chapter16 ftth
TRANSCRIPT
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E1E1--E2 (CFA)E2 (CFA)
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(FTTH)(FTTH)
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High Speed Data High QualityVideo
DependableVoice
Service
To day customers wantsTo day customers wants
These services are delivered byDigital Subscriber Lines (DSL)
Cable ModemsWireless
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Video
Data User
USER REQUIREMENTUSER REQUIREMENT
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e pre erre user srequirement
Voice
Many services on one infrastructure is efficient
Commercially viable for network owner/operator
Efficiency = lower costs for users and service providers
Enhanced choice is attractive to customers
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To meet the costumers demand, service provider needs
a Robust networking solution.
The solution is fiber based networks on fiber based
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tec no og es or
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FTTH OFFERSFTTH OFFERS
Unlimited bandwidth
The flexibility to meet customer demand forinteractive, video-based services.
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Fiber to the x ( FTTX)Fiber to the x ( FTTX)
It is a generic term for any network architecture that uses optical fiber to replaceall or part of the usual copper local loop used
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orm te ecommun cat ons.
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Today, fiber networks come in many varieties,
depending on the termination point .i.e. FTTxFiber To The Node/Network (FTTN)
Fiber To The Curb or Cabinet FTTC
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Fiber To The Buildings (FTTB),
Fiber To The Home (FTTH),
For simplicity, most people have begun torefer to the fiber network as FTTx, in which
x stands for the termination point.
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FTTNFTTN
Fiber to the node/ Neighbourhood (FTTN)/
Fiber to the cabinet (FTT Cab).Fiber- optic cables runs to a nearest serving cabinet
(neighbourhood).
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Customers connect to this cabinet is using twisted pair wiring.
The area served by the cabinet is less than
1500 meters in radius.If the cabinet serve an area of less than 300
meters in radius then the architecture is normally
called fiber to the curb.
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Advantages :-Low Cost
Non-blocking or low- blocking performance bettersupports convergence.
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Extremely flexible to deploy.Allows the use of a variety of media from theTelephone Exchange to the
User .Disadvantages :-Supports less bandwidth
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FTTC (Fiber To The Curb)FTTC (Fiber To The Curb)
OLT
Optical Fiber Cable
Users Home
Copper Cable
ONUOLT
OLT
Optical Fiber Cable
Users Home
Copper Cable
ONUONU
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Central Office
ONU
Central Office
ONUONU
A method of installing optical fiber cable bythe curb near the users home.
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FTTB (Fiber To The BuildingFTTB (Fiber To The Building )
OLT
Optical Fiber Cable
Users Building
ONU
Copper loopsOLT
OLT
Optical Fiber Cable
Users Building
ONU
Copper loops
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E
Central Office
EE
Central Office
By introducing fiber cables from the fiber termination point to the home living space or business office spaceFTTB can be converted to full FTTH.
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FTTH (Fiber To The Home)FTTH (Fiber To The Home)
OLT
Optical Fiber Cable
Users Home
ONU
OLT
OLT
Optical Fiber Cable
Users Home
ONU
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Central OfficeCentral Office
FTTH is the final configuration of accessnetworks using optical fiber cable.
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FTTC, the next step, ensures that fiber is
available very close to the customer/building.FTTN ensure that all the Network Elements
Steps in Evolution of FTTHSteps in Evolution of FTTH
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.
FTTB fiber shall be made available
to all buildings.
FTTH is the next and ultimate stagein this plan.
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Fiber to the PremisesFiber to the Premises
It is a form of fiber-optic communication delivery inwhich an optical fiber runs directly onto thecustomers' premises.2. This is dissimilar with other fiber optic
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,or hybrid fiber coaxial (HFC), all of which dependsupon copper wires or coaxial cable for "last mile"delivery.
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Fiber to the premises can be further categorized according to theoptical fiber ends.
FTTH (Fiber to the Home):- It is the form of fiber opticcommunication network in which optical signal reaches upto
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the end users office.
2- FTTB (Fiber to the Building):- It is the form of fiber opticcommunication delivery in which optical signal reaches uptothe building, but where the fiber terminate before reaching thehome, business premises or set of customers. The remaining
path uses other than Optical Fiber.
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Optical Portion :-Optical Distribution Network have
several technologies to deploy.
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DirectFiber
Sharedfiber
ActiveOptical
Network
PassiveOptical
Network
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Here each fiber leaving the central office goes toexactly one customer .i.e. point to point topology
Provides excellent bandwidth because each
DIRECT FIBERDIRECT FIBER
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customer have their own dedicated fiber.
Costlier due to the large amount of fiber
requirement.
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In this architecture, power equipment is used to
distribute the signal such as switch, router ormultiplexer.
Active optical networkActive optical network
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directed only to the particular customer.Active Ethernet uses optical switches todistribute the signal.Equipment performs layer 2/layer 3 switching
and routing.It can handle upto 1000 customers.
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PON is a point -to-multi point, fiber to the premisesnetwork architecture.
Un-powered optical splitters are used to enablea sin le o tical fiber to serve multi le customers.
Passive Optical NetworksPassive Optical Networks
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A PON configuration with 1:32 splitters reduces
the amount of fiber.Down stream signal from the Central Office is
broadcasted to each customer premises sharing a fiber.Upstream signals are combined using a multiple excess
protocol towards Central Office.
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TechnologyTechnology OptionsOptions for FTTHfor FTTH
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The Optical Line Terminal (OLT) equipment is installedin Central Office as head end.
OLT transmits o tical si nal to s litter, from
Functioning of PON ArchitectureFunctioning of PON Architecture
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where the signal is distributed to multiple customers directlyor via another splitters.
Optical Network Terminals (ONT)terminate the signal at the customer premises.
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Maximum distance is 20 km in between OLT andONT for 1:32 splitter.
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PONs do not require any power for the splitters sooperational cost and complexity is reduced.
Passive optical splitters are used tosplit the fiber/ bandwidth and share among manycustomers.
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1:4
1:8
1:16
1:32
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The basic elements in any PON systemThe basic elements in any PON system
are:OLT : A Central Office (CO) equipment providing
PON with the various network interfacesONU/ONT : An External Plant / Customer Premisese ui ment rovidin user interface for man /sin le
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customer PON : distributed or single staged passive opticalsplitters/combiners providing connectivity betweenOLT & multiple ONU/ONTs.
NMS : Management of the complete PON system
from OLT
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BSNL FTTH PLANBSNL FTTH PLAN
Phase-I (2008-09): In phase-I overlay access network is planned in 98 cities where the number of Direct ExchangeLines are more than 3 lakhs i.e 30 millions, therefore Ethernetin the first mile using the FTTB, FTTH is proposed to bede lo ed.
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FTTH systems are deployed as either point to point opticalsystem or point to multi point fiber system (PON).
7 lakhs customers are targeting in the first year.1.5 lakhs customers in 73 cities with GE-PON.5.5 lakhs customers in 25 cities with GE-PON &
G-PON.
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Phase-II (2009-10): In second phase ofG-PON/GE-PON deployment will be extended toother cities having Optical Access Network cables
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.
In second phase FTTH plan will target 7 lakhscustomers to be extended with fast Ethernet/ GigabitEthernet service to their buildings on Fiber.
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FLAVORS OF PONFLAVORS OF PON
Broadband PONEthernet PON (EPON) / Gigabit Ethernet PON
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Gigabit PON (GPON)
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GEPON based Next Generation Play Networks Planning:The GEPON network do not support the redundancy so onlysingle fiber and single input splitters are planned.
There are 20 PON ports per GEPON chassis =
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.
There are only 1:2, 1:4, 1:8. 1:16 and 1:32 splitters.
1:32 split architecture shall be used in the highlydense locations and multistoried buildings.
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PLANNINGPLANNING GUIDELINESGUIDELINES
Out Door Network (ODN) planning & fiber planning forGPON
The OAN to be planned in all broadband cities bydeploying high count Optical Fiber cables.
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The minimum fiber count to be deployed in these citieswill be 96Fibers or 288Fibers and above in main routes and24Fiber/12Fiber cables for the buildings. The leading fiber will be terminated in fiber termination box.
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2:32 split architecture
It is desirable to have one splitter at the premises of the
customer / building / locality.
The two leading fiber from (24/12Fiber cable) cables,
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fiber 1 & 2 will be input to the 2:32 splitter. These 2 fibercan be joined in the two sides of OAN. The other side of themain route fiber will form a ring and terminated on other
port.
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Cascade split architecture in GPON
As the number of customers will be less in the beginning
and distributed across the city, cascade splitters can bedeployed to cover more area.The number of proposed split can be only two.
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p ers may e use n any o e o ow ng com na onssuch as:
2:4 & 1:162:4 & 4X (1:8)2:8 & 1:4 etc.
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A li i AA li i A
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Application AreasApplication Areas
Residential or Business ServicesHigh Speed InternetTransparent LAN ServiceBroadcast Video
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Multi-Play (Voice, Video, Data etc.)Private LineTDM TelephonyIP Telephony (VoIP)
Wireless ServicesWireless backhaul over PON
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