Chemical Hazards in the

Textile and Garment Industry

Practical Solutions for avoiding injuries and

occupational diseases

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Introduction

How dangerous substances effect the human bodies

Routes of exposure and the hierarchy of safety measures

Examples of “unacceptable” and “acceptable” situations

Fig. 1 by F. Kraugmann

Hazards caused by dangerous substances

Chemical burn of hands

� Pouring the rest liquid formic acid into

a full container

� A heavy chemical reaction happened

� Worker burned his hands and arms

badly

� Did not wear gloves but safety goggles

� Accidently the worker took a wrong

container full of chlorine bleach

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Fig. 2 by BG ETEM

Fig. 3 by BG ETEM

Ingestion

powder, liquids

Cutaneous absorption

gases, liquids

Inhalation

gases, vapours, dust,

aerosols

Hazards caused by dangerous substances

Routes of exposure

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Fig. 4 by Napo [3]

Fig. 5 by Napo [3]

Fig. 7 by Napo [3]Fig. 6 by F. Kraugmann

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Examples of hazardous substances in the Textile Industry

Principles

Fig. 8 by IVSS [1] Fig. 9 by F. Kraugmann

Principles

Hierarchy and principles of protective measures

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Fig. 10 by IVSS [1]

Fig. 11 by IVSS [1]

Principles

Operating instructions

� Designation of the hazardous

substance

� Hazards to human beings and to the

� Environment

� Information on protective measures and

rules of behaviour

� Behaviour in case of danger

� First aid

� Correct disposal

14.02.2017Chemical Hazards, Dipl.-Ing. Florian Kraugmann Seite 7

Fig. 12 by BG ETEM]

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Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions

Fig. 13 by F. Kraugmann

Fig. 14 by F. Kraugmann

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Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions

Fig. 15 by F. Kraugmann Fig. 16 by F. Kraugmann

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Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions

Fig. 17 by F. Kraugmann Fig. 18 by BG ETEM

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Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions

Fig. 19 by IVSS [1]

Fig. 20 by IVSS [1]

Fig. 21 by IVSS [1]

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Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions

Fig. 22 by F. Kraugmann Fig. 23 by BG ETEM

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Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions

Fig. 24 by F. Kraugmann

Fig. 25 by F. Kraugmann

Fig. 26 by F. Kraugmann

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Examples for “unacceptable” and “acceptable” conditions

Fig. 27 by F. Kraugmann

Fig. 28 by F. Kraugmann

Summary

Basic principles for safe use of dangerous substances:

1. Elimination or reduction of danger by using non hazardous

substances

2. Isolation of danger by the selection of a low emission working

process

3. Extraction of the released hazardous substances at the

occurrence or leak source

4. Local exhaust ventilation measures in addition to extraction at

the source of generation

5. Personal Protective equipment.

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14.02.2017Chemical Hazards, Dipl.-Ing. Florian Kraugmann Seite 16

Further information

www.bgetem.de

www.gestis.trust.de

www.baua.de

www.hse.uk

www.napo.org

List of references

Chemical Hazards, Dipl.-Ing. Florian Kraugmann 14.02.2017 Seite 17

list of references:

[1] 3 Chemical hazards - Guide of Risk Assessment in Small and Medium

Enterprises (issa), Austria 2012

[2] Training data and information (BG ETEM)

[3] Pictures, Napo is co-produced by a European Consortium: