chemistry investigatory project- cold drinks

7/23/2019 chemistry investigatory project- cold drinks

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Analysis of

Contents of ColdDrinks

Done by:

KENIL PATEL

12th SCIENCE



CHINMAYA INTERNATIONAL RESIDENTIAL

SCHOOL COIMBATORE

DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE

This is certifed as the Bonafde Record o Chemistry Project done

by …………………………………………… o class XII CBSE Re!ister

"o………………… d#rin! the session $%&'($%&) s#bmitted or the

*ISSCE Chemistry Practical E+amination held on ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,

at Chinmaya International Residential School Coimbatore-

……………………… ……………………………………Teacher in char!e Si!nat#re o the Princi.al /01

Examiners:

Date ………………… E+ternal ……………………

Page | 2



*I1

C21P*R*TI3E ST4D5 *"D

64*7IT*TI3E

*"*75SIS 28 DI88ERE"TBR*"DS 28 C27D DRI"9S

*3*I7*B7E I" 1*R9ET.

*C9"27ED;E1E"T

Page | 3



It would be my utmost pleasure to express

my sincere thanks to y Chemistry !eacher

1s- Dee.a" in pro#iding a helping hand inthis pro$ect% Also I would like to thank P#jya

;#r#de< S=ami Chinmayananda for

showering his blessing" adam Principal

Smt- Shanti 9rishna 1#rthy"

&eadmistress Smt- >aya Ra<i Shan?ar" 1y

Parents and 7ab *ssistant% !heir #aluableguidance" support and super#ision all

through this pro$ect titled @Determination

o the Contents o Cold Drin?sA are

responsible for attaining its present form%

P4RP2SE

In recent days" soft drink brands were put into

#arious 'uestions regarding their purity% (ewsPage | )



*ashed that they contain harmful pesticide"

which arouse many interest in knowing its

contents because I ha#e been drinking them for

years% I wanted to con+rm that whether thecharge imposed on these brands are true or not%

Another fact which inspired me to do this pro$ect

is that I am in touch with 'ualitati#e analysis

whose knowledge with other factors helped me

to do so%

I"DEX

S-"2 C2"TE"TS P!-"2

Page | ,



&- Introduction -

$- !heory .

- Apparatus /

- Chemicals 0e'uired 1

'- Determination of p& 11

)- !est for Carbon

Dioxide

12

- !est for lucose 13

- !est for Phosphate 1,

F- !est for Alcohol 14

&%- !est for 5ucrose 1-&&- 0esult 1.

&$- Conclusion 1/

&- 6ibliography 2

I"TR2D4CTI2"

Page | 4



!he era of cold drinks began in 1/,2 but the

industriali7ation in India marked its beginning

with launching of 8imca and oldspot by parley

group of companies% 5ince" the beginning of colddrinks was highly pro+table and luring" many

multinational companies launched their brands in

India like Pepsi and Coke%

(ow days" it is obser#ed in general that ma$ority

of people #iewed 5prite" iranda" and 8imca togi#e feeling of lightness" while Pepsi and !humbs

9p to acti#ate pulse and brain%

T0E2R5

Page | -



Cold drinks of di:erent brands are composed of alcohol"

carbohydrates" carbon dioxide" phosphate ions etc%

!hese soft drinks gi#e feeling of warmth" lightness and

ha#e a tangy taste which is liked by e#eryone% Carbondioxide is responsible for the formation of froth on

shaking the bottle%

!he carbon dioxide gas is dissol#ed in water to form

carbonic acid which is also responsible for the tangy

taste% Carbohydrates are the naturally occurring

organic compounds and are ma$or source of energy to

our body% eneral formula of carbohydrates is

CX G0$2H 5 %

;n the basis of their molecule si7e carbohydrates are

classi+ed as<=

1onosaccharide" Disaccharides and

Polysaccharides% lucose is a monosaccharide with

formula C)0&$2) %It occurs in >ree 5tate in the ripen

grapes in bones and also in many sweet fruits% It is also

present in human blood to the extent of about %-&%

5ucrose is one of the most useful disaccharides in our

daily life% !he main source of sucrose is sugar cane

$uice which contain &'($% sucrose and sugar beet

which has about &%(& sucrose% !he molecular

formula of sucrose is C&$0$$2&&% It is produced by a

mixture of glucose and fructose% It is non=reducing in

nature whereas glucose is reducing% Cold drinks are a

bit acidic in nature and their acidity can be measured

by +nding their p& #alue% !he p& #alues also depend

upon the acidic contents such as citric acid and

phosphoric acid%Page | .



*PP*R*T4S

!est !ube !est !ube &older !est !ube 5tand 5top ?atch 6eaker 6urner p& Paper !ripod 5tand China Dish ?ire auge ?ater 6ath

C0E1IC*7S RE64IRED

Iodine 5olution Potassium Iodine

Page | /



5odium &ydroxide >ehling@s A 6 5olution 8ime ?ater Concentrated &(;3

6enedict 5olution

Ammonium olybdate

DETER1I"*TI2" 28 .0

EXPERI1E"T5mall samples of cold drinks of di:erent brands were

taken in a test tube and put on the p& paper% !he

change in the color of p& paper was noticed and was

compared with the standard p& scale%

Page | 1



2BSER3*TI2"

S-"2- "*1E 28 T0E

DRI"9

C2724R

C0*";E

.0 3*74E

1% C;CA C;8A Pinkish 2=3

2% 5P0I!B Dark ;range 3

3% 8ICA 8ight ;range )

)% >A(!A ;range 3=)

I"8ERE"CE

5oft drinks are generally acidic because of the presence

of citric acid and phosphoric acid% p& #alues of cold

drink of di:erent brands are di:erent due to the

#ariation in amount of acidic contents%

TEST 82R C*RB2" DI2XIDE

EXPERI1E"T

As soon as the bottles were opened" one by one the

sample was passed through lime water% !he lime water

turned milky%

2BSER3*TI2"

Page | 11



S-"2

-

"*1E 28 T0E

DRI"9

TI1E T*9E"

GSEC-H

C2"C74SI2

"

1% C;CA C;8A 2. C;2 I5

P0B5B(!2% 5P0I!B 3/ C;2 I5

P0B5B(!3% 8ICA 3. C;2 I5

P0B5B(!)% >A(!A 34 C;2 I5

P0B5B(!

I"8ERE"CE

All the soft drinks contain dissol#ed carbon dioxide in

water% !he carbon dioxide C;2 dissol#es in water to

form carbonic acid" which is responsible for its tangy

taste%

C0E1IC*7 RE*CTI2" I"3273ED

Ca;&2s E C;2g CaC;3s E

&2;s

TEST 82R ;74C2SEEXPERI1E"T

lucose is a reducing sugar acid% Its presence is

detected by the following test<=

&- BE"EDICTJS RE*;E"T TEST:(Page | 12



5mall samples of cold drinks of di:erent brands weretaken in a test tube and a few drops of 6enedict@sreagent were added% !he test tube was heated for fewseconds% >ormation of reddish color con+rmed thepresence of glucose in cold drinks%

2BSER3*TI2"

S-"2- "*1E 28 T0E

DRI"9

2BSER3*TI2

"

C2"C74SI2

"

1%C;CA C;8A 0BDDI5&

C;8;90

P0BCIPI!A!B

89C;5B I5

P0B5B(!

2% 5P0I!B 0BDDI5&

C;8;90

P0BCIPI!A!B

89C;5B I5

P0B5B(!

3% 8ICA 0BDDI5&

C;8;90

P0BCIPI!A!B

89C;5B I5

P0B5B(!

)% >A(!A 0BDDI5&C;8;90

P0BCIPI!A!B

89C;5B I5P0B5B(!

I"8ERE"CE

All the samples ga#e positi#e test for glucose with

6enedict@s reagent% &ence all the drinks containglucose%

$- 8E07I";KS S274TI2" TEST

5mall samples of cold drinks of di:erent brands were

taken in a test tube and a few drops of >ehling@s A

solution and >ehling@s 6 solution was added in e'ual

Page | 13



amount% !he test tube was heated in a water bath for

1 minutes% Appearance of brown precipitate con+rmed

the presence of glucose in cold drinks%

2BSER3*TI2"

S-"2

-

"*1E 28 T0E

DRI"9

2BSER3*TI2" C2"C74SI2

"

1% C;CA C;8A 0BDDI5& 60;?(

P0BCIPI!A!B

89C;5B I5

P0B5B(!

2% 5P0I!B 0BDDI5& 60;?(P0BCIPI!A!B

89C;5B I5P0B5B(!

3% 8ICA 0BDDI5& 60;?(

P0BCIPI!A!B

89C;5B I5

P0B5B(!

)% >A(!A 0BDDI5& 60;?(

P0BCIPI!A!B

89C;5B I5

P0B5B(!

I"8ERE"CEAll the samples ga#e positi#e test for glucose with

>ehling@s A 6 solutions% &ence all the cold

drinks contain glucose%

TEST 82R P02SP0*TE

EXPERI1E"T

Page | 1)



5mall samples of each brand of cold drinks were taken

in separate test tubes and Ammonium olybdate

followed by concentrated (itric Acid &(;3 was added

to it% !he solution was heated% Appearance of canary=yellow precipitate con+rmed the presence of phosphate

ions in cold drinks%

2BSER3*TI2"

S-"2

-

"*1E 28

T0E DRI"9

2BSER3*TI2" C2"C74SI2

"

1% C;CA C;8A CA(A0F=FB88;?P0BCIPI!A!B

P&;5P&A!B I5P0B5B(!

2% 5P0I!B CA(A0F=FB88;?

P0BCIPI!A!B

P&;5P&A!B I5

P0B5B(!

3% 8ICA CA(A0F=FB88;?

P0BCIPI!A!B

P&;5P&A!B I5

P0B5B(!

)% >A(!A CA(A0F=FB88;?

P0BCIPI!A!B

P&;5P&A!B I5

P0B5B(!

I"8ERE"CE

All the soft drinks samples ga#e positi#e test forphosphate ions% &ence all the cold drinks containphosphate%

C0E1IC*7 RE*CTI2" I"3273ED(a&P;) E 12(&)2o;) E 21&(;3 E3&(&)3P;)%12o;3 E21&()(;3 E12&2;

TEST 82R *7C2027

EXPERI1E"TPage | 1,



5mall samples of each brand of cold drinks were takenin separate test tubes and Iodine followed by PotassiumIodide and 5odium &ydroxide (a;& solution wasadded to each test tube% !hen the test tubes wereheated in hot water bath for 3 minutes% Appearance of yellow colored precipitate con+rmed the presence ofalcohol in cold drinks%

2BSER3*TI2"

5%(;% (AB ;> !&B

D0I(G

;65B0HA!I;( C;(C895I;(

1% C;CA C;8A FB88;?

P0BCIPI!A!B

A8C;&;8 I5

P0B5B(!

2% 5P0I!B FB88;?

P0BCIPI!A!B

A8C;&;8 I5

P0B5B(!

3% 8ICA FB88;?

P0BCIPI!A!B

A8C;&;8 I5

P0B5B(!

)% >A(!A FB88;?

P0BCIPI!A!B

A8C;&;8 I5

P0B5B(!

I"8ERE"CE

All the cold drinks samples ga#e positi#e test for

alcohol% &ence all the cold drinks contain glucose%

C0E1IC*7 RE*CTI2" I"3273EDC&3C&2;& E )I2 E 4(a;& C&I3 E &C;;(a E ,(aI E,&2;

TEST 82R S4CR2SE

Page | 14



EXPERI1E"T

, ml samples of each brand of cold drinks were taken in

separate china dishes and were heated #ery stronglyuntil changes occur% 6lack colored residue left

con+rmed the presence of sucrose in cold drinks%

2BSER3*TI2"

S-"2- "*1E 28 T0E

DRI"9

2BSER3*TI2

"

C2"C74SI2

"

1% C;CA C;8A 68ACG 0B5ID9B 59C0;5B I5

P0B5B(!

2% 5P0I!B 68ACG 0B5ID9B 59C0;5B I5

P0B5B(!

3% 8ICA 68ACG 0B5ID9B 59C0;5B I5

P0B5B(!

)% >A(!A 68ACG 0B5ID9B 59C0;5B I5

P0B5B(!

I"8ERE"CE

All the brands of cold drinks contain sucrose% 6ut

amount of sucrose #aries in each brand of drink% >anta

contains highest amount of sucrose%

RES47T

After conducting se#eral tests" it was concluded that

the di:erent brands of cold drinks namely<

Page | 1-



1% Coca Cola

2% 5prite

3% 8imca

)% >anta

All contains glucose" alcohol" sucrose" phosphate and

carbon dioxide% All cold drinks are acidic in nature% ;n

comparing the p& #alue of di:erent brands Coca Cola is

the most acidic and 8imca is least acidic of all the four

brands taken%

C*RB2" DI2XIDE

Among the four samples of cold drinks taken" Coca Cola

has the maximum amount of dissol#ed carbon dioxideand 5prite has the minimum amount of dissol#ed

carbon dioxide%

C2"C74SI2"

DIS*D3*"T*;ES 28 C27DDRI"9S

Page | 1.



&- 5oft drinks are little more harmful than sugar solution% As theycontain sugar in large amount which cause problems indiabetes patients%

$- 5oft drinks can cause weight gain as they interfere with thebody@s natural ability to suppress hunger feeling%

- 5oft drinks ha#e ability to dissol#e the calcium so they are alsoharmful for our bones%

- 5oft drinks contain phosphoric acidJ which has a p& of 2%.% 5othey can dissol#e a nail in about ) days%

'- >or transportation of soft drinks syrup the commercial truckmust use the ha7ardous matter place cards reser#ed for highlycohesi#e material%

)- 5oft drinks ha#e also ability to remo#e blood so they are #eryharmful to our body%

BIB7I2;R*P05

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chemistry investigatory project- cold drinks

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