chemistry
DESCRIPTION
CHEMISTRY. 1/21/14. Get glue and scissors ready right now, please. Next available page: insert your new table of contents Title: CHEMISTRY Be ready for further instructions. I. What is an atom? Pg 3. Atoms are the basic unit of matter All matter is made up of tiny atoms - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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CHEMISTRY
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1/21/14
Get glue and scissors ready right now, please.
Next available page: insert your new table of contents Title: CHEMISTRY
Be ready for further instructions
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I. What is an atom? Pg 3
Atoms are the basic unit of matter All matter is made up of tiny atoms Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space
What are the 3 types of matter? Solid, Liquid, and Gas
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What is an element?
An element is a pure substance that is made from a single type of atom
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Atom
Atoms are the building blocks of all matter
water
Molecule Atom
O
H H
Subatomic
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Subatomic ParticlesProton Neutron Electron
Location in the Atom
Mass
Charge
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II. Structure of an atom
There are 3 subatomic particles in an atom Proton Neutron Electron
Can you label the protons, neutrons, and electrons on the atom above?
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III. Atomic Nucleus
The nucleus is a dense area at the center of the atom Protons and neutrons are found in the atomic nucleus
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THE PROTON
p+•Found in the nucleus •Heavy: 1 amu (atomic mass unit)• Positive: +1
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THE NEUTRON
N°
• Located in the nucleus.•Heavy: 1 amu• Neutral: 0 charge
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Nucleus is held together with
nuclear energy
Electron cloud is full of zipping electrons
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NUCLEUS: HEAVY BUT TINY PART OF ATOM.FOUND IN CENTER OF AN ATOM AND HOLDS 2 IMPORTANT SUBATOMIC PARTS.
½ Football FieldOuter Edge
of Atom
Nucleus
50 End
Zone
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1/22/14 pg 4
What are the three parts of an atom and their charges?
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IV. Electrons
Electrons have a relatively small mass compared to protons and neutrons
It takes the mass of (roughly)1800 electrons to equal 1 proton or neutron
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THE ELECTRON• Found in the electron cloud•Very light: 0 amu
• Negative: -1 e-
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V. How small is an atom?
Atoms are TINY! 20 million hydrogen atoms would fit inside the
period at the end of this sentence. You are made of billions and billions of atoms
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Protons
e-p+ N°
Neutrons Electrons
Positive+1
Neutral0
Negative-1
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N0P+e-
e-
e-
P+P+
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Please complete the following tableProton Neutron Electron
Location in the Atom
Mass
Charge
Nucleus NucleusElectron
Cloud
Heavy Heavy Very LightPositive
+1Neutral
0Negative
-1
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VII. Review of Atomic Structure
What is the basic unit of matter? Atom
What are the 3 subatomic particles? Proton, Neutron, Electron
What’s the electrical charge of a proton? Positive (+)
What’s the electrical charge of a neutron? Neutral
What’s the electrical charge of an electron? Negative (-)
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How to read an element pg 5
How many protons? Look at: Atomic Number: The number of protons in an atom How many electrons?Atoms must have equal numbers of protons and electrons. (look at the atomic number)How many neutrons?Subtract atomic number from atomic mass
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Atomic mass: (Number of Protons) + (Number of Neutrons)
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0
+++
- -
-
Name 3 things that are wrong with this atom
0
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+ +
-
+
--
0
Name 3 things that are wrong with this atom
00
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0 0
+
+
-
-+
0
0
What is wrong with this Atom?
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Draw an atom CORRECTLY
2 protons, 1 neutron, 2 electrons
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REVIEW Proton: positive Neutron: Neutral Electron: Negative
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1/29/14 IQ pg6
Describe the where the mass of an atom comes from. Where is it located? What are the subatomic particles that make up the mass?
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ATOMIC CHARGES
Positive and positive repel (go away from) each other
Negative and negative repel each other Positive and negative attract each other
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ION
Ion: Electrically charged particle produced by either removing or adding electrons from/to a neutral atom
When an ion is formed, the number of protons does not change.
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Positive Ion: When an atom has more protons than electrons, giving the atom a positive charge. One or more electrons are removed
Negative Ion: When an atom has more electrons than protons, giving the atom a negative charge. One or more electrons are added.
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