chemistry of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins what does it mean to be an organic molecule? what...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and ProteinsFats, and Proteins
What does it mean What does it mean to be an organic to be an organic molecule?molecule? Contains at least Contains at least
carbon and carbon and hydrogen.hydrogen.
![Page 2: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
What is a Chemical What is a Chemical Formula?Formula?
List the elements and how many (Ex. List the elements and how many (Ex. HH22O). O). What is the chemical formula of
butane?C4H10
![Page 3: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
What is a Structural What is a Structural Formula?Formula?
Provides position Provides position and orientation.and orientation.
Glucose and fructose are isomers. Any guesses what an “isomer” is?Isomers – same chemical formula, different structural formula
![Page 4: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
CarbohydratesCarbohydrates
Which elements?Which elements?
Any particular Any particular ratio?ratio?
C, H, O2 H : 1 O
![Page 5: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
CarbohydratesCarbohydrates
What are the building What are the building blocks?blocks?
“Monosaccharides” or “simple sugars”
![Page 6: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CarbohydratesCarbohydrates
What are the What are the functions in a living functions in a living organism?organism?
EXAMPLESEXAMPLES
ENERGY; STRUCTURE
Glucose, sucrose, starch (plant storage), glycogen (animal storage), cellulose (plant cell walls), chitin (insects)
![Page 7: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
LipidsLipids
Which elements?Which elements?
Any particular Any particular ratio?ratio?
C, H, OLots H : very few O
![Page 8: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
LipidsLipids What are the building What are the building
blocks?blocks?1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids
glycerol
Fatty acid
Fatty acid
Fatty acid
Monounsaturated fat
C | C | C
![Page 9: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
LipidsLipids
What are the What are the functions in a living functions in a living organism?organism?
EXAMPLESEXAMPLES
ENERGY RESERVES; CELL MEMBRANES; INSULATION
Fats, oils, waxes
![Page 10: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
ProteinsProteins
Which elements?Which elements?
Any particular Any particular ratio?ratio?
C, H, O, N, S
No
![Page 11: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ProteinsProteins What are the building What are the building
blocks?blocks?Amino Acids
![Page 12: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ProteinsProteins
What are the What are the functions in a living functions in a living organism?organism?
EXAMPLESEXAMPLES
Many different functions
Feathers, spider webs, wool, silk, fingernails, hair, enzymes, antibodies, muscle.
![Page 13: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
How are organic molecules added How are organic molecules added together?together?
Glucose – C H O 6 12 6
Fructose –
+
C H O 6 12 6
C H O 12 22 11
? What’s missing?
Sucrose –
![Page 14: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
What is a condensation What is a condensation reaction? reaction?
Combining organic molecules Combining organic molecules requires the loss of water.requires the loss of water.
![Page 15: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What is hydrolysis?What is hydrolysis?
Separating organic molecules Separating organic molecules requires adding water back.requires adding water back.
![Page 16: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
When two sugars are added When two sugars are added together, what is produced?together, what is produced?
A disaccharideA disaccharide
![Page 17: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
When three or more sugars are When three or more sugars are added together, what is added together, what is
produced?produced?
PolysaccharidePolysaccharide
![Page 18: Chemistry of Carbohydrates, Fats, and Proteins What does it mean to be an organic molecule? What does it mean to be an organic molecule? Contains at least](https://reader030.vdocument.in/reader030/viewer/2022032523/56649d8c5503460f94a74108/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Carbohydrates - Carbohydrates - SaccharidesSaccharides
Uses:Uses:
Glucose = quick energyGlucose = quick energy
Glycogen = animal Glycogen = animal starch; stored energystarch; stored energy
Plant starch = stored Plant starch = stored energy for plantsenergy for plants