chemical and physical properties .of soils in ...station and the soil conservation ser-vice...

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES .OF SOILS IN NORTHUMBERLAND AND . .

LANCASTER COUNTIES, VIRGINIA

S.S. ObenaAain, J. H. Elder, and B. R. Brasher

Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station Virginia Polytechnic Institute

Research Re~rt No. 51 Blacksburg, Virginia April, 1961

S. S. Obenshain, Agronomist, Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station, Blacksburg, Virginia.

J. H. Elder, Jr. , Assistant Agronomist, Virginia Agrkultural Experi-ment Station, Blacksburg, Virginia.

B. R.. Brasher, Soil Scientist, Soil Conservation Service, Beltsville, Maryland.

CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

OF SO I LS IN

NORTHUMBERLAND AND LANCASTER COUNTIES, VIRGINIA*

Introduction

The Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station and The Soil Conservation Ser-vice completed a soi 1 survey of Northum-berland and Lancaster Counties in 1959. To get the greatest value from thtssotl survey, studies were made of the physi-cal and chemical properties of the soils.

The completed soil survey map shows the extent and location of the various soils in the county. The soil survey report classifies the soils, groupihg them according to 'specific use and management classes. The groupings are based on Interpretations of their mor-phological,genetlc, and physico-chemical properties. To help Classify the differ-ent soils and to make interpretations for use and management, laboratory studies were made during the survey. On completion of the field mapping, soil samples were collected for physical and chemical analyses. The data presented here supplements the soil survey report and other related publications.

*Authors acknowledge the help of R. E. Devereux, Agronomy Department, VPI, in preparing this report; H.E. Daile» laboratory technician, VP~ for making the chemical analyses; the Soil Survey Laboratory, Li nco 1 n, Nebraska, for the mechanical analyses (particle size distribution); the Virginia Department of Highways for the engineering data; and the Soll Survey Laborator» Belts-ville, Maryland, for bulk dens it~ per-meability, and moisture retention studies.

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Data Sheets

Each data sheet includes tables and a brief description of the soil analyzed. The ft rs t 3 tab 1 es show chem lea 1, mecha-n i ca 1, and engineering properties of the soil. The fourth· table gives data on moisture retention, bulk denstty,and percolation rates.

Chemical Properties

When a proper balance of plant food and organic matter is maintained In the plow-layer of a well-drained soil, good plant growth may be expected. Certain other properties of the soil profile--such as effective depth, structure, tex-ture, conslstency,and density--are also quite Important. These characteristics largely determine water infiltration, permeability, and drainage. 'Together they fix crop adaptation to the soil. The Ao horizon ts not a part of the mi-neral soi 1 but ts rather an accumulation of organic matter and consists of part-ly decomposed forest debris and plant rema Ins. The A hor I zon, some t Imes ca 11 ed the surface soil, includes the portion of the soil which ts plowed. In Virginia, that layer of soil Is affected most by leaching and.erosion. Th~ Bl, B2, B3, etc., horizons are subdivisions repre-senting layers of the subsoil. The B2 ordinarily contains more clay and is usually finer textured than the rest of the soil. Soil parent material ls de-signated the C horizon, and where this ts layered, CJ, C2, etc., are used.

Degree of soil acidity is expressedby pH. The following descriptive designa-tions have been applied to pH values:

Extremely acid ............... Below 4.5 Very strongly acid ........... 4.5 - 5.0 Strongly acid ................ 5.1 - 5.5 Medium acid .................. 5.6 - 6.0 Slightly acid ................ 6.1 - 6.5 Neutral (essentially) ........ 6.6 - 7.3 Mildly alkaline .•............ 7.4 - 7.8 Moderately alkaline .........• 7.9 - 8.4 Strongly alkaline ............ 8.5 - 9.0 Very strongly alkaline ....... 9. I+

Truog phosphorus, a di lute acid solu-ble phosphorus, is an estimate of the amount of phosphorus readily available to plants in acid soils (8). Generally, it is considered that· 25 ppm. , (50 pounds per acre) Is adequate for most crops grown In Virginia.

Calcium, magnesium and potassium are exchangeable cations ~nd importantplant nutrients. When these elements are In exchangeable form, they are available to plants In varying degrees. Potassium is generally more available and calcium less available than magnesium. As these bases are removed by plants, aluminum and hydrogen ions take their p 1 ace. Be-cause aluminum, like hydrogen, acts as an acid the exchangeable hydrogen re-ported includes exchangeable aluminum. The percent base saturation Is the pro-portion of the total cations that Is made up of exchangeable calcium, mag-nesium, and potassium. For Vlrglniacon-dltions a fertile soil usually has a high percent base saturation.

The sum of the exchangeable cations, including aluminum and hydrogen, is equal to the total cation exchange ca-pacity of the soil. The value isusually higher when there ls hlg~,r clay or organic matter content in the soil. Certain types of clay yield a higher value than others, but with few ex-ceptions, humus or organic matter give a higher value, pound for pound, than clay. The higher the cation exchange capacity, the greater the nutrient holding capac)ty of the soil. Soils with low cation exchange capacities re-lease stored nutrients to plants more easily at lower total nutrient content. It is much easier to raise the pH of a soil with low exchange capacity.

4

The notation milli-equlvalents per 100 grams of soil can be converted to pounds per acre of soil.on the basis that an acre of soil six or seven inches deep weighs approximately 2,000,000 peunds. One mi 11 I-equivalent per 100 grams of sol l is equ i va I ent to 940 pounds of pot-ash or 1,000 lbs. of limestone (CaC03) per acre furrow slice.

In Virginia a condition of at least 50 percent base saturation is desirable in the surface six to seven inches. These bases should be present In a proportion of about ten times as much calcium, and two ti mes as much magnes I um, as p::>tass i -um if there ls a minimum of 0.3 m.e. of potassium. A soil with a total of 10 m.e. of exchangeable cations would have a good nutrient crndltlon if there were 5 m.e. hydrogen, 4 m.e. calcium, 0.7 m.e. magnesium, and 0.3 m.e. potassium. If the soil has a high cation exchange capacity, it would be important to have much more calcium and slightly more p<>-tass I um and magnes I um. If the soi 1 has a lower cation exchange capacity, the calcium requirement is less: ·the mag-neslum,and most important, the potassi-um 1eve1 shou 1 d be the same. Many cu I ti -vated soi ls nparts of Virginia contain a high proportion of magnesium as a re-sult of the widespread use of dolomitic limestone. This may be unfavorable if the build-up of magnesium continues.

Results of the chemical analyses made in the Soils Laboratory at the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station are shown under chemical characteristics on the data sheets (5*, 8).

Physical Properties

On the data sheets particle size dis-tribution and textural class of samples from each soil horizon ls shown under Meehan i ca 1 Ana I yses (2,3,4). Ana 1 yses for

*Modified for determinations on orig-inal extracts with Beckman DU Flame Spectrophotometer for Exchangeable Calcium, Magnesium, Potassluml and Sodium). (Also modified for determina-tion of Exchangeable Manganese on original extracts with Klett-Sunmer-son Photoelectric Colorimeter.

this table were made In the Soll Survey Laboratory, Lincoln, Nebraska.

Under Engineering Characteristic~ the results of tests made by the Virginia Department of Highways are listed. These ana 1 yses we re run accord Ing to the stand-ard procedure of the American Associ-ation of State Highway Officials (1). The results differ from those shown under particle size distribution. lnthe A.A.S.H.O. procedure the amount of fine material Is determined by the use of a hydrometer and the various grain-size fractions are calculated on the basis of all the material including that which Is coarser than 2 millimeters India-meter. They are not suitable for use In designating soil textural classes. Ac-cording to the Soll Survey Laboratory Procedure results listed under particle size distribution on data sheets), the fine material ls analyzed by the pipette method. Material coarser than 2 milli-meters In diameter Is excluded from grain-size fractions.

The system approved by the American Association of State Highway Officials recognizes seven main groups. These groups range from stone fragments through highly plastic clays and are designated as follows: A-1 ~tone fragments, gravel and sand)to A-4(nonplastic to moderate-ly plastic silty soils) to A-6 (medium plastic clays~and A-7-6 (highly plastic clays).

The unified classification system is made up of 15 classes (9). Of these, eight are coarse grained, six are fine grained and one is highly organic. In the fine grained classes over50percent of the soil material passes a No. 200 sieve. ML includes inorganic silts and very fine sands, silty or clayey fine sands, and c 1 ayey s i 1 ts of s 1 i ght plas-ticity. CL ls comprised of inorganic clays of low to medium plasticity, grav-elly clays, sandy clays,and silty clays. Both ML and CL have liquid limits below 50. MH includes Inorganic silts, mica-ceous fine sandy or silty sol ls. CH in-cludes Inorganic' clays of h I gli pl as ti cl -ty.

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Classes in both systems give general Interpretations as to their rating for subgrade; foundation material, embank-ment and other engineering uses.

' Results of moisture retention andper-meabl llty studies made by the Soll Sur-vey Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland, are given under moisture retention, bulk density, and percolation rates.

Percent water retention at field ca-pacl ty (1/10 or 1/3 bar) and field bulk density were determined' using lx2 11 inch so 11 cores ( l O}. Percent water re-tent I on at the permanentwlltlng point of plants (15 bar) was determined using fragmented soil samples (6). Field ca-pacity of fTne sandy loam or coarser horizons Is most closely approxlmatedby water retention at 1/10 bar. Field ca-pacity of horizons with texture finer than fine sandy loam Is most closely approximated by water retention at 1/3 bar. Water retained between field ca-pacl ty and the permanent wilting point Is considered available to plants and can be expressed on a vo 1 ume bas Is us Ing bulk density values. Total porosity, cap 111 ary, and non-cap 111 ary poros lty can be calculated using bulk density, water retained at field capaclt~ and particle density (assumed to be 2.65 g/cc for m I ne r a I so 11 s} •

Percolation rates were determined using the equipment and procedures sug-gested by Slater (7) and modified by Davidson;'~. Measured percolation rates are par ti a 11 y dependent on so 11 s true tu re and the water content of a profile at the time of measurement. Therefore, perco 1 at I on rates of non-rep 11 cated sol l prof! Jes and horizons will not accurate-ly reflect the permeability of a soil type throughout Its range.

* Personal correspondence from Benny R. Brasher.

REFERENCES

(I) American Association of State High-way Officials. Standard Specifica-tions for Highway Materials and Me-thods of Sampling and Testing. Part I, Specifications. Seventh Edition, 1955. Part 11; Methods of Sampling and Testing, Seventh Edition, 1955. Part Ill, Additional Specification~ Tests and Revisions To Parts I and II. Seventh Edition, 1958.

(2) Kilmer, V. J. and Alexander, L. T. Methods of Making Mechanical Analy-ses of Soils. Soll Sci. 68:15-24, 1949.

(3) Kilmer, V. J. and Mullins, J. F. Improved Stirring and PI pett I ngAppa-ratus for Mechanical Analysis of Soils. Soil Sci. 77:437-441, 1954.

(4) Olmstead, L. B., Alexander, L. T. and Middleton, H. E. A Pipette Me-thod of Meehan i ca 1 Ana 1 ys Is of Soi Is Based on Improved Dispersion Pro-cedure. U.S.D.A. Technical Bullet!~ 170, 1930.

(5) Peech, M., Alexander, L. T., Dean, L. A. and Reed, J. F. Methods of Soil Analysis for Soil Fertility In-vest I gat Ions. U.S. D .A. Cl rcul c;r 757, 1947.

6

(6) Richards, L.A. Methods of Measuring Soll Moisture Tension. Soll Sci. 68:95-112, 1949.

(7) Slater, C. S. Cylinder lnflltroire-ters for Determining Rates of Irri-gation. Soll Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 21 :457-460, 1957.

(8) Truog, E. The Determination of the Read I I y - Ava I lab 1 e Phosphorus of Soils. Jour. Amer. Soc. Agron. 22: 874-882' 1930.

(9) Unified Classification System. Tech. Memo. No. 3-357, Vol. 1, Waterways Expt. Sta. Corps of Engineers, 1953.

(lO)U.S. Salinity Laboratory Staff. Di-agnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils. U.S.D.A. Hand-book No. 60. U.S. Government Print-ing Office, Washington, D.C., 1954.

c

Hor-izon

Ap B2 Bm c

Hor-izon

Ap B2 Bm c

Hor-izon

Ap B2 Bm c

Hor-izon

Ap B2 Bm c

0-7"

7-23"

23-34"

34-60''

pH

5,96 4.98 4.52 4.52

BELTSVILLE LOAM

Yellowish brown (lOYR 5/4) friable loam; moderate fine granular structure; many fine roots; abrupt smooth boundary.

Brownish yellow (lOYR 6/6) friable silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; faintly mottled with pale brown and brownish yellow in lower three inches; contains few fine roots; few worm holes and occasional small quartz gravel; abrupt smooth boundary.

Brownish yellow (lOYR 6/6) firm fine sandy loam; moderate medium to thick platy structure; many distinct fine medium and coarse mottles of light gray and strong brown; many fine and medium pores; few fine quartz gravel; gradual smooth boundary.

Yellowish red (5YR 5/8) friable sandy clay loam; many fine and medium distinct mottles of reddish yellow and brownish· yellow; few fine quartz gravel and few small fragments of sandstone.

Chemical Characteristics

Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base p Matter Manganese {Mi lli-eguivalents !!er 100 grams of soil) Saturation

(ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) ·ca Mg K Na H Totalll l. (Percent)

7.2 1.19 0.44 2.08 0.67 0.14 0.02 2.07 4.98 58.43 3.7 o. 19 0.11 o.84 0.53 0.07 0.03 3. 13 4.60 31. 96 1.8 0.08 o.44 0.14 0.27 0.06 0.02 3.24 3,73 13. 14 2.3 0.12 0.44 0.08 0.93 o. 13 0.05 8. 38 9,57 12.43

Mechanical Analysis Particle Size Distribution ( I n Mi l l i meters) (Percent) Tex-Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine Very Fine Clay tural Sand Sand Sand Sand Sand s i 1 t Less Than .2 to .02 .02 to .002 Class 2.0 to 1.0 1. 0 to ,5 .5 to .25 .25 to . 10 .10 to .05 .05 to .002 .002

0.2 2.5 6.2 22.0 12.4 48.5 8.2 44.9 28.7 0.1 1. 8 4.6 17.0 10.5 51. 2 14.8 38.6 32.8 s i l 0.5 2.5 6.2 27.9 17 .3 33,7 11. 9 46.4 21.8 fs I 0.6 1.6 4.0 28.2 16.4 17.3 31. 9 42.6 10.6 scl

Engi neerl ng Characteristics Percentage Passing Sieve Size Percentage Smaller Than : : Maximum g:;y: Opti~lf1: Classification In Inches In Millimeters In Millimeters L.L.1.1: P. I. !±L Density- : H2DL :

:2. 0: 1. 5: 1.0:.75 :.375 4.7 :2.o'. .42 :.25 :.o74 ;.05Y . 02 :. 005 ~. 002 ~ .001 : (Pounds per: (Per- Unified:A.A.S.H.O. Cubic Foot} cent) : 100 98 90 62 55 35 13 6 17 N~/ 118 11 ML A-4 (5) 100 98 93 71 67 49 24 16 24 6 120 13 ML-CL A-4 (7) 100 98 90 54 46 33 19 12 16 NP§_/ 124 10 ML A-4 (4)

100 99 96 91 55 49 42 34 30 36 10 111 17 ML-CL A-4 (4)

Moisture Retention, Bulk Density and Percolation Rates Moisture Retention - Percentages: Bulk 1/10 Bar 112 Bar 15 Bar Density In-Place Percolation

Core Core Fragmented glee. (Inches per hour)

18.6 15.9 2.9 1.61 0.97 20.7 18.0 5,3 1.66 3,53 13.0 11.8 3.3 1.88 0.26 18.2 17.5 10.3 1. 77 0.40

1/ 1 NUJ11bers refer to references on back cover 7

c

Hor-izon

Ap B2 B3 c

Hor-izon

Ap B2 B3 c

Hor-izon

Ap B2 c

Hor-izon

0-7"

7-32"

32-43"

43-72"

pH

4.30 4.50 4.58 4.90

Light brownish gray (IOYR 6/2) friable silt loam; moderate fine granular structure; abundant fine medium and coarse roots; clear smooth boundary.

Light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) friable silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; common medium distinct yellowish brown and light gray mottles increaseing with depth; few fine pores; gradual wavy boundary.

Mottled gray to light gray (2.5Y 6/0) and yellowish brown (IOYR 5/8) friable sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; few fine quartz gravel; gradual wavy boundary.

Light gray (2.5Y 7/2) loose sand; pockets of pale brown and light brownish gray sand; few fine and medium distinct brownish yet low mottles.

Chemical Characteri sties

Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base p Matter Manganese (Milli-eguivalenta 2er 100 grams of soil} Saturation

(ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H Total_!_/ (Percent)

4.2 l.47 0.22 0.45 0.26 0.12 0.08 6.01 6.92 13. 15 0.9 0. 36 0. 11 0.85 0.69 0.10 0.20 8.46 l 0.30 17.86 2.3 0.05 0.22 0. 30 0.66 0.05 o. 15 5.27 6.43 18.04 4.2 0.01 0.22 0. 10 0. 11 0.03 0.04 I. 00 1.28 21.88

Mechanical Analysis Particle Size Distribution ~In Millimeters} (Percent}

Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine Tex-Very Fine 'Clay tural Sand Sand 2. 0 to I. 0 I. 0 to .5

2.0:1.5

o.4 2.3 0.2 l. 9 I. 3 8.8 1.4 13. 5

Percentage Passing In Inches

1. 0: . 75 :.375

1/10 Bar Core

29.3 21. I 16.0 3. I

: 4. 7

Sand Sand Sand Si It . 5 to .25 .25 to . 10 • 1 O to .05 .05 to .002

8.2 6.8 I. 3 72. 7 7.6 6.0 0.9 62.0

37.4 25. 1 0.7 14.4 48.7 31. 7 0.4 2.2

Engineering Characteristics Sieve Size Percentage Smaller Than

In Mi 11 imeters : In Millimeters :L. L)/ 2.0: .42 :.25 .014 ;. 05Y .02 :.005 :. 002: .001

100 98 88 83 76 56 17 10 25 100 98 89 85 79 58 30 21 26 100 88 37 6 4 4 3 2 NP

Moisture Retention, Bulk Density and Percolation Rates Moisture Retention - Percentages

1 /3 Bar Core

25.4 18.9 14.0 2.0

8

15 Bar Fragmented

3.4 7.8 5,5 0.4

Less Than .2 to .02 .02 to .002 .002 Class

8.3 35,5 39.2 s i 1 21.4 29.6 33.7 s i 1 12.3 7.2 9,5 sl 2.1 2.0 1. 9 s

P.1.!!/ : Maximu~ ~¥:0ptim~' : Dens1t H2<r- Classification : (Pounds per (f'er-

Cubic Foot} cent} Unified:A.A.S.H.O

NPY 5 NPY

Bulk Density

/cc.

1.24 1.61 1. 72 1. 54

106 117 100

15 ML A-4 15 ML-CL A-4 17 SP-SM A-3

In-Place Percolation (Inches per hour)

9.36 7.67 0.43

40.00

(8) (8) (0)

Ap 0-9"

B21 9-15"

B22 15-23"

c 23-72"

Hor- pH izon

Ap 5.98 B21 5.82 B22 5.80 c 5.50

BERTIE SILT LOAM

Very dark grayish brown (IOYR 3/2) friable silt loam; strong fine and medium granular structure; few fine roots; few fine quartz gravel; clear smooth boundary.

Dark yellowish brown (lOYR 4/4) to olive brown (2.5Y 4/4) friable silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; darker colored infiltrations into cracks and root channels; few fine roots; occasional small roundish quartz gravel; gradual smooth boundary.

Dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) plastic clay loam; moderate to strong coarse columnar structure; few fine pores; occasional fine roundish quartz gravel; patchy distinct clay skins; many fine mica flakes; gradual smooth boundary.

Grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) plastic silty clay with pockets of sandier material; many medium and distinct mottles of gray, brownish yellow, yellowish red and white; few fine quartz gravel; many fine mica flakes.


Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base p Matter Manganese (Mllli-eguivalents E!er 100 grams of sol 1) Saturation

(ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H Tota Ill (Percent)

12.0 2.66 3.30 5.98 1. 10 0.20 0.06 7.09 14.43 50.87 2.3 0.92 1.54 5.42 0.81 0.14 0.07 4.55 10.99 58.60 2. 1 0.43 o.66 7. 11 0.84 0. 18 0. 11 4.34 12.58 65.50 2.3 0.22 0. 11 5.80 I l 18 0.21 0.08 3,57 10.84 67.07

Mechanical Anal~sls Particle Size Distribution (In Millimeters) (Percent) Tex-Hor- Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine Very Fine Clay tural izon Sand Sand Sand Sand Sand SI It Less Than .2 to .02 . 02 to . 002 Class 2.0 to 1. 0 1. 0 to .5 . 5 to .25 .25 to . 10 . 10 to . 05 .05 to .002 . 002

Ap 0.4 I. 2 I. 0 4.3 5.8 64.1 23.2 31. 2 42.0 s 11 B21 0.2 0.6 0.4 2.8 4.6 63.5 27.9 27.5 42.9 sicl B22 0.6 1. 6 0.9 8.1 12.2 43.9 32.7 34.8 28.2 cl c 0.6 1. 9 0.9 15.6 24.6 29.6 26.8 49.9 18.7 I /cl

Moisture Retention, Bulk Densit~ and Percolation Rates Moisture Retention - Percentages Bulk Hor- 1/10 Bar I /3 Bar 15 Bar Density In-Place Percolation

izon Core Core Fragmented g/cc. (Inches per hour)

B21 23.3 21. 5 9.7 1.41 1.87 B22 22.4 21. 5 11. 6 I. 56 3.70 c 26.1 24.6 11. 3 1.43 3.86

9

0-7"

7-15"

B21 15-29"

B22 29-40' I

40-55"

D 55-86"

Hor- pH izon

Ap 5.28 BJ 6.12 B21 6.94 B22 6.90 B3 6.80 D 6.38

BLADEN SILT LOAM

Dark grayish brown (2.5Y 4/2) friable silt loam; moderate medium granular structure; many worm holes; abundant fine and medium roots; abrupt smooth boundary.

Very dark gray (IOYR 3/1) slightly plastic silty clay loam; strong coarse to medium subangular blocky structure; few fine distinct yellowish brown mottles; many worm holes; occasional fine quartz gravel; clear wavy boundary.

Gray (2.5Y 5/0) very plastic silty clay loam; moderate medium and coarse columnar structure; few fine distinct light olive brown mottles; few fine roots; occasional fine quartz gravel; gradual wavy boundary.

Very dark gray (2.5Y 3/0) very plastic silty clay; moderate medium-and_coarse columnar structure; few fine distinct ligfit Glive brown mottles; few fine roots; occasional fine quartz gravel; gradual wavy boundary.

Very dark gray (2.5Y 3/0) plastic sandy clay loam to sandy clay; moderate coarse columnar structure; mottled with light olive brown; faces of peds coated with sandier materials; root channels filled with sandier materials; few fine gravel; clear wavy boundary.

Greenish blue mottled with distinct yellowish brown (IOYR 5/8) slightly plastic and sticky sandy clay loam; massive structure; few fine quartz gravel; underlaid by shell marl.


Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base p Matter Manganese (Milli-eguivalents eer I 00 9rams of soi I) Saturation

(ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H Tota Ill (Percent)

3.2 2. 77 6.60 6.11 0. 35 0. 10 0.06 6.23 12.85 51. 52 2. I 1.93 I. 32 14.21 o.4o 0. 14 0.16 4.63 19.54 76.31

24.0 0.51 0.44 13.33 0.41 o. 17 0.22 2. 15 16.28 86. 79 4.6 0.50 0.88 15,93 0.50 o. 18 0.26 2.79 19.66 85.81 3.7 0.50 0.22 15.00 0.42 0. 17 0.18 2.29 18.06 87 .32

12.5 0.22 0.22 9.70 0.31 0.22 0. I 0 I. 57 11.90 86.81

Mechanical Anal:tsis Particle Size Distribution (In Millimeters) (Percent) Tex-

Hor- Very Coarse Coarse Medium . - Fine Very Fine Clay tura I Less Than .2 .02 .02 to .002 izon

Ap Bi B2J B22 B3 D

Hor-izon

Sand 2.0 to 1.0

0.6 0.9 o. l 0.5 1.6 3. I

1/10 Bar Core

25.0 25.3 23.3 22.2 23.3 20. l

Sand 1.0 to .5

3.5 1. 6 0.3 1. 3 5.0 8.1

Sand Sand Sand Si It . 5 to .25 • 25 to . I 0 .18 to .05 .05 to .002

4.5 7.9 3. I 62.4 1.6 4.7 I. 7 51. 6 0.3 0.9 0.7 60.3 1. 6 6.1 2.2 42.8 6.2 25.0 7.7 19.7 7.9 32.2 10.5 16.5

Moisture Retention, Bulk Densit:t and Percolation Rates Moisture Retention - Percentages

I /3 Bar Core

23.7 24. I 22.5 21.6 22.7 19.2

10

15 Bar Fragmented

7.0 13.4 14.3 14.3 11.6 8.8

.002 18.0 37.9 37.4 45.5 34.8 21. 7

Bulk Density

/cc.

I. 39 1.46 1. 57 I. 60 1. 58 1.69

to Class

29.8 39.6 s i I 17.3 38.8 sicl 19.8 41. 7 sic I 17 .2 31. 5 sic 27.7 14.1 scl/sc 35.3 9.8 sci

Jn-Place Percolation ((nches per hour)

36.67 0.20 0. 11 0.08

Ap 0-9''

B2 f 9-23"

B22 23-42"

c 42-93"

Hor- llH izon

Ap 5.32 B21 4.22 B22 4.05 c 3.90

CRAVEN SILT LOAM

Grayish brown (IOYR 5/2) friable silt loam; moderate medium granular structure; many fine roots; occasional fine roundish quartz gravel; clear smooth boundary.

Yellowish brown (lOYR 5/6) to light olive brown (2.5Y 5/6) firm clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; many fine roots; occasional fine roundish quartz gravel; patchy clay skins; infiltrations along root channels; gradual wavy boundary.

Light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) plastic clay; weak medium to coarse columnar structure; structural faces coated with sandy material In upper portion; mottled with strong brown and gray with small splotches of pale brown and yellow; mottles are many medium and distinct; occasional fine roots; occasional fine quartz gravel; clay skins distinct in lower portion; clear wavy bloundary.

Gray (lOYR 6/1) pery plastic clay; weak coarse columnar structure grading to massive in lower part; mottled with strong brown and dark gray; mottles are distinct many medium coarse and more common In upper portion; occasional fine roundish quartz gravel.


Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base p Matter Manganese (Hllll-eguivalents eer JOO grams of soil) Saturation

(ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H Total!/ (Percent)

56.3 2.31 0.44 3.78 0.41 0. 12 0.02 4.42 8.75 49.49 4.2 0.41 0. 11 2. I I 0.38 o. 17 0.05 10.29 13.00 20.85 4.2 0.25 0.22 0.91 0.98 0.26 0. o8 18.28 20.51 10.87 0.9 0.21 0. 11 0. 03 1. 19 0.50 0. 17 21. 05 22.94 8.24

Mechanical Analysis Particle Size Distribution ~In Millimeters) ~Percent} Tex-Hor- Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine Very Fi ite Clay tural lzon Sand Sand Sand Sand Sand S 11 t Less Than .2 to . 02 . 02 to .002 Class 2.0 to 1. O I .0 to .s .5 to.25 . 25 to . 1 O . 10 to . 05 .05 to .002 .002

Ap 0.3 2.8 2.3 5. 1 8.6 68.4 12.5 35.2 44.9 s 11 B21 o.8 2.9 2.3 5.6 11. 0 46.5 30.9 27.9 33.2 cl B22 1. 6 4.1 3. I 8. I 15.5 21. 9 45. 7 25.3 17.4 c c 0.4 I. 0 1.2 4.2 9.2 32.4 51. 6 18.8 25.0 c

Engineering Characteristics

Percentage Passing Sieve Size Percentage Smaller Than Hor- In Inches In Mi I l imeters In Millimeters :L. L.J./ izon :2. 0 :1. 5 I. 0: .75'..375 4.7 2.0: .42 :. 25 :.074 :.05Y . 02 :. 005 :.002: . 001

Ap 100 97 94 84 78 63 21 11 25 B2J 100 96 93 80 77 62 42 33 34 B22 100 94 90 72 69 62 50 44 53 c 100 99 98 91 88 77 60 51 59

: Maximum ?¥: Opt~'f': Classification P 1 !±!: Dens I t : H2 : · · : (Pounds per : (Per- Unified:A.A.S.H.O. Cubic Foot): cent)

NPf/ 108 15 ML A-4 (8) 13 110 16 CL A-6 (9) 26 101 21 MH-CH A-7-6(16) 32 98 22 CH A-7-6(20)

Moisture Retention; Bulk Density and Percolation Rates Moisture Retention - Percentages Bulk Hor- l/10 Bar I/~ Bar 15 Bar Density In-Place Percolation

izon Core Core Fragmented glee. (Inches per hour)

Ap 22.9 21. 2 4.4 1.48 2.43 Plow sole 20.6 19.3 9.5 1.64 0.07

B2f 25.0 23.8 13.9 1. 54 0.30 B22 27.3 26.4 15.6 1. 53 0.07 c 34.5 33.3 17.6 1.40

11

Bz

83

c

Hor-i zon

Ap B2 B3 c

Hor-izon

Ap B2 il~ c

Hor-izon

Ap B2 c

Hor-izon

0-9"

9-27''

27-35"

3 5-60"

pH

4.34 4.50 4.38 4.42

DRAGSTON FINE SANDY LOAM

Dark grayish brown {2.5Y 4/2) to grayish brown {2.5Y 5/2) very friable fine granular structure; plentiful fine roots; clear smooth boundary.

Light brownish gray {2.5Y 6/2) to light yellowish brown {2.5Y 6/4) friable fine sandy loam; many medium distinct mottles of strong brown and a few gray mottles which increase with depth; plentiful, medium and fine pores; few fine roots; gradual wavy boundary.

Gray (2.5Y 5/0) mottled with brownish yellow (IOYR 6/6) friable fine sandy loam; occasional fine roots; fradual Irregular boundary.

Light gray .(2.5Y 7/0) very friable loamy fine sand; many coarse distinct mottles of brownish yellow; gray portion grades to sand.


Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base p Matter Manganese {Mi lli-eguivalents E!er 100 grams of soi I) Saturation

{ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H Totall/ (Percent)

12.9 I. 72 0.22 0.33 0.07 0. 16 0.03 6.45 7. 04 8.38 6.9 0.22 0.22 0.38 0. 10 0. 10 0.03 5.85 6.46 9.44 4.6 0. 12 0.22 0.59 0. 13 0.07 0.02 4.23 5.04 16.07 2.8 0.01 0. 11 0.32 0. 16 0.08 0. 03 3. 06 3.65 16.16

Mechanical Analysis

Particle Size Distribution ~In Millimeters) ~Percent) Tex-Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine Very Fine Clay tural

2.0

:2. 0: I. 5

Sand Sand to 1. O 1.0 to . 5 0.8 2.3 I. I 2.6 2.0 3.3 0.8 1.4

Percentage Passing In Inches

I. 0: . 75:

I /10 Bar Core

15. I

16.7 18. l 14. l 14.8

.375 4.7

Sand Sand Sand Si It . 5 to .25 . 25 to . IO • I 0 to . 05 .05 to .002

2.8 43.5 7.2 33. I 3.0 47.8 7.0 22. I 3.5 60.4 8.6 10.9 I. 9 74.2 9.4 5. I

'

Engineering Characteristics Sieve Size Percentage Smaller Than :

In Mi 11 imeters In Mi 11 imeters \. L..:v 2.0= . 42 :.25 :.o74 :.05Y . 02 :.005 ;. 002 ~ .001

100 97 94 44 40 30 16 9 16 100 97 94 45 40 34 23 16 21 100 98 96 15 I 0 10 10 8 21

Moisture Retention, Bulk Density and Percolation Rates Moisture Retention Percentages

1 /3 Bar Core

13.6

15. 0 16.6 11.4 11. 9

12

15 Bar Fragmented

3.3

7.0 3.6 3.3 5.6

Less Than .2 to .02 .02 to . 002 Class .002 10.3 50.5 23.9 fsl 16.4 49.9 16.2 fsl 11. 3 58.3 8.2 fsl 7.2 72.8 3.6 Ifs

-

P.1.Y: Maxim~m)~Y:

Dens 1 t : Opt i~'f':

H2D"' : Classification : (Pounds per:

Np§./ 3 Np§./

Bulk Density

/cc.

1.65

I. 60 I. 56 I.68 I. 50

Cubic Foot! 116 121 104

{Per- Unifled:A.A.S.H.O . cent) 12 SM A-4 (2) 11 SM A-4 (2) 15 SM A-2-4 (0)


2. 13

I. 17 5.78 4.00

c

Hor-izon

AJ A2 B21 822 c

Hor-izon

Al A2 B2J B22 c

Hor-izon

At B21 B22 c

0-2"

2-811

8-16"

16-43"

43-62"

pH

3.78 4. 10 4. 18 4.26 4.06

ELKTON SILT LOAM

Thin scattering of partially decomposed forest debris; some fairly large spots covered with water loving grasses.

Very dark brown (IOYR 2/2) friable silt loam; moderate medium granular structure; many worm holes; matted with fine, medium and coarse roots; clear smooth boundary.

Gray (lOYR 5/1) friable silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; few medium distinct yellowish brown and olive yellow mottles; few fine and medium pores; plentiful fine and medium roots; gradual smooth boundary.

Gray (lOYR 5/1) plastic silty clay loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; many medium distinct yellowish brown mottles; few fine pores; few fine and medium roots; clear wavy boundary.

Dark gray (lOYR 4/1) plastic sandy clay loam; moderate coarse columnar structure; structural faces coated with sandier materials; few small quartz gravel; diffuse irregular boundary.

Mottled light brownish gray, gray, yellowish brown and dark gray; very plastic clay loam to sandy clay; few bluish green medium prominent mottles; pockets and root channels fi lied with sandier materials.


Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations p Matter Manganese (Mi I li-eguivalents E!er 100 grams of soi 1) Base

(ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H Tota ill Saturation Percent

2.8 10.79 o. 11 0.23 0.27 0.21 0.09 22.55 23. 35 3.43 7.7 1. 58 0.22 0. 12 o. 15 0. 10 0. 04 11.80 12. 21 3.36 1. 6 0.80 o. 11 0. 03 0.22 0. 12 ·0.05 l3 .20 13.62 3.D8 1.2 0.31 0. 11 0.03 0.38 o. l3 0.09 13 .43 14.06 4.48 1. 8 0.24 0. 1 l 0.00 0.99 0. 37 0.45 16.48 18.29 9.90

Mechanical Anal:tsis

Particle Size Distribution (In Millimeters) (Percent) Tex-Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine Very Fine Clay tural Sand Sand Sand Sand Sand S 11 t Less Than .2 to .02 . 02 to . 002 Class 2.0 to 1. 0 l .O to . 5 . 5 to .25 .25 to . 10 . 1 O to . 5 .05 to .002 .002 0.5 1.9 1. 0 5.6 6.9 67.7 16.4 33.4 45.9 si l 0.6 1.6 0.8 4.3 5.8 64.9 22.0 28.4 46.1 sl I 0.7 1.4 0.6 3.8 5. 1 60.4 28.0 26.9 42.0 sicl 4.4 6. 1 2.4 16.5 18.8 24.3 27.5 40.6 17.4 sci 1. 3 7. 1 11. 7 9.7 15. 1 18.5 36.6 23. I 13.9 cl /sc

Moisture Retention, Bulk Densit:t and Percolation Rates Moisture Retention - Percenta9es Bulk 1 /10 Bar l /'2_ Bar 15 Bar Density In-Place Percolation

Core Core Fragmented g/cc. (Inches per hour)

38.9 35.2 5.7 1. 24 3.33 28. 1 26.2 12. 1 1.47 0.83 20.5 19. 1 8.3 1. 63 0. 17 37,3 32.2 17.1 1. 39

13

Ao 2-011

A1 0-3"

A2 3-7"

B2 7-27"

FALLSINGTON FINE SANDY LOAM

Dark reddish brown partially decomposed forest litter.

Dark gray (lOYR 4/1) very friable fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; matted with roots; gradual wavy boundary.

Gray to grayish brown (IOYR 5/1 - 5/2) friable fine sandy loam; moderate medium and fine granular structure; few medium and fine pores; abundant large, medium and fine roots; gradual smooth boundary.

Gray (lOYR 5/1) friable fine sandy loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; many medium distinct mottles of yellowish brown and strong brown; few medium and fine pores and roots; gradual wavy boundary

B3 27-34" Gray (lOYR 5/1) friable heavy loamy fine sand; weak medium subangular blocky structure; many coarse distinct mottles of strong brown; few medium and fine roots; clear wavy boundary.

c 34-65'' Light gray (7.5YR 7/1) loose fine sand mottled with coarse brownish yellow.


Truog .~ Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base Hor- pH p Matter Manganese {Mi lli-eguivalents ~er 100 grams of soi 1} Saturation izon (ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H Total!/ (Percent)

Ao 3. 72 26.3 54.92 7.81 7.74 2.68 1. 15 0.35 72.38 84.30 14.14 AJ 3, 72 3.2 4.32 o. 11 0.09 0.18 0.09 0.02 10. 75 11. 13 3.41 A2 4.06 2.0 1.63 0. 11 0.04 0.07 0.05 o. 01 7.25 7.42 2.29 B2 4.10 1.4 0.24 o. 11 0.07 0.10 0.05 0.01 5,93 6.16 3,73 B3 4.20 1.8 0.20 0. 11 0.05 0.10 0.05 0.02 _5.31 5,53 'J.98 c 4.30 2.8 0.03 0.22 0.09 0.03 0.05 9.03 2.93 3. 13 6. 39

Mechanical Analysis Particle Size Distribution ~In Ml 1 limeters} ~Percent} Tex-Hor- Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine Very Fine Clay tural izon Sand Sand Sand Sand : Sand s i 1 t Less Than .2 to .02 . 02 to • 002 Class 2. 0 to 1. 0 1.0 to . 5 . 5 to .25 .25 to . 10 . l 0 to .65 . 05 to . 002 . 002

Al 0.7 2.8 4.0 •. 50.6 5. 1 28.5 8.3 44.6 20.8 fsl A2 0.7 2.9 3.7 50.3 5.0 28.5 8.9 45.2 20.9 fsl B2 1.4 3,8 4.6 55.6 5.6 17.4 11.6 46.3 12.4 fsl B3 2.3 3.7 4.9 63.5 6. 1 9,7 9.8 49.6 6.7 1 fs c 0.3 0.9 1.4 85.5 4.3 1.8 5.8 60.6 1. 0 fs

Engl neer i ng Characteristics Percentage Passing Sieve Size Percentage Smaller Than Maximum gly: Opt ~'f": Classification Hor- In Inches In Mi 11 imeters : In Millimeters :L. L.~/ p. I.!±/: Densit-r : H2 :

izon :2. 0: l. 5 1.0:. 75 :.375 4.7 2.0: .42 :.25 .014:.os'!:.I .02 :.005 : . 002: .001 : (Pounds per: (Per- : Unlfied:A.A.S.H.O. Cubic Foot} cent}:

A2 100 96 91 40 36 26 14 8 19 N~/ 117 12 SM A-4 ( 1) B2 100 95 89 32 29 25 18 11 16 N~/ 125 10 SM A-2-4 (0) c 100 98 96 10 10 9 8 6 21 N~/ 103 14 SP-SM A-3 (0)

Moisture Retention, Bulk Density and Percolation Rates Moisture Reten·tion - Percentages Bulk

Hor- 1/10 Bar I/~ Bar 15 Bar Density In-Place Percolation izon Core Core Fragmented g/cc. (Inches per hour)

Ai 24.0 23. l 3.5 1.29 22.00 B2 15.8 14.3 5.8 l. 67 l. 90 83 11. 5 9.9 3.5 l. 71 2.30 c 13. 5 11. 3 2.0 l. 59

14

BmJ

Bm2

c

Hor-izon

Ap A2 B1 B2 Bml Bm2 c

Hor-izon

Ap A2 BJ B2 BmJ Bm2 c

Hor-izon

0-5''

5-10"

10-14"

14-30''

30-45"

45-57"

57-72"

pH

4. 70 4.74 4.60 4.65 4.70 4.70 4.70

KEMPSVILLE FINE SANDY LOAM

Dark grayish brown (IOYR 4/2) friable loam to fine sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; abundant fine and medium roots; root channels filled with dark grayish organic material from above; clear smooth boundary.

Yellowish brown (IOYR 5/4) friable loam; moderate medium and fine granular structure; many fine and medium roots; gradual smooth boundary.

Yellowish brown (IOYR 5/6) friable loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; .few fine and medium roots; gradual wavy boundary.

Yellowish brown (IOYR 5/8) to strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) friable fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; few medium and fine pores; few medium and fine roots; gradual wavy boundary.

Yellowish brown (IOYR 5/8) to strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) friable fine sandy loam (slightly compact and brittle); weak thick platy structure; many fine distinct pale brown mottles; many fine and medium pores; clear irregular boundary.

Light yellowish brown (IOYR 6/4) friable fine sandy loam (slightly compact); moderate thick platy structure; few fine pores; appears very hard when digging but peds crush easily in fingers; ~lear smooth boundary.

Yellowish brown (IOYR 5/8) friable fine sandy loam; very weak medium subangular blocky structure; few medium distinct strong brown mottles.

Chemi ca I Characteristics

Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base p Hatter Manganese (Mllli-egulvalents eer 100 grams of soi I) Saturation

(ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H To tall/ (Percent) ·:

2.3 2.57 I. I 0 o. 32 0. II 0.08 0.03 7.28 7.82 6.91 1.4 0.70 I. 32 0. I 0 0.06 0.07 0.02 3.44• 3.69 6.78 I. 2 0. 31 0.44 0. II 0. 19 0. 11 0.01 3.98 4.40 9,55 1.8 0. 31 0.55 0.50 0.48 O. II 0.02 4.83 5.94 18.69 4.2 O. 11 . 0. 22 0. 17 0. 39 0.08 0.02 2.82 3.48 18.97 2.8 0.06 0.33 0.14 0.20 0.06 0.00 2.61 3. 01 13.29 1.4 0.00 0.22 0. 16 0.46 0. 13 o. 03 6.43 7. 21 10.82

Mechanical Analysis Particle Size Distribution r In Mi 11 imeters) (Perce~\.:

Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine Very Fine Clay Tex-to . 02 .02 .002 tura I

2.0 Sand to I. 0

0.4 0.5 0.3 0.5 1. I 2.2 I. 8

I /I 0 Bar Core

21. 9 16.4 18.6 12.5 9.4

16. 1

Sand 1.0 to . 5

7.8 7.7 7.2 7.8

12.6 12.6 12.0

Sand Sand Sand Si It .5 to .25 .25 to . ID . 10 to .05 .05 to .002

14.6 23.4 4.6 42.2 14.5 24.0 4.7 41. I 14.o 24.0 5.2 36. 1 14.2 25.7 5.5 29.8 20.7 34.2 6.7 15.6 20.6 32.9 6.4 16.7 22.2 36.7 5.9 3.4


I /3 Bar Core

18.3 14.6 17. 3 I 0. 9 8.8

14.8

15

15 Bar Fragmented

3.2 4.1 8. I 4.5 2. I 8.7

Less Than .002

7.0 7.5

13.2 16(5 9. I 8.6

18.0

Bulk Density g/cc.

1. 30 1.68 I. 65 I. 78 I. 97 1. 70

.2

28.9 28.5 27.9 25.9 28.2 24.3 22.7

to Class

27.5 I /fs I 27 .'Z I 23.2 I 19.5 fsl 8.3 fsl

11.8 fsl 1. 2 fsl


4.20 0.20 0.60 0.53

c

D

0-9"

9-26"

26-51"

51-75"

Hor- pH i zon

~~ 6.20 6.37

c 6.18 D 5.48

LAKELAND LOAMY FINE SAND

Grayish brown (lOYR 5/2) very friable loamy fine sand; weak fine granular structure; abundant fine and medium roots; abrupt smooth boundary. Light yellowish brown (lOYR 6/4) loose to very friable loamy fine sand; contains a few lenses of strong brown in lower 6 inch portion; very weak fine gr~nular.structure; few fine roots; gradual wavy boundary.

Very pale brown (lOYR 8/4) loose fine sand; thin irregular layers (ranging from 1/4 to 1 inch thick) of strong brown loamy fine sand; clear wavy boundary. Yellowish brown (lOYR 5/8) streaked with strong brown friable fine sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure.

Chemical Character I sties

Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base

(Milli-equivalents 100 grams of soi 1) p Matter Manganese

per Saturation To tall/ (ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H (Percent)

7.8 1.09 o. 11 I. 28 0.42 0.07 0.00 I. 96 3,73 47.45 2.8 0. 17 0.44 0.43 0.18 O.o4 0.00 0.70 I. 35 48.15 4.0 0.00 0.22 0.40 0. 10 0.03 0.02 0.58 1. 13 48.67 5,5 0. 13 0. 11 I. 71 0.84 0.16 0.02 2. 13 4.86 56.17

Mechanical Anal:z:sis Particle Size Distribution In Mi 11 lmeters Percent Tex-

Hor- Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine· Very Fine Clay s i 1 t Less Than .2 to .02 .02 to . 002 tural

izon Sand Sand Sand Sand Sand 2.0 to 1.0 I. 0 to .5 . 5 to .25 f .25to.10 . I 0 to . 05 .05 to .002 .002 Class

Ap o. 1 1. 6 21. 2 52.2 4.5 17.3 3.2 23.4 A2 0.1 1.4 20.9

10.7 1 fs 52.9 3,7 17.7 3.3 21.6

c 0.1 1.6 26.3 65.4 11.9 lfs

2.7 1. 9 2. I 19.6 I. 0 fs 0 o.6 1.8 16.2 43.5 17.8 6.5 13.6 40.3 3.8 fsl

Moisture Retention 1 Bulk Oensit:t: and Percolation Rates Moisture Retention - Percentages

Hor- I /10 Bar I /3 Bar 15 Bar Bulk lzon

In-Place Percolation Core Core

Density (Inches per hour) Fragmented g/cc.

Ap 11.4 8.6 1.9 1. 29 15.67 Az 71 9.1 7,3 1.2 I. 56 C·a 9.6 8.5

I 0. 71 c _I 7.5

2.8 I. 58 5.45 6.5 1.6 1.44 17.50

0 16.4 14.5 6.3 I. 62 5,33

16

Ap 0-7''

B21 7-16"

B22 16-3611

c 36-72"

Hor- pH izon

Ap 4.90 B21 4.40 B22 4.22 c 4.02

LENOIR SILT LOAM

Grayish brown (2.5Y 5/2) friable silt loam; moderate medium and fine granular structure; few fine faint mottles of brown and yellowish brown; fine and medium roots; occasional small roundish quattz gravel; abrupt smooth boundary.

Light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) friable silt loam (slightly plastic when wet), moderate medium subangular blocky structure; mottles of brownish yellow, gray and strong brown increase with depth; few fine roots; occasional small roundish quartz gravel; gradual wavy boundary.

Gray (2.5Y 5/0)plastic clay loam; moderate coarse columnar to prismatic structure; structural faces coated with sandier material; mottled with strong brown; few fine roots; occasional small quartz gravel; gradual wavy boundary.

Light olive gray (SY 6/2) very plastic clay; massive structure; few medium distinct mottles of strong brown; contains pockets filled with gray coarser textured material.


Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base (Mi Iii-equivalents per 100 grams of soi 1) p Matter Manganese Saturation (ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H Total!/ (Percent)

8.3 1.86 1. 32 2. 19 0.41 o. 12 0.05 4.65 7.42 37.33 1. I 0.32 0.22 1.82 o.47 o. 12 0.07 7.87 I 0. 35 23.96 0.9 0.21 0.44 0.66 1. 01 0. 25 0. 16 16.27 18.35 11. 34 0.5 o. 18 0.22 0.08 2. 18 0.58 0.51 22.93 26.28 12.75

Mechanical Anal~sls Particle Size Distribution ( In Mi 11 i mete rs) (Percent) Tex-Hor- Very Coarse Coarse Hedi um Fine Very Fine Clay tural lzon Sand Sand Sand Sand Sand Si 1 t Less Than • 2 to . 02 .2 to .002 Class 2.0 to I. 0 1.0 to ,5 . 5 to .25 . 25 to • 1 O . 1 O to . 05 .05 to .002 .002

Ap 0.7 2.9 2.5 3.8 6. 1 73. I 10.9 33.2 48.0 s i I B2J 1. 3 3,0 2.6 3.9 6.3 57.8 25. 1 25.9 40.3 s i 1 B22 2.2 7.5 5.6 8.9 16.0 22.0 37.8 26.5 16.4 cl c I. 2 2.3 1.6 3.4 6.9 31. 5 53. 1 15.0 25.4 c

Engl neer Ing Characteristics

Percentage Passing Sieve Size : Percentage Smaller Than Maxim~m ).~y: Opti~'f1: Classification Hor- In Inches In Hi 11 imeters In Hi I I imeters '.L.L,.;i/ p. J. .1±1: Dens1t : H20"- : i zon :2. 0: 1. 5: 1. 0: .15:.315 : 4. 7 2. 0: .42 : .25: .o74 :.05Y . 02 :. 005 :. 002: . 001 (Pounds per: (Per- Unifled:A.A.S.H.O. : Cubic Foot) : cent)

Ap 100 99 96 90 82 54 19 8 25 1 106 16 ML A-4 (8) B2J 100 99 94 91 83 80 64 35 25 29 7 116 14 HL-CL A-4 (8) B22 I 00 98 88 81 64 59 52 41 35 40 17 113 16 CL A-6 (9) c 100 98 97 92 89 80 62 52 60 30 98 23 MH-CH A-7-5 (20)

Moisture Retention, Bulk Dens it~ and Percolation Rates Moisture Retention - Percentages Bulk Hor- l/IOBar II~ Bar 15 Bar In-Place Percolation

izon Density (Inches per hour) Core Core Fragmented g/cc.

Ap 26.9 23.6 3.5 1.43 2.70 B21 21.4 20.3 8.6 1.62 0.09 B22 22.5 21. 5 I I. 7 I .62 0.07 c 38.6 37,3 19.6 1. 33

17

MATAPEAKE SILT LOAM

Ap 0-9'' Brown to dark brown (7.5YR 4/4) friable silt loam; moderate fine granular structure; many worm holes; many fine roots; few fine roundish quartz gravel; clear smooth boundary.

c

9-32" Strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) friable light loam (slightly sticky when wet); moderate medium subangular blocky structure; plentiful medium and fine pores; many fine roots; few fine roundish quartz gravel; clay skins thin and patchy; gradual wavy boundary.

32-40" Strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) friable sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; plentiful medium and fine pores; few fine roots; few fine roundish quartz gravel; gradual wavy boundary.

40-6611 Strong brown Q.5YR 5/6) very friable coarse sand to loamy coarse sand; weak fine crumb to structureless; occasional fine roots; many small roundish quartz gravel (approx. lO"k); gradual wavy boundary.

Hor-izon

Ap B2 B3 c

Hor-izon

Ap B2 B3 c

Hor-izon

Ap B2 c

Hor-izon

Truog Organic pH p Matter

(ppm.) (Percent)

6.05 42.0 I. 68 6.26 2.8 0.32 6.12 7.1 0.11 6.15 }3.4 0.·11

Very Coarse Coarse Sand Sand

2.0 to 1.0 I. 0 to .5 .5 2.2 8.5 I. 2 8.3 I. 9 15.3

10.3 27.7


Exchangeable Exchangeable Manganese (~illi-eguivalents eer

(ppm.) Ca Mg K

7.48 3.90 0.43 0.23 0.55 4.77 0.24 o. 13 o.88 3.46 0.16 0.09 0.44 2.25 o. 12 0.07

Mechanical Analysis Particle Size Distribution (In Millimeters) (Percent)

Medi um Sand to .25

11. 5 12.0 23. I 30.7

Fine Very Fine Sand Sand

.25 to .JO .JO to .05 9.9

10.0 19.9 19.4

0.9 0.8 I. I 0.4

Engineering Characteristics

Si It .05 to . 002

54.4 47. 1 24.9 4.6

Percentage Passing Sieve Size Percentage Smaller Than : In Inches In Millimeters

2.0: I. 5: I. 0: .75'..375 : ,. . 7 2.0: .42 :.25 In Millimeters :L. L.J/

. 074 : . 05'1/ .02 :. 005 :. 002: .001

JOO 90 76 68 62 41 15 8 23 100 92 78 69 63 47 27 20 28

100 98 90 58 28 14 12 8 5 5 15

Cations Base I 00 grams of soi I) Saturat I on Na H Tota Ill (Percent)

0.04 3. 16 7.76 59.28 0.07 2.84 8.05 64. 72 0.05 2. 12 5.88 63.95 0.04 J.64 4. 12 60. 19

Clay Tex-=:: tural Less Than .2 to .02 .02 to .002 : CI ass .002

12.6 24.6 32.4 s i I 20.6 21. 3 28.4 1 }3.8 14.3 15. 3 sl 6.9 4.2 3.2 cos/Jcos

: Maxim~m )~y: Opt i~'f": Classification p I !!_/: Dens 1 t : H20"' :

· · :(Pounds per : (Per- Unified:A.A.S.H.O. :Cubic Foot) cent)

3 115 13 ML A-4 (7) 8 118 14 CL A-4 (7) NPY 123 11 SM A-2-4 (0)

Moisture Retention, Bulk Density and Percolation Rates

1 /IQ

Core

20.6 19.0 12.1 1o.7

Bar Moisture Retention - Percentages

1 /3 Bar Core

18.1 17.1 i0.4 8.6

18

15 Bar Fragmented

4.2 7.0 5.2 4.7

Bulk Density

glee.

J.46 1.49 I. 65 I. 71


I. 37 12.30

1.43

Ai

A2

B2

B3

c

0-2"

2-611

6-27"

27-35"

35-55"

Hor- pH izon

AJ 4.05 A2 4. 15 B2 4.40 B3 4.80 c 4.82

OTHELLO SILT LOAM

Very dark grayish brown (lOYR 3/2) friable si It loam; moderate medium and fine granular structure; many worm holes; abundant fine medium and large roots; clear smooth boundary.

Gray (lOYR 5/1) friable silt loam; moderate medium granular to weak moderate subangular blocky structure; many medium distinct yellowish brown and strong brown mottles; plentiful fine and medium roots; gradual smooth boundary.

Gray (10YR 6/1) to gray (IOYR 5/1) slightly plastic to plastic silt loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; many medium and coarse distinct yellowish brown and strong brown mottles; few fine and medium pores; plentiful fine and medium roots; gradual wavy boundary.

Gray (10YR 5/1) friable light fine sandy loam; weak, medium subangular blocky structure; few medium distinct yellowish brown mottles; occasional fine quartz gravel; clear wavy boundary.

Light brownish gray (IOYR 6/2) loose fine sand; streaks and pockets of white and dark grayish brown loamy sand.


Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base p Matter Manganese (Mi lli-eguivalents ~er 100 grams of soi I) Saturation

(ppm. ) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H Total!/ (Percent)

9.7 9. 38 0.66 0.80 0.78 o. 19 0. 13 18.68 20.58 9.23 3.7 2.97 0.22 0.25 0.33 0. 13 0. 11 12.00 .12.82 6.40 1.4 0.29 0. 77 0.59 1.21 0.09 0.24 9.55 11.68 18.24 1. 7 0. 17 0.22 0.06 1. 10 0.05 0.24 6.44 7.89 18.88 1.8 o. 10 0.11 0~11 0. 11 0.02 o. 04 1. 36 1.64 17.07

Mechanical Anal:i:sis Particle Size Distribution (In Millimeters) (Percent)

Hor- Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine Tex-Very Fine Clay tural izon

Al A2 B2 B3 c

Hor-izon

A2 B2 c

Hor-izon

A2 B2 B3 c

:2. 0:

Sand Sand 2.0 to to 1. 0 to . 5

o. 1 0.8 0. 1 0.5 0.1 0.4 0.4 2.0 0.4 3.5

Percenta9e Passing In

1. 5:

Inches 1.0:.75 : . 375

1/lOBar Core

35.0 25.7 12.9 5.3

4.7

Sand Sand Sand s i 1 t . 5 to .25 .25 to . 10 . 10 to . 05 .05 to .002

4.3 7.7 1. 7 71. 5 3.8 7. 1 I. 2 67.4 3.2 7.3 0.9 67.3

20.2 38. 1 1. 3 25.3 31. 2 52.4 1. 3 8.2

En9ineerin9 Characteristics Sieve Size Percentage Smaller Than

In Millimeters In Millimeters '.L. L.1/ 2. 0: .42 :.25 :. 074 :.o5Y .02 :. 005 : . 002: . 001

100 98 93 86 77 52 23 14 30 100 99 97 93 87 65 35 25 32 100 98 64 13 11 10 7 3 14


1 /3 Bar Core

30.2 24.4 11.9 3.6

19

15 Bar Fragmented

6.4 12.4 4.3 0.5

Less Than . 2 to . 02 .02 to . 002 Class . 002 14. 0 32.0 42. I s i 1 20.0 29.3 40.0 s i 1 20.8 35.4 33.5 s i I 12. 7 14.2 15.4 fsl 3.0 7.5 5.6 fs

: Maximum g;y: !±_/: Dens i ty- :

Opti~'f": H2QL : Classification

P. I. : (Pounds Cubic

3 9 NP§/

Bulk Density glee.

1.24 1. 51 1.81 I. 56

106 112 111

per Foot) :

(Per- : Unified:A.A.S.H.O. cent)

17 ML A-4 (8) 16 ML-CL A-4 (8) 10 SM A-2-4 (0)


15.67 0.37 0.20 3. 16

Hor-izon

Ap A3 B2 B3 c

Hor-izon

Ap A3 B2 B3 c

Hor-izon

----

0-1 (J'

10-16"

16-22"

22-29"

29-75"

pH

5.30 5.42 5,85 5,85 5.80

RUMFORD LOAMY SAND

Brown (lOYR 5/3) very friable loamy sand; weak fine granular structure; plentiful fine and medium roots; clear smooth boundary.

Light Yellowish brown (lOYR 6/4) to brownish yellow (lOYR 6/6) very friable sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; few fine and medium roots; gradual smooth boundary.

Strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) to yellowish red (5YR 5/6) friable sandy loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; few fine pores; few fine roots; gradual irregular boundary.

Strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) very friable loamy sand; weak fine granular structure; few fine roots; gradual wavy boundary.

Reddish yellow (7.5YR 7/8) loose sand; occasional fine roots.


Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchange ab 1 e Cations Base p Matter Manganese (Milli-eguivalents ~er 100 grams of soi 1) Saturation

(ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H To tall/ (Percent)

8.8 0.68 1. 98 0.63 0.03 0.06 0.02 2.32 3.06 24. 18 0.9 0.18 0.44 0.54 0.05 0. 10 0.00 1. 26 1. 95 35.38 2.8 0.25 0.44 2. 38 0.21 0. 13 0.02 2.52 5.26 52. 09 4.2 0. 17 0.22 1.82 0. 13 0.06 0.01 1. 79 3.81 53. 02 3.9 0.08 0.55 0.44 o. 11 0. 03 0.00 0.21 0.79 73.42

Mechanical Anal:tsis Particle Size Distribution (In Mi 11 imeters~ (Percent)

Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine Very Fine Clay Tex-tural Sand Sand Sand Sand Sand s i 1 t Less Than . 2 to .02 . 02 to .002

2.0 to 1.0 1. O to . 5 .s to .25 . 25 to . 1 O . 1 O to . 05 .OS to . 002 .002 Class

0.5 13.8 28.4 35.6 3.7 15.0 3.0 18.6 9.0 ls 1. 1 17.6 25.5 26.3 2.5 20. 1 6.9 15.3 13.7 s 1 2.2 22.4 26.3 22.6 1.8 10.4 14.3 10.5 7.0 s 1 1. 1 21. 2 31. 0 29.2 2.2 6.4 8.9 11. 1 4.4 1 s 0.9 21. 9 36.6 33. 1 1. 9 1.9 3.7 9.5 1.4 s

Moisture Retention, Bulk Densit:t and Percolation Rates Moisture Retention Percentages Bulk 1/10 Bar 1 /'J. Bar 15 Bar In-Place Percolation Density (Inches per hour) Core Core Fragmented glee.

----Ap 8.8 7.6 1.4 1. 52 8.57 A3 8.9 7.8 1. 9 1. 79 3.46 B2 12. 1 11. 5 6.3 1. 57 26.67 B3 7.6 6.8 4.0 1. 52 36.67 c 3,5 2.9 1.2 1.44

20

c

0-1 C1'

I0-14"

14-33"

33-42"

42-66"

Hor- pH izon

Ap 5.60 B1 5,95 B2 5.60 B3 4.90 c 4.92

SASSAFRJ!, ~ ;ND't LOAM

Brown to dark brown (7.5YR 4/4); friable to very friable sandy loam; weak fine granular structure; numerous fine roots; clear smooth boundary.

Strong brown (7.5YR 5/6); friable loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; many fine roots; dark colored infiltrations along root channels; clear wavy boundary.

Strong brown (7.5YR 5/6) friable loam; moderate medium subangular blocky structure; few fine pores; few fine roots; clear wavy boundary.

Strong brown (7.5YR 5/8) very friable fine sandy loam; weak fine and medium subangular blocky structure; occasional fine roots; gradual wavy boundary.

Brownish yellow (lOYR 6/8) loose fine sand streaked with white and strong brown.


Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base p Matter Manganese (Milli-eguivalents Eer 100 grams of soi 1} Saturation

(ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H Totall/ (Percent)

12.5 I. 11 3.52 1.40 0.33 0.11 0.01 a.86 4.71 39.28 J.8 0.45 1. 54 I. 59 0.64 o. 13 0.01 2.47 4.84 48.97 1. 7 0.26 1. 10 3,05 0.79 o. 10 0.04 3.60 7.58 52.51 6.2 0.09 2.20 0.96 0. 79 0.08 0.01 3.30 5. 14 35.80 6.9 0.09 0.33 0. 12 0. 12 0. 03 0. 02 0.92 I. 21 23.97

Mechanical Analysis Particle Size Distribution (In Millimeters} (Percent} Tex-Hor- Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine Very Fine. Clay tural izon

A B~ Bz B3 c

Hor-izon

Ap B2 c

Hor-izon

:2. 0:

Sand Sand 2. 0 to 1. 0 1. 0 to . 5

I. 3 11. 5 0.6 8.0 1. 0 8.6 1. 0 12. 1 0.8 11. 0

Percentage Passing In

I. 5:

Inches 1. 0: . 75: .375'. 4.7

1/10 Bar Core

14.9 17.0 19.3 13. 2 6.3

Sand Sand Sand s i 1 t .5 to .25 . 25 to . 10 . 10 to . 05 . 05 to . 002

20. 1 26.0 1.6 31. 8 14. 7 20.6 I. 5 39,8 15.6 21. 1 1.4 33. 1 25.5 33,8 I. 9 13. 1 29.2 51. 5 2.8 1.4

Engineering Characteristics Sieve Size : Percentage Smaller Than

In Mi 11 imeters : In Millimeters '.L. L)/ 2.0= . 42 :.25 :. 074 ~.0511 . 02 :.005 :.002 :.001

100 89 67 42 39 28 10 6 16 100 91 71 50 48 38 25 18 25 100 89 57 6 5 5 4 3 11


1 /3 Bar Core

11. 7 15.0 17.6 11. 5 4.9

21

15 Bar Fragmented

2.6 5,5 7.3 5,3 2.0

Less Than .2 to . 02 . 02 to . 002 Class . 002 7.7 19.4 20.7 sl

14.8 20. 1 27.3 I 19.2 17. 1 23.5 I '2.6 15.9 8.8 fsl 3. 3 18.8 I. 0 fs

: Maximum g~y: ~/: Density- :

Opti~r': Hz&<- : Classification

P. I. : (Pounds per Cubic

N~/ 7 N~/

Bulk Density .g/cc.

I. 55 I. 61 I. 58 I. 70 I. 56

123 124 106

Foot} : (Per- Unified:A.A.S.H.0 . cent)

10 SM A-4 12 SM-SC A-4 12 SP-SM A-3


I. 13 I. 57 5. 10 4.91

30.00

( 1) (3) ( 0)

Layer 1 o-6"

2 6-12"

3 12-1811

4 18-24"

5 24-3 ()'I

6 30-36"

7 36-4211

Hor- pH izon

Layer 1 4.40 2 4.32 3 4.28 4 4.00 5 4.02 6 3.82 7 3,80

TIDAL HARSH HIGH

Very dark gray (lOYR 3/1) friable silt loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; many large distinct gray brown mottles; matted with fine and medium roots.

Mottled gray, brownish yellow and strong brown friable silt loam; massive structure; many fine and medium roots.

Gray to light gray slightly plastic loam; massive structure; many medium and large prominent brownish yellow and strong brown mottles; many fine roots and root channels; few roundish and angular quartz gravel.

Mottled gray, dark grayish brown and yellowish brown slightly plastic heavy loam; few fine roots; few quartz gravel.

Light gray to gray slightly plastic heavy sandy clay loam; massive structure; many medium distinct light olive brown and dark gray mottles; pockets and streaks of sandier materials.

Light gray to gray plastic clay with thin streaks of sandy material; massive structure; many medium and large prominent strong brown mottles.

Light gray to gray and strong brown plastic clay; massive structure; few fine quartz gravel.

Chemical Characte~istics

Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base p Hatter Manganese {Milli-Eguivalents eer 100 grams of soi 1} Saturation

(ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H TotalJ_/ (Percent)

4.6 2.55 0.33 0.44 3.00 0.40 6:98 6.20 17.02 63,57 9.2 0. 77 0.33 0.57 2.80 0.50 5.98 6.75 16.60 59,34

11. 5 0.57 0.11 0.56 3.00 0.40 5.48 8.29 17.73 53.24 7.8 0.21 o:. 55 0.40 2.70 0.39 5.48 6.98 15.95 56.24 s. 1 0.14 0.11 0.36 1. 74 0.28 3,98 7.87 14.23 44.69 1.4 0.24 0.55 0.59 4.30 a.so 4.98 16.28 26.65 38.91 1.4 0.28 0.33 0.63 4. 10 0.48 3.98 lT.9& 27. 15 33.85

Mechanical Analysis Particle Size Distribution In Millimeters Percent

Hor- Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine Very Fine Clay lex-izon Sand Sand Sand Sand Sand Si It Less Than .2 to . 02 :02 to . 002 tural

2. 0 to I. 0 1. O to .s .5 to .25 . 25 to . I 0 . 10 to . 05 .05 to .002 . 002 Class Layer

I 0.8 2.8 4.6 14.1 2. 1 63.2 12.4 27.9 42.3 s ii 2 0.5 2.3 4.0 14.5 2.0 55,9 20.8 26.0 37. I si I 3 2. 1 3.6 5.4 21.4 2.8 40.5 24.2 24.4 26.6 I 4 2.5 4.5 7.2 30,9 3,6 30.6 20.7 25.0 20.1 I 5 2.2 4.7 8.5 40. 7 3,9 17.5 22.5 24.0 11.6 sci 6 0.4 1. 6 2.4 IO. 3 5.4 31.4 48.s 20.6 20.8 c 7 0.7 2.0 1. 6 11. 0 I. 2 34.4 49. l 14.2 21. 5 c

22

B2

c

Hor-izon

AP BJ B2 B3 c

WOODSTOWN FINE SANDY LOAM

0-10' ·Brown to dark brown (lOYR 5/3 - 4/3) friable to very friable fine sandy loam; weak medium and fine granular structure; many fine roots; clear smooth boundary.

10-16" Light yellowish brown (lOYR 6/4) friable loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; many fine pores; many fine roots; many root channels and worm holes fi lied with surface soil material; gradual wavy boundary.

16-29" Light yellowish brown (2.5Y 6/4) friable loam; weak medium subangular blocky structure; few fine faint grayish mottles in lower portion; many fine pores; few fine roots; clear smooth boundary.

29-34" Light olive brown (2.5Y 5/4) very friable fine sandy loam slightly compacted but brittle; few medium and distinct mottles of gray and strong brown; few fine pores; gradual wavy boundary.

34-78" Light gray (2.5Y 7/2) loose fine sand; with pockets of light brownish gray loamy fine sand; few fine roundish quartz gravel; pieces of ferruginous sandstone at a depth of about 78 inches below which is a gray silty clay.


Truog Organic Exchangeable Exchangeable Cations Base pH p Matter Manganese (Mi lli-eguivalents eer 100 grams of soi 1) Saturation

(ppm.) (Percent) (ppm.) Ca Mg K Na H Totallf (Percent)

5.24 61.8 2. 19 3.52 1. 38 0.19 o. 19 0.02 6.99 8. 77 20. 30 4.78 9.4 0.48 1. 54 0.41 o. 19 0. 10 0.02 3.42 4.14 17.39 4.50 6.9 0.14 0.44 0.93 0.23 0. 10 0.03 4.25 5.54 23.29 4.58 5, 1 0.10 0. 11 0.61 0. 14 0.06 0.02 2.75 3,58 23. 18 4.90 5,5 0. 10 0.66 0.64 0.23 0.06 0.05 1. 29 2.27 43. 17

Me,.chanical Analysis Particle Size Distribution (In Mi 11 imeters) (Percent) Tex-Hor- Very Coarse Coarse Medium Fine Very Fine Clay tural izon

Ap BJ B2 B3 c

Hor-izon

Ap B2 c

Hor-izon

Sand Sand 2. 0 to 1. 0 1. 0 to . 5

0.5 3,3 0.4 2.9 0.4 3.0 0.6 4.8 1. 3 4.7

Percentage Passing In

:2. 0: I. 5: Inches 1. 0: .75'..375

1/IOBar Core

19.6 16.6 16.6 11.4

4.7

Sand Sand Sand s i 1 t . 5 to .25 .25 to . 10 . 10 to .05 .05 to . 002

8.3 40.0 2.7 37.8 7.0 33.4 1. 9 43.2 7.2 36.8 2.0 36.9 9,9 53.2 2.4 20.5

1o.5 69.5 2. 1 6.2

Engineering Characteristics Sieve Size Percentage Smaller Than

In Millimeters In Millimeters L. L.}./: 2.0: .42 .25:.074 :.05Y . 02 :.005 :. 002: .001

100 97 87 49 46 32 14 9 15 I 00 97 87 52 50 37 18 12 16 JOO 94 81 13 11 8 4 3 14


1 /3 Bar Core

15. 5 15. 0 14.3 9.6

?1

15 Bar Fragmented

3. I 3.2 4.9 2.3

Less Than . 2 to . 02 . 02 to .002 Class .002

7.4 28.8 11. 2 25.6 ! 3. 7 25.3 8.6 22.7 5.7 17.3

: Maximum g~y: !±!: Density- : P. I. : (Pounds per

Cubic Foot): NP§_/ NP§_/ NP§_/

Bulk Density glee.

1. 38 1 .63 1.60 1.68

114 125 111

23.0 fsl 28.7 I 24. 1 I 14.5 fsl 4.5 fs /1 fs

Opti~ri: H2QL : CI ass i fl cation

(Per- Unified:A.A.S.H.O . cent) 12 SM A-4 (3) JO ML A-4 (3) 12 SM A-2-4(0)


7.40 4.91 1.64 5.00

•

1/ 21 ~~ 51 61 71 ~/

Sunmatlon of exchangeable cations. Used No. 270 sieve and 1-mlnute hydrometer reading. LlqulQ limit. Plasticity Index. Compaction on material passing No. 4 sieve (A.A.S.H.O. Designation: T 99). Non plastic. These core samples contained the loamy fine sand lenses. See profile description. These core samples were of the loose fine sand. See profile description .

chemical and physical properties .of soils in ...station and the soil conservation ser-vice...

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