chapter 8: political participation
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Chapter 8: Political Participation. Voting Nonvoting Methods of Participation. Political Participation. Various ways in which people take part in politics and government: Voting Party affiliation Donating money to campaigns Keeping informed of issues Debating/Discussing issues - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 8: Political
ParticipationVoting
NonvotingMethods of Participation
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Political Participation• Various ways in which people take part in politics
and government:- Voting- Party affiliation- Donating money to campaigns- Keeping informed of issues- Debating/Discussing issues- Protesting- Contacting local officials
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Nonvoting• VAP (Voting Age Population
- Citizens18 years of age
• VEP (Voting Eligible Population)- Citizens 18 years of age- EXCLUDES those who are legally not allowed to vote- convicted felons, noncitizens
2008 VAP = 231 million, voter turnout 56.8%2008 VEP = 213 million, voter turnout 61.7%
Presidential election voter turnout = roughly 50% (just under)
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Nonvoting• In partners, analyze the data charts focusing on
nonvoters.
• Evaluate and develop 1 CUMMULATIVE observation for each section of nonvoter data
• SHARE OUT/Discuss!
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Nonvoting TrendsPercent Registered/Voted PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION
• Ages 18 – 20 register and vote the LEAST• Lower levels of education and low income vote the LEAST
AGE 1996 2000 2004 200818-20 46/31 41/28 51/41 53/4421-24 51/33 49/35 52/43 62/5225-34 57/43 55/44 56/47 66/5765+ 77/67 76/68 77/69 77/70
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Nonvoting TrendsWHYYYY??!
Three-Quarters (75%) of nonvoters said…..- Busy- Scheduling conflicts (work/school)
12% of nonvoters said…- Family chores/obligations
12% of nonvoters said…- Believe their vote wouldn’t make a
difference
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Attempts to Increase Voting
• Poll booth times (early AM – late PM)• Mail in ballots (day prior)• Absentee ballot• Motor-voter law : allow voters to register upon
receiving driver’s license • Same day registration• GOTV (Get-Out-the-Vote)Drive
- door-to –door visits, phone calls = most effective- leaflets, email, mail, radio ads
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Attempts to Increase Voting
** Although the number of registered voters has gone up significantly since the motor-voter law, voter turnout has NOT increased!
Even “social pressure”/media/celebrity influence…. 62% of pressured nonvoters DID NOT vote in 2008
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Decline of U.S. Voter Turnout
Since 1960, voter turnout has declined in EVERY presidential election.
• WHY?!
• Each student will be assigned a reading section of Richard W. Boyd (Wesleyan University)
* READ and HIGHLIGHT/IDENTIFY the reasons along with a brief explanation of each
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Decline of U.S. Voter Turnout
Warm-Up: What were the various reasons and explanations from the article?
1. ** CHANGING BIRTH RATESPostwar baby boom = largest voting group currently
2. ** CHANGING AGE DISTRIBUTION26th amendment = young voters (nonvoters)
3. ** COMPLEX ELECTIONSThere are too many elections for Americans to partake in
4.** SCHEDULED ELECTIONSStaggered elections = requires more attention of voters
5.** PRIMARIESRequires affiliation, is one more election, requires attention of voters
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VotingAnalyze the 2012 presidential election exit poll and develop voting trend observations
2012 EXIT POLL DATA
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Voting
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Voting Trends
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Voting Trends
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Voting Trends
• Ages 65+ register and vote the MOST• Higher educated vote the MOST• Higher incomes vote the MOST
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Voting Trends
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Voting Trends
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Voting TrendsGap between voter turnout in presidential elections and midterm
elections
- “Staggered” schedule of midterm elections v. general election** general election =1 day of voting (easier)
- Structure of voter impact** general election = reelection or new president (easy to understand)** midterm election = new/partial congress (confusing and lack of
feeling a difference)
- More campaigning & high profile in general election
- More value in presidential election** lack of confidence in congressional leaders
- Electoral college v. midterm popular vote** pressure that every vote counts = influential?
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Barriers to Voting(historical)
• Literacy Tests- illiterate and uneducated kept from voting- former slaves were uneducated
• Poll Taxes- poor persons were kept from voting- former slaves were poor
• Grandfather Clause- voting allowed for those whose grandfather was able to vote
prior to 1867- allowed poor whites to vote
• White Primary- kept blacks from voting in the state primaries (in the south)
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Barriers to Voting(current)
• Voting Rights Act 1965- 2013 S.C. ruling in which the federal
government NO LONGER has to approve state voting laws
• Demographics- areas of poverty and lack of resources
Do you think that state voting regulations, such as voter ID laws, negatively impact the eldery, poor, and uneducated?