Characteristics of Matter

Page 19

Bell Work

We observed two chemical change experiments.

One of the experiments produced hydrogen gas.

Tell me two reasons we believe we have produced hydrogen gas.

OBJECTIVE

To understand the characteristics of matter

To understand the properties of matter.

To distinguish between compounds, solutions, and mixtures

What is Matter and Volume?

Matter - Anything that has mass and volume.

Volume – the space an object occupies

These are tools that are used to measure matter.

Mass - balances or scales

Volume - flasks, graduated cylinders

Length - meter stick

What are the 3 Basic States of Matter?

Solid – definite shape and volume

Liquid – definite volume; takes the shape of its container

Gas – indefinite volume and shape; depends on the container

What about vapor?

What is Vapor?

Gaseous state of a substance that is liquid or solid at room temperature.

Example: Steam

Water is a liquid at Room Temperature

Quick Quiz: True or False

A vapor and a gas are the same thing.

False

A liquid takes on the shape of its container.

True

A solid has a definite shape but a changeable volume.

False

Two Types of Properties of Matter

Chemical

Physical

What are physical properties?

Physical properties: can be determined without changing the nature of the substance.

Examples: color, hardness, melting point, boiling point, and Density.

Describes a substance

What are chemical properties?

Chemical properties: can only be identified by trying to cause a chemical change.

* example:

Many substances share the chemical property of reactivity with oxygen.

Evidence of a Chemical Change

Evolution of a Gas The Formation of a Precipitate The Release or Absorption of

Energy Color change

Group Collaboration: Physical or Chemical Property

Shiny Red Good Conductor Reacts with Air Changes color when in contact with HCl Produces CO2

Temperature Forms Rust

Physical Or Chemical Property

Physical

Shiny Red Good Conductor Temperature

Chemical

Reacts with air Produces CO2

Changes Color Forms Rust

PHYSICAL CHANGES

WHAT ARE PHYSICAL CHANGES?

Changes in which the identity of a substance doesn’t change.

Examples of Physical Changes

Water changes to iceSugar dissolves in teaCrushing a rockCutting paperWater fogs a mirror

CHEMICAL CHANGES

What are Physical Changes?

Changes in which the identity of the substance changes

Examples of Chemical Changes

Milk sours Iron rusts Food rots Food digests

Closure:

Write 3 examples of physical changes

Write 2 examples of chemical changes

Write 1 thing about matter

Homework & Assessments

Homework – Chapter 3

Section 3.1

Section 3.2

Section 3.3

Due Date: Thursday/Friday September 30, 2010

Chapter 3 Open Book Test Thursday/Friday

Notebook Check: Thursday/Friday