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CHAPTER III

DISCUSSION

A. Description of SDN 02 Karanganyar

1. General Description

SDN 02 Karanganyar is one of elementary schools in Karanganyar

Sub district. It is located at Jl. Abdul Rahman Saleh, Tegalmulyo,

Karanganyar. The location of this school is close to the busy road therefore

sometimes disturbs the teaching and learning activity. SDN 2 Karanganyar

had a head master to lead the school management and bureaucracy. He

was Mr. Agus Darmanto, S.Pd.

SDN 02 Karanganyar was built in 1957. The school is established

in the land area of 863 m2. The width of the building is about 593 m2 and

its field is about 270 m2. Previously, this school was named SDN 05

Karanganyar. Based on decision latter (SK no. 422/C17/1/36/48), it

changed to be SDN 02 Karanganyar in 1976.

The school had many rooms. It consisted of six classrooms, a

teacher room (including a headmaster room), a library, a computer

laboratory, a warehouse, a kitchen, 4 bathrooms, and a praying room. SDN

02 Karanganyar had a simple and small building.

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In academic year of 2014/2015 the number of the students was 251,

divided into 6 classes, with the details below:

1st grade : 42 students

2nd grade : 39 students

3rd grade : 34 students

4th grade : 46 students

5th grade : 47 students

6th grade : 43 students

SD N 2 Karanganyar had 13 teachers (including the headmaster),

six of them to be class teachers to guide the student in the classroom. They

taught all of main materials appropriate with the curriculum. There were

five teachers who focused on teaching the specific subjects such as

Religion, English, Javanese, Computer, and Sport. On the other hand, one

of them had double roles, as a headmaster and a Javanese teacher. The

teachers were responsible for the teaching and learning process.

2. Vision and Mission of SDN 02 Karanganyar

1. The vision of SDN 02 Karanganyar is “Dengan Taqwa Kepada Tuhan

Yang Maha Esa, Kita Cerdaskan Anak Bangsa, Terampil dan Berbudi

Pekerti.”

2. These are three Missions of SDN 02 Karanganyar:

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a. Through the formal and informal education, we educate the

children to be independent in the future, with self ability and noble

character.

b. Making the human resources active, creative, and innovative in

facing the globalization era.

c. Building image of the school as a trust partner in the society.

3. The extracurricular activities of SDN 03 Karanganyar

Some extracurricular activities of SDN 02 Karnganyar are:

1. Scouting

The Scout activity at SDN 02 Karanganyar played a great role to create

perfect personality and mentality of the students. The scout activity was

held on Saturday, at 15.00 pm up to 17.00 pm. This activity was taught

for the students of third grade up to fifth grade. Through Scout

activities, the students trained their skills and actualized their

creativities to prepare the real life in their own community.

2. Rebana

Rebana could be called as an orchestra that was accompanied by

religious or Islamic songs. It could give religious science to students.

This activity was held on Friday at 15.00 up to 17.00.

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4. The Organization Structure of SDN 02 Karanganyar

The organization of SDN 02 Karanganyar refers to the

organization structure of Dinas UPT PUD NFI and SD Karanganyar Sub

district, as follows:

DISDIKPORA KARANGANYAR SUB-

DISTRICT

HEAD MASTER SCHOOL

COMMITTEE

THE STUDENTS SOCIETY

1st GRADE TEACHER

2nd GRADE TEACHER

COMPUTER TEACHER

ISLAMIC TEACHER

MULOK TEACHER

SPORT TEACHER

5th GRADE TEACHER

6th GRADE TEACHER

4th GRADE TEACHER

CHATOLIC TEACHER

CRISTIAN TEACHER

3rd GRADE TEACHER

ENGLISH TEACHER

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The local government decided a regulation for teachers’ uniform. On

Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday, the teachers should wear the regency uniform.

While on Thursday and Friday, they should wear the traditional clothes (batik) for

their uniform. And on Saturday, they should wear scout uniform. It was a

regulation from local government of Mr. Yuliatmono.

The teaching and learning process started at 07.00 am on Tuesday to

Saturday. But on Monday, teaching and learning activities started at 07.30 am,

because they had a flag assembly. On Tuesday until Thursday, this school

arranged schedule to the event of memorizing verses of Al-qur’an (hafalan surat

pendek Al-qur’an). It was a regulation from the headmaster of SDN 02

Karanganyar, Mr. Agus Darmanto, S.Pd. Before entering the classroom, the

students made a simple ceremony in front of the class. Then, they entered the

classroom by shaking hand with the teacher. Before the learning process, the

students were prepared to pray by class leader. In addition, the lesson ends at

12.45 everyday but on Friday the activity was ended at 10.30 and on Saturday the

activity was ended at 10.00.

B. Job Training Activity

Class Observation

During job training, I did an observation to the school. It included the

facilities, the teaching and learning process, and the student’s activities. From the

observation, I got the information about the class condition, the schedule of

English subject, and the total of students.

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The English lesson was taught from the 1st to 6th grade students. English

lesson in the curriculum was just to be a school local lesson which was taught

once a week for every grade. Each meeting was 70 minutes for one lesson. I

focused on the 5th grade in this job training to be used for an observation object.

There were 47 students in the 5th grade of SDN 2 Karanganyar which

consisted of 26 male students and 21 female students. The facilities of the class

were good enough. The class completed with 24 tables, 50 chairs, a blackboard, a

case, a teacher’s table, a teacher’s chair, and many decorations on the wall. The

decorations were hung on the wall to make the class beautiful and to get general

knowledge. Those decorations were map, pictures of hero, proverbs, president and

vice president of Republic Indonesia. The classroom was clean enough because

many students were scheduled to clean the classroom into the rolling system for 5

students per day so, this classroom was quite comfortable for learning and

teaching activity.

C. Material Preparation

To support the activity of teaching and learning English, the teacher needs

a good manner and time management. Therefore, the materials are arranged in a

lesson plan. Lesson plan will help the teacher to arrange and guide in teaching and

learning process for getting good purpose. In the lesson plan, one topic will be

taught for more than one meeting because it needs four meetings to complete the

material well. The supporting material which can help the teacher in learning and

teaching activity is a picture as an illustration of material given. Therefore, the

colour pictures as the medium were prepared to make the material clearly and

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easily to understand. All of the preparation above was arranged into the lesson

plan enclosed in the appendices.

D. The Teaching and Learning Activities

After making a lesson plan that had been enclosed in appendices, I applied

them for teaching activity. The time allocation for English lesson was 70 minutes.

Before beginning the class, both the teacher and the students prayed together. It

was always performed before beginning the lesson. After that, I did greeting the

students, as follows:

Teacher : Good morning....

Students : Good morning Miss

Teacher : How are you today?

Students : I’m fine, you?

Teacher : I’m fine too, Thank you

The greeting was performed in the beginning of the English lesson to make the

students familiar to speak in English. After that, I started to explain the lesson

related to the material by using picture. The picture was used in warming up,

presentation, and assessment steps. Warming up is first step to introduce the topic

in teaching activity. The material was taught to students in presentation step. After

that, the assessment was given to check comprehend.

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E. The Process of Teaching English Vocabularies

In this part, I would like to explain about the process of teaching English

vocabularies. The material must be given to the students. Therefore, the strategy

have to be prepared to teach them. In this part, I made the strategy to give the

material. The use of picture in teaching English vocabularies was a strategy to

give the material to the young learners.

1. Using Pictures in teaching and learning process

To attract students’ attention, I used the pictures in the process of

teaching English vocabularies. The pictures could make the material easily to

understand. It was used in warming up, presentation, and assessment steps.

a. Warming Up

Warming up is the first step in teaching process. This activity was

performed to introduce the new material and to catch the student's attention.

And, the question was also given to the students related to the topic. The

questions were as follows:

The teacher : I have some pictures. Do you know them? (While

showing the pictures)

Picture 3.1: Teaching Activity

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Picture 3.2: The Types of Food and Drink

http://englishexcercises.blogspot.co.id/2014/04/soal-bahasa-inggris-kelas-5-food-and.html

The students : “some students answer yes and some answer no”

The teacher : I show the picture containing the types of food and drink.

Okay students, we will learn about “food and drink” today.

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b. Presentation

In this activity, I taught the materials to the students by using picture

as a medium of teaching. It was a strategy to deliver the material easily. First

of all, the students had to repeat the names of objects after me. For examples:

Teacher : Fried rice

Students : Fried rice

Picture 3.3: Fried Rice

www.zomato.com

Teacher : Noodles

Students : Noodles

Picture 3.4: Noodles

www.flightcentre.co.za

Teacher : Bread

Students : Bread

Picture 3.5: Bread

wolipop.detik.com

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The pictures could make the students interested in learning activity. After the

students knew the names of all the objects, it was shown again to check

whether they listened well or not.

To make the students develop their speaking skill, I used the pictures

to make the materials deliver more easily. Then, the students had to answer

the questions about the pictures, for example:

Teacher : What is it?

Students : It is strawberry juice

Teacher : What are the ingredients of

strawberry juices?

Students : water, ice cube, strawberry

Teacher : very good

Picture 3.6: Strawberry Juice

www.i2clipart.com

And then I pointed one of the students.

Teacher : Kanisa, What foods do you like? (While showing the pictures)

Picture 3.7: The Types of Food and Drink

www.slideshare.net

Kanisa : I like cake (/keɪk/)

Teacher : How do you spell it?

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Kanisa : /si/ei/kei/i/

Teacher : very good

This activity could make the students understand the objects and help them to

say the names of the objects properly.

c. Assessment

Assessment was needed to check the students’ comprehension about

the material that had been given in teaching and learning activity. The

purpose of the assessment was to know whether they understood or not after

learning together. The assessment was in the form of exercises that were a

combination of the teacher’s write and the exercise book. It checked four skill

elements of language such as; reading, writing, listening, and speaking. I took

one of tasks from handbook “Erlangga” or the internet to search a reference to

write the exercises. The tasks were about the food and drink.

Exercise 1

Matching In this activity, I gave the students an answer sheet. The students had to match the picture in the left column with the suitable words in the right column.

Match the pictures and the words below correctly! A. Coffee

B. Fried rice (as a sample)

C. Cake

D. Fried chicken

E. Bread F. Ice cream

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Exercise 2 Let’s read this story.

Picture 3.8: The story

“Grow with English” by Erlangga Book

Lina is in the canteen. She orders for the food and drink. Lina eats

soto in the canteen. She eats soto because it is delicious. When Lina is

thirsty, she always drinks ice tea.

Vocabulary (kosa kata) Order: memesan Eat: makan Because: karena

Thirsty: haus Drink: minum Delicious: enak

Table 3.1: vocabulary

a. Answer the question! (Jawablah pertanyaan berikut!) 1. Where is Lina? 2. Does Lina order food and drink? 3. Does Lina eat soto? 4. Why does Lina eat soto? 5. What does she drink?

b. State true (T) or false (F) based on the text! (Tentukan benar atau salah berdasarkan bacaan) 1. Lina is in the library. (.......) 2. She orders food and drink. (.......) 3. Lina eats soto. (.......) 4. She thinks soto is not delicious. (.......) 5. She always drinks ice cream. (.......)

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Exercise 3

Arranging the words In this section, the students had to arrange the words into a good sentence, for example: Arrange the words into a good sentence!

Example : rice – like – I = I like rice don’t – I – pizza – like = I don’t like pizza

1. Orange – I – juice – like 2. Cake – like – I 3. Like – I – don’t - coffee 4. Noodles – I - like 5. I – ice tea – like

Excercise 4

Playing games

The games were also used in this activity by using picture. It was a

combination between some references from other books and teachers’

creativity related four aspect; listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The

students had to practice the games in group. The games were:

Whisper game

In this activity, I gave a list of the sentences to use in whisper

game. Then, the students divided into 5 groups. One of the members of the

group should whisper the sentence to others. Then, the last member should

write the sentence on the whiteboard. The sentences were as follows:

Group 1 : I like noodles Group 2 : I like fried chicken Group 3 : I like strawberry juice Group 4 : I don’t like pizza Group 5 : I don’t like coffee If the students had written the sentence correctly, they got a score.

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Guessing game

The game was aimed at practicing reading, writing and speaking

skill. The rules of the game was that student had to complete the recipe,

then one of students had to read the ingredients and the steps of the recipe

in front of the class then the other students had to guess what food or drink

he meant.

How to make .......................... Ingredients: Bread .......................... ..................... ........................... ........................... Steps: -Provide bread -Add meat, cheese, lettuce, tomato, and garlic on the bread -Hamburger is ready to serve.

How to make ................................ Ingredients: orange ................... ..................... Steps: -Put orange, ice cube, and sugar into a blender and mix them -Pour into a glass -Orange juice is ready to serve.

How To Make .................. Ingredients : noodle ................. ......................... .................................. Steps: -Boil Water in a small pan. -Once boiled, add noodle. -Mix seasoning powder, oil, soy sauce and chilli powder on a plate. -Cook for about 3 minutes. -Add noodle to the plate and mix well with the seasoning. -Noodle is ready to serve

How to make ................. Ingredients: strawberry .......................... ............................ Steps: -Put strawberry, ice cube, and sugar into a blender and mix them -Pour into a glass -strawberry juice is ready to serve

Table 3.2: Guessing Game

In this game, I pointed one of the students to read the recipe in front of the

class. For example:

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Teacher : Fajar, read the recipe, please!

Student : Okay miss. The Ingredients are bread, meat, cheese,

lettuce, tomato, and garlic. And the steps such as provide

bread, add meat, cheese, lettuce, tomato, and garlic on the

bread. What is it?

Student : Yaaa (put his hands up)

Teacher : Okay, Rangga

Student : It is Hamburger

Teacher : very good. Give applause for Rangga

After that, the score gave to the students if their answer was correct.

2. Closing

It was an activity that the teacher repeated the material to check

students’ understanding. In this session, I also asked some questions to the

students. The questions were “any question?” and “what have we learnt

today?” The homeworks were also given to the students, so, they could learn

the material at home. Then, I closed the lesson by saying:

The teacher : Well students. The time is over. That’s all for the lesson

today. Good bye... and see you tomorrow....

The students : See you Miss....

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F. The Problem and Solution of The Use of Picture in Teaching Vocabulary

to The Fifth Grade of SDN 02 Karanganyar

There are some problems found in teaching activity. This part explains

about the problems. The problems in teaching activity are as follows:

a. Time allocation

In the teaching activity, I had 70 minutes only to deliver the material.

It included greeting, presenting, and assessing. The lesson plan should be

managed to cover those activities. Unfortunately, managing the students also

needed time. The students were busy in chatting while I explained the

material to them. This problem made the activity not on time. In solving the

problem, I used the strategy to attract students by some instructions. The

instructions were given to make the students active in learning activity. If the

students did not focus in the material, they got the punishment. It was

successful to get their attention so the learning activity kept on the schedule.

b. Picture size

In the first time I did job training, the students complained that the

size of picture was small. The students who sat in the last lines and in the

corner of the classroom could not see the picture clearly. In solving the

problem, I made a paper in landscape so the picture’s size could be enlarged

into the maximum size. Then, the picture was shown by walking around in

the classroom so the students could see the picture clearly.

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c. There was no handbook

In English subject, the school did not provide English exercise book or

“LKS” to the students so I wrote the exercise on the whiteboard that could

reduce the time allocation and made the learning activity not finished on time.

It was because “BOS” (Bantuan Operasional Sekolah) was only given for the

main subjects. Besides that, English subject was included into local subject.

Without the supporting facility, the learning activity was not effective. In

solving this problem, I looked for other reference books or took from the

internet. Sometimes, the references were copied if there were important

information that could not be written. I also made a test from the English

book.

d. Linguistic Problems

In learning foreign language, learners must adjust the pronunciation

and the spelling the word. There were some mistakes that were done by

students in spelling and pronunciation.

1. Spelling problems

Students still did some mistakes in spelling the word. These

problems were found in speaking and writing session. In speaking session,

I wrote the dialogue about ordering food and drink on the whiteboard then

the students had to practice it.

Practice and study the dialogue below!

Hendra : I am hungry. Andre : What do you want to eat? (apakah kamu ingin makan?) Hendra : I want to eat a plate of fried rice. And you?

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Andre : I am not hungry. But, I am thirsty. Hendra : What do you want to drink?(apakah kamu ingin minum?) Andre : I want to drink a glass of ice tea. Hendra : Ok.

The student did some mistakes in pronouncing the vocabulary on

the dialog above, are as follows:

No. The types of food

and drink

Incorrect

pronunciation

Correct

pronunciation

1. Hungry /hungri/ /ˈhʌŋ.gri/

2. Ice /es/ /aɪs/

3. Fried rice /fred rais/ /fraɪd/ /raɪs/

Table 3.3: Pronunciation mistake on the dialog

Besides that, I also gave them some games related to the topic

“food and drink”. They were guessing game and whisper game. The guess

game needed a worksheet to complete the blank recipes. In the whispering

game, the students had to write the sentence on the whiteboard after

listening a sentence that had been whispered from their friends.

For example:

Whisper the sentence to your friend and write on the board Group 1 : I like noodles Group 2 : I like fried chicken Group 3 : I like strawberry juice Group 4 : I don’t like pizza Group 5 : I don’t like coffee

The student still did some mistakes in spelling the vocabulary in

the whisper game, are as follows:

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No. The types of food and

drink

Incorrect

spelling

Correct

spelling

1. Chicken Chiken Chicken

2. Coffee Coffe Coffee

3. Don’t Don’t don’t

Table 3.4: Spelling Mistake on the whisper game

In the last session of whisper game, the students had to write the

sentences on the whiteboard. They still did some mistakes in written the

word “chiken” and “coffe”. I gave the correct word “chiken” should be

written “chicken” and “coffe” should be written “coffee”. The students

also made a mistake in written verb “dont” they were not add quote (‘). So

I gave the correct word “dont” should be written “don’t” with quote.

2. Pronunciation

Students did some mistakes in pronouncing the words too. To

solve it, I showed the word while telling the correct names of pictures

about the types of food and drink. They were: fried chicken, ice tea, cake,

tomato juice, etc.

The student still did some mistakes in pronouncing the vocabulary,

are as follows:

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No The types of food and

drink

Incorrect

Pronunciation

Correct Pronunciation

1. Cake /cake/ /keɪk/

2. Ice tea /es ti/ /aɪs/ /tiː/

3. Tomato /tomato/ /təˈmɑː.təʊ/

4. Noodle /nodel/ /ˈnuː.dl ̩/

5. Fried rice /fred rais/ /fraɪd/ /raɪs/

6. Thirsty /tirsti/ /ˈθɜː.sti/

7. Sugar /sugar/ /ˈʃʊg.ə r /

8. Lettuce /letus/ /ˈlet.ɪs/

Table 3.5: Pronunciation Mistake on the guessing game

To solve the problem, the students had to repeat after me for following

how to pronounce the word correctly.