chapter six–– the culture of rome

8/14/2019 Chapter Six the Culture of Rome

1/13

Chapter Six

The Culture of Rome


2/13

Early Hellenistic Rome

Philip IIconquered Greece by around 338 BCE

Alexander the Great, a Macedonian tutored by Aristotle,

spread Greek culture and language by conquering Persia,Mesopotamia, and Egypt

Hellenistic means Greek-like

The rise ofindividuality.


3/13

Two New Philosophies

Stoicism

Taught by Zeno

The Stoic GodHuman soul = a

piece of DivineReason

Apathy for anythingnot concerned withvirtue

Epicureanism

Taught by Epicurus

Misery caused byfear (of gods and life

after death)

Atoms and

Molecules

Maximize pleasure,

minimize pain


4/13

The Roman Empire

Optimates and

Populares

The Senate,Patricians,

and Tribunes

The difference between

Greek democracy and

the Roman republic


5/13

Julius Caesar

(100-44 BCE) Established a dictatorship

after Pompeys death

Codified laws, regulatedtaxation, inaugurated

public works projects,

and granted citizenship to

non-Italians

Reformed the western

calendar


6/13

Caesar and Cleopatra

A political affair

Reality and mythology

A child named

Caesarion


7/13

The Fall of the Roman Empire

Caesar was assassinated

on March 15, 44 BCE,

by Marcus Brutus,Gaius Cassius, and

other senators

ANew Triumvirate is

formed by OctavianCaesar, Mark Antony,

and Marcus Lepidus to

capture the assassins


8/13

Antony and Cleopatra

A love affair?

Octavian Caesars war on

Egypt

Mark Antony and Cleopatracommit suicide after losingtheBattle of Actium in 30

BCE

Caesarian is brutallymurdered


9/13

Pax RomanaRoman Peace

Octavian accepts the title ofAugustus Caesar(theRevered One) from the Senate and becomes a

powerful figure in controlling the direction Romesarmy as well as the states finances

Other popular emperors include Vespasian, Titus,Trajan, andHadrian

ThePax Romana fell due to three mad emperorssucceeding Augustus CaesarTiberius, Caligula, and

Nero


10/13

Entertainment in Ancient Rome

Roman Bathhouses

Regular meeting places

for men to discussbusiness and exchange

news

The Circus Maximus

High speed horseracing


11/13

Days and Nights at the Colosseum

Gladitorial Combat

Began as a funeral

ritualDifferent kinds of

combatants

Naval battles


12/13

Romes Men of Words

Marcus Tullus Cicero (106-44 BCE), orator and translatorof Greek literature into Latin

Also composed his own book of philosophy

Ovid(43 BCE-c.17 CE), author ofThe Art of Love and TheMetamorphoses

Virgil(70-19 BCE), famous for an epic poem called TheAeneid, which is like HomersIliadand Odyssey praisingRome, which makes it less individualistic as its Greekcounterpart


13/13

The Birth of Satire

Horaceprimarily a poet, he

believed poetry must be

both dulce (sweet) and

utile (useful)

Created thesatire, which

was used to ridicule the

world

Mild and humorous satirewith an optimistic nature

Juvenal a writer of very cruel,

bitingly honest and

sarcastic satire

Used to expose and

riducule things with a

very pessimistic nature

Petronius, author ofThe Satyricon

chapter six–– the culture of rome

Documents