By Tenzin Liddy-Corlett

Elements and Atoms

What is an Element? An Element is a type of substance that is made from only one type of Atom.

E.g. The Element hydrogen is made up of atoms that have one single proton and one single electron.

If you change the number of protons an atom has, you are changing the type of element it is.

Scientists know that there are up to 118 different types of elements, but 9 are unnamed and there could be more to discover.

The Element Gold.

Periodic TableThe Periodic Table is used to show all the different types of atoms. It has all of the different types of Elements from the well-known elements Gold, Silver and Copper to some of the elements that you can only see for a few seconds in meitnerium, darmstadtium and ununquadium.

What is an Atom?

An Atom is the basic elements of anything.

Atoms consist of one proton, one electron and one neutron

An Atom is the smallest substance that an element can be divided into

The Atoms of a Crystal

Metals andNon-metals

Metals

Metals are the densest of all elements They are solid at room temperature Metals are a good source of energy and

heat Metals can be shaped into different

shapes and sizes which is why they are used in a lot of everyday products

Most elements are metals

Non-metals

Non-metals are poor conductors of energy and heat

Even though they are a solid, they are brittle

You can’t change their shapes and sizes They can be a solid, liquid or gas

Compounds

What are Compounds?

Compounds contain two or more different elements combined in a chemical form to make a pure chemical substance

The simplest form of a compound is a molecule

Compounds can be held together by covalent bonds or ionic bonds or metallic bonds

Chemical Reactions

What are Chemical Reactions Chemical Reactions happen when

two or more molecules interact and something happens

A chemical change must happen You must start with one molecule

and change it into another

Examples of Chemical Reactions

When Hydrogen combines with oxygen they create water (H2O)

A steel garbage can rusting. The rusting happens because the iron comes into contact with oxygen and a reaction occurs

Things that can effect Reaction Rates

Temperature Concentrations of reactants Catalysts Surface area of a solid reactant Pressure of gaseous reactants or

products