Sekolah Menengah Kebangsaan Datuk Peter MojuntinCHEMISTRY FOLIOSULPHURIC ACIDName : Marie TamClass : 4 AYear : 2013CONTENTSNoContentsPage1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.AcknowledgementObjectivesIntroductionUses of Sulphuric Acid, H2SO4Manufacture of Sulphuric Acid, H2SO4Environmental problems caused by Sulphuric Acid, H2SO4SummaryConclusionSources23456891011ACKNOWLEDGEMENTFirstly, I would like to thank my chemistry teacher Mr. Yeo Peck Cheng who has guide me throughout the process of finishing my chemistry folio.Next, I would also like to say my gratitude to my family for giving me the support I need during the time I was going on the process of finishing my chemistry folio.Lastly, I would like to thank Nellasia Duin and Elsy Julian; my classmates whom both has helped me a lot in the making of this folioOBJECTIVESTo know the uses of sulphuric acid.To understand the industrial process involved in the manufacture of sulphuric acid.To list down the issues, effect and ways to control the environmental problems cause by sulphuric acidINTRODUCTIONPROPERTIES OF SULPHURIC ACID, H2SO4Sulphuric Acid is a strong acid.It is soluble in water.Non-volatile diprotic acid.It is a highly corrosiveHighly denseIs an oily liquidIts boiling point is at 270cUSES OF SULPHURIC ACID, H2SO4Use to make fertilisersThere are many types of fertilizers. Examples :Ammonium sulphateH2So4 + SNH3 (NH4)2 + SO4Calcium hydrogen phosphate2H2SO4 + Ca3(PO4)2 Ca(H2PO4) = 2CaSO4Potassium sulphateH2SO4 = Ba(OH)2 -> BaSO4 + 2H2OUse to make paint pigmentsH2SO4 + Ba(OH) BaSO4 + 2H2OUse to make detergentsUse to make synthetic fibresUse to clean metalsUse to make plasticsUse as electrolyte of the car batteriesUse as a catalystMANUFACTURE OF SULPHURIC ACID, H2SO4Stage 1 : Molten sulphur is burnt in air to produce sulphur dioxide. The gas is purified and cooled to remove impuritiesS + O2 SO2Stage 2 : Occurs in the converter, mixture of sulphur dioxide, SO2 and excess oxygen gas, O2 is pass through the Vanadium ( V ) oxide, V2O5 to catalyst at 450c and 1 atm to produce sulphur trioxide, SO3.2SO2 + O2 SO3Stage 3 : Occurs in the absorber, the sulphur trioxide, SO3 react with concentrated sulphuric acid, H2SO4 to form oleum, H2S2O7.Stage 4 :Oleum, H2S2O7 is dilute with water to produce concentrated sulphuric acids, H2SO4 in large quantities.H2S2O7 + H2O 2H2SO4ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEM CAUSED BY SULPHURIC ACID, H2SO4SUMMARYSulphuric acid, H2SO4 is used in the making of paint pigments, detergents, synthetic fibres, plastics, fertilisers and electrolyte of the car batteries. It is also used as a catalystSulphuric acid, H2SO4 is manufactured by Contact Process in 3 stages.The sulphur dioxide gas, SO2 released from industrial activities can cause acid rain.Acid rain causes environmental pollution.CONCLUSIONSulphuric acid is a highlycorrosivestrongmineral acidwith themolecular formulaH2SO4. is a pungent, colorless to slightly yellow viscous liquid which is soluble inwaterat all concentrations.Sometimes, it is dyed dark brown during production to alert people to its hazards.The historical name of this acid isoil of vitriol. Sulfuric acid is adiprotic acidand shows different properties depending upon its concentration. Its corrosiveness on other materials, likemetals,living tissues(e.g.skinandflesh) or evenstones, can be mainly ascribed to itsstrong acidic natureand, if concentrated,strong dehydratingandoxidizingproperty. Sulfuric acid at a highconcentrationcan cause very serious damage upon contact, as it not only causeschemical burnsviahydrolysis, but alsosecondary thermal burnsviadehydration. It burns thecorneaand can lead topermanent blindnessif splashed ontoeyes. Accordingly, safety precautions should be strictly observed when handling it. Moreover, it ishygroscopic, readily absorbingwater vapourfrom theair. Sulfuric acid has a wide range of applications includingdomestic acidic drain cleaner,electrolyteinlead-acid batteriesand variouscleaning agents. It is also a central substance in thechemical industry. Principal uses includemineral processing,fertilizermanufacturing,oil refining,wastewater processing, andchemical synthesis. It is widely produced with different methods, such ascontact process,wet sulfuric acid processand some other methodsSOURCESLow Swee Neo, Lim Yean Ching,Eng Nguan Hong,Lim Eng Wah, Umi Kalthom bintiAhmad, 2005, Chemistry Form 4 Textbook, Abadi Ilmu Sdn. Bhd.Wikipedia Http://www.wikipedia.comEng Nguan Hong, Lim Eng Wah, Lim Yean Ching, 2013, Focus 4U Chemistry SPM, Penerbit Pelangi Sdn. Bhd