chapter 7 ionic & metallic bonding
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Chapter 7 Ionic & Metallic Bonding. Anything in black letters = write it in your notes (‘knowts’). Chapter 6 Objectives. Valence Electrons & Ion Formation valence electrons electron dot (Lewis) structures cations & anions octet rule Ionic & Metallic Bonding - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 7Chapter 7
Ionic & Metallic BondingIonic & Metallic Bonding
Anything in black letters = write it in your notes (‘knowts’)
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Valence Electrons & Ion Formation
valence electrons
electron dot (Lewis) structures
cations & anions
octet rule
Ionic & Metallic Bonding
ionic compounds (properties)
formula units
alloys
Chapter 6 Objectives
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variable
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Electron Dot Diagrams – valence electrons as dots around chemical symbol
These are also known as Lewis Symbols
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3 Main Rules for Lewis Symbols
2. Fill all 4 sides before pairing.
C ●
1. No more than 2 dots on each side.
3. No more than 8 dots total.
●
C
C●●●
● C●●●●
●●
●●
●
●
wrong wrong
wrongCorrect!
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Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
Draw Lewis Symbols for these elements
1. Fill all 4 sides before pairing.
2. No more than 2 dots on each side.
3. No more than 8 dots total.
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Metal atoms lose their valence electrons easily.
Nonmetal atoms gain electrons to fill their valence to 8.
REMEMBER!!
If an atom gains an electron, it becomes a -1 ion
If an atom loses an electron, it becomes a +1 ion
Ca+ion = positive ion
Anion = negative ion
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Normal Ion Charges
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Octet Rule –
Atoms will gain or lose electrons to have 8 valence electrons.
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Ionic bonds are formed by electron transfer between a metal & a nonmetal)
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Ionic compounds consist of cations and anions arranged in repeating patterns; NOT as discrete units like molecules
A formula unit is the lowest ratio of ions in an ionic compound.
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Properties of Ionic Compounds
High melting points
Crystalline solids at room temperature
Conduct electric current when molten or dissolved in water.
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PRACTICE:
#1-9 (p. 199)
&
#10-19 p. 203, 207)
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The valence electrons in metals are loosely held and are free to move.
The properties of metals can be explained by the ‘sea of electrons’ model.
7.3 – Bonding in Metals7.3 – Bonding in Metals
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Alloy – mixture of metals.
Steel –
Stainless Steel –
Bronze –
Solder –
Brass –
Sterling Silver –
Amalgam –
Nichrome –
Alloy – mixture of metals.
Steel – Fe & C
Stainless Steel – steel w/ Cr, Ni, or Mn
Bronze – Cu & Sn
Solder – Sn & Pb
Brass – Cu & Zn
Sterling Silver – Ag & usually Cu
Amalgam – Hg w/ other metals (Ag, Sn, Cu)
Nichrome – Ni & Cr
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Chapter 7 ASSIGNMENTChapter 7
Chapter 7 #27-44 (p. 214)