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Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 105 – September 2013

Checklist of the Family Scarabaeidae

(Scarab Beetles) from Palestine

فلسطين الُجعل في خنافس

By: Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher

Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa

Family Scarabaeidae

Subfamily Eucheirinae

Propomacrus bimucronatus Pallas, 1781

Propomacrus bimucronatus. By: Peter Simon Pallas, 1781.

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Propomacrus_bimucronatus.png

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Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 105 – September 2013

Subfamily Melolonthinae

Tribe Melolonthini

Anoxia (Anoxia) maculiventris Reitter, 1890

Anoxia (Mesanoxia) cypria Zurcher, 1911

Anoxia (Protanoxia) laevimaculata Petrovitz, 1973

Anoxia (Protanoxia) orientalis Krynicki, 1832

Anoxoides bytinskisalzi Petrovitz, 1971

Cyphonoxia praestabilis Reitter, 1889

Melolontha (Melolontha) albida Frivaldszky, 1835

Polyphylla (Polyphylla) olivieri Laporte, 1840

Photo by Oz Rittner. http://www.nature-of-oz.com/Web%20Polyphylla%20olivieri.jpg

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Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 105 – September 2013

Tribe Rhizotrogini

Aplidia caesarina Reitter, 1902

Aplidia chaifensis Kraatz, 1882

Aplidia endroedii Baraud, 1988

Aplidia fissa fissa Burmeister, 1855

Aplidia janczyki Baraud, 1988

Aplidia joannis Baraud, 1988

Aplidia lizleri Keith, 2000

Aplidia nitidula Kraatz, 1882

Aplidia petrovitzi petrovitzi Baraud,1988

Aplidia villosicollis Kraatz, 1882

Gnaphalostetha bonvoisini Reiche & Saulcy, 1856

Holochelus (Holochelus) setiventris Reitter, 1902

Photo by Oz Rittner. http://www.nature-of-oz.com/Gnaphalostetha%20bonvoisini.jpg

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Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 105 – September 2013

Pachydemini Tribe

Brenskiella flavomicans Brenske, 1897

Leptochristina pubicavula Reitter, 1902

Tanyproctus (Taniproctocera) sinaiticus Heyden, 1900

Tanyproctus (Taniproctus) kindermanni Reiche, 1861

Tanyproctus (Taniproctocera) crinitus Petrovitz, 1971

Tanyproctus (Taniproctocera) israeliticus Petrovitz, 1971

Tanyproctus (Taniproctocera) lederi Reiche, 1861

Tanyproctus (Taniproctocera) minutus Petrovitz, 1973

Tanyproctus (Taniproctocera) nabataeus Petrovitz, 1973

Tanyproctus (Taniproctocera) pumilus Petrovitz, 1973

Tanyproctus (Taniproctocera) saulcyi Reiche & Saulcy, 1856

Photo by Oz Rittner. http://www.nature-of-oz.com/web%20tanyproctus%20saulcyi.jpg

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Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 105 – September 2013

Subfamily Sericinae

Maladera (Cephaloserica) insanabilis Brenske, 1894

Maladera (Eusericula) modesta Fairmaire, 1881

Maladera (Macroserica) punctatissima Faldermann, 1835

Maladera (Macroserica) syriaca syriaca Petrovitz, 1969

Omaloplia (Acarina) labrata Burmeister, 1855

Paratriodonta olivieri Blanchard, 1850

Paratriodonta tripolitana Brenske, 1889 (?)

http://www.nature-of-oz.com/Maladera%20syriaca%20syriaca.jpg

Subfamily Rutelinae

Tribe Adoretini

Adoretus granulifrons Fairmaire, 1882

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Adoretus irakanus Ohaus, 1928

Photo by Oz Rittner. http://www.nature-of-oz.com/Adoretus%20irakanus.jpg

Tribe Anomalini

Anisoplia (Anisoplia) signata akbesiana Baraud, 1991

Anisoplia ferruginipes Petrovitz, 1963 (?)

Brancoplia klapperichi Petrovitz, 1971

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Anisoplia pumila Mersuel, 1878

Brancoplia leucaspis leucaspis Laporte, 1840

Brancoplia mesopotamica Pilleri, 1954

Chaetopteroplia obenbergeri Vsetecka 1941

Chaetopteroplia syriaca Burmeister, 1844

Hemichaetoplia gossypiata Fairmaire, 1881

Anomala palaestina Pic, 1905

Asiopertha nazarena Marsuel, 1878

Blitopertha nigripennis Reitter, 1888

Pharaouns varicoloreus Burmeister, 1844

Tribopertha aegyptiaca Blanchard, 1851

Photo by Oz Rittner. http://www.nature-of-oz.com/Asiopertha%20nazarena.jpg

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Subfamily Dynastinae

Tribe Oryctini

(Minck,1915) Oryctes nasicornis kuntzeni

(Walker,1871) Oryctes agamemnon sinaicus

Photo by Oz Rittner. http://www.nature-of-oz.com/Oryctes%20agamemnon%20sinaicus.jpg

Tribe Pentodontini

Heteroninchus licas Klug, 1835

Baudi,1870 Pentodon algerinum dispar

Pentodon bidens sulcifrons Kuster, 1848

Herbst,1789 Pentodon idiota idiota

Pentodon variolopunctatus deserti Heyden, 1900

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Forster,1771 Phyllognathus excavatus

Podalgus cuniculus arabicus Fairmaire, 1895

Temnorhynchus baal Reiche & saulcy, 1856

Photo by Oz Rittner. http://www.nature-of-oz.com/Temnorhynchus%20baal.jpg

Subfamily Cetoniinae

Tribe Cetonini

Subtribe Cetonina

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2006 Legrand & Drumond,subpilosa dorchini )Netocia( Protaetia

3311 Gory et Percheron Protaetia (Potosia) cuprea ignicollis

Protaetia (Cetonichema) speciosa jousselini Gory et Percheron, 1833

Protaetia (Foveopotosia) judith Reiche, 1871

Protaetia (Netocia) vidua (Gory et Percheron,1833)

Protaetia funebris funesta (Menetries,1838)

Gory et Percheron,1833 Protaetia (Netocia) afflicta

Protaetia (Eupotosia) afflnis pyrodera (Reitter,1891)

Protaetia (Netocia) trojana syriaca Reitter, 1891

Protaetia (Eupotosia) mirifica koenigi Reitter, 1894

Boucard,1893 delegrangei Cetonia

Burmeister,1842 mesopotamicaAethiessa

Aethiessa floralis (Fabricius,1787)

Stalagmosoma albella (Pallas,1781)

Tropinota (Epicomentis) hirta suturalis Reitter, 1913

Brulle,1832 squalida pilosaTropinota

Tropinota vittula (Reiche et Saulcy,1857)

Tropinota (Tropinota) ilariae (Dutto, 2007)

Reiche et Saulcy,1857 abigailOxythyrea

Reiche et Saulcy,1856 noemi Oxythyrea

Oxythyrea cinctella (Schaum,1841)

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Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 105 – September 2013

Photo by Oz Rittner. http://www.nature-of-oz.com/Aethiessa%20mesopotamica.jpg

Subfamily Valginae

(Linnaeus,1758)Valgus hemipterus

Subfamily Scarabaeinae

Tribe Coprini

Catharsius sesostris Waterhouse, 1888

Copris (Copris) hispanus cavolinii Petagna, 1792

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Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 105 – September 2013

Copris (Copris) lunaris (Linnaeus, 1758)

http://webzoom.freewebs.com/saturnids/Web%20Copris%20hispanus%20SERIES.jpg

Tribe Gymnopleurini

Gymnopleurus flagellatus (Fabricius, 1787)

Gymnopleurus geoffroyi geoffroyi (Fuessly, 1775)

Gymnopleurus mopsus ssp. mopsus (Pallas, 1781)

Gymnopleurus sturmii (MacLeay, 1821)

Tribe Oniticellili

Euoniticellus fulvus (Goeze, 1777)

Euoniticellus pallens (A. G. Olivier, 1789)

Euoniticellus pallipes (Fabricius, 1781)

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Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 105 – September 2013

Tribe Onitini

Bubas bubaloides Janssens, 1938

Cheironitis furcifer (P. Rossi, 1792)

Cheironitis pamphilus (Menetries, 1849)

Cheironitis irroratus (P. Rossi, 1790) ??

Cheironitis ungaricus (Herbst, 1789) ??

Onitis alexis ssp. septentrionalis Balthasar, 1942

Onitis damoetas Steven, 1806

Onitis ezechias Reiche and Saulcy, 1856

Onitis humerosus (Pallas, 1771)

Onitis ion (A. G. Olivier, 1789) ??

Photo by Oz Rittner. http://webzoom.freewebs.com/saturnids/Bubas%20bubaloides.jpg

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Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 105 – September 2013

Tribe Onthophagini

Caccobius (Caccobius) histeroides (Menetries, 1832)

Caccobius (Caccobius) mundus (Menetries, 1839)

Caccobius (Caccobius) schreberi (Linnaeus, 1767 )

Caccobius (Caccophilus) pulicarius Harold, 1875

Euonthophagus amyntas ssp. alces (Fabricius, 1792)

Euonthophagus atramentarius (Menetries, 1832) Euonthophagus conterminus Petrovitz, 1971

Euonthophagus gibbosus (Scriba, 1790)

Euonthophagus tissoni (Reitter, 1906)

Onthophagus (Eremonthophagus) transcaspicus Konig, 1889

Onthophagus (Furconthophagus) furcatus (Fabricius, 1781)

Onthophagus (Micronthophagus) melanocephalus Klug, 1845

Onthophagus (Onthophagus) illyricus (Scopoli, 1763)

Onthophagus (Onthophagus) taurus (Schreber, 1759)

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) aerarius Reitter, 1892

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) aleppensis Redtenbacher, 1843

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) andalusicus Waltl, 1835

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) angorensis Petrovitz, 1963

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) bytinskii Balthasar, 1960

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) coenobita (Herbst, 1783)

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) cruciatus Menetries, 1832

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Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) falzonii Goidanich, 1926

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) fissicornis (Steven, 1809)

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) fissinasus Fairmaire, 1895

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) fracticornis (Preyssler, 1790)

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) hermonensis Baraud, 1982

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) lucidus (Sturm, 1800)

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) marginalis Gebler, 1817

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) muelleri P. Novak, 1921

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) nebulosus Reiche, 1864

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) opacicollis Reitter, 1892

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) ruficapillus Brulle, 1832

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) sericatus Reitter, 1892

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) similis (Scriba, 1790) ??

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) speculifer Solsky, 1876 ??

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) suturellus Brulle, 1832

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) truchmenus ssp. truchmenus Kolenati, 1846

Onthophagus (Palaeonthophagus) vacca (Linnaeus, 1767) ??

Tribe Scarabaeini

Ateuchetus puncticollis (Latreille, 1819)

Ateuchetus semipunctatus (Fabricius, 1792)

Mnematidium multidentatum (Klug, 1845)

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Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 105 – September 2013

Scarabaeus (Mesoscarabaeus) cristatus Fabricius, 1775

Scarabaeus (Scarabaeus) gangeticus (Castelnau, 1840)

Scarabaeus (Scarabaeus) irakensis Stolfa, 1938

Scarabaeus (Scarabaeus) pius (Illiger, 1803)

Scarabaeus (Scarabaeus) sacer Linnaeus, 1758

Scarabaeus (Scarabaeus) typhon (Fischer de Waldheim, 1823)

Photo by Oz Rittner. http://www.nature-of-oz.com/Scarabaeus%20irakensis.jpg

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Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 105 – September 2013

Tribe Sisyphini

Sisyphus schaefferi boschnakii Fischer de Waldheim, 1824

Subfamily Aphodiinae

Acanthobodilus immundus (Creutzer, 1799)

Acrossus luridus (Fabricius, 1775)

Alocoderus hydrochaeris (Fabricius, 1798)

Alocoderus turbatus (Baudi, 1870)

Amidorus cribrarius (Brulle, 1832)

Amidorus obscurus (Fabricius, 1792)

Aphodius fimetarius (Linne, 1758)

Aphodius foetidus (Herbst, 1783)

Biralus equinus (Faldermann, 1835)

Biralus menetriesi (Menetries, 1847)

Biralus satellitius (Herbst, 1789)

Bodiloides ictericus ssp. ghardimaouensis (Balthasar, 1929)

Bodilopsis rufa (Moll, 1782)

Bodilopsis sordida (Fabricius, 1775)

Bodilus lugens (Creutzer, 1799)

Bodilus punctipennis (Erichson, 1848)

Bodilus sabaeus (Peyerhimhoff, 1907)

Calamosternus granarius (Linne, 1767)

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Calamosternus hyxos (Petrovitz, 1962)

Calamosternus pseudounicolor (Balthasar, 1960)

Calamosternus trucidatus (Harold, 1863)

Chilothorax discedens (A. Schmidt, 1907)

Chilothorax distinctus (O. F. Muller, 1776)

Chilothorax hieroglyphicus (Klug, 1845)

Chilothorax hucklesbyi (Paulian, 1942)

Chilothorax lineolatus (Illiger, 1803)

Chilothorax melanostictus (W. Schmidt, 1840)

Colobopterus erraticus (Linne, 1758)

Erytus aequalis (A. Schmidt, 1907)

Erytus cognatus (Fairmaire, 1860)

Erytus lindemannae (Balthasar, 1960)

Erytus mesopotamicus (Petrovitz, 1961)

Erytus opacior (D. Koshantschikov, 1894)

Erytus pruinosus (Reitter, 1892)

Esymus filitarsis (Reitter, 1898)

Esymus merdarius (Fabricius, 1775)

Esymus ornatulus (Harold, 1866)

Esymus pusillus (Herbst, 1789)

Esymus suturinigra (A. Schmidt, 1916)

Eudolus quadriguttatus (Herbst, 1783)

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Euheptaulacus carinatus (Germar, 1824)

Euorodalus longevittatus (A. Schmidt, 1916)

Labarrus digitatus (Harold, 1871)

Labarrus lividus (Olivier, 1789)

Labarrus splendidus (Petrovitz, 1955)

Liothorax isikdagensis (Balthasar, 1952)

Liothorax plagiatus (Linne, 1767)

Loraphodius suarius (Faldermann, 1835)

Mecynodes angulosus (Harold, 1869)

Mecynodes leucopterus (Klug, 1945)

Mecynodes trochylus (Reitter, 1892)

Megatelus contractus (Klug, 1845)

Melinopterus consputus (Creutzer,1799)

Melinopterus prodromus (Brahm,1790)

Melinopterus pubescens (Sturm,1805)

Melinopterus punctatosulcatus ssp. hirtipes (Fischer, 1844)

Melinopterus sphacelatus (Panzer, 1798)

Melinopterus tingens (Reitter, 1892)

Mendidaphodius angustatus (Klug, 1845) - Palestine

Mendidaphodius armiger (Harold, 1874) - Palestine, Syria

Mendidaphodius lepidulus (Harold, 1866) - Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon

Mendidaphodius linearis (Reiche and Saulcy, 1856) -Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria

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Mendidaphodius palaestinensis (Petrovitz, 1963) - Palestine, Jordan

Mendidius assectator (Balthasar, 1961) - Palestine, Jordan, Syria

Mendidius (?) calliger (Sahlberg, 1908) - Palestine, Lebanon, Syria

Mendidius fimbriolatus (Mannerheim, 1849) - Palestine, Jordan, Syria

Mendidius palmetincolus (Karsch, 1881) - Palestine, Sinai

Mesontoplatys arabicus (Harold, 1875) - Palestine, Sinai

Nialosternus sitiphoides (d'Orbigny, 1896) - Palestine, Jordan, Syria

Nialus politus (Mulsant and Rey, 1870) - Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria

Nialus varians (Duftschmid, 1805) - Palestine, Jordan

Nimbus contaminatus (Herbst, 1783) - Palestine

Nimbus harpagonis (Reitter, 1890) - Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria

Nimbus libanonensis (Petrovitz, 1958) - Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria

Nimbus obliteratus (Panzer, 1823) - Palestine

Nobius serotinus (Panzer, 1799) - Palestine

Oxyomus sylvestris (Scopoli, 1763) - Palestine, Syria

Parabodilus wollastoni ssp. iranicus (Balthasar, 1946) - Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Sinai, Syria

Phalacronothus fumigatulus (Reitter, 1892) - Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria

Phalacronothus hilaris (Harold, 1869) - Palestine, Jordan, Syria

Phalacronothus quadrimaculatus (Linne, 1761) - Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria

Plagiogonus esymoides (Reitter, 1893) - Palestine

Plagiogonus nanoides (Balthasar, 1961) - Palestine, Jordan, Syria

Plagiogonus praeustus (Ballion, 1871) - Palestine, Syria

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Plagiogonus syriacus (Harold, 1863) - Palestine, Syria

Planolinellus vittatus (Say, 1825) - Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria

Pseudacrossus koshantschikovi (Jakobson, 1911) - Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria

Pseudacrossus suffertus (A. Schmidt, 1916) - Palestine, Syria

Pseuderytus chobauti (Clouet, 1896) - Palestine, Jordan

Pseudesymus lucidus (Klug, 1845) - Palestine, Sinai

Sahlbergianus longissimus (Sahlberg, 1908)

Subrinus (?) feculentus (Fairmaire, 1892) - Palestine

Subrinus sturmi (Harold, 1870) - Palestine

Subrinus vitellinus (Klug, 1845) - Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Sinai, Syria

Volinus (?) signifer (Mulsant and Rey, 1870) - Palestine, Syria

http://www.nature-of-oz.com/Subrinus%20sturmi.jpg

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Tribe Eupariini

Ataenius horticola Harold, 1869 - Palestine, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria

Tribe Psammodiini

Brindalus porcicollis (Illiger, 1803) - Palestine, Lebanon, Syria

Diastictus vulneratus (Sturm, 1805) - Palestine, Lebanon

Leiopsammodius laevicollis (Klug, 1845) - Palestine, Jordan, Syria

Psammodius asper (Fabricius, 1775) – Palestine

Psammodius laevipennis A. Costa, 1844 - Palestine, Lebanon, Syria

Psammodius nocturnus Reitter, 1892 - Palestine, Lebanon, Syria

Psammodius asper (Fabricius, 1775). Source: Darren J. Mann.

http://www.coleoptera.org.uk/scarabaeoidea/psammodius-asper

Tribe Rhyssemiini

Platytomus laevistriatus (Perris, 1869)

Platytomus tibialis (Fabricius, 1798)

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Pleurophorus anatolicus Petrovitz, 1961

Pleurophorus arabicus Pittino and Mariani, 1986

Pleurophorus caesus (Creutzer, 1796)

Pleurophorus opacus Reitter, 1893

Rhyssemodes orientalis (Mulsant and Godart, 1875)

Rhyssemus beritensis Marseul, 1878

Rhyssemus verrucosus Mulsant, 1842

Trichiorhyssemus setulosus (Reitter, 1892)

Rhyssemodes orientalis (Mulsant and Godart, 1875).

http://jcringenbach.free.fr/website/beetles/scarabaeidae/Rhyssemodes_orientalis.htm

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References and Internet Websites:

Cambefort, Yves. Beetles as Religious Symbols. http://www.insects.org/ced1/beetles_rel_sym.html Copeland, Dave (Cameraman), NBC News. Insect invasion: Israel battles plague of locusts. NBC News. http://worldnews.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/05/13/18233295-insect-invasion-israel-battles-plague-of-locusts?lite Department of Entomology. The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. http://departments.agri.huji.ac.il/entomology/ Evenor, Zachi. Insects in Israel . Flickr. http://www.flickr.com/photos/zachievenor/sets/72157623220701942/ Freidberg, A. and Y. Ben-Dov (Editors). (2007). Israel Journal of Entomology. Vol. 37, 2007. http://www.magnes-press.com/Book/Israel+Journal+of+Entomology.aspx?code=45-412004 Israeli Journal of Entomology - Cover photo. (2008). Vol. 38, 2008.

http://www.nature-of-oz.com/apps/photos/photo?photoid=60173104 Khalaf, Norman Ali Bassam (3930). Tabie’t Al-Talawon fi Al-Haywanat (The Colouration of Animals). Al-Biology Bulletin. Number 1. January 1980, Safar 1401. Biological Society, Kuwait University, State of Kuwait. pp. 4-5. (In Arabic). Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam (1992). An Introduction to the Animal Life in Palestine. Gazelle. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Federal Republic of Germany. Number 30, Tenth Year, October 1992. pp. 1-7. (In Arabic). Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam (1994). An Introduction to the Animal Life in Palestine. Shqae’q Al-Nouma’n (Anemone coronaria). A Quarterly Magazine Issued by the Program EAI (Education for Awareness and for Involvement). Environmental Education / Children for Nature Protection. In Cooperation with Dept. of General and Higher Education. P.L.O., Palestine. Number 4. Huzairan (June) 1994. pp. 16-21. (In Arabic). Khalaf, Norman Ali Bassam (2001). The Extinct and Endangered Animals in Palestine. In: Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin Home Page. Extinct and Endangered Animals and Reintroduction. http://gazelle.8m.net/photo3.html Khalaf-von Jaffa, Norman Ali (2004). Gazelle: Das Palästinensische Biologische Bulletin. Eine Wissenschaftliche Reise in Palästina, Arabien und Europa zwischen 1983 – 2004. / Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. A Scientific Journey in Palestine, Arabia and Europe between 1983 – 2004. Erste Auflage / First Edition, Juli 2004: 452 Seiten / Pages. Zweite erweiterte Auflage (Second Extended Edition), August 2004: 460 Seiten / Pages. Norman Ali Khalaf, Bonn-Bad Godesberg, Germany. http://dr-norman-ali-khalaf-books.webs.com/

Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (Gründer) (seit Juni 2007). Yahoo! Deutschland Group: Fauna Palaestina.

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http://de.groups.yahoo.com/group/Fauna_Palaestina/ Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (Gründer) (seit September 2007). Yahoo! Deutschland Group: Fauna Arabica. http://de.groups.yahoo.com/group/Fauna_Arabica/ Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2007). Haywanat Filistin (Fauna of Palestine). Wikipedia, Al-Mawsu'a Al-Hurra (The Free Encyclopedia). Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. Number 69, Twenty-fifth Year, September 2007 CE, Sha’ban 3423 AH. pp. 3-4. (in Arabic). http://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86 Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2009). Flora and Fauna in Palestine. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178 – 6288. Number 91, July 2009, Rajab 1430 AH. pp. 1-31. Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://flora-fauna-palestine.webs.com/ Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dr. Norman Ali Bassam (2009). Fauna Palaestina – Part One. A Zoological Journey in Palestine, Arabia and Europe between 1983 – 2006 / Fauna Palaestina – Teil Eins. Eine Zoologische Reise in Palästina, Arabien und Europa zwischen 1983 – 2006. ISBN 978-9948-03-865-8. Erste Auflage/First Edition, September 2009: 412 Seiten/Pages. Self Publisher: Dr. Norman Ali Bassam Khalaf-von Jaffa, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates & Rilchingen-Hanweiler, Bundesrepublik Deutschland. http://dr-norman-ali-khalaf-books.webs.com/faunapalaestinapart1.htm Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2010). Fauna Emiratus - Part One. Zoological Studies in the United Arab Emirates between 2004 - 2009. / Fauna Emiratus – Teil Eins. Zoologische Studien in die Vereinigten Arabischen Emirate zwischen 2004 - 2009. ISBN 978-9948-15-462-4. Erste Auflage/First Edition, November 2010: 350 Seiten / Pages. Self Publisher: Dr. Norman Ali Bassam Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates & Rilchingen-Hanweiler, Bundesrepublik Deutschland. http://dr-norman-ali-khalaf-books.webs.com/faunaemiratuspart1.htm Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dr. Norman Ali Bassam (2012). Fauna Palaestina – Part Two. Zoological Studies in Palestine between 1983 – 2009 / Fauna Palaestina - Teil Zwei. Zoologische Studien in Palästina zwischen 1983 – 2009. ISBN 978-9948-16-667-2. 1. Auflage / First Edition : July 2012, Shaaban 1433 H. 208 Seiten / Pages (Arabic Part 120 Pages and the English Part 88 Pages). Publisher: Dar Al Jundi Publishing House, Jerusalem, Palestine. http://dr-norman-ali-khalaf-books.webs.com/faunapalaestinapart2.htm Khalaf-von Jaffa, Dr. Norman Ali Bassam (2013). Fauna Palaestina – Part Three. Zoological Studies in Palestine between 2005 – 2012 / Fauna Palaestina - Teil Drei. Zoologische Studien in Palästina zwischen 2005 – 2012. ISBN 978-9950-383-35-7. Erste Auflage / First Edition : July 2013, Shaaban 1434 H. 364 pages (English Part 350 Pages and the Arabic Part 14 Pages). Publisher: Dar Al Jundi Publishing House, Jerusalem, State of Palestine. http://dr-norman-ali-khalaf-

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Gazelle : The Palestinian Biological Bulletin – Number 105 – September 2013

books.webs.com/faunapalaestinapart3.htm Khalaf-Sakerfalke von Jaffa, Prof. Dr. Sc. Norman Ali Bassam Ali Taher (2013). Checklist of the Family Scarabaeidae (Scarab Beetles) from Palestine. Gazelle: The Palestinian Biological Bulletin. ISSN 0178 – 6288. Number 105, September 2013, Thu Al Qia’da 1434 AH. pp. 1-26. Dubai and Sharjah, United Arab Emirates. http://palestine-insects.webs.com/scarab-beetles Pavlíček, Tomas; Vladimir Chikatunov, Vasily Kravchenko, Petr Zahradnik & Eviatar Nevo (1999). New records of deathwatch beetles (Anobiidae) from Israel. Zoology in the Middle East. Volume 17, Issue 1, 1999. pages 77-78. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09397140.1999.10637771#.Uh-KSdI3CSq Ptashkovskiy, Yu.A. Beetles of Israel -illustrated atlas. http://www.zin.ru/animalia/coleoptera/eng/col_izrb.htm Springer. Abstracts of papers presented at the 16th conference of the Entomological Society of Israel Research on thrips in Israel Dedicated to the Memory of Prof. E. Rivnay on the 100th Anniversary of his Birth. http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2FBF02981466 The Insect World of Israel. Israel’s Nature Site. http://www.nature-of-oz.com/scarablist.htm Trek Nature. Insects in Israel. http://www.treknature.com/themes.php?thid=177 Ward, Alex and Steve Nolan (6 March 2013). Locust swarm hits Israel as a million insects cross border from Egypt . Mail Online. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2288908/Locust-swarm-hits-Israel-millions-insects-cross-border-Egypt.html Wikipedia. Scarabaeidae. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scarabaeidae Wikimedia Commons. Insects of Israel. http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Insects_of_Israel

Photo by Oz Rittner. http://www.nature-of-oz.com/Scarabaeus%20sacer.jpg