CHECKLISTof British Columbia

BIRDS

British Columbia Field Ornithologists

Steller's Jay cover photo: William Murdock

TaxonomyThis checklist follows taxonomy and nomenclature of the American Ornithological Society’s Check-list of North American Birds, including supplements up to the 59th (June 2018).h p://checklist.aou.org/

LegendB Confirmed breeding (as per Atlas)b Possible/Probable breeding (as per Atlas)

Winters regularly in region (may be common to rare)N Confirmed provincial nes ng prior to/since AtlasA Accidental (1 or 2 records per ecoprovince)C Casual (>2 records per ecoprovince but less than annual)I IntroducedX Ex pated* Review List species

Ecoprovinces of British Columbia (See map on back cover)1 Georgia Depression2 Coast and Mountains/Northeast Pacific3 Southern Interior4 Southern Interior Mountains5 Central Interior6 Sub-boreal Interior7 Boreal Plains8 Taiga Plains9 Northern Boreal Mountains/Southern Alaska xxxMountains

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Ducks, Geese, & Swans CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Fulvous Whistling-Duck * AEmperor Goose * C CSnow GooseRoss's GooseGreater White-fronted GoosePink-footed Goose * ABrantCackling GooseCanada Goose B B B B B B B B BMute Swan I BTrumpeter Swan B B B B B B BTundra SwanWood Duck B B B B B BBaikal Teal * A AGarganey * C C ABlue-winged Teal B B B B B B B b BCinnamon Teal B B B B B B b bNorthern Shoveler B b B B B B B b bGadwall B b B B B b B bFalcated Duck * AEurasian WigeonAmerican Wigeon B b B B B B B B BMallard B B B B B B B B BAmerican Black Duck I B

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Main List

ü Common Name

Code

Ecoprovince

Anseriformes

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Northern Pintail B b B b B b B b B

Green-winged Teal B B B B B B B B B

Canvasback B B B b B b B

Redhead B B B b B b b

Ring-necked Duck B B B B B B B B B

Tufted Duck * C A A A A

Greater Scaup b

Lesser Scaup b B B B b B b B

Steller's Eider * A A

King Eider * C C

Common Eider * A A A

Harlequin Duck B B B B b B B B

Surf Scoter N b b b

White-winged Scoter b b b b b b b B

Black Scoter

Long-tailed Duck N b

Bufflehead b B B B B B B B B

Common Goldeneye B B B B B B B B B

Barrow's Goldeneye B B B B B B B B B

Smew * A

Hooded Merganser B B B B B B B b

Common Merganser B B B B B B B b B

Red-breasted Merganser B b B B

Ruddy Duck B B B B B B b

New World Quail

Mountain Quail I,X

California Quail I B B B B B

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Galliformes

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Pheasants, Grouse, and Allies

Chukar I B b B

Gray Partridge I B b b

Ring-necked Pheasant I B B B B

Ruffed Grouse B B B B B B B B B

Greater Sage-Grouse X

Spruce Grouse B B B B B B B B

Willow Ptarmigan b B B B

Rock Ptarmigan b B B B

White-tailed Ptarmigan B B B B B B B

Dusky Grouse B B B B B b b B

Sooty Grouse B B B B B B

Sharp-tailed Grouse B b B B B B

Wild Turkey I b B B

Grebes

Pied-billed Grebe B B B B B B B b B

Horned Grebe B B B B B B B B

Red-necked Grebe b B B B B B B B

Eared Grebe B B B B B b

Western Grebe B B

Clark's Grebe B b

Pigeons and Doves

Rock Pigeon I B B B B b B B b

Band-tailed Pigeon B B b b

Oriental Turtle-Dove * A A

Eurasian Collared-Dove I B B B b B B b b b

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Podicipediformes

Columbiformes

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Passenger Pigeon X

White-winged Dove * C C A

Mourning Dove B b B B b b b

Cuckoos

Common Cuckoo * A

Yellow-billed Cuckoo * C C C C

Black-billed Cuckoo * A C C A A

Nightjars

Lesser Nighthawk * A A

Common Nighthawk B B B B B B B b B

Common Poorwill B b b

Eastern/Mexican Whip-poor-will * A

Swifts

Black Swift b B b B b b b

Vaux's Swift B B B B b b b

White-throated Swift B B B

Hummingbirds

Mexican Violetear * A

Rivoli's Hummingbird * A

Ruby-throated Hummingbird * b b b

Black-chinned Hummingbird B B b

Anna's Hummingbird B b B

Costa's Hummingbird * C C A

Rufous Hummingbird B B B B B B b b B

Calliope Hummingbird b B B B B B b

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Apodiformes

Caprimulgiformes

Cuculiformes

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Xantus's Hummingbird * A

Rails, Gallinules, and Coots

Yellow Rail b b b

Virginia Rail B B B B B b b

Sora B B B B B B B b b

Common Gallinule * A

American Coot B B B B B B B

Cranes

Sandhill Crane B B B B B B B B b

Common Crane * A

Whooping Crane * A A A

Stilts and Avocets

Black-necked Stilt B b b

American Avocet B B B B

Oystercatchers

Black Oystercatcher B B

Plovers

Black-bellied Plover

American Golden-Plover B b

Pacific Golden-Plover

Lesser Sand-Plover * A A

Snowy Plover * C C

Semipalmated Plover B B b B

Piping Plover * A

Killdeer B B B B B B B B B

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Gruiformes

Charadriiformes

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Sandpipers and Allies

Upland Sandpiper b B b

Bristle-thighed Curlew * A

Whimbrel

Long-billed Curlew B B B B

Far Eastern Curlew * A

Bar-tailed Godwit * C C

Hudsonian Godwit N

Marbled Godwit

Ruddy Turnstone

Black Turnstone

Red Knot

Surfbird

Ruff * C C A

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper

Stilt Sandpiper

Curlew Sandpiper * C C

Temminck's Stint * A

Spoon-billed Sandpiper * A

Red-necked Stint * C A

Sanderling

Dunlin

Rock Sandpiper

Purple Sandpiper * A

Baird's Sandpiper N b

Little Stint * C A

Least Sandpiper B B B

White-rumped Sandpiper * C A A A C

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Buff-breasted Sandpiper

Pectoral Sandpiper

Semipalmated Sandpiper

Western Sandpiper

Short-billed Dowitcher N b

Long-billed Dowitcher

Wilson's Snipe B b B B B B B B B

Terek Sandpiper * A

Spotted Sandpiper B B B B B B B B B

Solitary Sandpiper B B B B B B B B

Wandering Tattler B

Lesser Yellowlegs b B B B b B

Willet * C C C A A

Spotted Redshank * C

Greater Yellowlegs B B b B B B b B

Wood Sandpiper * A A

Wilson's Phalarope b B B B b B

Red-necked Phalarope B

Red Phalarope

Skuas and Jaegers

South Polar Skua

Pomarine Jaeger

Parasitic Jaeger B

Long-tailed Jaeger

Auks

Dovekie * A

Common Murre B

Thick-billed Murre *,N C

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Pigeon Guillemot B B

Marbled Murrelet B B

Kittlitz's Murrelet * A A

Scripps's Murrelet * C

Guadalupe Murrelet * A

Ancient Murrelet B

Cassin's Auklet B

Parakeet Auklet * C

Crested Auklet * A A

Rhinoceros Auklet B B

Horned Puffin B

Tufted Puffin B

Gulls and Terns

Black-legged Kittiwake B

Red-legged Kittiwake * A

Ivory Gull * C A A A

Sabine's Gull

Bonaparte's Gull b b B B B B B

Black-headed Gull * C

Little Gull * C A A A A

Ross's Gull * A A

Laughing Gull * A

Franklin's Gull N

Black-tailed Gull * A A

Heermann's Gull

Mew Gull B B b b b B

Ring-billed Gull B b b b B b

Western Gull

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

California Gull b B

Herring Gull B B B B B b b B

Iceland Gull

Lesser Black-backed Gull * C A C C

Slaty-backed Gull * C C A A

Glaucous-winged Gull B B B

Glaucous Gull

Great Black-backed Gull * A

Aleutian Tern * A

Least Tern * A

Caspian Tern B b b b b

Black Tern B B B B B B

Common Tern

Arctic Tern B B B B

Forster's Tern N b

Elegant Tern * C C

Tropicbirds

Red-tailed Tropicbird * A

Loons

Red-throated Loon B B

Pacific Loon b B B

Common Loon B B B B B B B b B

Yellow-billed Loon

Albatrosses

Laysan Albatross

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Phaethontiformes

Gaviiformes

Procellariiformes

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Black-footed Albatross

Short-tailed Albatross * C

Northern Storm-Petrels

Fork-tailed Storm-Petrel B

Leach's Storm-Petrel B

Petrels and Shearwaters

Northern Fulmar b

Murphy's Petrel * C

Mottled Petrel * C

Cook's Petrel * A

Buller's Shearwater

Short-tailed Shearwater

Sooty Shearwater

Great Shearwater * C

Pink-footed Shearwater

Flesh-footed Shearwater

Manx Shearwater * C C

Black-vented Shearwater * C C

Storks

Wood Stork * A

Frigatebirds

Magnificent Frigatebird * A

Boobies and Gannets

Nazca Booby * A

Blue-footed Booby * A

Brown Booby * A A

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Ciconiiformes

Suliformes

A

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Cormorants

Brandt's Cormorant N b b

Double-crested Cormorant B b B B b

Red-faced Cormorant * A

Pelagic Cormorant B B

Pelicans

American White Pelican B

Brown Pelican

Herons, Egrets, and Bitterns

American Bittern b b b B b b b

Least Bittern * A A b

Great Blue Heron B B B B B b b

Great Egret

Snowy Egret * C A C A

Little Blue Heron * A A

Cattle Egret * C C C C A A

Green Heron B B b

Black-crowned Night-Heron N b

Ibises

White-faced Ibis *

New World Vultures

Black Vulture * A A

Turkey Vulture B b B b b

California Condor X

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Pelecaniformes

Cathartiformes

C C C C

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Osprey

Osprey B B B B B B B B B

Hawks, Eagles, and Kites

White-tailed Kite * C A

Golden Eagle B b B B B B b b B

Northern Harrier B B B B B b B B b

Sharp-shinned Hawk b B B B b B B B B

Cooper's Hawk B B B B B B B

Northern Goshawk B B B B b B B b B

Bald Eagle B B B B B B B B B

Broad-winged Hawk B b B B b

Swainson's Hawk b B b b b b

Red-tailed Hawk B B B B B B B B B

Rough-legged Hawk

Ferruginous Hawk *,N C b C

Barn Owls

Barn Owl B B B

Owls

Flammulated Owl B B b

Western Screech-Owl B B B B b

Great Horned Owl B B B B B B B B B

Snowy Owl

Northern Hawk Owl B B B B B B B

Northern Pygmy-Owl B B B B B b b B

Burrowing Owl * B b

Spotted Owl N b

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Accipitriformes

Strigiformes

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Barred Owl B B B B B b B B B

Great Gray Owl b B b B B B B b

Long-eared Owl b B B B b B

Short-eared Owl b b b B B b b b b

Boreal Owl b b b b b b B

Northern Saw-whet Owl B b B B B b b b

Kingfishers

Belted Kingfisher B B B B B B B B B

Woodpeckers

Lewis's Woodpecker b B B B

Red-headed Woodpecker * A C

Acorn Woodpecker * C C

Williamson's Sapsucker B B

Yellow-bellied Sapsucker B B B B B B B

Red-naped Sapsucker B B B B b

Red-breasted Sapsucker B B B B B B b B

Am. Three-toed Woodpecker b B B B B B B B B

Black-backed Woodpecker b B B B B B B B

Downy Woodpecker B B B B B B B b B

Hairy Woodpecker B B B B B B B B B

White-headed Woodpecker *,N b b

Northern Flicker B B B B B B B B B

Pileated Woodpecker B B B B B B B B b

Caracaras and Falcons

Crested Caracara * A A A A

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Piciformes

Falconiformes

Coraciiformes

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Eurasian Kestrel * A

American Kestrel B B B B B B B B B

Merlin B B B B B B B b B

Gyrfalcon B

Peregrine Falcon B B B B B B b b

Prairie Falcon b b B b

Tyrant Flycatchers

Ash-throated Flycatcher * C C A A A

Great Crested Flycatcher * A A

Tropical Kingbird

Thick-billed Kingbird * A

Western Kingbird b B B B B b

Eastern Kingbird B B B B B B B B

Gray Kingbird * A

Scissor-tailed Flycatcher * C C A C A A

Olive-sided Flycatcher B B B B B b B b b

Western Wood-Pewee B B B B B B B b B

Yellow-bellied Flycatcher b b B B b B

Acadian Flycatcher * A

Alder Flycatcher B B B B B B B B

Willow Flycatcher B B B B B b b

Least Flycatcher b B B B B B B b B

Hammond's Flycatcher B B B B B B b B B

Gray Flycatcher B

Dusky Flycatcher b B B B B B b B

Pacific-slope Flycatcher B B B B B b B b b

Black Phoebe * C A

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Passeriformes

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Eastern Phoebe b B B B b

Say's Phoebe b B B B b b b B

Shrikes

Loggerhead Shrike * C A C C A

Northern Shrike b b b B

Vireos

Black-capped Vireo * A

White-eyed Vireo * A

Hutton's Vireo B B

Cassin's Vireo B B B B B B b

Blue-headed Vireo B B B b

Philadelphia Vireo b B B b

Warbling Vireo B B B B B B B B B

Red-eyed Vireo B B B B B B B B b

Yellow-green Vireo * A

Crows, Jays, and Magpies

Canada Jay B B B B B B B B B

Pinyon Jay * A

Steller's Jay B B B B B B b b B

Blue Jay B B B B

California Scrub-Jay *,N b b

Clark's Nutcracker B B B B B B

Black-billed Magpie B B B B B b B

American Crow B B B B B B B B

Northwestern Crow B B b b

Common Raven B B B B B B B B B

Larks

Eurasian Skylark I B

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Horned Lark B B B B B B

Swallows

Purple Martin B B

Tree Swallow B B B B B B B B B

Violet-green Swallow B B B B B B B B B

N. Rough-winged Swallow B B B B B B B b B

Bank Swallow B B B B B B B B

Cliff Swallow B B B B B B B B B

Cave Swallow * A

Barn Swallow B B B B B B B B B

Chickadees

Black-capped Chickadee B B B B B B B B B

Mountain Chickadee B B B B B B

Chestnut-backed Chickadee B B B B b B b

Boreal Chickadee b B B B B B B B

Bushtits

Bushtit B B

Nuthatches

Red-breasted Nuthatch B B B B B B B B B

White-breasted Nuthatch b B B B B B

Pygmy Nuthatch B B

Treecreepers

Brown Creeper B B B B B B B b B

Wrens

Rock Wren b B b b b

Canyon Wren B b

House Wren B B B B B B B b

Pacific Wren B B B B B B b b b

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Winter Wren B b b

Sedge Wren * A A

Marsh Wren B B B B B B B b

Bewick's Wren B b B B

Gnatcatchers

Blue-gray Gnatcatcher * C C A A

Dippers

American Dipper B B B B B B b B

Kinglets

Golden-crowned Kinglet B B B B B B B B B

Ruby-crowned Kinglet B B B B B B B B B

Old World Flycatchers

Red-flanked Bluetail * A

Blue Rock-Thrush * A

Northern Wheatear * C

Thrushes and Allies

Eastern Bluebird * A

Western Bluebird B B B B

Mountain Bluebird B B B B B B B

Townsend's Solitaire B B B B B b B b B

Veery B B B B b

Gray-cheeked Thrush b b B B B

Swainson's Thrush B B B B B B B B B

Hermit Thrush B B B B B B B B B

Wood Thrush * A

Dusky Thrush * A A

Fieldfare * A

Redwing * A

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

American Robin B B B B B B B B B

Varied Thrush B B B B B B B b B

Mockingbirds and Thrashers

Gray Catbird B B B B B b b

Curve-billed Thrasher * A A

Brown Thrasher * C C C C C A

Sage Thrasher B

Northern Mockingbird N b b b

Starlings

Crested Myna I,X

European Starling I B B B B B B B B B

Waxwings

Bohemian Waxwing B B B B b B

Cedar Waxwing B B B B B B B b B

Accentors

Siberian Accentor * A A

Old World Sparrows

House Sparrow I B B B B B B B B B

Wagtails and Pipits

Eastern Yellow Wagtail * C C

Citrine Wagtail * A

Gray Wagtail * A

White Wagtail * C C A

Red-throated Pipit * C C A

American Pipit B B B B B B B

Sprague's Pipit * C A

Finches and Allies

Brambling * C C C C C A

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Evening Grosbeak B B B B B B B b B

Pine Grosbeak B B B B B b b B

Gray-crowned Rosy-Finch B B B B B B B

House Finch B B B B B B

Purple Finch B B B B B B B b B

Cassin's Finch b B B B

Oriental Greenfinch * A

Common Redpoll b b B

Hoary Redpoll

Red Crossbill B B B B B B B b B

White-winged Crossbill B b b B B B B b B

Pine Siskin B B B B B B B B B

Lesser Goldfinch * C C C C

American Goldfinch B B B B B B b

Longspurs and Snow Buntings

Lapland Longspur

Chestnut-collared Longspur * C A C

Smith's Longspur N b

McCown's Longspur * C A A

Snow Bunting B

McKay's Bunting * A A

Old World Buntings

Rustic Bunting * A C

New World Sparrows

Green-tailed Towhee * C A C

Spotted Towhee B B B B B

American Tree Sparrow b b b B

Chipping Sparrow B B B B B B B B B

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Clay-colored Sparrow b B B B B B B b

Brewer's Sparrow B B B B

Field Sparrow * A

Vesper Sparrow B B B B B B b

Lark Sparrow B B B

Black-throated Sparrow * C b C

Sagebrush Sparrow * C C

Lark Bunting * C C C C A A

Savannah Sparrow B B B B B B B B B

Grasshopper Sparrow N b

LeConte's Sparrow b b B B

Nelson's Sparrow B b

Fox Sparrow B B B B B B B b B

Song Sparrow B B B B B B B b B

Lincoln's Sparrow b B B B B B B B B

Swamp Sparrow B b B B B B

White-throated Sparrow b B B B B B B

Harris's Sparrow

White-crowned Sparrow B B B B B B b b B

Golden-crowned Sparrow B B B B B B

Dark-eyed Junco B B B B B B B B B

Yellow-breasted Chat

Yellow-breasted Chat b b B b

Blackbirds and Allies

Yellow-headed Blackbird B B B B B B b

Bobolink B B b

Western Meadowlark B B B B b b

Orchard Oriole * C C

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Hooded Oriole * C C

Bullock's Oriole B B B B B b

Baltimore Oriole b B

Red-winged Blackbird B B B B B B B B B

Brown-headed Cowbird B B B B B B B b B

Rusty Blackbird B b B B B B B B

Brewer's Blackbird B B B B B B B B b

Common Grackle B B b B B b

Great-tailed Grackle * A C

New World Warblers

Ovenbird b b B B B b

Northern Waterthrush b B B B B B B B B

Golden-winged Warbler * A

Black-and-white Warbler b b B B B b

Prothonotary Warbler * A A A A

Tennessee Warbler B b B B B B B B

Orange-crowned Warbler B B B B B B B b B

Lucy's Warbler * A A

Nashville Warbler b B B B B b

Connecticut Warbler b B b

MacGillivray's Warbler B B B B B B b b B

Mourning Warbler B B B b

Common Yellowthroat B B B B B B B B B

Hooded Warbler * C A A

American Redstart B B B B B B B B B

Cape May Warbler B B B b b

Northern Parula * C A A A

Magnolia Warbler b B B B B B B B

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Bay-breasted Warbler b B b b

Blackburnian Warbler * C A A A A

Yellow Warbler B B B B B B B B B

Chestnut-sided Warbler *, N C C C C C C A A

Blackpoll Warbler b B B B B b B

Black-throated Blue Warbler * C C C A A

Palm Warbler B B

Pine Warbler * A

Yellow-rumped Warbler B B B B B B B B B

Yellow-throated Warbler * A A

Prairie Warbler * C A A

Black-throated Gray Warbler B B B

Townsend's Warbler B B B B B B b b B

Hermit Warbler * C

Black-throated Green Warbler b B B b b

Canada Warbler B B B b

Wilson's Warbler B B B B B B B b B

Cardinals and Allies

Summer Tanager * A A

Scarlet Tanager * A A

Western Tanager B B B B B B B b B

Northern Cardinal * A

Rose-breasted Grosbeak b b B B b B

Black-headed Grosbeak B B B B b

Blue Grosbeak * A A

Lazuli Bunting B B B B B B b b

Indigo Bunting * b b B

Painted Bunting * C A

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Dickcissel * C C C C A

Whooper Swan * A A

Spectacled Eider * A A

Broad-tailed Hummingbird * A

Mountain Plover * A

Great Knot * A

Least Auklet * A

Whiskered Auklet * A

Arctic Loon * A

Hawaiian Petrel * C

Red-shouldered Hawk * A

Baird's Sparrow * A

Painted Redstart * A

CD 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Provisional List

Checklist

There are 522 species recognized with 12 additional species on the provisional list.

NOTES

Main, Provisional, and Review Lists

Acknowledgments

British Columbia Bird Records Committee

August 2018

Species for which physical proof exists (e.g., photos, videos, specimens) are placed on the Main List. Species on the Provisional List lack physical proof, but have either excellent field-notes, or are select historical records described in the established literature. We ask that all observations of species on the Review List be submitted to the committee: www.bcfo.ca/review-list

This checklist is the result of generations of bird observation and study in the province. We thank the many birders, past and present, who have contributed their time and effort, and have submitted records to expand the knowledge of our province’s avifauna. This checklist was compiled by the British Columbia Bird Records Committee. Special thanks to Bird Studies Canada for permission to use BC Breeding Bird Atlas data www.birdatlas.bc.ca. A final, big thank you to George Clulow, Art Martell, and Larry Cowan, without whom this checklist could not have been produced.

Nathan Hentze (Chair); Peter Candido; Chris Charlesworth; Catherine Craig; Michael Force; Guy Monty; Mike Toochin

Ecoprovinces of British Columbia