chapter 7. the cell: nucleus,...
TRANSCRIPT
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AP Biology 2005-2006
The Cell:
Nucleus, Ribosomes
![Page 2: Chapter 7. The Cell: Nucleus, Ribosomesleeapib.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/7/0/13701553/organelles_1.pdf · AP Biology 2005-2006 Nucleus structure Within nucleus, DNA organized into fibrous](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042207/5eaabf374ab79d1e774f9041/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
AP Biology 2005-2006
Nucleus
Function
contains eukaryotic cell’s
genetic library
most genes in nucleus
some genes located in
mitochondria &
chloroplasts
Size
~ 5 microns (µm)
in diameter
![Page 3: Chapter 7. The Cell: Nucleus, Ribosomesleeapib.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/7/0/13701553/organelles_1.pdf · AP Biology 2005-2006 Nucleus structure Within nucleus, DNA organized into fibrous](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042207/5eaabf374ab79d1e774f9041/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
AP Biology 2005-2006
Nucleus structure
Structure
separated from cytoplasm by a double
membrane, nuclear envelope
double membrane is fused in spots
forming pores
allows large macromolecules
& particles to pass through
What kind of molecules
need to pass through?
![Page 4: Chapter 7. The Cell: Nucleus, Ribosomesleeapib.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/7/0/13701553/organelles_1.pdf · AP Biology 2005-2006 Nucleus structure Within nucleus, DNA organized into fibrous](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042207/5eaabf374ab79d1e774f9041/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
AP Biology
![Page 5: Chapter 7. The Cell: Nucleus, Ribosomesleeapib.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/7/0/13701553/organelles_1.pdf · AP Biology 2005-2006 Nucleus structure Within nucleus, DNA organized into fibrous](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042207/5eaabf374ab79d1e774f9041/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
AP Biology
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AP Biology 2005-2006
Nucleus structure
Within nucleus, DNA organized into fibrous material, chromatin
in normal cell appears as diffuse mass
When cell prepares to divide, chromatin fibers coil up as separate structures,chromosomes
![Page 7: Chapter 7. The Cell: Nucleus, Ribosomesleeapib.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/7/0/13701553/organelles_1.pdf · AP Biology 2005-2006 Nucleus structure Within nucleus, DNA organized into fibrous](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042207/5eaabf374ab79d1e774f9041/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
AP Biology 2005-2006
Nucleus structure
Densely stained region
= nucleolus
Function
production of
ribosomal subunits
from rRNA & proteins
pass through
nuclear pores to
cytoplasm &
combine to form
ribosomes
![Page 8: Chapter 7. The Cell: Nucleus, Ribosomesleeapib.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/7/0/13701553/organelles_1.pdf · AP Biology 2005-2006 Nucleus structure Within nucleus, DNA organized into fibrous](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042207/5eaabf374ab79d1e774f9041/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
AP Biology 2005-2006
Ribosomes Function
protein production
Structure
ribosomes contain rRNA & protein
composed of 2 subunits that combine to carry out protein synthesis
![Page 9: Chapter 7. The Cell: Nucleus, Ribosomesleeapib.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/7/0/13701553/organelles_1.pdf · AP Biology 2005-2006 Nucleus structure Within nucleus, DNA organized into fibrous](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042207/5eaabf374ab79d1e774f9041/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
AP Biology 2005-2006
Types of Ribosomes
Free ribosomes
suspended in cytosol
synthesize proteins that
function within cytosol
Bound ribosomes
attached to outside of
endoplasmic reticulum
synthesize proteins for
export or for membranes
![Page 10: Chapter 7. The Cell: Nucleus, Ribosomesleeapib.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/7/0/13701553/organelles_1.pdf · AP Biology 2005-2006 Nucleus structure Within nucleus, DNA organized into fibrous](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042207/5eaabf374ab79d1e774f9041/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
AP Biology 2005-2006
Ribosomes
Prokaryotes & eukaryotes have
different ribosomes
different size subunits
different proteins
can this difference be useful?
![Page 11: Chapter 7. The Cell: Nucleus, Ribosomesleeapib.weebly.com/uploads/1/3/7/0/13701553/organelles_1.pdf · AP Biology 2005-2006 Nucleus structure Within nucleus, DNA organized into fibrous](https://reader034.vdocument.in/reader034/viewer/2022042207/5eaabf374ab79d1e774f9041/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
AP Biology 2005-2006
Prokaryote vs. eukaryote ribosomes
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AP Biology
Any Questions??