charging and discharging a capacitor
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Charging and Discharging a Capacitor. Complete the activity on charging and discharging capacitors located under Activities on the website sites.google.com/site/sienaphys140spring2011/activities/charging-and-discharging-a-capacitor . Tactics: Using Kirchhoff’s loop law. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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•Complete the activity on charging and discharging capacitors located under Activities on the website•sites.google.com/site/sienaphys140spring2011/activities/charging-and-discharging-a-capacitor
Charging and Discharging a CapacitorCharging and Discharging a Capacitor
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Tactics: Using Kirchhoff’s loop lawTactics: Using Kirchhoff’s loop law
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EXAMPLE 32.1 A single-resistor circuitEXAMPLE 32.1 A single-resistor circuit
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EXAMPLE 32.1 A single-resistor circuitEXAMPLE 32.1 A single-resistor circuit
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Energy and PowerEnergy and PowerThe power supplied by a battery is
The units of power are J/s, or W.The power dissipated by a resistor is
Or, in terms of the potential drop across the resistor
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EXAMPLE 32.4 The power of lightEXAMPLE 32.4 The power of light
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EXAMPLE 32.4 The power of lightEXAMPLE 32.4 The power of light
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Series ResistorsSeries Resistors• Resistors that are aligned end to end, with no junctions between them, are called series resistors or, sometimes, resistors “in series.” • The current I is the same through all resistors placed in series.• If we have N resistors in series, their equivalent resistance is
The behavior of the circuit will be unchanged if the N series resistors are replaced by the single resistor Req.
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EXAMPLE 32.7 Lighting up a flashlightEXAMPLE 32.7 Lighting up a flashlight
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EXAMPLE 32.7 Lighting up a flashlightEXAMPLE 32.7 Lighting up a flashlight
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Parallel ResistorsParallel Resistors• Resistors connected at both ends are called parallel resistors or, sometimes, resistors “in parallel.” • The left ends of all the resistors connected in parallel are held at the same potential V1, and the right ends are all held at the same potential V2.• The potential differences ΔV are the same across all resistors placed in parallel.• If we have N resistors in parallel, their equivalent resistance is
The behavior of the circuit will be unchanged if the N parallel resistors are replaced by the single resistor Req.
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Series and Parallel ResistorsSeries and Parallel Resistors
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EXAMPLE 32.10 A combination of resistorsEXAMPLE 32.10 A combination of resistors
QUESTION:
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EXAMPLE 32.10 A combination of resistorsEXAMPLE 32.10 A combination of resistors
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RC CircuitsRC Circuits• Consider a charged capacitor, an open switch, and a resistor all hooked in series. This is an RC Circuit. • The capacitor has charge Q0 and potential difference ΔVC = Q0/C.• There is no current, so the potential difference across the resistor is zero. • At t = 0 the switch closes and the capacitor begins to discharge through the resistor.• The capacitor charge as a function of time is
where the time constant τ is
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ApplicationsApplications
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EXAMPLE 32.14 Exponential decay in an RC EXAMPLE 32.14 Exponential decay in an RC circuitcircuit
QUESTION:
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EXAMPLE 32.14 Exponential decay in an RC EXAMPLE 32.14 Exponential decay in an RC circuitcircuit
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General Physics 2 Circuits 24
Junction Rule
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General Physics 2 Circuits 25
Resistance, Voltage
• Determine (a) the equivalent resistance of the circuit and (b) the voltage across each resistor.
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General Physics 2Circuits
26
Rank in order of brightness
• Rank bulbs 1 through 6 in order of descending brightness.
– Brightness is proportional to power
• Now assume the filament in B6 breaks. Again rank the bulbs in order of descending brightness.
€
P = VI = I2R =V 2
R
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General Physics 2 Circuits 27
Practice Problems
• Determine the equivalent resistance and the current through R1 for the circuits shown. Assume R1 = 10, R2 = 20 , and R1 = 30 , and the battery is 12 V.
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General Physics 2 Current & Resistance 28
Activities
• Exploration of Physics– E&M– Resistive circuits– Do each of the 5 circuits – set all to 50 ohms– Calculate I, V, and P for each resistor and then check answers in the
program