chapter 7 section a & b approach charts and procedures
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chapter 7Section A & B
Approach Charts and Procedures
![Page 2: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Old Chart Format
![Page 3: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
New Chart Format
![Page 4: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Instrument Approach Procedure
• Precision Approach - ILS, PAR– Lateral and Vertical navigation
• Nonprecision Approach - VOR, NDB, GPS– Only Lateral navigation
![Page 5: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Approach Segments
• Feeder routes– Approach transitions or Terminal routes
• THESE ARE NOT PART OF THE ACTUAL PUBLISHED APPROACH!
![Page 6: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Review Charts• Plan View
• Profile View– TDZE
– HAT - based on TDZE for straight in approaches
– HAA - based on airport elevation for circling
– TCH
• Missed Approach
• Minimums
• Ground Speed and Time
![Page 7: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Plan View
![Page 8: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Profile View
![Page 9: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Minimums
![Page 10: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Missed Approach
![Page 11: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Ground Speed and Time
![Page 12: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Approach Categories
• 1.3XVso
• Baron Vso=75kts– 75 X 1.3=97.5
• VFR final approach speed short field is 90kts
– IFR Approach speed is 120IAS (B)– Minimum IAS Icing conditions is 130IAS (C)
![Page 13: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Initial Approach Segments
• IAF - Must proceed here first (maybe radar vectors)
• MVA - 1,000 or 2,000 obstructions clearance– also 300+ above floor of controlled airspace– maybe lower than the MEA or MOCA
![Page 14: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Initial Approach Segments
• Procedure turns or course reversals– May use a holding pattern in lieu of– Max speed is 200 kts IAS
![Page 15: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Intermediate Approach Segment
• IF - Intermediate Fix– Aligned with 30º of final approach course– Usually inbound to the final approach fix
![Page 16: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Final Approach Segment
• FAF– Nonprecision - maybe the VOR or NDB– Precision - is interception of the Glide Slope or
Glide Path at a minimum intercept altitude
• FAP– Nonprecision - when the VOR or NDB is on
the field and you intercept the final approach course inbound (MPR)
![Page 17: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Final Approach Segment• Timed approaches from a holding fix
Radar service for sequencing traffic is out of service
If you are told to depart the holding fix at a certain time, timed approaches are in progress!
– Requirements• Control tower in operation• Direct communication to the approach controller• MAP do not require a course reversal and the
weather is greater than the highest prescribed circling minimums for the IAP
• When cleared for the IAP NOPT is available
![Page 18: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Minimum Decent Requirments
• DH or DA - Precision– Followed by Min. Visibility and HAT
• MDA - Nonprecision– Followed by Min. Visibility and HAT or HAA
![Page 19: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Final Approach
• Operations below DH or MDA FAR 91.175 Please Read– Flight visibility not less than required– Aircraft must be continuously in a position to land
using normal descents and maneuvers
![Page 20: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Final Approach
• One must be distinctly visible and identifiable– Threshold– Threshold markings– Threshold lights– Runway end identifier lights (REIL)– Visual approach slope indicator (VASI or PAPI)– Touchdown zone or touchdown zone markings– Touchdown zone lights– Runway or runway markings– Runway lights
![Page 21: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Final Approach
• Approach lighting system (ALSF, MALSR OR SALSR)– If only the approach lighting system is in sight
you may descend down to 100ft above TDZE– If the red terminating bars (ALSF-1) or the red
side row bars (ALSF-2) are in sight you may land
![Page 22: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Landing Minimums
• Visibility and Minimum Altitudes– Factors include
• Approach lighting system
• Obstructions
• Equipment on board
• Approach speed
• Straight in or circling
• Sidestep Maneuver
![Page 23: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Stepdowns and VDP’s
• Stepdown at different approach segments– Only one between FAF and MAP
• VDP - Must not leave your MDA before this point!
![Page 24: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Missed Approach Segment
• MAP– DH, VOR, NDB, Time (Based on GS), DME
fix– During radar approaches ATC will give you the
MAP
![Page 25: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Minimum Sector Altitude
• Minimum safe altitude– Within 25 of a FIX allows 1,000 of obstruction
clearance
![Page 26: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Inoperative Components
An increase in minimum visibility requirements due to inoperative approach lighting systems.
Different types of approaches, different changes
Refer to the inop. component chart
![Page 27: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Additional Information
• ARP - Airport Reference Point - The approximate geometric center of all usable runway surfaces
• Details about taxi ways and runway lengths
![Page 28: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Take-Off Minimums
• Part 91, Zero-Zero– Rule of thumb, be able to get back into the
airport your took off from.
• Non-Standard Take-Off Minimums– Weather or IFR Departure Procedure
![Page 29: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Alternate Required?
• Always
• Unless you meet the 123 Rule!– One hour before or after your ETA to
destination if weather is greater than a 2000 ft ceiling or 3 statue miles of visibility.
– This is voided if your destination airport doesn’t have a IAP.
![Page 30: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Now we need and Alternate
• Standard– Precision - 600-2– Nonprecision - 800-2
• Nonstandard alternate minimums
![Page 31: Chapter 7 Section A & B Approach Charts and Procedures](https://reader035.vdocument.in/reader035/viewer/2022062300/56649d0e5503460f949e4215/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Types of Approaches
• Visual approach (Field must be VFR)
• Contact approach (Pilot must request)
• IAP– Precision– Nonprecision