Chemistry

Chemical Reactions

Standard #3

What is a chemical Reaction?Chemical reactions form new

substances with different properties than the starting substances.

Reactants Starting Material End Material

“yields”

Products

Equations:

2. Formula:

Hydrogen reacts with oxygen to make water.

H2O

1. Word

H2 + O2

What is the formula equation for?:

1. Ammonia reacts with hydrogen chloride to form ammonium chloride.

2. When heated calcium carbonate decomposes to form calcium oxide and carbon dioxide.

CaCO3

H+ Cl-1NH4+1

Ca+2 CO3-2 Ca+2 O-2

CaO + CO2

NH3 + HCl NH4Cl

Cl-

Balancing Equation:

a.___Ca +___O2 ___CaO

Reactants Products

Ca=1

O=2

Ca=1

O=1

In balancing equations…..

the number of atoms need to be equal on reactant and product side

Use a number (coefficient) to multiply out!!

2

2

2Not balanced Balanced Not balanced

2

2 Balanced

Balancing Equation:

b.___Mg +___N2 ___Mg3N2

Reactants Products

Mg=1

N=2

Mg=3

N=2

Not balanced

3

3

Balanced

Balancing Equation:

c. ___AgNO3 +___Cu ___Cu(NO3)2 + ___Ag

Reactants Products

Ag=1 Ag=1

NO3=1 NO3=2

Cu=1 Cu=1

2

2

2

2 Balanced

2

Balance equations:

___H2O2 ___H2O + ___ O2

Reactants Products

H=2 H=2

O=2 O=3

2

4

4

2

4

4Balanced!

Stop Here!

1. Calcium reacts with water to form Calcium Hydroxide and Hydrogen gas

2. Magnesium reacts with Hydrochloric acid to form Magnesium Chloride and Hydrogen gas

3. Magnesium Oxide is produced when Magnesium is burned in oxygen.

Ca(OH)2

Ca+2 OH-1

Mg+2 Cl-1

O-2Mg+2

Ca + H2O

Mg + HCl MgCl2 + H2

Mg + O2 MgO

Please write the formula equations and balance!Warm

up/Demonstration

+ H222

22

2222

Video Clip

on

Reactions

3 min.

Types of Reactions

1. Direct Combination/Synthesis

2. Decomposition

4. Double Displacement

3. Single Displacement

5. Combustion

When two or more simple compounds or atoms combine to form a more complicated one.

A + B AB

1. Direct Combination/Synthesis

2. DecompositionWhen a complex molecule breaks down to make simpler ones.

AB A + B

3. Single DisplacementWhen one element trades places with another element in a compound.

A + BC AC + B

AdamBen and Candy

4-ever!

Adam and Candy

4-ever!

I thought we were 4-ever

+ + - + - +

4. Double DisplacementWhen the anions and cations of two different molecules switch places, forming two entirely different compounds.

AB + CD AD + CB+ - + - + - + -

A combustion reaction is when oxygen combines with a Hydrocarbon to form water and carbon dioxide.

5. Combustion

CxHy + O2 CO2 + H2O

So, what bodily process do you do daily that is the

same as combustion?Cellular Respiration

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 CO2 + 6 H2O

Classify/Arrange the following reactions:

1. 2H2O H2+ O2

2. CO2 + H2O H2CO3

3. 4Fe + 3O2 2Fe2O3

4. MgCl2 + HNO3 Mg(NO3)2 + HCl

5. OMIT OMIT OMIT OMIT OMIT

6. CH4 + 2O2 CO2 +2H2O

7. Ca + O2 2CaO

8. H2O2 H2O + O2

9. KCl + NaI NaCl + KI

10. Mg(NO3)2+ 2HI MgI2 + HNO3

Synthesis

Synthesis

Synthesis

Double Displacement

Combustion

Decomposition

DecompositionDouble Displacement

Double Displacement

Activity Series: Used to determine which element will replace another in a single displacement reaction. The series lists elements from the most active to the least active. An element can replace any element below it but NOT above it.

High Strength

Low Strength

Indicate if this is a possible reaction:

1. Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu

Yes

No

2. Cu + FeSO4 CuSO4 + Fe

3. Na + KCl NaCl + K

4. K + NaCl KCl + Na

5. Pb + AgI PbI2 + Ag

6. Ag + PbI2 Pb + AgI

No

Yes

Yes

No

Stop Here!

Equation Quiz

Take out a blank sheet of paper.

I will give you a periodic table

Quiz Today

on

1. Writing a formula equation from a word equation

2. Balancing an equation