly.
3. Repeated or prolonged
exposure to the
substance can produce
target organs damage.
3. Repeated exposure to a
highly toxic material may
produce general
deterioration of health by an
accumulation in one or
many human organs.
1) Eye Contact:
Check for and remove any
contact lenses. In case of
contact, immediately flush
eyes with plenty of water for at
least 15 minutes. Cold water
may be used. Get medical
attention.
2) Skin Contact:
In case of contact, immediately
flush skin with plenty of water.
Cover the irritated skin with an
emollient. Remove
contaminated clothing and
shoes. Cold water may be
used. Wash clothing before
reuse. Thoroughly clean
shoes before reuse. Get
medical attention.
3) If inhaled, remove to fresh air.
If not breathing, give artificial
respiration. If breathing is
difficult, give oxygen. Get
medical attention immediately.
4) In case ingestion :- Do NOT
induce vomiting unless
directed to do so by medical
personnel. Never give
anything by mouth to an
unconscious person. If large
quantities of this material are
swallowed, call a physician
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
immediately. Loosen tight
clothing such as a collar, tie,
belt or waistband.
Fire Hazard: It is
combustible at high
temperature. Products of
combustion contents
sulphur oxides which is
toxic and hazardous.
When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of sulphur oxides,
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY
chemical powder.
LARGE FIRE: Use water
spray, fog or foam. Do not use
water jet.
16.
Styrene
(Monomer)
It is a clear, colourless
viscous liquid with aromatic
odour. Its oral toxicity LD50
is 2650 mg/kg (Rat).
Vapour toxicity – Acute LC
50 – 1200 ppm 4 hours (
RAT)
1. Very hazardous in case
of eye contact (irritant).
2. Hazardous in case of
skin contact (irritant,
permeator), of ingestion,
of inhalation.
3. Inflammation of the eye
is characterized by
redness, watering, and
itching.
The substance is toxic
to the nervous system,
upper respiratory tract.
1) Eye Contact:
Check for and remove any
contact lenses. Immediately
flush eyes with running water
for at least 15 minutes,
keeping eyelids open. Cold
water may be used. Do not
use an eye ointment. Seek
medical attention.
2) After contact with skin,
wash immediately with plenty
of water. Gently and
thoroughly wash the
contaminated skin with
running water and non-
abrasive soap. Cover the
irritated skin with an emollient.
If irritation persists, seek
medical attention. Wash
contaminated clothing before
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
5. Repeated or prolonged
exposure to the
substance can produce
target organs
damageThe substance
is toxic to the nervous
system, upper
respiratory tract
6. It is suspected
carcinogenic for
human.
reusing.
3) In case of inhalation,
allow the victim to rest in a
well ventilated area. Seek
immediate medical attention.
4) Ingestion - Do not induce
vomiting. Examine the lips and
mouth to ascertain whether
the tissues are damaged, a
possible indication that the
toxic material was ingested;
the absence of such signs,
however, is not conclusive.
Loosen tight clothing such as
a, belt or waistband. If the
victim is not breathing,
perform mouth-to-mouth
resuscitation. Seek immediate
medical attention.
Fire Hazard: Flammable
with a flashpoint 31.1 to
36.7 °C.
Auto ignition temp of 490
°C.
Flammable in presence of
open flames and sparks.
It has a tendency for
polymerization hence
should be stored below 25
°C.
Flammable liquid, soluble or
dispersed in water.
SMALL FIRE: Use DRY
chemical powder. LARGE FIRE:
Use alcohol foam, water spray
or fog. Cool containing vessels
with water jet in order to prevent
pressure build-up, auto ignition
or explosion.
It’s a colourless liquid with 1) Eye contact: Rinse opened
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
17.
Vinyl Acetate
Monomer(VAM)
sweetish odour. Its oral
toxicity LD50 is 2920 mg/kg
(rat).
1. Harmful if inhaled.
May cause respiratory
irritation. May cause
respiratory irritation.
2. May be harmful if
swallowed
3. Harmful to aquatic life
with long lasting effects.
7. This material like
PVC is Suspected of
causing cancer
eye for several minutes under
running water.
2) Skin contact: Generally the
product does not irritate the
skin. Rinse cautiously with
water for several minutes.
3) Inhalation: Supply fresh air. If
required, provide artificial
respiration. Keep patient
warm. Consult doctor if
symptoms persist. In case of
unconsciousness place
patient stably in side position
for transportation.
4) Ingestion: Rinse out mouth
and then drink plenty of
water. Do not induce
vomiting; call for medical
help immediately. Give
activated carbon, in order to
reduce the resorption in the
gastro-enteric tract.
8. Symptoms of poisoning
may even occur after
several hours; therefore
medical observation for at
least 48 hours after the
accident.
Fire Hazard: It is highly
flammable liquid or in
vapour form. Product is not
explosive. However,
1) Fire fighting - CO₂ , powder
or water spray. Fight larger
fires with water spray or
alcohol resistant foam.
Sr.
No.
Product/ Raw
Material
Hazardous
Characteristics
Mitigation and Control
Measures, Including possible
antidote.
formation of explosive
air/Vapour mixtures are
possible.
Flashpoint: -8 °C. And
Ignition temperature of
425°C
Vapours are heavier than
air and may spread along
floors.
Pay attention to flashback.
Can form explosive gas-air
mixtures.
Container explosion may
occur under fire conditions.
2) Wear positive-pressure self-
contained breathing
apparatus (SCBA) and
protective fire fighting
clothing (includes fire
fighting helmet, coat,
trousers, boots, and
gloves). Do not inhale
explosion gases or
combustion gases. As they
are highly toxic.
Details of the separate isolated storage area for chemicals. Details of fire extinguishers,
flame proof electrical fittings, DCP extinguishers and other safety measures proposed.
The following are the flammable chemicals being handled in the facility:
1. Styrene – Styrene Monomer must be stored below 25°C, away from direct sunlight
in closed containers. Styrene must be stored in well-ventilated areas away from
direct sunlight, ignition sources and other sources of heat. An inhibitor is added in
styrene to prevent it from polymerization during storage. If it is stored at high
temperatures it will initiate polymerization reaction and can lead to explosion.
2. Formaldehyde – Formaldehyde should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area
and properly labelled.
3. Vinyl Acetate monomer – Vinyl acetate monomer is stored in mild steel storage
tanks and/or new or reconditioned steel drums and can be transported by bulk
vessels or tank trucks. It is highly flammable. I should therefore be stored in a cool,
dry, well ventilated area that is free from the risk of ignition.
To store the above chemicals safely a separate storage area will be created in the
facility. This will be well ventilated. A fire water hydrant with a hose will be provided
nearby. The fire water tank will be constructed. If required additional water from the
drinking water and service water tanks will be taken. The pump will have a standby diesel
operated pump. The fire hydrants will be located at 50 meters distance at a strategic
location and the fire water line will be laid around the plant and storage boundary area.
1. Material storage (Raw material & product storage): Chemical types of fire
extinguishers will be located at strategic locations out of which three numbers will be
deployed in the storage area of Styrene, formaldehyde and Vinyl acetate.
2. Production processing area: Dry chemical type fire extinguishers will be deployed.
One near the reactor, second one near the filtration area and third one will be at the
entrance.
3. Electrical Substation and DG set: Toxic and flammable gas detection will be
carried out periodically by use of dragger tubes. And their concentration will be
controlled.
Since flammable gases can be present in the production and styrene/formaldehyde
storage area. The area will be classified as zone 1, and flameproof electrical fittings
will be installed. The motors and other electrical gadgets will also be flameproof.
Action plan for fire
Since there is a chance of a fire in the proposed industry, it is proposed to plan
creation of infrastructure for fire fighting and to tackle such emergencies in centralized
level by Vinayak Industries.
1. A fire water network will be established in the facility.
2. The fire water pump will be operated by emergency power or a standby diesel
operated fire water pump will be installed.
3. Provision of fire water tank with a proposed capacity of Minimum 50 KL.
4. In case of emergency water from overhead service water tank and cooling water
tank can be used.
5. Provision of all fire fighting equipments in the fire station with all the infrastructure
facilities like fire hoses, foam etc.
6. Design of the roads in the proposed industrial estate should be such that fire tender
can easily approach the fire site or unit having emergency
7. Mutual aid agreement with local municipal corporation fire department and other
nearby industries. .
General Guidelines during fire and emergencies
The general guidelines are given in the disaster management plan; however some
of the important points are repeated here
1. Fire Operator/Fireman must be available at fire station till maintenance engineer
take charge from him.
2. The operating plant may be stopped as per instructions of site main controller.
3. All Employees should guide visitors or contractors to approach assembly point.
4. Emergency vehicle should be available near security main gate, and rush to the
emergency control centre at the blowing of emergency siren. The driver of
emergency vehicle will follow the instructions of Incident Controller / Site Main
Controller.
5. The shift engineer/electrician to get ready to manage MCC as per the instructions
Incident Controller.
For communication in case of fire:
Siren.
Intercom sets.
Mobiles
Walkie talkie. ( Wireless sets)
Telephone directory
Company Directory
List of important & Emergency phone numbers.
5.2 Documents for ready reference in the fire control room :
Site plan
Layout plan with hazard zones, assembly points marked and location of siren,
safety/fire system shown (Display).
Stock list of Fire extinguishers
Fire-water system and additional sources of water.
Emergency Response Plan and Company Lay out Plan, Flip chart.
Copy of First Aid procedures
Copy of MSDS of the chemicals stored, handled at site.
Mutual Aid Members list
List of employees and their addresses and phones numbers.
Emergency phone numbers like ambulance, hospital Doctor etc.
Specific safety details / provisions for various hazardous chemicals and detailed fire
control plan for flammable substances.
Some of the chemicals used in Vinayak Industries come under hazardous chemical list as
per schedule-I of MSIHC Rules November-1989 revised in January-2000. So it is essential to
make some specific safety details/ provisions for these hazardous chemicals. This TOR
includes Precaution, Handling, Storage etc. of these hazardous chemical. The hazardous
chemicals used in Vinayak Industries as per MSIHC Rules 2000 are as below.
(1) Acryl amide (Hazardous chemical item no. 11, Schedule 1 Part II
MSIHC)
(2) Formaldehyde (Hazardous chemical item no. 285 in MSIHC)
(3) Maleic anhydride (Hazardous chemical item no. 352 in MSIHC)
(4) Styrene (Hazardous chemical item no. 583 in MSIHC)
(5) Vinyl Acetate Monomer(VAM) (Hazardous chemical item no. 670 in MSIHC)
1. Acryl amide:
Acryl amide (or acrylic amide) is a chemical compound with the chemical
formula C3H5NO. It is a white odorless, crystalline solid, soluble
in water, ethanol, ether, and chloroform. Acryl amide decomposes in the presence
of acids, bases, oxidizing agents, iron, and iron salts. It decomposes non-thermally to
form ammonia, and thermal decomposition products, carbon monoxide, carbon
dioxide, and oxides of nitrogen.
Acryl amide is highly toxic, its oral toxicity LD 50 is 124 mg/Kg (Rat) and 107 mg/Kg
(Mouse). Its dermal toxicity is LD 50 is 400 mg/kg. Even though it is solid, it is
flammable material with the flash point of 138 °C and auto ignition temperature of
424 °C. It classified as an extremely hazardous substance as per MHSIC rules 2000,
item No. 11 , of Schedule 1 , Part II.
The substance can be toxic to peripheral nervous system, central nervous system
(CNS). Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs
damage. Repeated exposure to a highly toxic material can produce general
deterioration of health by an accumulation in one or many human organs. This
substance is also a proven cacogenic for animals and suspected cacogenic for
human beings.
This product is used in Vinayak industries as one of the raw materials for the
manufacture of Textile binders. It will be stored in the 25 kgs bags and maximum 5
tones of this product will be stored at a time.
1.1 Special Storage Requirements:
When working with acryl amide, the area must be labeled with a sign stating
CAUTION, CANCER HAZARD -SELECT CARCINOGEN . The storage space must
also have a similar label, and acryl amide must be stored in a secondary
container.
Since acryl amide is a light sensitive product, it should be stored in light
resistant containers.
It should be stored below 23 °C, and preferably in the refrigerated area.
Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering.
controls to keep airborne levels below recommended exposure limits. If user
operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to
airborne contaminants to a minimum and below the exposure limit
Protective clothing should be worn while handling this to prevent any
possibility of skin contact.
Gloves, apron, boots and a chemical protective suit should be worn when
workers are handling this substance.
Remove all sources of heat and ignition where this product is stored.
1.2 Condition for safe Storage
Acryl amide should be stored in a dark, dry, well ventilated refrigerated area in
tightly sealed containers. It is a Light Sensitive material, May polymerize on
exposure to light
Do not store above 23°C,as it may polymerize violently on melting or when
heated above 50 C.
Storage in an inert atmosphere is recommended.
All electrical fittings in storage areas should be of explosion proof design.
Containers of acryl amide should be protected from physical damage and
should be stored separately from oxidizing agents, heat, sparks, and open
flame.
Empty containers pose a fire risk, should be disposed off suitably.
1.3 Exposure limits: Since it is highly toxic material there are dust, mist exposure
limits are prescribed by OSHA as follows :
TWA – 0.03 mg/M3 for 8 hours
PEL (United States) – 0.3 mg/M3
SKIN TWA – 0.3 mg/M3 for 8 hours
1.4 Medical monitoring of employees/workers working with acryl amide
chemical:
Workers who may be exposed to chemical hazards should be monitored in a
systematic program of medical surveillance that is intended to prevent
occupational injury & disease.
a. Pre-placement medical evaluation: Before a worker is placed in a job with
potential for exposure of acryl amide, a licensed health care professional
should evaluate and document the worker’s baseline health status with
through medical, environmental, and occupational histories, a physical
examination, and physiologic tests appropriate for the anticipating
occupational risks.
b. Periodic medical examination and biological monitoring: Occupational
health interviews and physical examinations should be performed at
regular intervals during the employment period, as mandated by any
applicable federal, state or local standards.
1.5 Handling of Acryl amide:
All management and operating personnel involved in the use or handling of
acryl amide should undergo safety training, in addition to specific task training.
Only experienced well-trained operators should be allowed to receive and
unload acryl amide receptacles.
The management should ensure that emergency response plans have been
made and coordinated with the emergency response local authorities.
Respirators, rubber gauntlets, boots, and full body covering clothing should be
worn while unloading containers containing acryl amide.
No open flame heating allowed in an unloading area.
2. Formaldehyde:
Formaldehyde is a organic compound with the formula CH2O (H-CHO). It is the
simplest of the aldehydes (R-CHO) and is also known by its systematic
name methanal. It is a liquid at room temperature. It is highly toxic with a toxicity
of LD 50 100 ppm (rat) The common name of this substance comes from its
similarity and relation to formic acid. Formaldehyde is more complicated than
many simple carbon compounds in that it adopts several different forms. As a gas,
formaldehyde is colorless and has a characteristic pungent, irritating odor. Very
hazardous in case of eye contact (irritant), of ingestion. Formaldehyde is an irritant
and corrosive to if exposed to any part of the human body especially eyes..
Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching. Severe
over-exposure can result in death.
Fire Hazard:
It is a flammable liquid with a flash point of 50 °C. (open cup)
Flammable limits in air are Lower: 6%, Upper: 36.5 %
Flammable in presence of open flames and sparks, of heat.
Non- explosive in presence of open flames and sparks, of shocks.
Explosive in the form of vapour when exposed to heat of flame.
Health hazard:
It is a highly toxic material as its LD 50 values are low.
Have carcinogenic and Teratogenic effects on humans. formaldehyde to be a
potential occupational carcinogen as defined by the OSHA carcinogen policy.
Very hazardous in case of ingestion, in case of skin contact, eye contact, of
inhalation.
May affect genetic material and cause birth defects.
May cause damage to the following organs: kidneys, liver, central nervous
system
Exposure limits:
STEL: 0.3 (ppm)
TWA: 0.75 ppm
PEL – 0.75 ppm – OSHA.
IDLH -30 ppm as per NIOSH revised IDLH 20 ppm.
2.1 Storage Requirements:
Formaldehyde should be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area and
properly labelled.
Formaldehyde should never be stored in vehicles except to transport to and
from field during sampling operations.
Used formaldehyde, either from spill clean-up or from activities generated
from the process of change-out of sample containers must be stored in a
properly labelled hazardous waste container.
Storage of waste formaldehyde should be in an area not frequented by the
general population or duty workers and should be in an area not subject to
heat cycles and well ventilated.
2.2 Handling of Formaldehyde:
All management and operating personnel involved in the use or handling of
formaldehyde should undergo safety training, in addition to specific task
training.
Only experienced well-trained operators should be allowed to receive and
unload formaldehyde.
The management should ensure that emergency response plans have been
made and coordinated with the emergency response local authorities.
Respirators, rubber gauntlets, boots, and full body covering clothing should
be worn while unloading containers containing formaldehyde.
No open flame allowed in an unloading area.
Use detection tube to determine the concentration of formaldehyde in
workplace area and it should be below the TWA value.
2.3 Medical monitoring of workers/employees working with Formaldehyde:
Workers who may be exposed to chemical hazards should be monitored in a
systematic program of medical surveillance that is intended to prevent
occupational injury & disease.
a. Pre-placement medical evaluation: Before a worker is placed in a job
with potential for exposure of formaldehyde, a licensed health care
professional should evaluate and document the worker’s baseline
health status with through medical, environmental, and occupational
histories, a physical examination, and physiologic tests appropriate for
the anticipating occupational risks.
b. Periodic medical examination and biological monitoring:
Occupational health interviews and physical examinations should be
performed at regular intervals during the employment period.
3. Maleic Anhydride:
Maleic anhydride is a colorless crystalline solid. The crystalline solid is available in
the form of needle, flakes, pellets, rods, briquettes, lumps or a fused mass. It melts
at 52.8 °C. It is produced industrially on a large scale for applications
in coatings and polymers. Shipped both as a solid and in the molten state.
Vapors, fumes and dusts of maleic anhydride strongly irritate the eyes, skin and
mucous membranes. The material is flammable with a Flash point 103.3°C. Auto
ignition temperature 476.6°C.
Used to make paints and plastics and other chemicals. Maleic anhydride may be
used in the synthesis of unsaturated polyester resins and as a reactant in
synthesizing important products such as agricultural chemicals, lubricant additives
and food acidulations.
Fire hazard
May be combustible at high temperature with a flashpoint of 103.33 °C.
Auto ignition temperature is 476.67 °C.
Flammable limits: Lower- 1.4%, Upper- 7.1%
Combustible when exposed to heat or flame.
Material in powder form capable of creating a dust explosion.
Health hazard:
The substance is toxic to lungs, mucous membranes.
Oral toxicity LD50: 481 mg/kg(Rat), Dermal toxicity: 2620 mg/kg(rabbit)
Very hazardous in case of ingestion.
Exposure will cause asthma, dermatitis, and pulmonary Oedema, Tumorigen,
Sternutator
Exposure Limit - TWA: 0.25 (ppm) and (TLV) TWA: 1 (mg/m3) as per NIOSH
IDLH – 10mg/m3 .
3.1 Storage requirements:
Keep ignition sources away - do not smoke. Product dust may form explosive air-
dust mixtures.
Keep containers tightly closed. Store them in cool, dry and well ventilated places.
containers must be properly marked.
Hand-operated / portable fire-fighting equipment should be available in storage
rooms.
Neutral gas blanketing is required inside storage tanks if it is stored in liquid form
at elevated temperature.
3.2 Safe Handling:
Persons with a history of skin sensitization problems or asthma, allergies or
chronic or recurrent respiratory disease should not be employed in any process in
which this product is used.
Do not get in eyes or on skin or clothing. Do not breathe vapor or mist. Do not
ingest.
Adequate ventilation is required where this product handled.
Wear appropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate.
Keep the material in the original container or an approved alternative made from
a compatible material, kept tightly closed when not in use.
Empty containers retain product residue and can be hazardous. Do not reuse
container.
Remove contaminated clothing and protective equipment before entering eating
areas.
Workers should wash hands and face before eating, drinking and smoking. Eating,
drinking and smoking should be prohibited in areas where this material is
handled, stored and processed.
When this product is used in a molten state. Contact may cause thermal burns.
3.3 Medical monitoring of employees/workers working with Maleic anhydride:
Workers who may be exposed to chemical hazards should be monitored in a
systematic program of medical surveillance that is intended to prevent
occupational injury & disease.
a. Preplacement medical evaluation: Before a worker is placed in a job
with potential for exposure of Maleic anhydride, a licensed health care
professional should evaluate and document the worker’s baseline health
status with through medical, environmental, and occupational histories,
a physical examination, and physiologic tests appropriate for the
anticipating occupational risks.
b. Periodic medical examination and biological monitoring: Occupational
health interviews and physical examinations should be performed at
regular intervals during the employment period, as required by factories
act.
4. Styrene:
STYRENE is a colorless, toxic liquid with a strong aromatic odor. It is used to make
rubbers, polymers and copolymers, and polystyrene plastics. Styrene, also known
as vinyl benzene, is a colorless oily liquid that evaporates easily and has a sweet smell,
although high concentrations confer a less pleasant odor. Styrene is primarily used in
the production of polystyrene plastics and resins. Acute (short-term) exposure
to styrene in humans results in mucous membrane and eye irritation, and
gastrointestinal effects.
Fire and Health hazard:
Flammable, with a flashpoint of 31.1 °C. ( closed cup)
Auto ignition temp: 490°C.
Flammable limits: Lower- 1.1%, Upper - 6.1%
Flammable in presence of open flames and sparks. Slightly flammable to
flammable in presence of heat.
Health hazard:
Oral toxicity LD50: 2650 mg/kg(Rat), 316 mg/kg(mouse)
Hazardous in case of skin contact.
Toxic to the nervous system, upper respiratory tract.
Causes Menstrual disorders in human.
Postnatal development injury in animal.
Exposure limits:
TWA: 50 ppm ( 215 mg/m3)
STEL:100 (ppm)
IDLH – 700 ppm – as per NIOSH
PEL – 100 ppm as per OHSA.
4.1 Storage requirements:
Styrene Monomer must be stored below 25°C, away from direct sunlight in
closed containers.
If stored properly, styrene has a shelf life of maximum 6 months. As it has a
polymerization tendency.
Styrene must be stored in well-ventilated areas away from direct sunlight,
ignition sources and other sources of heat.
Styrene has a tendency to polymerize at temperatures above 30 °C. Styrene
temperature should be monitored and controlled to prevent product
temperatures greater than 30°C. Circulation capability is necessary to maintain
appropriate oxygen and inhibitor levels.
Styrene is stabilized with a certain amount of inhibitor to avoid spontaneous
polymerization. The inhibitor used is tert-butylcatechol or similar.
4.2 Handling of Styrene:
All management and operating personnel involved in the use or handling of
styrene should undergo safety training, in addition to specific task training.
Only experienced well-trained operators should be allowed to receive and unload
styrene receptacles.
The management should ensure that emergency response plans have been made
and coordinated with the emergency response local authorities.
Respirators, rubber gauntlets, boots, and full body covering clothing should be
worn while unloading containers containing styrene.
No open flame allowed in an unloading area.
Use detection tube to determine the concentration of styrene in workplace area.
4.3 Medical monitoring of employers/workers working with Styrene:
Workers who may be exposed to chemical hazards should be monitored in a
systematic program of medical surveillance that is intended to prevent
occupational injury & disease.
a. Pre-placement medical evaluation: Before a worker is placed in a job with
potential for exposure of styrene, a licensed health care professional should
evaluate and document the worker’s baseline health status with through
medical, environmental, and occupational histories, a physical examination,
and physiologic tests appropriate for the anticipating occupational risks.
b. Periodic medical examination and biological monitoring: Occupational
health interviews and physical examinations should be performed at regular
intervals during the employment period, as mandated by factories act.
5. Vinyl Acetate Monomer(VAM)
Vinyl acetate is a clear colorless liquid. The liquid as well as vapors are highly
flammable. It has Flash point -8°C and auto ignition temperature of 425° C. VAM is
Slightly soluble in water. Vapors are heavier than air. Vapors irritate the eyes and
respiratory system. May polymerize if heated or contaminated. If polymerization
occurs inside a container, the container may violently rupture or explode.
VAM is used to make adhesives, paints, and plastics.
Polymers made from VAM are used in fabric treatments, pigments and adhesives.
Acute (short-term) inhalation exposure of workers to vinyl acetate has resulted in
eye irritation and upper respiratory tract irritation. Chronic (long-term)
occupational exposure did not result in any severe adverse effects in workers;
some instances of upper respiratory tract irritation, cough, and/or hoarseness
were reported.
Fire Hazard and explosion
Highly flammable liquid and vapor.
Flashpoint: -8° C.
Ignition temp: 425 °C.
The explosive limits are 2.6 (lower) to 13.4 (upper) Vol % in air.
Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces.
Danger of explosion if fluid enters the sewage system.
The container may explode due to self polymerization if not stored at low
temperatures.
Health hazard:
Oral toxicity LD50 : 2920 mg/kg(rat)
Dermal toxicity LD50: 2335 mg/kg(rabbit)
Suspected of causing cancer.
Harmful if inhaled
May be harmful if swallowed
Exposure limits:
STEL : Short term value- 15 ppm 53 mg /M3 . as per ACGIH
TWA - 10 ppm for 8 hours 35 mg /M3 as per ACGIH
REL - 4 ppm, 15 mg/m3 Ceiling (15 Minutes) ( REL – Recommended Exposure
limit as per NIOSH)
5.1 Storage requirements:
Vinyl acetate monomer is stored in mild steel storage tanks and/or new or
reconditioned steel drums and can be transported by bulk vessels or tank
trucks.
It has a specific gravity of 0.933 and a flash point of -8° C (closed cup) and is
highly flammable. It should therefore be stored in a cool, dry, well-ventilated
area that is free from the risk of ignition. The storage temperature should be
between 2 to 8 °C. At higher temp as it has a tendency for polymerization.
Bulk storage systems for VAM should be evaluated prior to use to ensure that
appropriate systems (e.g., temperature monitors, systems to add inhibitor and
mix content of tanks) are available if necessary.
Storage areas should be well ventilated and should be away from strong
oxidizers, heat sources, ignition sources and combustible materials.
Drums of vinyl acetate should be stored out of direct sunlight; the shelf life
decreases with increasing temperature and decreasing inhibitor concentration
5.2 Safe handling of VAM:
Thoroughly review Material Safety Data Sheet before handling product.
Protect small containers from physical damage. Keep containers closed when not
in use. Open containers slowly to allow any excess pressure to vent.
Electrical grounding of storage and containers is a must for avoiding static
electricity generation and spark.
Keep away from heat, sparks, flame or other sources of ignition. Use spark-
resistant tools.
Polymerization may occur under the influence of: light, UV Ray, heat, fire, static
discharge, and depleted inhibitor
The polymer inhibitor for VAM is hydroquinone . Typically 3-5 ppm hydroquinone
(HQ) for regional shipments and up to 25 ppm HQ for long-range shipment.
Use proper electrical grounding and bonding procedures when loading,
unloading and transferring.
Use only non-sparking tools and equipment, especially when opening and closing
containers of Vinyl acetate.
Electrical equipment and circuits in all storage and handling areas must be
flameproof fittings.
5.3 Medical monitoring of employers/workers working with Vinyl acetate
monomer:
Workers who may be exposed to chemical hazards should be monitored
in a systematic program of medical surveillance that is intended to prevent
occupational injury & disease.
a. Preplacement medical evaluation: Before a worker is placed in a job with
potential for exposure of Vinyl acetate, a licensed health care professional
should evaluate and document the worker’s baseline health status with
through medical, environmental, and occupational histories, a physical
examination, and physiologic tests appropriate for the anticipating
occupational risks.
b. Periodic medical examination and biological monitoring: Occupational health
interviews and physical examinations should be performed at regular intervals
during the employment period, as mandated by Gujarat factories act and rules.
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Safety Data Sheetaccording to Globally Harmonized System (GHS)
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39.4.1
1 Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking
· Product identifier· Trade name: Vinyl Acetate
· Synonyms:Vinyl acetate monomer; VAM; Acetic Acid Vinyl Ester Monomer; Acetic acid, vinyl ester; 1-Acetoxyethylene; Ethenyl acetate; Ethenyl ethanoate; Vinyl a monomer; Vinyl ethanoate; Acetate de vinyle;Acetic acid, ethenyl ester; Acetic acid, ethylene ester· CAS Number:108-05-4
· Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against : · Identified/Recommended uses:Manufacture of industrial substancesChemical for synthesisRaw Material for:Monomer for the preparation of CopolymerResinAdhesiveCoating materialPolyvinyl Alcohol, Polyvinyl Butyral, Vinyl Acetate Emulsion, Vnayl Acetate-Ethylene Co-Polymer (EVAResin, VAE Emulsion), Vinyl Acetate and acrylic acid, Crotonic acid, Maleic acid, Alcoholysis of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer
· Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet· Manufacturer/Supplier:Dairen Chemical Corporation9th Fl., No. 301, SongJiang Rd.Taipei City, 10483, TAIWANTel: +886-2-7743-1500 Fax: +886-2-2509-9619www.dcc.com.tw
· Further information obtainable from: Respective plant's environmental, health, and safety (EHS) Dept.· Emergency telephone number: +886-2-7743-1500 (08:30-17:30; GMT+8)
2 Hazards identification
· Classification of the substance or mixture
Flam. Liq. 2 H225 Highly flammable liquid and vapour.
Carc. 2 H351 Suspected of causing cancer.
Acute Tox. 4 H332 Harmful if inhaled.
STOT SE 3 H335 May cause respiratory irritation.
Acute Tox. 5 H303 May be harmful if swallowed.
Aquatic Chronic 3 H412 Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects.
· Label elements· GHS label elementsThe substance is classified and labelled according to the Globally Harmonised System (GHS).· Hazard pictograms
GHS02 GHS07 GHS08
· Signal word Danger
· Hazard-determining components of labelling:vinyl acetate
(Contd. on page 2)
GHS
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Trade name: Vinyl Acetate
(Contd. of page 1)
39.4.1
· Hazard statementsHighly flammable liquid and vapour.May be harmful if swallowed.Harmful if inhaled.Suspected of causing cancer.May cause respiratory irritation.Harmful to aquatic life with long lasting effects.· Precautionary statementsKeep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/equipment.Avoid breathing dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.IF ON SKIN (or hair): Remove/Take off immediately all contaminated clothing. Rinse skin with water/shower.Store locked up.Dispose of contents/container in accordance with local/regional/national/international regulations.· Other hazards None Known.
3 Composition/information on ingredients
· Chemical characterisation: Substances· CAS No. Description108-05-4 vinyl acetate >99%· Identification number(s)· EC number: 203-545-4· Index number: 607-023-00-0
4 First aid measures
· Description of first aid measures· General information:Symptoms of poisoning may even occur after several hours; therefore medical observation for at least 48hours after the accident.· After inhalation:Supply fresh air. If required, provide artificial respiration. Keep patient warm. Consult doctor if symptomspersist.In case of unconsciousness place patient stably in side position for transportation.· After skin contact:Generally the product does not irritate the skin.Rinse cautiously with water for several minutes.· After eye contact: Rinse opened eye for several minutes under running water.· After swallowing:Rinse out mouth and then drink plenty of water.Do not induce vomiting; call for medical help immediately.Give activated carbon, in order to reduce the resorption in the gastro-enteric tract.· Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayedDiszinessBreathing difficultyHeadacheGastric or intestinal disordersCoughingIrritant effectsDrying-out effect resulting in rough and chapped skin.
(Contd. on page 3)
GHS
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Trade name: Vinyl Acetate
(Contd. of page 2)
39.4.1
· Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment neededTreatment of exposure should be directed at the control of symptoms and the clinical condition of thepatient.
5 Firefighting measures
· Extinguishing media· Suitable extinguishing agents:CO₂, powder or water spray. Fight larger fires with water spray or alcohol resistant foam.· For safety reasons unsuitable extinguishing agents: Water with full jet· Special hazards arising from the substance or mixtureVapours are heavier than air and may spread along floors.Pay attention to flashback.Can form explosive gas-air mixtures.Container explosion may occur under fire conditions.Under certain fire conditions, traces of other toxic gases cannot be excluded.· Advice for firefighters· Protective equipment:Wear positive-pressure self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) and protective fire fighting clothing(includes fire fighting helmet, coat, trousers, boots, and gloves).Do not inhale explosion gases or combustion gases.· Additional informationCool endangered receptacles with water spray.Collect contaminated fire fighting water separately. It must not enter the sewage system.
6 Accidental release measures
· Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency proceduresEnsure adequate ventilationKeep people at a distance and stay on the windward side.Do not breathe dust/fume/gas/mist/vapours/spray.Wear protective equipment. Keep unprotected persons away.· Environmental precautions: Do not allow to enter sewers/ surface or ground water.· Methods and material for containment and cleaning up:Allow to solidify. Pick up mechanically.Absorb with liquid-binding material (sand, diatomite, acid binders, universal binders, sawdust).Dispose contaminated material as waste according to item 13.Ensure adequate ventilation.· Reference to other sectionsSee Section 7 for information on safe handling.See Section 8 for information on personal protection equipment.See Section 13 for disposal information.
7 Handling and storage
· Precautions for safe handlingEnsure good ventilation/exhaustion at the workplace.Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. - No smoking.Avoid breathing vapor.Take measures to prevent the build up of electrostatic charge.· Information about fire - and explosion protection:Danger of explosion if fluid enters the sewage system.Keep ignition sources away - Do not smoke.
(Contd. on page 4)
GHS
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(Contd. of page 3)
39.4.1
Protect against electrostatic charges.
· Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities· Storage:· Requirements to be met by storerooms and receptacles:Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed receptacles.Containers which are opened must be carefully resealed and kept upright to prevent leakage.· Information about storage in one common storage facility:Do not store together with reducing agents, heavy-metal compounds, acids and alkalis.· Further information about storage conditions:Store at 2 °C to 8 °CKeep container tightly sealed.Store in cool, dry conditions in well sealed receptacles.
8 Exposure controls/personal protection
· Additional information about design of technical facilities:Use local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to maintain airborne levels below exposure limitrequirements or guidelines.Technical measures and appropriate working operations should be given priority over the use of personalprotective equipment.
· Control parameters
· Ingredients with limit values that require monitoring at the workplace:
108-05-4 vinyl acetate
IOELV (EU) Short-term value: 35,2 mg/m³, 10 ppmLong-term value: 17,6 mg/m³, 5 ppm
TLV (Korea) Short-term value: 15 ppmLong-term value: 10 ppm
· Workers:DNEL (inhalation, chronic effects systemic): 17,6 mg/m³DNEL (inhalation, acute effects systemic): 35,2 mg/m³DNEL (inhalation, chronic effects local): 17,6 mg/m³DNEL (inhalation, acute effects local): 35,2 mg/m³DNEL (oral, chronic effects systemic): 0,42 mg/kg bw/day
· PNECsPNEC(fresh water): 0,016 mg/l with assessment factor of 10PNEC (marine water): 0,0016 mg/l with assessment factor of 100PNEC (intermittent release): 0,126 mg/l with assessment factor of 100PNEC (sewage treatment plant; STP): 6 mg/l with assessment factor of 1PNEC (freshwater sediments): 0,067 mg/kg sediment dwPNEC (marine sediments): 0,0067 mg/kg sediment dwPNEC (soil): 0,0035 mg/kg soil dw
· Exposure controls· Personal protective equipment:· General protective and hygienic measures:Keep away from foodstuffs, beverages and feed.Immediately remove all soiled and contaminated clothingWash hands before breaks and at the end of work.Be sure to clean skin thoroughly after work and before breaks.Ensure that washing facilities are available at the work place.
· Respiratory protection:Short term filter device:
(Contd. on page 5)
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(Contd. of page 4)
39.4.1
Filter A/P2In case of brief exposure or low pollution use respiratory filter device. In case of intensive or longerexposure use self-contained respiratory protective device.
· Protection of hands:
Protective gloves
The selected protective gloves have to satisfy the specifications of standard EN 374 or its equivalent.Replace gloves immediately when torn or any change in appearance (dimension, colour, flexibility etc) isnoticed.The glove material has to be impermeable and resistant to the product/ the substance/ the preparation.Selection of the glove material on consideration of the penetration times, rates of diffusion and thedegradation· Material of glovesSplash Contact:Butyl rubber, BRRecommended thickness of the material: ≥ 0,7 mmThe selection of the suitable gloves does not only depend on the material, but also on further marks ofquality and varies from manufacturer to manufacturer.· Penetration time of glove materialSplash Contact:Break through time: > 240 minThe exact break through time has to be found out by the manufacturer of the protective gloves and has tobe observed.
· Eye protection:
Safety glasses with side shields conforming to EN166, ANSI 87.1-2010, or equivalent.
· Body protection:Flame retardant antistatic protective clothingThe type of protective equipment must be selected according to the concentration and amount of thedangerous substance at the specific workplace.
9 Physical and chemical properties
· Information on basic physical and chemical properties· General Information· Appearance:
Form: LiquidColour: Colourless
· Odour: Sweetish
· pH-value: Not determined.
· Change in conditionMelting point/Melting range: -93,2 °CBoiling point/Boiling range: 73 °C
· Flash point: -8 °C (closed cup)
· Flammability (solid, gaseous): Not applicable.
· Ignition temperature: 425 °C(Contd. on page 6)
GHS
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(Contd. of page 5)
39.4.1
· Decomposition temperature: Not determined.
· Self-igniting: Not determined.
· Danger of explosion: Product is not explosive. However, formation of explosive air/vapour mixtures are possible.
· Explosion limits:Lower: 2,6 Vol %Upper: 13,4 Vol %
· Vapour pressure at 20 °C: 111 hPa
· Density at 20 °C: 0,932 g/cm³· Relative density at 20 °C 0,932· Vapour density 3,0· Evaporation rate Not determined.
· Solubility in / Miscibility withwater at 20 °C: 20 g/l
· Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water): 0,73 log POW
· Viscosity:Dynamic: Not determined.Kinematic: Not determined.
· Solvent content:Organic solvents: 0,0 %VOC (EC) 0,00 %
· Other information No further relevant information available.
10 Stability and reactivity
· ReactivityWhen properly handled and stored, no dangerous reaction is known.Vapour may form explosive mixture with air.· Chemical stabilityThis product is stable under prescribed use and storage.Heat-sensitiveSensitivity to light.Sensitive to moisture.Unstable upon depletion of inhibitor.Stabilizer: Hydroquinone· Thermal decomposition / conditions to be avoided:No decomposition if used according to specifications.To avoid thermal decomposition do not overheat.· Possibility of hazardous reactionsDanger of polymerisation.Polymerization may occur under the influence of:light, UV Ray, heat, fire, static discharge, and depleted inhibitor
Exothermic reaction with:TolueneAcids.strong alkalisAldehydeAuminium oxideswater
(Contd. on page 7)
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39.4.1
Risk of explosion with:Hydrogen peroxidePeroxi compoundsOxygenPolymerization initiators· Conditions to avoidAvoid static discharge.WarmingHeatingExposure to light.Temperatures above 30 °C.Protect from heat. Keep ignition sources away.· Incompatible materials:Acids.BasesStrong oxidizing agentsPeroxidesAmines.Azo compoundEthyleneimine (Aziridine)EthylenediamineOzone· Hazardous decomposition products:Carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂)AcetaldehydeAcetic AcidDecomposition products depend upon temperature, air supply and the presence of other materials.
11 Toxicological information
· Information on toxicological effects
· Acute toxicity:Harmful if inhaled.May be harmful if swallowed.
· LD/LC50 values relevant for classification:
108-05-4 vinyl acetate
Oral LD50 2920 mg/kg (rat)
Dermal LD50 2335 mg/kg (rabbit)
Inhalative LC50/4 h 14,1 mg/l (rat)
· Skin corrosion/irritation:Not classified based on available data.Rabbit: not irritating (OECD Test Guideline 404)· Serious eye damage/eye irritation:Not classified based on available data.Rabbit: not irritating (OECD Test Guideline 405)· Respiratory or skin sensitization:Not classified based on available data.Mice (Local Lymph Node Assay): Not sensitizing to the skin (OECD Test Guideline 403)· Germ Cell Mutagenicity:Not classified based on available data.In-vitro genotoxicity (non-mammalian cells): negative (OECD 471)In-vivo genotoxicity (mouse): negative (Test Method: N/A)
(Contd. on page 8)
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(Contd. of page 7)
39.4.1
· Carcinogenicity:Suspected of causing cancer.Mouse (oral, long-term exposure): positive (OECD Guideline 453)· Reproductive Toxicity:Not classified based on available data.Rat - Negative (OECD 416)· Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Single Exposure (STOT SE):May cause respiratory irritation.May cause drowsiness or dizziness.· Specific Target Organ Toxicity - Repeated Exposure (STOT RE):Not classified based on available data.· Aspiration Hazard: Not classified based on available data.
· Primary irritant effect:· on the skin: No irritating effect.· on the eye: No irritating effect.· Sensitisation: No sensitising effects known.· CMR effects (carcinogenity, mutagenicity and toxicity for reproduction)Carc. 2
12 Ecological information
· Toxicity· Aquatic toxicity:Not classified based on available data.EC50 (Daphnia Magna, 24hr): 24 mg/L (OECD 202)ErC50 (alga, 72hr): 12,7 mg/L (OECD 201)NOEC (fish, 34d): 0,16 mg/L (OECD 210)
· Persistence and degradabilityEasily biodegradableDegradation : 82% (14d, OECD 301C)
· Bioaccumulative potentialBioaccumulation is unlikely.Bioconcentration Factor (BCF) : 3,16Partition coefficient, n-octanol/water (log Pow) : 0,73
· Mobility in soilHenry's Law Constant (H) : 56,1 Pa/m3.mol. .Partition coefficient, soil organic carbon/water (Koc) : ~60 ; log Koc: 1,7· Additional ecological information:· General notes:Water hazard class 2 (German Regulation) (Assessment by list): hazardous for waterDo not allow product to reach ground water, water course or sewage system.Danger to drinking water if even small quantities leak into the ground.
· Results of PBT and vPvB assessmentSubstance does not meet the criteria for PBT or vPvB according to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006, AnnexXIII.· Other adverse effects No further relevant information available.
GHS
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Safety Data Sheetaccording to Globally Harmonized System (GHS)
Printing date 27.09.2014 Revision: 27.09.2014
Trade name: Vinyl Acetate
(Contd. of page 8)
39.4.1
13 Disposal considerations
· Waste treatment methods· RecommendationAfter prior treatment product has to be disposed of in an incinerator for hazardous waste adhering to theregulations pertaining to the disposal of particularly hazardous waste.Contact waste processors for recycling information.Must not be disposed together with household garbage. Do not allow product to reach sewage system.Any disposal method should also comply with national, regional, provincial, and local laws.
· Uncleaned packaging:· Recommendation:Empty contaminated packagings thoroughly. They may be recycled after thorough and proper cleaning.Disposal must be made according to official regulations.
14 Transport information
· UN-Number· ADR, IMDG, IATA UN1301· UN proper shipping name· ADR 1301 VINYL ACETATE, STABILIZED· IMDG, IATA VINYL ACETATE, STABILIZED· Transport hazard class(es)
· ADR, IMDG, IATA
· Class 3 Flammable liquids.· Label 3 · Packing group· ADR, IMDG, IATA II· Environmental hazards:· Marine pollutant: No· Special precautions for user Warning: Flammable liquids.· Danger code (Kemler): 339· EMS Number: F-E,S-D
· Transport/Additional information:
· ADR· Limited quantities (LQ) 1L· Transport category 2 · Tunnel restriction code D/E· UN "Model Regulation": UN1301, VINYL ACETATE, STABILIZED, 3, II
15 Regulatory information
· Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or mixture
· Status of global inventories:All component(s) within this product is listed or exempted from the following country’s chemical inventory:USA – TSCAAustralia – AICSCanada – DSLChina – IECSC
(Contd. on page 10)
GHS
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Safety Data Sheetaccording to Globally Harmonized System (GHS)
Printing date 27.09.2014 Revision: 27.09.2014
Trade name: Vinyl Acetate
(Contd. of page 9)
39.4.1
EU – EINECS/NLPJapan – ENCSKorea – KECINew Zealand – NZIoCPhilippines – PICCSTaiwan – ECSI
· Chemical safety assessment: A Chemical Safety Assessment has been carried out.
16 Other information
· Abbreviations and acronyms:ADR: Accord européen sur le transport des marchandises dangereuses par Route (European Agreement concerning theInternational Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road)IMDG: International Maritime Code for Dangerous GoodsIATA: International Air Transport AssociationEINECS: European Inventory of Existing Commercial Chemical SubstancesELINCS: European LIst of Notified Chemical SubstancesCAS: Chemical Abstracts Service (division of the American Chemical Society)VOC: Volatile Organic Compounds (USA, EU)PNEC: Predicted No-Effect Concentration (REACH)LC50: Lethal concentration, 50 percentLD50: Lethal dose, 50 percentFlam. Liq. 2: Flammable liquids, Hazard Category 2Acute Tox. 5: Acute toxicity, Hazard Category 5Acute Tox. 4: Acute toxicity, Hazard Category 4Carc. 2: Carcinogenicity, Hazard Category 2STOT SE 3: Specific target organ toxicity - Single exposure, Hazard Category 3Aquatic Chronic 3: Hazardous to the aquatic environment - Chronic Hazard, Category 3
· SourcesMost toxicological and eco-toxicological data are obtained from European Chemical Agency (ECHA)'spublic dissemination website.http://apps.echa.europa.eu/registered/data/dossiers/DISS-9d9a90f3-faa1-6aae-e044-00144f67d249/DISS-9d9a90f3-faa1-6aae-e044-00144f67d249 DISS-9d9a90f3-faa1-6aae-e044-00144f67d249.html
· General Disclaimers:DCC Group recommends that all the users/customers/recipients to study this Safety Data Sheet (SDS)carefully and understand all the data or any potential hazards associated with this product. Please consultwith appropriate expert if necessary. The information herein is provided in good faith and is believed to beaccurate on the date of issue. No warranty, expressed or implied, is given. It is the customer’s/user’sresponsibility to ensure that they are complying with local, regional, state, provincial, and/or national laws inusing this product, as regulatory requirement may differ at each level. It is also the customer’s/user’sresponsibility to determine the necessary condition required for using this product safely, as actualoperating or usage conditions are beyond DCC Group’s control. DCC Group will not be responsible for anySDS obtained from elsewhere other than from DCC Group. If you are unsure whether the SDS you have iscurrent or have obtained the SDS from another source; please contact us to obtain the latest version.
GHS
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Material Safety Data SheetStyrene (monomer) MSDS
Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification
Product Name: Styrene (monomer)
Catalog Codes: SLS2512, SLU1027
CAS#: 100-42-5
RTECS: WL3675000
TSCA: TSCA 8(b) inventory: Styrene (monomer)
CI#: Not available.
Synonym: Vinylbenzene
Chemical Formula: C8H8
Contact Information:
Sciencelab.com, Inc.14025 Smith Rd.Houston, Texas 77396
US Sales: 1-800-901-7247International Sales: 1-281-441-4400
Order Online: ScienceLab.com
CHEMTREC (24HR Emergency Telephone), call:1-800-424-9300
International CHEMTREC, call: 1-703-527-3887
For non-emergency assistance, call: 1-281-441-4400
Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients
Composition:
Name CAS # % by Weight
Styrene (monomer) 100-42-5 100
Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Styrene (monomer): ORAL (LD50): Acute: 2650 mg/kg [Rat]. 316 mg/kg [Mouse].VAPOR (LC50): Acute: 12000 ppm 4 hour(s) [Rat]. 9500 ppm 4 hour(s) [Mouse].
Section 3: Hazards Identification
Potential Acute Health Effects:Very hazardous in case of eye contact (irritant). Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of ingestion, ofinhalation. Inflammation of the eye is characterized by redness, watering, and itching.
Potential Chronic Health Effects:CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified + (PROVEN) by OSHA. Classified 2B (Possible for human.) by IARC. A4 (Notclassifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS: Notavailable. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance is toxic to the nervous system, upper respiratory tract.Repeated or prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage.
Section 4: First Aid Measures
Eye Contact:
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Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelidsopen. Cold water may be used. Do not use an eye ointment. Seek medical attention.
Skin Contact:After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of water. Gently and thoroughly wash the contaminated skin with runningwater and non-abrasive soap. Be particularly careful to clean folds, crevices, creases and groin. Cover the irritated skin with anemollient. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. Wash contaminated clothing before reusing.
Serious Skin Contact:Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate medicalattention.
Inhalation: Allow the victim to rest in a well ventilated area. Seek immediate medical attention.
Serious Inhalation: Not available.
Ingestion:Do not induce vomiting. Examine the lips and mouth to ascertain whether the tissues are damaged, a possible indication thatthe toxic material was ingested; the absence of such signs, however, is not conclusive. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar,tie, belt or waistband. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek immediate medical attention.
Serious Ingestion: Not available.
Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data
Flammability of the Product: Flammable.
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 490°C (914°F)
Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: 31.1°C (88°F). (Cleveland) OPEN CUP: 36.7°C (98.1°F) (TAG).
Flammable Limits: LOWER: 1.1% UPPER: 6.1%
Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2).
Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:Flammable in presence of open flames and sparks. Slightly flammable to flammable in presence of heat.
Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available. Risks of explosion of the product inpresence of static discharge: Not available.
Fire Fighting Media and Instructions:Flammable liquid, soluble or dispersed in water. SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use alcohol foam,water spray or fog. Cool containing vessels with water jet in order to prevent pressure build-up, autoignition or explosion.
Special Remarks on Fire Hazards: Not available.
Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Not available.
Section 6: Accidental Release Measures
Small Spill: Absorb with an inert material and put the spilled material in an appropriate waste disposal.
Large Spill:Flammable liquid. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Stop leak if without risk. Absorb with DRY earth,sand or other non-combustible material. Do not touch spilled material. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confinedareas; dike if needed. Eliminate all ignition sources. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level aboveTLV. Check TLV on the MSDS and with local authorities.
Section 7: Handling and Storage
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Precautions:Keep locked up Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Ground all equipment containing material. Donot ingest. Do not breathe gas/fumes/ vapour/spray. In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment Ifingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes
Storage:Flammable materials should be stored in a separate safety storage cabinet or room. Keep away from heat. Keep away fromsources of ignition. Keep container tightly closed. Keep in a cool, well-ventilated place. Ground all equipment containingmaterial. A refrigerated room would be preferable for materials with a flash point lower than 37.8°C (100°F).
Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Engineering Controls:Provide exhaust ventilation or other engineering controls to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors below their respectivethreshold limit value. Ensure that eyewash stations and safety showers are proximal to the work-station location.
Personal Protection:Splash goggles. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Gloves.
Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill:Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used to avoidinhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handling thisproduct.
Exposure Limits:TWA: 50 STEL: 100 (ppm) TWA: 213 STEL: 426 (mg/m3) Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits.
Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical state and appearance: Liquid. (Clear viscous liquid.)
Odor: Sweetish. Aromatic.
Taste: Not available.
Molecular Weight: 104.14 g/mole
Color: Colorless.
pH (1% soln/water): Not available.
Boiling Point: 145.2°C (293.4°F)
Melting Point: -30.6°C (-23.1°F)
Critical Temperature: Not available.
Specific Gravity: 0.906 (Water = 1)
Vapor Pressure: 4.5 mm of Hg (@ 20°C)
Vapor Density: 3.59 (Air = 1)
Volatility: Not available.
Odor Threshold: 0.1 ppm
Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: The product is equally soluble in oil and water; log(oil/water) = 0
Ionicity (in Water): Not available.
Dispersion Properties: Not available.
Solubility: Very slightly soluble in cold water.
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Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data
Stability: The product is stable.
Instability Temperature: Not available.
Conditions of Instability: Not available.
Incompatibility with various substances: Not available.
Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass.
Special Remarks on Reactivity: Not available.
Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available.
Polymerization: No.
Section 11: Toxicological Information
Routes of Entry: Dermal contact. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion.
Toxicity to Animals:WARNING: THE LC50 VALUES HEREUNDER ARE ESTIMATED ON THE BASIS OF A 4-HOUR EXPOSURE. Acute oraltoxicity (LD50): 316 mg/kg [Mouse]. Acute toxicity of the vapor (LC50): 9500 ppm 4 hour(s) [Mouse].
Chronic Effects on Humans:CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Classified + (PROVEN) by OSHA. Classified 2B (Possible for human.) by IARC. A4 (Notclassifiable for human or animal.) by ACGIH. The substance is toxic to the nervous system, upper respiratory tract.
Other Toxic Effects on Humans: Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of ingestion, of inhalation.
Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available.
Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans:Animal embryotoxic. Postnatal development injury in animal. Menstrual disorders in human. Human: passes the placentalbarrier, detected in maternal milk.
Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Not available.
Section 12: Ecological Information
Ecotoxicity: Not available.
BOD5 and COD: Not available.
Products of Biodegradation:Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise.
Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The products of degradation are more toxic.
Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available.
Section 13: Disposal Considerations
Waste Disposal:
Section 14: Transport Information
DOT Classification: Class 3: Flammable liquid.
p. 5
Identification: : Styrene monomer, inhibited : UN2055 PG: III
Special Provisions for Transport: Marine Pollutant
Section 15: Other Regulatory Information
Federal and State Regulations:Pennsylvania RTK: Styrene (monomer) Florida: Styrene (monomer) Minnesota: Styrene (monomer) Massachusetts RTK:Styrene (monomer) New Jersey: Styrene (monomer) TSCA 8(b) inventory: Styrene (monomer) SARA 313 toxic chemicalnotification and release reporting: Styrene (monomer) CERCLA: Hazardous substances.: Styrene (monomer)
Other Regulations: OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).
Other Classifications:
WHMIS (Canada):CLASS B-2: Flammable liquid with a flash point lower than 37.8°C (100°F). CLASS D-2A: Material causing other toxic effects(VERY TOXIC).
DSCL (EEC):R10- Flammable. R38- Irritating to skin. R41- Risk of serious damage to eyes. R45- May cause cancer.
HMIS (U.S.A.):
Health Hazard: 2
Fire Hazard: 3
Reactivity: 0
Personal Protection: h
National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.):
Health: 2
Flammability: 3
Reactivity: 2
Specific hazard:
Protective Equipment:Gloves. Lab coat. Vapor respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wear appropriate respiratorwhen ventilation is inadequate. Splash goggles.
Section 16: Other Information
References: Not available.
Other Special Considerations: Not available.
Created: 10/09/2005 06:40 PM
Last Updated: 05/21/2013 12:00 PM
The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, wemake no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assumeno liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the information fortheir particular purposes. In no event shall ScienceLab.com be liable for any claims, losses, or damages of any third party or forlost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary damages, howsoever arising, even if ScienceLab.comhas been advised of the possibility of such damages.
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Material Safety Data SheetMaleic anhydride MSDS
Section 1: Chemical Product and Company Identification
Product Name: Maleic anhydride
Catalog Codes: SLM1405
CAS#: 108-31-6
RTECS: ON3675000
TSCA: TSCA 8(b) inventory: Maleic anhydride
CI#: Not applicable.
Synonym: Toxilic anhydride
Chemical Name: 2,5-Furandione
Chemical Formula: C4H2O3
Contact Information:
Sciencelab.com, Inc.14025 Smith Rd.Houston, Texas 77396
US Sales: 1-800-901-7247International Sales: 1-281-441-4400
Order Online: ScienceLab.com
CHEMTREC (24HR Emergency Telephone), call:1-800-424-9300
International CHEMTREC, call: 1-703-527-3887
For non-emergency assistance, call: 1-281-441-4400
Section 2: Composition and Information on Ingredients
Composition:
Name CAS # % by Weight
Maleic anhydride 108-31-6 100
Toxicological Data on Ingredients: Maleic anhydride: ORAL (LD50): Acute: 481 mg/kg [Rat.]. DERMAL (LD50): Acute: 2620mg/kg [Rabbit.].
Section 3: Hazards Identification
Potential Acute Health Effects:Very hazardous in case of ingestion. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of eye contact (irritant), ofinhalation. Corrosive to eyes and skin. The amount of tissue damage depends on length of contact. Eye contact can result incorneal damage or blindness. Skin contact can produce inflammation and blistering. Inhalation of dust will produce irritationto gastro-intestinal or respiratory tract, characterized by burning, sneezing and coughing. Severe over-exposure can producelung damage, choking, unconsciousness or death.
Potential Chronic Health Effects:Very hazardous in case of ingestion. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of eye contact (irritant), ofinhalation. CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. MUTAGENIC EFFECTS: Not available. TERATOGENIC EFFECTS:Not available. DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY: Not available. The substance is toxic to lungs, mucous membranes. Repeatedor prolonged exposure to the substance can produce target organs damage. Repeated exposure of the eyes to a low level ofdust can produce eye irritation. Repeated skin exposure can produce local skin destruction, or dermatitis. Repeated inhalationof dust can produce varying degree of respiratory irritation or lung damage.
p. 2
Section 4: First Aid Measures
Eye Contact:Check for and remove any contact lenses. Immediately flush eyes with running water for at least 15 minutes, keeping eyelidsopen. Cold water may be used. Do not use an eye ointment. Seek medical attention.
Skin Contact:If the chemical got onto the clothed portion of the body, remove the contaminated clothes as quickly as possible, protectingyour own hands and body. Place the victim under a deluge shower. If the chemical got on the victim's exposed skin, suchas the hands : Gently and thoroughly wash the contaminated skin with running water and non-abrasive soap. Be particularlycareful to clean folds, crevices, creases and groin. Cold water may be used. If irritation persists, seek medical attention. Washcontaminated clothing before reusing.
Serious Skin Contact:Wash with a disinfectant soap and cover the contaminated skin with an anti-bacterial cream. Seek immediate medicalattention.
Inhalation: Allow the victim to rest in a well ventilated area. Seek immediate medical attention.
Serious Inhalation:Evacuate the victim to a safe area as soon as possible. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar, tie, belt or waistband. Ifbreathing is difficult, administer oxygen. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. WARNING: It maybe hazardous to the person providing aid to give mouth-to-mouth resuscitation when the inhaled material is toxic, infectious orcorrosive. Seek immediate medical attention.
Ingestion:Do not induce vomiting. Examine the lips and mouth to ascertain whether the tissues are damaged, a possible indication thatthe toxic material was ingested; the absence of such signs, however, is not conclusive. Loosen tight clothing such as a collar,tie, belt or waistband. If the victim is not breathing, perform mouth-to-mouth resuscitation. Seek immediate medical attention.
Serious Ingestion: Not available.
Section 5: Fire and Explosion Data
Flammability of the Product: May be combustible at high temperature.
Auto-Ignition Temperature: 476.67°C (890°F)
Flash Points: CLOSED CUP: 103.33°C (218°F).
Flammable Limits: LOWER: 1.4% UPPER: 7.1%
Products of Combustion: These products are carbon oxides (CO, CO2).
Fire Hazards in Presence of Various Substances: Not available.
Explosion Hazards in Presence of Various Substances:Risks of explosion of the product in presence of mechanical impact: Not available. Risks of explosion of the product inpresence of static discharge: Not available.
Fire Fighting Media and Instructions:SMALL FIRE: Use DRY chemical powder. LARGE FIRE: Use water spray, fog or foam. Do not use water jet.
Special Remarks on Fire Hazards:Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. Material in powder form, capable of creating a dust explosion. When heated todecomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Special Remarks on Explosion Hazards: Not available.
Section 6: Accidental Release Measures
Small Spill: Use appropriate tools to put the spilled solid in a convenient waste disposal container.
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Large Spill:Corrosive solid. Stop leak if without risk. Do not get water inside container. Do not touch spilled material. Use water spray toreduce vapors. Prevent entry into sewers, basements or confined areas; dike if needed. Eliminate all ignition sources. Callfor assistance on disposal. Be careful that the product is not present at a concentration level above TLV. Check TLV on theMSDS and with local authorities.
Section 7: Handling and Storage
Precautions:Keep container dry. Keep away from heat. Keep away from sources of ignition. Empty containers pose a fire risk, evaporatethe residue under a fume hood. Ground all equipment containing material. Do not ingest. Do not breathe dust. Never addwater to this product Wear suitable protective clothing In case of insufficient ventilation, wear suitable respiratory equipment Ifingested, seek medical advice immediately and show the container or the label. Avoid contact with skin and eyes Keep awayfrom incompatibles such as oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, moisture.
Storage:Keep container dry. Keep in a cool place. Ground all equipment containing material. Corrosive materials should be stored in aseparate safety storage cabinet or room.
Section 8: Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
Engineering Controls:Use process enclosures, local exhaust ventilation, or other engineering controls to keep airborne levels below recommendedexposure limits. If user operations generate dust, fume or mist, use ventilation to keep exposure to airborne contaminantsbelow the exposure limit.
Personal Protection:Splash goggles. Synthetic apron. Vapor and dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent.Gloves.
Personal Protection in Case of a Large Spill:Splash goggles. Full suit. Vapor and dust respirator. Boots. Gloves. A self contained breathing apparatus should be used toavoid inhalation of the product. Suggested protective clothing might not be sufficient; consult a specialist BEFORE handlingthis product.
Exposure Limits:TWA: 0.25 (ppm) from ACGIH (TLV) TWA: 1 (mg/m3) from ACGIH Consult local authorities for acceptable exposure limits.
Section 9: Physical and Chemical Properties
Physical state and appearance: Solid. (Crystals solid.)
Odor: Not available.
Taste: Not available.
Molecular Weight: 98.06 g/mole
Color: White.
pH (1% soln/water): 7 [Neutral.]
Boiling Point: 202°C (395.6°F)
Melting Point: 52.8°C (127°F)
Critical Temperature: Not available.
Specific Gravity: 1.48 (Water = 1)
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Vapor Pressure: Not applicable.
Vapor Density: 3.4 (Air = 1)
Volatility: Not available.
Odor Threshold: Not available.
Water/Oil Dist. Coeff.: Not available.
Ionicity (in Water): Not available.
Dispersion Properties: See solubility in water.
Solubility:Soluble in cold water, hot water. Very slightly soluble in methanol.
Section 10: Stability and Reactivity Data
Stability: The product is stable.
Instability Temperature: Not available.
Conditions of Instability: Not available.
Incompatibility with various substances:Reactive with oxidizing agents, reducing agents, acids, moisture. Slightly reactive to reactive with metals, alkalis.
Corrosivity: Non-corrosive in presence of glass.
Special Remarks on Reactivity: May decompose on exposure to moist air or water.
Special Remarks on Corrosivity: Not available.
Polymerization: No.
Section 11: Toxicological Information
Routes of Entry: Dermal contact. Eye contact. Inhalation. Ingestion.
Toxicity to Animals:Acute oral toxicity (LD50): 481 mg/kg [Rat.]. Acute dermal toxicity (LD50): 2620 mg/kg [Rabbit.].
Chronic Effects on Humans: The substance is toxic to lungs, mucous membranes.
Other Toxic Effects on Humans:Very hazardous in case of ingestion. Hazardous in case of skin contact (irritant, permeator), of inhalation.
Special Remarks on Toxicity to Animals: Not available.
Special Remarks on Chronic Effects on Humans: Exposure will cause asthma, dermatitis and pulmonary oedema; effectsmay be delayed. Tumorigen.
Special Remarks on other Toxic Effects on Humans: Sternutator.
Section 12: Ecological Information
Ecotoxicity: Not available.
BOD5 and COD: Not available.
Products of Biodegradation:Possibly hazardous short term degradation products are not likely. However, long term degradation products may arise.
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Toxicity of the Products of Biodegradation: The products of degradation are more toxic.
Special Remarks on the Products of Biodegradation: Not available.
Section 13: Disposal Considerations
Waste Disposal:
Section 14: Transport Information
DOT Classification: CLASS 8: Corrosive solid.
Identification: : Maleic anhydride : UN2215 PG: III
Special Provisions for Transport: Not available.
Section 15: Other Regulatory Information
Federal and State Regulations:Pennsylvania RTK: Maleic anhydride Massachusetts RTK: Maleic anhydride TSCA 8(b) inventory: Maleic anhydride SARA313 toxic chemical notification and release reporting: Maleic anhydride CERCLA: Hazardous substances.: Maleic anhydride
Other Regulations: OSHA: Hazardous by definition of Hazard Communication Standard (29 CFR 1910.1200).
Other Classifications:
WHMIS (Canada):CLASS D-1B: Material causing immediate and serious toxic effects (TOXIC). CLASS D-2A: Material causing other toxic effects(VERY TOXIC). CLASS E: Corrosive solid.
DSCL (EEC): R36/38- Irritating to eyes and skin.
HMIS (U.S.A.):
Health Hazard: 3
Fire Hazard: 1
Reactivity: 2
Personal Protection: j
National Fire Protection Association (U.S.A.):
Health: 3
Flammability: 1
Reactivity: 1
Specific hazard:
Protective Equipment:Gloves. Synthetic apron. Vapor and dust respirator. Be sure to use an approved/certified respirator or equivalent. Wearappropriate respirator when ventilation is inadequate. Splash goggles.
Section 16: Other Information
References:-Hawley, G.G.. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 11e ed., New York N.Y., Van Nostrand Reinold, 1987. -Material safetydata sheet emitted by: la Commission de la Santé et de la Sécurité du Travail du Québec. -SAX, N.I. Dangerous
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Properties of Indutrial Materials. Toronto, Van Nostrand Reinold, 6e ed. 1984. -The Sigma-Aldrich Library of Chemical SafetyData, Edition II. -Guide de la loi et du règlement sur le transport des marchandises dangeureuses au canada. Centre deconformité internatinal Ltée. 1986.
Other Special Considerations: Not available.
Created: 10/11/2005 12:17 PM
Last Updated: 05/21/2013 12:00 PM
The information above is believed to be accurate and represents the best information currently available to us. However, wemake no warranty of merchantability or any other warranty, express or implied, with respect to such information, and we assumeno liability resulting from its use. Users should make their own investigations to determine the suitability of the information fortheir particular purposes. In no event shall ScienceLab.com be liable for any claims, losses, or damages of any third party or forlost profits or any special, indirect, incidental, consequential or exemplary damages, howsoever arising, even if ScienceLab.comhas been advised of the possibility of such damages.