CHEE 321: CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING

(Fall 2008)

INSTRUCTORDr. Robin Hutchinson

Room 426, Dupuis Hallrobin.hutchinson@chee.queensu.ca

http://www.chemeng.queensu.ca/courses/CHEE321/

• Research Interest: Polymer REACTION ENGINEERING• Polymerization kinetics and mechanisms• Mathematical modeling of processes used to produce polymers for

automotive coatings, diapers, hairspray, pharmaceutical capsules, beverage stabilization, …

About Me

• B.Eng. from McMaster University, PhD from University of Wisconsin-Madison

• 9 years working in industry (DuPont in USA and Europe) before coming to Queen’s in 2000

RAWMATERIAL

PRODUCTREACTOR

Typical Chemical Process

SEPARATOR

SEPARATOR

Undesirablebyproducts

Recycle of reactants

Course material and slides adapted from:

Dr. Kunal Karan, CHEE 321 instructor 2002-07

Chemical Reaction Engineering (CRE)

• What is Chemical Reaction Engineering?– CRE deals with chemically reactive systems of engineering

significance.

– Chemical reaction engineering is the discipline that quantifies the interactions of transport phenomena and reaction kineticsin relating reactor performance to operating conditions and feed variables.

(Source: ISCRE website)

Why Chemical Reaction Engineering (CRE)??

• CRE is needed in the development of new and the improvement of existingtechnologies.

– search for alternative processes to replace old ones• novel reactors (use of metallocene catalysts to produce new HDPE/PP materials)

– find routes to make a product from different feedstock• novel processes for synthesis-gas production

• Hydrocarbon production from syn gas

• Biodiesel production

• Polymers produced from renewable feedstocks

– reduce/eliminate unwanted byproducts, intermediates, solvents, etc…• Reduced solvent content in paints• NOx reduction

• CRE is perhaps the key course that differentiates Chemical Engineering & Engineering Chemistry from other engineers

CRE Application -Ethylene Production

Picture Source: Linde website

• Ethylene is used for manufacturing polyethylene -the world's most widely used plastic

• NOVA Chemicals and Dow Chemical at Joffre

• The highest capacity of any ethylene production site in the world.

• largest single ethane based cracker in the world.

C2H6 → C2H4 + H2

(High-temperature tubular reactors)

CRE Application - SMOG Modeling

Allows us to estimate the extent of smog formation ...

CRE Application: Large-scale growth of Stem Cells

• The challenge is to grow large quantities of viable cell….

CRE Application: Pharmacokinetics

CRE can be applied to describehumanbody-drug interaction

http://habanero.ibme.wustl.edu/PK-model.jpg

CRE Application: Fuel Cells

What do we expect to learn in the Chemical Reaction Engineering course ??

• In CRE, we will develop a general methodology useful in approaching a variety of systems

– chemical (e.g. chemical production, pollution abatement)– polymers– biochemical and biological (e.g. enzyme growth, stem cell growth)– electrochemical (e.g. fuel cells)– ecological

where engineering of reactions is needed

Chemical Kinetics & Chemical Reactor Designwill be at the core of this course

Course (Content) OrganizationIsothermal, Ideal Reactor (Single Reaction) Design

Mole Balance(Module-1)

In – Out + Con = AccFA,in-FA,out+(rA)V = dCA/dt

Rate Law(Module-2)

(rA) = kCAn

Design Algorithm(Module-3)

1. GMBE, 2. Rate Law3. Stoich 4.Combine

Analysis of Rate law(Module-4)

Kinetics: How to obtain k and rxn order

Multiple Reactions(Module-5)

Selectivity, Yield

Non-Isothermal Reactor Design

dT/dz = ?

Tin-Tout =?

Output

• Reactor Volume• Reaction Time

• Rate Constant

• Conversion• Product Composition

• Energy Balance• Heat Transfer Rate• Equilibrium Reactions• Multiple Steady State

(Module-6)• Temperature Profile• Heat Removal• Heating Requirement

Output

REACTANT(S) PRODUCT

(Ethane)(Ethylene)

REACTOR

HeatTransfer

Mass Transfer Fluid

Mechanics

ReactionKinetics

What’s involved in reactor design ?

Thermodynamics

CHEE 321 PREREQUISITES: CHEE 210, and CHEE 222 or MINE 221

221 CHEE210

223

How does the course link to other CHEE courses…

210

XXCHEE 360

CHEE 321 - TEXTBOOKS/RESOURCES

• Course Textbook– Elements of Chemical Reaction Engineering

by H.Scott Fogler, 4th Edition, Prentice Hall

– Accompanying Resource: CD-ROM• Summary Notes• Interactive Computer Modules• Solved Problems - Thoughts on Problem Solving

• Reference Texts– Chemical Reaction Engineering

by Octave Levenspiel, 3rd Edition, Wiley & Sons– An Introduction to Chemical Engineering Kinetics & Reactor Design

by C.G. Hill, Wiley & Sons

EVALUATIONSGrading (Tentative)

Mid-term (CLOSED BOOK) 20%Module Assignments (3-5) 10%321 Design Assignments (2) 15%Integrated Design Project 15%Final (Open Book) 40%Total 100%

• Practice Problems and Assignments posted for every module

• Assignments can be completed in pairs (two people to one assignment)

• Check the website regularly!

3rd Year Integrated Design Course

• Run by CHEE “design engineer in residence”, Dave Mody

• Integrates together aspects of CHEE 311, CHEE 318, CHEE 321. – Your final report (done in groups of 4) counts towards your final grade in

all 3 courses– Those of you taking only 1 out of these 3 courses will do a related project

(2 out of 3 courses and you’re still on a project team)

• Some 321 lectures (also true for other courses) will be special “design” lectures, covering material important to design (economics, safety, the design process, …) not treated in other courses.

– For CHEE 321, many of these will be in Week 5 of classes

• Project will also be the major component of CHEE 360– First lecture (including introduction to Design Problem) is Wed at 11:30. – Please attend – it is important!

Your CHEE 360 instructor

3rd Year Integrated Design Course (cont’d)

• Project teams will be formed within CHEE 360 Workshop sections

• Your team members will be assigned

• For those not in 360 (~20 students), you will also be assigned to a project team

• We will use email (qlink addresses) to notify you of your project team, and your teammates’ email addresses– If you do not want your qlink email address sent to your project team

members, please let me know (via email)

Teaching Assistants

• Michael Fitzpatrick• Michael Faba• Raul Moraes• Devon Lehrer

Duties: • Marking assignments / midterm• Running tutorials (1st tutorial Monday, 15Sept)• Office hours / student help• One (or more) TAs will be dedicated to the design

assignments

• In this course, emphasis is placed on deep understanding and learning.

• Understanding of basic concepts and problem solving skills will be promoted.

• Assessment will be based on demonstrated ability to apply basic concepts to effectively solve a problem using the language of engineers – mathematics.

On learning and securing good marks

Check the website for course notes and other announcements

http://www.chemeng.queensu.ca/courses/CHEE321/

New technology (at least for me):

I will also send out announcements using the AppSci web portal

Log on at: https://my.engineering.queensu.ca/login/