= A total ban on alcoholic drinks

Why were some people in favor of Prohibition?•To help reduce unemployment, domestic violence, and poverty

18th Amendment (1919) Prohibited making, selling, or transporting of alcohol.•Impossible to enforce because Bootleggers made and imported illegal alcohol

Is that a promise?

• Every town had

illegal taverns that sold liquor.

• Organized crime rose as huge profits could be made bringing liquor into the U.S. -Example: Al Capone

living in the city of Chicago.

• The 21st Amendment was passed in 1933. It repealed the 18th Amendment. Prohibition was now over.

True Gangsta

•19th Amendment passed in 1920, women could now vote.

•Women were restricted:

-Universities and medical schools still barred women. Some states didn’t allow women to serve on juries or keep their own earnings if married.

Flappers – young women who shocked older generations by breaking social norms with dress, dancing, smoking cigarettes, and drinking illegal liquor.

• Henry Ford introduced assembly line. • As a result, prices dropped and middle

class families could afford to buy a car.

The Assembly

Line at Work!!!

• Some new businesses created by automobile:– Gas stations, – roadside restaurants, – cabins sprang up along

highways (MOTELS)

• Cars and roads made it easier for families to move to the suburbs. It also encouraged tourism.

•Almost any family could afford to buy a radio.

•The first commercial radio broadcast is in1920 on KDKA in Pittsburgh, PA!

•Told of Warren G. Harding’s election results

•By 1926, there were more than 700 radio stations and a national radio network called NBC

• Most Popular programs on the radio:

• political addresses,

• baseball games

• band performances,

• and comedy shows

• Listen closely to the clips! Would you know what was going on in the 1920s?

• Some dance fads of the 1920s:– Charleston– Lindy Hop, – Black Bottom, – the Breakaway

• Flagpole Sitting???– Young people

compete to see who could sit atop a flagpole the longest. Lasted for hours or even days., as people competed to win prizes offered.

About As Stupid As that Donkey Show…SHHH!

Dance Marathonscouples tried to stay on their feet as

long as possible, usually to win some kind of prize.

The Dance Marathon’s cousin Raving…I guess I don’t get it…

Mah-Jongg• Mah-jongg – Chinese tile game played at parties and in clubs, usually in Chinese style dress!

Notice the “Chinese” Silk Robes!

- Larger than life Baseball hero, famous for hitting home runs.- Hit 60 Home Runs for the 1927 New York Yankee’s “Murderer’s Row” team

-They also beat the Pirates in the World Series…

Click Here for Video!!! (~4 min)

Johnny Weissmuller

•Swimmer•Won 5 Olympic Gold Medals, and 1 Bronze!•Set 67 World Records!•Played Tarzan in the movies!

-NFL and Collegiate Football-Ranked the #1 College Football Player of All-Time by ESPN in 2008

-College Stats (20 Games)-Ran for 3,362 Yards-Received for 253 Yards-Passed for 575 Yards-Scored 31 Touchdowns

-9 of those were scored from 50 yards away or more!

•Most Successful Amateur Golfer of all time!•“Retired” at age 30 before going pro!•Designed Augusta National Golf Course, and co-founded the Masters Tournament

•Tennis Superstars•Tilden won 15 Majors, including 10 Grand Slams•Wills won 31 Major

•Considered to be he first American born woman to achieve international celebrity as an athlete!

The Manassa Mauler •Professional Record:

• 65 Wins (56 by Knockout)•6 Losses•11 Draws

•World Heavyweight Champion from 1919 to 1926

•Didn’t fight from 1923 to 1926 though•#1 contender was a black fighter named Harry Wills

•Dempsey would not fight black boxers…

•First pilot to fly nonstop across the Atlantic, in 1927

Click Here for Video!~4 min

• Many writers of the 1920s complained that America had turned from international idealism to greedy selfishness.

• F. Scott Fitzgerald– The Great Gatsby

• A commentary on how wealth and having a lot of stuff doesn’t really make rich people happy!

Ernest Hemingway

• For Whom the Bell Tolls• A Farewell to Arms

– Growing antiwar sentiments.

– Used direct sentences and everyday language

Sinclair Lewis

• Main Street and Babbit – Reacted to hypocrisies of

middle-class culture

• The movement of large numbers of African Americans north during WWI and the 1920s was called:– The Great Migration where 6 Million African-Americans left the South for

better job opportunities in the North!

• Where did they move???• They headed to cities such as:

-Chicago, Detroit, Pittsburgh, and New York

Push Factors of the Great Migration

• Sharecropping – a system of agriculture in which the land owner lets someone else do the farming. – At harvest, the tenant gave the landlord a

large chunk (up to 50%!) of the crop to sell as payment for use of the land

– Tenants also had to pay the landlord for the tools, fertilizer, seeds, and their own food!

• Set up post-slavery, but instead made the sharecroppers essentially wage-slaves!

Push Factors of the Great Migration• Economic

Setbacks• The Boll

Weavil• Mechanized

Cotton Pickers

Segregation/Discrimination

Push Factors of the Great Migration!

Not to Mention the Mississippi River Flood of 1927!!!!

Pull Factors of the Great Migration

• Perception of Equal Opportunity in the North

• Labor Demand from Industrialization

• Geographic Mobility (worked as Psychological Freedom!!!)

• Money and Dignity

• As African Americans moved north, racial tensions mounted and Race Riots broke out in several cities.

• Why?–

• MARCUS GARVEY – promoted: – black Pride – and black Unity– created the Universal Negro

Improvement Association– and encouraged blacks to move

to Africa

Marcus Garvey

• Social tensions of the 1920s were expressed in the _Ku Klux Klan_, which hated blacks, immigrants, Catholics, and Jews, and saw a sharp rise in membership.

The KKK still exists today

THE BLUES!!!

• Blues music combined church spirituals, cotton field chants, and simple stories of bad things that happen to these people.– "The Blues are the true facts of life expressed

in words and song, insiration, feeling, and understanding.“ - Willie Dixon

I’ve Got THE BLUES!!!

• How does Kansas Joe McCoy and Memphis Minnie’s – “When The Levee Breaks” reflect the problems of Black people trying to leave the South?– Led Zeppelin’s “When the Levee Breaks”

• Musical style created by black musicians in New Orleans.

• Combined African and Caribbean rhythms,slavery chants and spirituals, and harmonies of Europe into one musical style!

– The Great Migration is the main reason Jazz music spreads across America!

Great Migration

Jazz

Louis Armstrong arrived in

Chicago from New Orleans.

Duke Ellington Bessie Smith

•Louis Armstrong and Bessie Smith – Sobbin Hearted Blues

•Louis Armstrong – When You’re Smilin’

•Duke Ellington – Jubilee Stomp

•Louis Armstrong – What a Wonderful World•Probably the only one you’ll know!!! (1967!)

The Problem with Jazz

• As usual, the people who embraced the jazz culture were young, and urban. Those older Americans set in their ways, and away from the culture refused to embrace it.

• The Problem: Many saw it as a corruption of American youth, as the “black man” trying to change white American culture.

• Does this sound familiar? Does it still happen?

If It’s Too Loud,You’re Too Old!

• An energetic African-American culture grew in Harlem, NY.

• Writers, musicians, and poets wrote pieces that expressed racial pride, criticized prejudice, and commented on politics.

• Langston Hughes– One of the most

prolific and versatile writers of Harlem Renaissance.

– He became a voice of the African American experience in U.S.

Langston Hughes’“I, Too, Sing America”

What is Hughes’ foreshadowing in this poem?

• I, too, sing America.

• I am the darker brother. They send me to eat in the kitchen When company comes, But I laugh, And eat well, And grow strong.

• Tomorrow, I'll be at the table When company comes.Nobody'll dare Say to me, "Eat in the kitchen," Then.

• Besides, They'll see how beautiful I am And be ashamed–

• I, too, am America.

• Movies provided an escape from everyday life. Millions of Americans went at least once a week.

• Movie industry grew up in – Hollywood, CA.

•Technology hadn’t made sound in film possible, so the first films were silent.

•Theaters hired piano players to provide music.

•Charlie Chaplin is THE Silent Film Star!!!

•1927, first TALKIE, or Talking Motion Picture, was

“The Jazz Singer”

•Al Jolson sings “Blue Skies”

•In blackface, he sings“My Mammy”

Charlie Chaplin

• John Scopes, a high school biology teacher, was accused of violating Tennessee law by teaching Darwin’s Theory of Evolution.– Darwin claimed that all life

evolved from simpler forms over a long period of time.

– Let’s Read the Textbook!!!

• Some religious leaders reject evolution, saying it denies the word of the Bible. A number of states passed laws banning the teaching of Darwin’s theory. Scopes wanted to challenge the law.

Clarence Darrow = Defense attorney

-Most famous criminal defense lawyer

in the country

William Jennings Bryan = Prosecutor

-A leading Fundamentalist in the U.S.

-Had run for President 3 times

By God, Evolution is

blasphemy!!!

I will blind you with

SCIENCE!!!

VS.

• Result– Scopes was found GUILTY and LOST

the trial AND his job. What happened?– He was fined $100 and lost his job,

although conviction was later overturned on technicality.

• Significance – New culture and morals were clashing

with Old American values. • The City vs. The Country• Even though they won, Fundamentalists saw

a decline in number of supporters.