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Chapter 13
Diseases, Disorders, and Diagnostic Terms
Chapter 13-Worksheet 1 Read Page 337
Name the Disorder or Disease
Hematomas
Hematomas
1 2
3
Aneurysm
Exercise 8
Closed Spinal Cord Injuries
Due to excessive bending or extension of the spine:
• Hyperflexion of the cervical vertebrae
• Hyperextension of the cervical vertebrae
• Vertical Compression of the lumbar spine and the cervical spine.
Hyperflexion (beyond normal bending) (of the cervical vertebrae)
Hyperextension (beyond normal maximum extension)
(of the cervical vertebrae)
Vertical Compression of the lumbar spine and the cervical spine.
Read pp 340-341 Do Worksheet 2
Page 340 in English
Page 341 in English
Paralysis
Electroencephalography
Multiple Sclerosis
Parkinson’s Disease
Exercise 9
Psychological Disorders Term/Disorder Definition
Psychosomatic pertaining to the mind-body
relationship or having physical
symptoms of emotional origin
Psychosis Any major mental disorder
characterized by a gross impairment in
reality testing and often characterized
by inappropriate mood and diminished
impulse control
Schizophrenia A psychosis characterized by
distortion of reality, disorganization,
fragmentation of thought, and
withdrawal from social interaction.
Bipolar Disorders A psychosis characterized by manic
episodes, major depression, or mixed
moods.
Pyromania An impulse control disorder
characterized by an uncontrollable
urge to set fires.
American Psycho (Psychosis)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5yYEX9dV34I
Psychological Disorders Disorder Definition
Clinical Depression abnormal emotional state, characterized by exaggerated feelings of sadness, despair, emptiness, and hopelessness.
Neuroses A person in distress, there is no apparent cause.
Anxiety Disorders (include panic attacks) characterized by intense terror or apprehension accompanied by difficulty breathing, sweating, chest pain, or racing of the heart.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) a type of anxiety disorders characterized by recurrent and persistent thoughts, ideas, feelings (obsessions), or repetitive acts (compulsions).
Phobia a persistent, irrational fear of something specific.
Agoraphobia Fear of open spaces, of being outside, or in a public place.
Archnophobia
• Fear of spiders
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P9P-9DF214o
Psychological Disorders Disorder Definition
Anorexia Nervosa eating disorder primarily seen in teenagers
characterized by a prolonged refusal to eat
Neurasthenia nervous condition characterized by chronic
weakness, fatigue, and sometimes
exhaustion.
Autism characterized by withdrawal and impaired
development in social interaction and
communication
Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD),
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity
Disorder (ADHD)
characterized by short attention span, poor
communication, and in ADHD, hyperactivity
Alzheimer Disease a progressive mental deterioration with
several characteristics, including
confusion, memory failure, disorientation,
restlessness, and inability to carry out
purposeful movement, The symptoms
worsen with age.
Exercise 10
Chapter 13
Surgical & Therapeutic Interventions
Surgical & Therapeutic Interventions 1
Intervention Definition
craniotomy any surgical opening into the skull
cranioplasty surgical repair of the skull after surgery or injury to the skull
shunts • passages or bypasses between 2 vessels • are used to redirect CSF from one area to
another using a tube or an implanted device
Stereotactic Radiosurgery • involves closed-skull destruction of a target (e.g. tumor)
using ionizing radiation.
• The patient’s head is held in a frame.
• In a gamma knife procedure, a high dose of radiation is delivered to precisely targeted tumor tissue.
Surgical & Therapeutic Interventions 2
Intervention Definition
Neuroplasty plastic surgery to repair a nerve or nerves
Neurorrhaphy suturing of a cut nerve
Neurolysis several meanings: • release of a nerve sheath by cutting it
longitudinally • surgery to break up adhesions surrounding a
nerve • relief of tension on a nerve • disintegration of nerve tissue
Surgical & Therapeutic Interventions 3 Intervention Definition
Nerve Block used to reduce pain by temporarily blocking transmission of nerve impulses. Can be used short term (after surgery) or long term (for chronic pain)
Analgesics agents that relieve pain without causing loss of consciousness
Hypnotics drugs often used as sedatives to produce a calming effect
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)
• method of pain control by the application of electrical impulses to the nerve endings
• pain signals to the brain are blocked by electrical impulses generated by a stimulator attached to electrodes on the skin
Surgical & Therapeutic Interventions 4
Intervention Definition
Anticonvulsants relieve or prevent convulsions
Antipyretics reduce fever
Antiparkinsonian drugs used to treat Parkinson disease
Exercise 11
Chapter 13 SELF TEST
Chapter 13 SELF TEST
Chapter 13 SELF TEST Answers
Any Questions? Any Comments?
Any Answers??