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Chem 1.1 Notes Intro. to Chemistry.notebook
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August 30, 2016
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1.1 Introduction to Chemistry
What's this?
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Chemistry – What is it?Study of matter and the changes it undergoes.
Substance – matter that has a definite and uniform composition
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Characteristics of MatterMass – a measurement of amount of matter
Weight – Measurement of matter that accounts for gravitational pull.
Would you weigh more or less on the moon, which is smaller than the earth?
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Scientific MethodSystematic approach used by scientists to do research, and check the research of others.
Data – information gathered about something.
Qualitative – Numberless data that relates to our five senses.Ex? – Color, size, shape, odor
Quantitative – Numerical information.Ex? – Time, temperature, mass, pressure, number of things.
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Hello, my name is: Gollum
Scientific MethodObservation is made, leading toQuestion: Why's that happening?
Hypothesis – Tentative explanation of an observation.Experiment – Controlled conditions that test hypothesis, making data.
Conclusion – Judgment based on information obtained from an experiment.
Note: Hypotheses can’t be proven, only supported.
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ModelVisual, verbal, or mathematical explanation of experimental data.
Examples?
No No No
Chem 1.1 Notes Intro. to Chemistry.notebook
2
August 30, 2016
Feb 2211:38 AM
ModelVisual, verbal, or mathematical explanation of experimental data.
Physical Model Graphic Model
The Solar SystemPopulation Growth
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VariablesThese are conditions that change during an experiment.Independent Variable – Condition the scientist changes. Dependent Variable – Condition that changes in response to the independent variable. With table partner, devise a simple experiment that has examples of both types of variables.
Dependent
yaxis
Independentxaxis
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Variables, ContinuedControl – a standard for comparison, Constant – a condition that doesn't change during an experiment. Examples from the last experiment?In a plant growing experiment where different amounts of ammonia (a fertilizer in small amounts) are added to the plants, what examples of controls could be used?
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Theory vs. LawScientific Theory – Explanation of natural phenomena based on many observations and investigations over time. Ex. Theory of Relativity
Scientific Law – Relationship in nature supported by a wide variety of experiments. Ex. Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation.
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Research
Pure Research – experiments done for the sake of knowledge itself.Examples? Search for subatomic particles.
Applied Research – undertaken to solve a specific problem.Examples? – Stem cell research.
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Homework
Read Chapter 1.1 1.4 of your book
0.1 Problems in your BookletsDue: Next Class