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CHAPTER II

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND

This theoretical background chapter presents the theories used in this research

explaining about the definitions of sociolinguistics by Janet Holmes, Ronald

Wardaugh, Miriam Meyerhoff, John R. Rickford, Abdul Chaer, Bernard Spolsky and

Jonathon Green.

2.1 Variety of Language

Language is built by society because humans have their own styles. Abdul

Chaer states that social interaction is divided based on their language varieties,

variety of language classified about who use that language, where that language use,

their status in society and gender. Based on function of language itself (2004: 61-62).

Variety languages are divided into four aspects.

The first are the varieties from aspects of speaker. This is based on how

speaker uses that language to utter in society. Speaker aspects are divided into three: a

variety of diction that each person has in their own styles of utterance that is called

idiolect. Abdul Chaer states Idiolect notices that humans have their own language

varieties. Region influences on how speaker utters. Even though speakers have their

own idiolects they have similar dialect to utter (2004:63). This concept is called

regional dialect. Ronald Wardaugh states that regional dialect explains about humans

living in one area that even though they have idiolects, they still utter in one dialect

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regarding to the region or area(2006:43-44). This language variety is used in

temporary period. For example,in Indonesia there are some societies which apply

different regional dialects, but they also can apply same dialect that is called temporal

dialect only determined through the ages. Besides, there is one more type of dialect

called social dialect that explains about how usage or situation of social dialect is

influenced by social class, gender, occupation and age (Holmes, 1995:144).

The second is seen from the usage aspect in certain situation and in some

group that every activity has its own special vocabulary. Holmes states that “the

addressees and the context affect our choice of code or variety, whether language,

dialect and or style” (1995: 245). Every addressee has their own style that refers to

different group, ethnicity and gender. The language usage is commonly known as

register used in certain context differing from dialect that is about whom, when, and

where to use the language.

The third aspect is seen from formality. Martin Joss divides this Variety

formality into five styles which are frozen, formal, consultative, casual and intimate

(as cited in Abdul Chaer, 2004: 70). Style of frozen is the highest formality that is

usually used in inauguration and speech of president because it uses definite structure

that cannot be changed in which the speaker must read an already-typed and written

speech on paper for the context of situation is very important. Style of Formal is style

focusing on how someone utters and uses some appropriate words. This style is

usually used in conversation with elders and in family situation differing from frozen

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that is used in very formal situation in which the speaker must utter in front of public.

Style of Consultative is an utterance with common word but still formal in context of

situation because it refers to result of some tasks that are already discussed in work

place or school. This style exists between formal and casual utterance. Style of

Casual style is usually used in informal situation like conversation with friends

because it does not focus on the structure in which the speakers sometimes use

understandable abbreviations to talk each other. Style of Intimate is used when hearer

has already known well what the speaker means. This style differs from casual

because its utterance sometimes cannot be understood by other hearers for it uses

incomplete word or unclear utterance.

Fourth aspect is viewed from tool or equipment. Abdul Chaer state aspect

does not only include electric device such as telephone or short message service

(SMS) but also body language employed by humans (2004:72). Body language, SMS

and telephone sometimes deflect what speaker means because his or her utterance is

really wide and arbitrary. It cannot be used through full utterance because each tool

has its own limit and excess.

After explaining about varieties of language the researcher wants to focus on

aspect of speaker which includes idiolect, regional dialect and social dialect that will

be explained in detail below.

2.1.1 Idiolect

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The base of idiolect is from speaker, explaining about varieties of diction each

person has regarding to how they pronounce utterances and how they start to talk

with another person. It is like when student which learn about literature should have

understood author of a poem by merely reading their lines like Shakespeare’s poem

(Chaer, 2004: 63).

2.1.2 Regional dialect

Regional dialect regards to differences influenced by different regions that

include accent, pronunciation and vocabulary like English language that is separated

into some regional dialects like American-English, British-English, Canadian-

English, Scottish-English, and Australian-English. According to Ronald Wardhaugh,

there may even be very distinctive in the language which you notice as you move

from one location to another (2006: 44). Regional dialect itself distinguishes how the

people are speaking some of pronunciation.

If the speaker is from Indonesia, he or she must understand that Javanese has

variety dialects based on different regions like Solo, Surabaya, Yogyakarta,

Kebumen, Banyuwangi and other regions. Regional dialect is area which

distinguishes some vocabularies and pronunciations.

Sociolinguistics talks about language in society that can make new pronoun,

dialect and social function of language. Holmes states that it regards to “The way

2.1.3 Social Dialect

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language works, as well as about the social relationship in a community” (1995:1).

Sociolinguistic includes learning social dialect in an area because it explains about

how language works in social relationship in community where social dialect

emerges.

According to Holmes, varieties of linguistic are distinguishable in vocabulary,

grammar and pronunciation (1995: 144). Another explanation comes from Ronald

Wardhaugh who states that individual and groups seek to realize some other identity

(2006: 27).

Rickford then explains about social class that influences social dialect. He

mentions that “the ethnic differences are merely regional pattern which disappear

when geography and social class are held constant” (1985:99).

Social dialect is divided into seven types.According to Abdul Chaer, those

types are acrolect, basilect, vulgar, slang, colloquial, jargon and argot (2004:66). The

explanation about those types of social dialect are about to be explained below.

2.1.3.1 Acrolect

This variety of language for formal situation is used to talk with higher status,

age and gender (Holmes, 1995:168).Acrolect is a variety that is used in commanding

politely because its grammatical structures do not deviate significantly from those

standard varieties of the language. In contrast, basilect is a language variety that is

significantly different from the standard variety.

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For example in the class situation, the student asked the teacher, “Sir, do we

have midterm tomorrow?” The word sir shows that teacher has higher social status

and older age than the students. In the meeting situation, when an employee performs

a presentation about his works in front of his leader. The leader will utter “Sir, could

you explain more about this one?” because even though he has higher status and older

age, the leader uses a formal word. He understands that the situation is very formal

because it is conducted in the middle of meeting. Therefore, even though he has

higher status and older age than the employee’s, the leader question is very politely.

2.1.3.2 Basilect

Basilect is somewhat same with acrolect. However, it is used in different

situation. Basilect is used in informal situation regardless of being influenced by

gender, age and status (Chamber and Trudgill, 2004: 8). The informal situation makes

speaker to create informal utterances that tend to have scramble structure.

For example, a student asks to his classmate about their homework “hey, have

you already finished the homework?” After that his classmate replies “Nope, not done

yet.” This conversation explains about basilect because they talk in same social class

by using informal utterance that differs to utterances used to their parents or teacher.

2.1.3.3 Slang

This variety language is used for some utterances usually employed in some

social groups. Slang does not regard grammar or pronunciation of words (Spolsky,

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1998:35). Raharjo and Chamber Loir state that slang characteristic is that it is

commonly used in youngster language (as cited in Abdul Chaer, 2004: 67). Slang

refers to words, phrases used in very informal situation and often restricted to special

context. This emerges as peculiar words used in specified social class.

For example, a couple of teenager want to watch a movie in cinema and one

of them wants to go to restroom. They use slang word like “BRB” which means be

right back in utterance “hey, I need go to somewhere, BRB.” One of them then

replies “okay, please don’t take too long because the movie has already played.” This

conversation happens in same social groupin which the couple may understand each

other.

2.1.3.4 Colloquial

Abdul Chaer states that this variety language is usually used in speaking form

depending on different informal situation (2004:67).It is not used in writing form in

which some people do not understand what other people talk even though they speak

the same language but different in how they utter it.

Though English speakers around the world, some dialects can also be unique

to a group of people who share their unique words or ethnic backgrounds. For

example, a ship crew talks to his captain because he sees a land “Land Ahoy!” This

variety utterance is incorrect word as sentence but it can be understood as well as it is

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in spoken form. The captain understands what ship crew utters that means the island

is sighted.

2.1.3.5 Argot

This variety language is usually used as robber codes or secret language for a

criminal work. According to Jonathan Green “the strict translation of France’s argot

is not slang but is more properly defined as can’t, i.e., the occupational slang of the

criminal classes, les classes dangereuses”(2008:1).For example, the word Parley is

synonym of negotiate and permission to talk that are always used by pirates. The

word Weed means marijuana that is commonly used in transaction with drug dealer.

White Powder is synonym of ecstasy that is commonly used in transaction with drug

dealer.

2.1.3.6 Jargon

According to Theodor W. Adorno, “Its language is a trademark of societalized

chosenness, noble and homey at once sub-language and superior language” (1973: 5).

This variety language is a code used in social group like in relation between

two experts in the same job that have a uniquelanguage understood only by them. For

example,‘Bug in a computer program is not a small animal, but it means a broken

microcode in the software that might crash the program.

2.1.3.7 Vulgar

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This variety language is used by uneducated group that usually uses an

offensive and inappropriate word. Vulgar is word form used to express their feeling

in harsh way. Sometimes it is uttered in metaphor word that describes its reference.

For example, beef curtain means ‘women genitals’ because it has similar

characteristic to the reference.

2.2 Factors that influence in social dialect

Ronald Wardhaugh states that a social factor usually governs our choice of

terms: the particular occasion; the social status or rank of the other; gender, age,

transactional status, occupational hierarchy and family relationship (2006:

272).Abdul Chaer states that different social factor is influenced by different way of

thinking of different age used by kid, teenager, adult and elder (2004: 64). According

to Janet Holmes, people from different social classes speak differently (1995: 148). It

means that utterance is influenced by social class that is classified into condition of

speaker’s region, education and social economy which can influence how, whom,

when, and where to use the language both in formal situation and informal situation.

2.2.1 Gender

Gender is explained by Ronald Wardhaugh (2006: 326) as “men and women

seem often to exhibit the power relationships that exist in society, with men dominant

and women subservient.”This makes utterance influenced by situation, age, gender

and status between style and the varieties that are monotonic (Meyerhof, 2006:32).

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Monotonic is a feature used when frequency of variety utterance that speakers use in

some situations changes in cause of whom speakers talk to.

Gender explains about the different way of women and men in speaking.

According to Janet Holmes, the speech of the women and men may be just one

dimension of more extensive differences reflecting the social hierarchy as a whole

(1995: 166). It means that men have strong influence and treat differently in some

societies. According to Janet Holmes, “it is claimed [that] women are more

linguistically polite than men” (1995: 164). Even though men have strong influence

than women in society, they do not bring linguistically polite utterance than women.

Equality in gender brings big influence in how language speaking style

uttered. Women do not want to be positioned just as mother and wife but they

struggle to be more appreciated and respected in quantity, frequency and quality of

what they talk about. It depends on how their status, education and context influence

their utterances.

2.2.2 Age

Age explains about how people change the way they talk when they get older

and understand their utterances more structurally. According to Janet Holmes, people

get older and their speechsimply becomes less dialectal and more standard

(1995:184).

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Age is explained by Janet Holmes (1995: 164) as “the linguistic forms used

by women and men contrast –to different degrees- in all speech communities.” Age

pattern is a typical sociolinguistic pattern based on the age of speakers as they get

older. There is a relationship between the age of a speaker and the use of a particular

linguistic variety in the form that will be generally used for more non-standard

varieties. Adulthood usage of non-standard forms of speech will gradually decrease in

favor of more standard forms of speech until a particular stage in late adulthood. The

frequency of using standard forms of speech will again decrease within older adults

and more non-standard forms will be used. The age pattern shows regularity that is

repeated with each new generation of speakers.

2.2.3 Occupation

Occupation is one of social factor used in someone’s utterance in a work that

might distinguish or use utterance in situation. According to Janet Holmes, the

informal relationship pattern makes people involved in a regular basis (1995:202).

2.3 Synopsis of Pirates of Caribbean 2: Dead Man’s Chest (2006)

JS first appearance is in casket that is thrown from jail in Abandon Island.

After that JS tried to go back to his ship and explain what he searches in that jail.

He found the picture of key that might be something leads him to new adventure.

After that he met his old friend, Bill Turner that worked to Davy Jones. JS

owed ship to Davy Jones and planned to pay with his soul. However, JS was trying

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to escape from that misery and feeling confused because he would be hunted by

‘Beastie’, but in the other hand, JS was trapped in island whose people are cannibal.

When someone looked for him the island, JS had become chief of that people in the

island because the people believes him as descendant of the God whose soul needs

to release from its body and reaches heaven by eating JS.

Soon after he escaped from that island with his crew and sailed to Tia

Dalma’s place. She is a foreseer that explains why JS is looking for the key of the

heart of Davy Jones. After a long time JS and Davy Jones met each other and talked

about how JS can pay his debt because he dealt to sell his soul to Davy Jones by

serving him in hundred years. When the due came JS was not ready yet but he

offered other souls supposed to serve him,

Davy Jones gave JS task to collect hundred souls in three days which is so

impossible. Fortunately, JS got help from his own crew which is the daughter of

Governor Swann named Elizabeth Swann who wants to meet her fiancé and use JS’

compass pointing to the heart of Davy Jones.

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CHAPTER III

DISCUSSIONS

This chapter is divided into two parts which are findings and discussion. First

explains about variety dialect used by JS in movie Pirates of Caribbean, and second

is discussion explaining about factors that influence in social dialect in JS’. The

discussion will be explained through detailed, comprehensive analysis and

explanation of the data results.

3.1 Explanation

The explanations of the data in this research are taken from JS’ utterances on

conversation with other characters. There are 145 conversations including 51 short

utterances and 94 long utterances that in this case will be divided into social class and

social factor.

3.1.1 Social Dialect

Social dialect is a usage of word and utterances which are divided into

acrolect, basilect, slang, argot, jargon, vulgar and colloquial.

3.1.1.1 Acrolect

Acrolect is used in utterances when speaker meets someone in formal situation. The

researcher found seven data of acrolect mentioned in chapter three as sampling

because they have similar situation.

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Data 1 in minutes 00:08:15,184 --> 00:08:28,322

“Gentlemen what do keys do?”

This utterance is acrolect known from the word gentlemen in Cambridge

Advanced Learner’s Dictionary(CALD) which means ‘polite way referring a

man’(2008).JS uses acrolect because he wants to explain about the key to his crew

and he initiates a talk to show to his crew that he is in charge. Because he is the

captain of the ship, he wants to prove that he is more educated and capable to speak

in the formal situation.

Data 2 in minutes 00:43:56,784 --> 00:44:02,999

“Alas, my children, this is the day you shall

always remember as the day that you almost...”

Utterance that makes this acrolect is alas in CALD which means ‘feeling

sorry about something’ (2008).JS uses this utterance to the tribe that raises him as

their leader and abandons that tribe because that tribe wants to eat him for he tried to

run away from that island.

Data 3 in minutes 00:51:09,467 --> 00:51:14,096

“We've come for help and we're not leaving without it”

Utterance that makes this acrolect is we’ve come for help uttered when JS asks

very nicely. When English people need for help, they would say ‘could you or if you

26

may’ that they asking the hearer’s willingness. However, in this section JS meets his

old friend named Tia Dalma that is foreseer in Pirates of the Caribbean 2: Dead

Man’s Chest, and he justifies that we’ve come for help refers that they do not know to

whom else they might ask for help.

Data 4 in minute 01:02:54,463 --> 01:02:58,342

“Technically I was only captain for two years, then I was viciously mutinied upon.”

In CALD, the word viciously is from adjective vicious that means ‘describing

people to do harm’ (2008). JS wanted to describe that he became target of his crew’s

rebellion in his own ship that sent him out from his ship.

Data 5 in minute 01:03:11,147 01:03:14,150

“You have my payment. One soul to serve on your ship is already over there.”

You have my payment. The utterance have is spoken politely that he already

paid the debt with sincere. In CALD, have refers to ‘giving sincerely without any

problem of it’ (2008). JS describes to Davy Jones that William Turner is willing to

give his soul as JS’ replacement in paying his debt.

Data 6 in minute 01:04:15 01:04:30

“Due to be married. Betrothed. Dividing him from her and her from him would only be half as cruel as actually allowing them to be joined in holy matrimony. Eh?”

In Dividing him from her and her from him, the utterance dividing comes from word divide in CALD which means ‘separated some parts or group’(2012:130). JS

27

tries to explain that Davy Jones commit a cruelty because he captured person that has been already betrothed.

Data 7 in minute 01:17:30 01:17:34

“You know these clothes do not flatter you at all it should be a dress or nothing , I happen to have no dress in my cabin.”

In You know these clothes do not flatter, based on CALD, flatter means

‘praise someone to feel attractive’ (2008). This utterance is used by JS when he talked

to Elizabeth Swann that she always wore gown and never wore another dress.

3.1.1.2 Basilect

In contrast of acrolect used in formal situation, basilect is employed in informal

situation. The researcher found three data of basilect mentioned in chapter three as

sampling because they have similar situation.

Data 8 in minute 00:14:15,795 00:14:19,382

“I thought not. If it were, there’d be rum.”

The utterance I thought not. There’d be rum is used when JS was trying to be

friendly because he used there’d that is abbreviation from ‘there had’. This utterance

is used because JS knew that he has higher status while he was in informal situation

with his old friend and ex-crew of his ship. If they are in formal situation or Bill

Turner has higher status than him, JS probably used utterance “I hope not. If it were,

there had to be rum”.

Data 9 in minute 00:45:40,763 00:45:44,809

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“I shall trade you the compass if you will help me to find this”

The utterance I shall trade you the compass, if you will help me to find this is

used by JS to force someone to do something because he has higher status from Will

Turner. JS forced Will Turner to find something that JS really needs. If Will Turner

has higher status than him, then it would be “If you mind, I shall trade my compass if

you willing help me to find this”.

Data 10 in minute 01:05:34,540 01:05:40,588

“Fortunately, he was mum as to the condition in which these souls need be”

The utterance Fortunately, he was mum as to the condition in which these

souls need beis used by JS because Davy Jones asks him a hundred souls but do not

explain the condition of souls going to be caught. Therefore, mum as the condition

means that Davy Jones does not explain in detail of the soul condition. JS talks this

utterance to his crew Mr. Gibbs and it will be totally different if JS talks to Davy

Jones that it will become “You do not explain in detail about condition of souls or

men you need.”

3.1.1.3 Slang

Slang is utterance that is used as a word that might replace what that group refers.

The data used are 5 data of 7 because they have similarity in word.

Data 11 in minute 00:16:20,002 00:16:24,674

“Any idea when Jones might release said terrible beastie?”

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In utterance any idea when Jones might release said terrible beastie, based on

CALD beastie means ‘Humorous of animal’ (2008). This utterance is used when JS

tries to refer horrible creature that Davy Jones possesses named Kraken.

Data 11 in minute 00:46:07,748 00:46:10,668

“Savvy?”

Savvy in CALD means ‘knowledge and ability’ (2008). JS used to repeat this

word because it has similar meaning with ‘you understand, right?’ that refers to

capability to understand and to do something.

.Data 12 in minute 00:50:00,582 00:50:04,860

“you go back to Port Royal and save your bonnie lass, eh?”

The word Bonnie lass is derived from word bonny which means ‘beautiful and

healthy’ and word lass means ‘young woman’. JS uses this utterance to describe

Elizabeth Swann to Will Turner because they are already engaged.

Data 13 in minute 01:46:08,683 --> 01:46:10,476

“Not so easy, is it?”

The utterance Not so easy, is it? is used when JS replies to Will Turner that said “Sea

turtles, mate. A pair of them, strapped to my feet” before. Because of Will Turner

says that he strapped to my feet JS thinks that it will be a lie so he replies ‘not so

easy, is it?’

30

Data 14 in minute 01:51:57,323 01:51:59,158

“Still rooting for you, mate”

Rooting in CALD is from word ‘root for’ that means ‘support a someone

player’ (2008). This utterance is used by JS to support James Norington to win the

battle for love of Elizabeth Swann but James was rejected because she prefers Will

Turner as a couple. JS takes advantage by reminding him about that moment so that

he can escape.

Data 15 in minute 02:03:24 02:03:27

“Where is the ‘thump-thump?”

Thump-thump in CALD is from word ‘thump’ that means ‘causes a

noise’(2008). It is said by JS because he puts the heart of Davy Jones inside the jar

that he gets from Tia Dalma and makes noise so JS says ‘where is the thump-thump’.

3.1.1.4 Argot

Argot is similar with slang but different from codes especially used in pirate society.

The data in use are8 of 11 because the data have similarity in word.

Data 16 in minute 00:16:54,954 00:16:59,542

“On Deck! Scurry!”

Scurry in CALD means ‘move quickly’ (2008). In writing term Scurry refers

to word Move to mouse. Because it is used for mouse, JS wants to explain that his

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crew looks like mouse. Scurry does not mean to move quickly but means that his crew

looks like mouse.

Data 17 in minute 00:16:59,709 00 :17:03,379

“Lift the skin up! Keep your loof! Haul those sheets!”

JS utters Skin up to mean that the crew should move faster because the sail is

ready to go. Loof here means don’t forget what actually you do referring to position

on the ship. Sheets here means sail cloth that is already prepared and ready to use.

Data 18in minute 01:04:58,296 01:05:01,549

“Shall we seal it in blood? I mean ink.”

JS talks to Davy Jones and makes an arrangement of deals so when JS said we

seal in blood which means ‘they called as agreement’. Because Davy Jones is a

human with octopus head, so JS said I mean ink to describe Davy Jones a lot easier.

Data 19in minute 00:56:39,463 00:56:41,924

“Do not underestimate her”

Her uttered by JS does not mean girl or woman who might take chance to

fight Will back but it means ‘a ship’. JS and ship crew called it as her because he

really loves with his ship. This pronoun is also used by other pirates to express their

love to their ships.

Data 20in minute 02:01:03,869 02:01:06,622

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“Hard to starboard”

In CALD Starboard means ‘the right sides of a ship or aircraft as you are

facing forward’ (2008). In pirates it means ‘go flee and run away from the battle’ in

context that it is impossible to win it. JS said that to his crew to flee after facing the

battle, however.

Data 21 in minute 01:05:34,540 01:05:40,588

“fortunately, he was mum as to the condition in which these souls need be”

Mum in CALD means ‘to say nothing about a subject’ (2008). JS wants to

explain that Davy Jones does not explain clearly about condition and situation of the

souls. He just needs a hundred souls in three days but does not explain how they look

like regarding to their health condition that they bought from another port. Therefore,

JS pointed that mum here focuses on the vastness of Davy Jones’ explanation about

the victim’s condition.

Data 22 in minute 01:39:49,220 01:39:56,269

“You know...Lizzie, I am captain of a ship”

JS utters Lizzie to refer to a woman crew in the ship because in pirate ship

most of crews are men. When they got a crew from different gender especially

woman, they called it Lizzie. JS called this to Elizabeth Swann because she joined to

be his ship crew that before contained with men. Name Lizzie is derived from Spanish

sailor who explored the world for the first time.

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Data 23 in minute 02:10:38,194 02:10:40,549

“She’s only a ship, mate”

JS utters She’s to the Black Pearl because he as a pirate prioritized his ship

more than anything for it is the pride of pirates. This priority is quite similar with his

respect to his mother among others.

Data 24 in minute 00:14:57,378 00:15:04,302

“So it's you, then,he shanghaied youinto service, eh?”

In CALD Shanghaied is mean ‘to force someone to do something’ (2008).JS

utters it to tell that Davy Jones kidnapped Bill turner and forced him to serve him.

Afterwards, shanghaied is used or uttered to tell someone that he or she is forced by

someone to be servant.

3.1.1.5. Colloquial

Colloquial is an utterance which is not used for writing form but still can be

understood through short utterance. The data used are 4 of 44 because they have

similarity in situation.

Data 25in minute 00:57:21,172 00:57:23,716

“Douse the lamp.”

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Douse the lamp is similar with ‘turn off the lamp’. JS uses colloquial because

he tries to hide from Davy Jones. JS asks to douse the lamp to his crew to avoid

meeting with Davy Jones.

Data 26 in minute 01:17:25,501 01:17:28,004

“Hide the rum.”

JS tried to command his crew to hide the rum because there is Elizabeth in

their ship. JS uses colloquial because he is shocked when Elizabeth comes to his ship

and he is afraid that Elizabeth will throw his rum again.

Data 27 in minute 01:19:15,278 01:19:21,909

“My Compass is Unique”

JS tells to Elizabeth that his compass is unique by using colloquial because it

can be used as a confession of something to someone.

Data 28 in minute 02:11:18,234 02:11:21,070

“We’re not free yet, love”

JS talked to Elizabeth that they are not free from the Kraken which attacked

their ship .Not free yet, love depicts that JS gave up for his ship that has been caught

by Kraken then he said that they must run to be free.

3.1.1.6 Vulgar

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Vulgar is an offensive and inappropriate word in current situation when the speaker is

uneducated person, in anger and mocking the hearer for some certain situations. The

data used are7 of 13 because it has similar situation.

Data 29in minute 00:35:25,106 00:35:15,304

“Bugger”

Bugger is offensive word used by JS when he talks to himself; he used it

because he failed to jump to other side.

Data 30 in minute 01:31:52,285 01:31:56,038

“As I said, persuade me”

JS wants Elizabeth to persuade him. He said persuade me that people usually

do not said to the girl they barely know. Jack said that because he was looking for

proof whether or not she really persuaded Cutler Beckett to get the mail.

Data 31 in minute 01:40:29,552 01:40:31,846

“Trifles”

Trifles in CALD area synonym with boar. Elizabeth tries to tell that JS is

unethical person who do not know how to clean his own body and do not have sense

of honor. JS says trifles because he knows that all what Elizabeth says is true.

Data 32 in minute 02:00:40,471 02:00:53,442

“have you, you slimy git”

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JS utters slimy git to Davy Jones really rudely because Davy Jones had

octopus head for it has slimy texture.

Data 33 in minute 02:00:25,289 02:00:35,132

“I'll handle this, mate

Oi, fishface!

Lose something? Eh? Scungilli!”

What JS means by Fishface here is because Davy Jones is cursed as well as

the whole crew that turned into fishy creature. Scungili is a sea snail look-alike that

is usually eaten by other fishes.JS said lose something? Scungili when he tried to

mock by using its reference.

Data 34 in minute 01:55:27,116 01:55:28,576

“Shut it.”

Shut it has same meaning with ‘can you please be quiet?’ that is uttered by JS

when he referred to the sailor who was looking for his own head which is really

talkative when it separated from his body.

Data 35 in minute 01:41:12,053 01:41:14,889

“I love those moments. I like to wave at them as they pass by”

Wave at them as they pass by uttered by JS means that he mocks and waves

his hand when someone drowns at sea and he did not help them.

3.1.1.7 Jargon

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It is similar with slang and argot that it is used to replace word by other reference

regarding to what they do. The data used are 3 of 10 because has similar word.

Data 36 in minute 01:43:01,078 01:43:05,750

“Guard the boat. Mind the tide”

In sea voyage Mind the tide means ‘careful about storm in front of’. JS talks

mind the tide to Pintell and Ragetti because he is still hunted by Davy Jones after

failing to pay his debt.

Data 37 in minute 00:45:20,451 00:45:23,371

“We have a need to travel upriver”

Travel upriver means that JS and his ship crew want to sail to shallow sea and

try to avoid the deep sea because JS wants to meet Tia Dalma that settles in coastal

waters.

Data 38 in minute 01:17:07,942 01:17:10,528

“Come to join me crew, lad?

Welcome aboard.”

Welcome aboard means ‘you are accepted being crew and join the sea

voyage’. JS talks to Elizabeth Swann while she is passing by him and uttering

‘captain Sparrow’. She was also looking for her fiancé.

Data39 in minute 01:20:19,133 --> 01:20:21,302

38

“We have our heading”

Heading is about where sailors will sail and where they are going to.

3.1.2 Factors that influence in social dialect

The factor is taken from some utterances of society. The factor that influences social

dialect is divided into three: Age, gender, and occupation.

3.1.2.1 Age

Age makes influence in word usage system regarding its politeness and impoliteness.

This is just a sample to explain the situation made by JS with older or younger person

in his dialogue.

Data 40 in minute 00:06:43,17500:06:53,769

“Sorry, mate. Mind if we make a little side trip? I didn't think so.”

In this utterance JS asked so politely to the corpse because he had already died

long time ago. In this situation JS looks like trying to make the situation calm so he

asked really nice by uttering ‘Mind if we make a little side trip?’

Data 41 in minute 01:02:54,463 01:02:58,342

“Technically I was only captain for two years, then I was viciously mutinied upon”

In I was viciously mutinied upon JS explains about how and why he does not

want to give his soul because he think that he had just been a captain of Black Pearl

39

for two years. He explains this situation to Davy Jones because he is younger than

him.

3.1.2.2 Gender

Gender is a separated language used to differ between how men and women talk.

Below are just some samples that explain the situation made by JS with older or

younger person in his dialogue.

Data 42 in minute01:17:24,000 01:17:31,090

“You know these clothes do not flatter you at all. It should be a dress or nothing I happen to have no dress in my cabin”

‘It should be a dress or nothing I happen to have no dress in my cabin ’is used

in situation when JS met Elizabeth Swann and told her that he did not have any dress

in wardrobe and that she looked very good whether or not she wore dress.

Data 43 in minute 01:17:39,724 01:17:55,114

“Darling, I am truly unhappy to have to tell you this, but through unfortunate entirely unforcibly circumstances that had nothing whatsoever to do with me”

Here JS was making Elizabeth relaxed from situation and he said that did not

do anything wrong like he did not do anything. What he only knew is that the groom

was kidnapped by another pirate.

3.1.2.3 Occupation

40

It is different word used when someone knows that he or she has higher status than

his or hers. It is also used on how society sees and knows the personality of him or

her. The sample explains about the situation made by JS with older or younger person

in his dialogue.

Data 44 in minute 00:51:09,467 00:51:14,221

“There'll be no knowing here. We've come for help and we're not leaving

without it”

JS asks someone very nicely and he knows that he needs help. Therefore, JS

knows that his status is lower than his or hers.

Data 45 in minute 01:03:41,844 01:03:45,765

“You're a diamond, mate. Send me back the boy. I'll get started right off.”

What JS means by You’re a diamond, mate is that Davy Jones loaned the

Black Pearl, and this makes JS use word very carefully and praise by using diamond.