chapter 9 understanding drugs and medicines. analgesic a medicine that relieves pain
TRANSCRIPT
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Chapter 9Understanding Drugs
and Medicines
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Analgesic• A medicine that relieves pain
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Stimulant• A drug that increases alertness
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Vaccine• A medicine that prevents infection in
people exposed to infectious agents
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OTC• Over the Counter• A medicine available without a prescription
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Prescription Medicine• A drug that required a written
order from a doctor because it treats serious health conditions or is a very powerful medicine
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Sedative• A medicine that causes Sleepiness
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Addiction• A condition in which a person cannot
control his or her drug use.
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Active Ingredient• A chemical that gives a drug its action
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Drugs of Abuse VS Medicines
• Drugs of abuse have no medical purpose, while medicines treat, prevent, or cure illnesses
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Medicines
• People may have – Allergic reactions– Anaphylactic shock (Anaphylaxis is a severe,
potentially life-threatening allergic reaction. It can occur within seconds or minutes of exposure to something you're allergic to)
– Side effects
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Testing of Medicines•Test on cell cultures•Test on animals•Tests on healthy humans•Clinical Trials
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Medicines
• Before taking medicines prescribed by your doctor you should:– Ask the doctor if you can take a generic form of
the medicine– Ask the doctor if there any side effects– Ask the doctor what to do if a side effect occurs
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Chemical Messengers• Help the brain process information and affect
emotions are released at synapses
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Medicines•Must be safe to use•Must be effective•Must have only minor side effects
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Drug Origins• Natural sources• Laboratories
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OTC Medicines• Decide what works best for you• Read the list of uses to find out if
the medicine will relieve your symptoms• Decide whether you want generic
or brand name medicine
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Methods used to administer medicines
• Implanted pumps• Inhalers• Injections• Oral• Transdermal patches• lotions
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Addiction•Avoid drugs
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Drug Withdrawal• The unpleasant symptoms
drive the addict to take more of the drug to relieve the symptoms
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Experimentation with Drugs• Can lead to more regular pattern of
abuse• Pleasure can lead to repeated use
resulting in tolerance and then physical dependence• Adolescent brains are more vulnerable to
the effects of drugs than adult brains are
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Test Tomorrow Chapter 9