Chapter Six: The Atom

• 6.1 Fundamental Particles and Forces

• 6.2 Electrons in the Atom

What is matter made from?

Water is matter made from 3 atoms.

2 Hydrogen atoms and 1 Oxygen atom

H2O H2O

What is an atom?

What is an atom?

• Atoms are the smallest form of matter.

• Each element has a different kind of atom

What are atoms made of?

• Protons (+)

• Neutrons (0)

• Electrons (-)

What is in the center of an atom?

Protons and Neutrons in the nucleus

What is surrounding the nucleus?

Electrons

Which part has the least mass?

• Electrons

• Protons and Neutrons are big in comparison

Neutron

What keeps the electrons from flying off?• Electrons are bound to

the nucleus by the attractive force between electrons (-) and protons (+).

List the charges

Protons-- positive (+)

Electrons--negative (-)

Neutrons--no charge (0)

(neutral)

Question 1

What part of the atom has no charge and is found in the nucleus?

NEUTRON

Question 2

The number of protons and electrons in an atom are the same. (T/F)

TRUE

Question 3

Neutrons are about the same size as _________.

PROTONS

Question 4

An atom could be described as:

Electrons in the center with protons in random patterns around them. (T/F)

FALSE

Question 5

If an atom has 7 protons how many electrons will it have?

7

Atoms, Elements and the Periodic Table

Each element on the Periodic Table has it’s own unique atom

Atom #2 Atom #20

How are atoms of different elements different?

The atoms of different elements contain different numbers of protons in the nucleus.

helium=2 protons calcium=20 protons

What is the atomic number?

Because the number of protons is so important, it is called the atomic number.

How many protons does Oxygen have?

Protons

Atomic mass

EIGHT

Question 6

The atomic number is the number of ___________.

PROTONS

Question 7

All gold atoms have the same number of ______________.

PROTONS

Question 8

What is the atomic number of potassium?

Question 9

In a Silver atom with a mass number of 108 and an atomic number of 47, what is

the number of protons?

47

Question 10

How many electrons does an atom of Nitrogen have?

The Atom Board

• What is inside an atom?

The Atom

Make an atom with 5 protons

Make Lithium (Li)

Make Beryllium (Be)

Make a Helium (He) atom with a mass of 4.

Make a atom with 6 electrons.