chemical signals 1 biol 1407. chemical signals cells use chemicals to communicate with other cells ...
TRANSCRIPT
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Chemical Signals 1
BIOL 1407
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Chemical Signals
• Cells use chemicals to communicate with other cells
• http://www.livevideo.com/video/9DF33CE7B1014B55BEF2322395D72133/neutrophil-chemotaxis.aspx
• Photo Credit of Neutrophil engulfing anthrax bacteria: Tim Vickers, 2007, Wikimedia Commons
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Chemical Signaling: Direct Contact
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Chemical Signaling: Short-Distance
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Chemical Signaling:
Long-Distance
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Chemical Signaling Between Individuals
• Pheromones• Video of Orchid Wasp
Mimic: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-h8I3cqpgnA
• Photo credit for Spined Soldier Bug eating Mexican Bean Beetle larvae: USDA, 2006, Wikimedia Commons
• Article on Spined Soldier Bug and his pheromones: http://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/01/news/cuttings-the-enemy-s-enemy-is-the-soldier-bug.html?partner=rssnyt&emc=rss&pagewanted=all
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Signal Transduction Pathways
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Receptors
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Target Cells: Have
Receptors for Signal
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Target Cells and Specificity
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Types of Hormones
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Transport and
Receptor Location
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Water-Soluble
Hormones
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G Proteins
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Second Messengers
• cAMP• cGMP
• IP3 and DAG• Calcium• Calmodulin
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Lipid-Soluble
Hormones
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Steroid Hormones
• Brassinosteroids in plants
• Steroid hormones in animals– Synthesized from Cholesterol– Testosterone, Progesterone, Estrogens– Cortisol and Aldosterone from adrenal cortex
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Seed Dormancy and Germination
• ABA – High levels inhibit
germination = promotes dormancy
• Gibberellins– High levels promote
seed germination
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Al-your-own skew-Tell-um
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Trigger for Desert Seed Germination: Rain
Photo Credit for Storm Over Western Ghats: PlaneMad, 2006, Wikimedia Commons
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Desert Seed Germination
• Attenborough Video:– http://www.you
tube.com/watch?v=z1IBnHIOFxs
– Photo Credit for South Africa Desert in Bloom: Winfried Bruenicen, 2001, Wikimedia Commons
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Volatile Chemicals
• Jasmonic Acid and Plant Volatiles
• Dodder plant seeks close relationship with tomato plant– http://imagearchive.ps
u.edu/displayimage.php?pos=-19895
• Photo Credit for Dodder in Bloom: Michael Becker, 2005, Wikimedia Commons
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Photo Credit for Dodder on Acacia: Khalid Mahmood, 2007, Wikimedia Commons
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Photo Credit for Parasitoid Wasp on Plant Bug Nymph: Scott Bauer, USDA, 2003, Wikimedia Commons
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The End
Unless otherwise specified, all images in this presentation came from:
Campbell, et al. 2008. Biology, 8th ed. Pearson Benjamin Cummings.