CARBOXILIC ACID

General formula __________________________________

One hydrogen atom is replaced with functional group ___________________________

Why families known as carboxylic ‘ acid ’

Carboxyl group plays a vital role to gives _______________ properties to carboxilic acid families.

Molecular and Structural Formula

n Name Molecular formula Mr Structural formula

0 Methanoic acid

1 Ethanoic acid

2 Propanoic acid

3 Butanoic acid

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Naming carboxilic acids

Example 1:

Example 2:

Example 3:

Example 4:

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Ethanoic AsidCan be prepared through _________ of an ethanol.

Chemical equation:

This is carried out by _____________________ with an ___________________ such as ______________________________ or ___________________________________________.

Preparation of ethanoic acid through refluxing

Condenser is used to prevent the _________________________________________________

This method of _______________________________________ during heating is called refluxing.

How to carry out the activity?

Physical Properties

Chemical Properties1) Acid Properties- Only hydrogen atom in the carboxyl group, [-COOH] can ________________ to produce ______________________________

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Ethanoic acid is a weak acid. Why? - it dissociates in water _________________ , most of the molecules remain ____________.

2) Reactions with metals- Dilute ethanoic acid reacts with ____________ metal (________________________) to produce a ______________ and _____________ gas.

3) Reactions with bases- Dilute ethanoic acid _______________ alkalis such as ______________________ solution to give an ________________________________________

4) Reactions with carbonates- Dilute ethanoic acid reacts with __________________ to produce a __________________________

Reactions with alcohols [________________________]

Esterification: ________________- reacts with ____________________ to produce an ____________________________________.

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Uses of carboxilic acid:

i. Ethanoic acid is known as acetic acids use in;- Food ____________________- Food ____________________- To make ____________________- To make esters for use as ____________________

ii. Methanoic acid is used to ____________________.iii. Benzoic acids is used as food ____________________iv. Fatty acids used in making ____________________v. Carboxilic acids use in the manufactured of ____________________

Conclusion on chemical reaction;

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ESTER

General formula ______________________________________________________________________________

R : alkyl group in ____________________R’ : alkyl group in ____________________

Esterification- Carboxilic acid reacts with alcohol to produce ____________________- The functional group of ester is__________________________________- ____________________is catalyst. - Carboxilic acid ____________________- Alcohol ____________________- The bond that ______________________________

Naming Ester- Name of ester consists of two parts, the name of ____________________ and followed by the ____________________.

Example: i. Ethanoic acid + methanol ____________________ + ____________________Chemical equation:

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Example: ii. Ethanoic acid + ethanol __________________________________________________- Chemical equation:

Example: iii. Methanoic acid + Ethanol ________________________________________________ Chemical equation:

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Q: Draw structural molecule of i. Methyl metanoateii. Pentyl propanoate iii. Propyl ethanoate

Solutions; i. Methyl metanoate

ii. Pentyl propanoate

iii. Propyl ethanoate

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Preparation of ester through reflux

How to carry out this process?

After boiling, Liebig condenser is rearranged To carry out the __________________________ at _____________________ to collect __________________________.

Physical properties of ethyl ethanoate

Natural Sources- Most simple esters are found in _______________________________

ex: _____________________________ _______________________________

- __________________ are liquid ester.- The higher and complex ester ___________________________________ smells

Uses of ester- to make ______________________________________- to make ____________________________________

- used as organic solvents eg. _______________________________________ _______________________________________. - to make synthetic _______________________________

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- to make ______________________________________

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