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TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA1/ENG211

Matric Number: NOU144288595

ENG211 !istor" o# t$e En%&is$ 'an%ua%e

(r) Oni *ose+$ine ,) -.oninoun)e0u)n%

1 T$e +oer o# t$e 3oman Em+ire be%an to 0ec&ine 0ue to series o# attacs #rom

Nort$ America

6out$ern Euro+e

Nort$ern Euro+e

6out$ern America

2 (urin% t$e Norman 7onuest En%&is$ became t$e &an%ua%e o# t$e c&ass)

mi00&e

&o

u++er

ru&in%

3ic$ar0 Mu&caster;s E&ementaire +ub&is$e0 in 1582 #ocusse0 on so&<in% t$e +rob&em o# )

%rammar

s+e&&in%

+ronunciation

<ocabu&ar"

4 is NOT a member o# t$e =3oman 'an%ua%e ,ami&";)

,renc$

>ta&ian

6+anis$

German

5 T$e Great ?oe& 6$i#t intro0uce0 si%ni@cant c$an%es in<o&<in% <oe&s)

s$ort

&on%

sin%&e

0oub&e

T$e %enera& interest in t$e En%&is$ o# t$e 3enaissance #ocuse0 on)

<ocabu&ar"

%rammar

semantics



+$onetics

B T$e +erio0 15CC15C in t$e $istor" o# En%&is$ as a&so ca&&e0 t$e +erio0 o# t$e)

3enaissance

3e<o&ution

3e<o&t

Great (e+ression

8 T$e Ds +&ura& marer as %enera&&" a0o+te0 0urin% t$e )

3enaissance

O&0 En%&is$

Mi00&e En%&is$

'ate Mo0ern En%&is$

9 En%&is$ <erbs en0in% in Date e)%) create conso&i0ate era0icate e0ucate etc) are borroe0 #rom )

,renc$

German

'atin

Gree

1C T$e %reat <ocabu&ar" contro<ers" o# t$e ear&" mo0ern +erio0 as t$at o# )

aFation

0ictionar" terms

'an%ua%e Aca0em"

>n$orn terms

11 T$omas More an0 ere sometimes re#erre0 to as maers o# En%&is$H because t$e" intro0uce0/$e&+e0estab&is$ man" ne or0s in En%&is$)

T$omas E&"ot

*o$n Ieats

*o$n J"c&iKe

L$i&i+ 6i0ne"

12 T$e most &in%erin% +rob&em o# t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e is )

+ronunciation

s+e&&in%

%rammar

<ocabu&ar"

1 Jor0s suc$ as anon"mous catastro+$e criterion e+$emera& i0ios"ncras" etc) $a<e t$eir ori%in #rom )

Gree



'atin

,renc$

An%&o6aFon

14 O&0 En%&is$ <erbs %enera&&" $a0 #orms 0e+en0in% on t$eir con.u%ations)

&on% an0 s$ort

stron% an0 ea

#ast an0 s&o

no an0 t$en

15 T$e <er" @rst attem+t to +ro0uce a com+re$ensi<e &ist o# a&& t$e or0s in t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e as Nat$anie&ai&e";s +ub&is$e0 in 1B21)

A Tab&e A&+$abetica& o# !ar0 Jor0s

Uni<ersa& Et"mo&o%ica& En%&is$ (ictionar"

En%&is$ 'eFicon

Ne Jor&0 o# Jor0s

1 Lrintin% tec$no&o%" $ic$ $a0 a si%ni@cant im+act on t$e nati<e &an%ua%es o# Euro+e as @rst 0e<e&o+e0 in in t$e 15t$ centur")

,rance

German"

En%&an0

>ta&"

1B A conser<ati<e socia& #orce in ritain in t$e ear&" mo0ern +erio0 aime0 at )

maintainin% t$e soun0 s"stem

+reser<in% t$e status o# t$e eFistin% En%&is$ %rammar

e0ucatin% more +eo+&e

acuirin% more <ocabu&ar" #or En%&is$

18 is NOT a riter o# t$e ear&" mo0ern +erio0)

*o$n J"c&iKe

A&eFan0er Lo+e

(anie& (e#oe

Ji&&iam 6$aes+eare

19 T$e Iin% *ames ib&e sai0 to be a ma.or inuence on t$e 0e<e&o+ment o# En%&is$ as +ub&is$e0 in )

15B8

111

122

1BC1



2C T$e estab&is$ment o# +rintin% in 'on0on $ic$ ai0e0 t$e s+rea0 o# 6tan0ar0 En%&is$ too +&ace in )

15B

14B

145C

148

TMA Quiz Questions TMA: TMA2/ENG211Matric Number: NOU144288595ENG211 !istor" o# t$e En%&is$ 'an%ua%e(r) Oni *ose+$ine ,) -.oninoun)e0u)n%

1 T$e +art o# En%&an0 t$at contribute0 most to t$e 0e<e&o+ment o# 6tan0ar0 En%&is$ at t$e be%innin% o# 15t$7entur" as t$e 0istrict)

East Mi0&an0

Nort$Jest Mi0&an0Je&s$

2 T$e @rst inuence o# re&i%ion on En%&is$ came it$ t$e in<asion o# t$e )Germanic tribes3omans?iin%s,renc$

is NOT a #actor in t$e reestab&is$ment o# En%&is$ in En%&an0 in t$e 1t$ 7entur")$istor" an0 ora& tra0itionestab&is$e0 &iteratureuse o# En%&is$ in +o&itics an0 &aors o# GeoKre" 7$aucer

4 One o# t$e main #actors t$at mare0 t$e reestab&is$e0 En%&is$ in En%&an0 aroun0 12C4 A( is t$e )#a&& o# Norman0"0ec&ine o# 7e&tict$e rise o# t$e mi00&e c&asst$e Norman in<asion

5 One common #eature o# Germanic &an%ua%es inc&u0in% En%&is$ is t$e eFistence o# #u&& inectionsea an0 stron% stress +atternsscienti@c or0scommon +$onemes

T$e Mi00&e En%&is$ +erio0 be%an it$ t$e in<asion o# t$e ,renc$(anes3omansNormans

B is t$e most 0ominant inuence on t$e Mi00&e En%&is$ <ocabu&ar"),renc$O&0 En%&is$'atinAn%&o6aFon

8 is not a 0ia&ect o# t$e O&0 En%&is$)Nort$umbrianMercianIentis$



,risian

9 is not a riter o# t$e Mi00&e En%&is$ +erio0)GeoKre" 7$aucerJi&&iam 'an%&an0 *o$n J"c&iKeJi&&iam 6$aes+eare

1C T$e %rammar o# t$e O&0 En%&is$ too a#ter t$e %rammar)'atin,renc$GreeAn%&o6aFon

11 T$e o&0 En%&is$ +erio0 is a&so re#erre0 to as t$e +erio0 o# #u&& inectionstan0ar0 o# s+e&&in%%reat <oe& s$i#tne &eFica& items

12 >n t$e ear&" Mo0ern En%&is$ +erio0 t$e Mi0&an0 0ia&ect as s+oen in metro+o&is)OF#or0e&#astG&as%o'on0on

1 T$e Jest Germanic %rou+ 0e<e&o+e0 into mo0ern German an0 ot$ers E7ELT )(utc$,risian,renc$En%&is$

14 T$e im+act o# t$e 7e&tic &an%ua%e on mo0ern En%&is$ is main&" on)$uman names+&ace names,oo0 namesnames associate0 it$ re&i%ion

15 T$e Mi00&e En%&is$ +erio0 sa t$e intro0uction o# as t$e ocia& &an%ua%e o# En%&an0)

'atin,renc$En%&is$7e&tic

1 T$e sub.ect<erbob.ect -6?O or0 or0er +attern as estab&is$e0 0urin% t$e En%&is$ +erio0)O&0Mi00&eEar&" Mo0ernMo0ern

1B T$e @rst in$abitants o# En%&an0 s+oe )7e&ticEn%&is$7e&tsAn%&o6aFon

18 A more stab&e s"stem o# s+e&&in% $ic$ be%an to a++ear in t$e 15t$ centur" as attributab&e to t$e ors o# )6$aes+eareGo&0smit$7aFtonLoitiers

19 T$e &an%ua%e o# t$e *utes An%&es an0 6aFons $en t$e" in<a0e0 En%&an0 as )O&0 En%&is$7e&tic



An%&o6aFon,risian

2C ,or about 2CC "ears a#ter t$e Norman 7onuest as t$e &an%ua%e o# communication o# t$e u++er c&assin En%&an0)O&0 En%&is$,renc$An%&o6aFon'atin

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA/ENG211




1 One o# t$ose t$at as at t$e #ore#ront o# +uri#"in% t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e in t$e 18t$ centur" b" ritin% t$e boo ALro+osa& #or 7orrectin% >m+ro<in% an0 Ascertainin% t$e En%&is$ Ton%ue as )

Noam 7$oms"

Geor%e 7am+be&&

Pe&&i% !arris

*onat$an 6i#t

2 Anot$er name #or t$e %rammar t$at 0e<e&o+e0 in t$e 18t$ centur" En%&is$ &an%ua%e is )

Tra0itiona& %rammar

Trans#ormationa& Grammar

6tructura& Grammar

6"stemic Grammar

T$e to im+ortant t$in%s t$at it as be&ie<e0 t$at t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e &ace0 at t$is +erio0 ere )

+$onetics an0 +$ono&o%"

s"ntaF an0 semantics

stan0ar0 %rammar an0 a 0ictionar"

&eFicon an0 correct %rammar

4 Man" riters t$at trie0 to bui&0 t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e stan0ar0 usua&&" $a0 t$eir +re<ious trainin% in )

,renc$ an0 German



Gree an0 'atin

3ussian an0 Lo&is$

,renc$ an0 En%&is$

5 T$e ei%$teent$ centur" +erio0 in En%&is$ &iterature as usua&&" re#erre0 to as t$e )

*u&" A%e

Au%ustan A%e

Lrose A%e

(ramatic A%e

A ma.or &in cou&0 be #oun0 beteen &an%ua%e an0 because &in%uistic e&ements ten0 to in0icate a+articu&ar +erio0 o# e<ents an0 acti<ities in societ")

0e<e&o+ment

societ"

+o+u&ation increase

acce+tabi&it"

B One o# t$e main a"s t$e %rammarians o# t$e 18t$ centur" ent about t$eir business o# im+ro<in% t$e En%&is$&an%ua%e as to )

+rescribe ru&es o# usa%e

a&&o #ree0om o# usa%e

&ea<e +eo+&e to t$eir 0iscretion

s&a+ t$ose t$at use incorrect sentences

8 T$e main #ocus o# t$ose seein% #or stan0ar0 En%&is$ in t$e 18t$ centur" as a 0ri<e toar0s )

ritis$ En%&is$

s+oen ,renc$

'atinise0 #orms

correctness

9 EFam+&es use0 as stan0ar0 #or t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e b" t$e 18t$ centur" %rammarians ere usua&&" )

,renc$ an0 German

oruba an0 >%bo

'atin an0 Gree

'u%an0a an0 6a$i&i

1C T$e &an%ua%e t$at as re%ar0e0 as t$e stan0ar0 a%ainst $ic$ to measure &iterar" ors in t$e 18t$ centur"as

Greee

En%&is$

,renc$



'atin

11 6ome o# t$e %rammarians o# t$e 18t$ centur" t$at attem+te0 to stan0ar0ise t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e ere t$eseeFce+t )

(r) 3obert 'ot$

*o$n As$

*o$n Ja&&is

Lro#) Mic$ae& !a&&i0a"

12 On&" t$is statement as not t$e #ocus o# t$e 18t$ centur" En%&is$ %rammarians )

co0i@cation o# t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e

sett&in% 0is+ute0 +oints an0 0eci0in% on cases o# 0i<i0e0 usa%e

insu&tin% t$ose t$at 0isa%ree it$ t$eir +oint o# <ie

+ointin% out common errors o# usa%es an0 correctin% t$em as necessar"

1 T$e 18t$ centur" %rammarians ere actua&&" more intereste0 in a in0 o# %rammar)

0"namic

0eman0in%

inuisiti<e

static

14 T$e i0ea o# an En%&is$ Aca0em" ne<er came to rea&it" because it as +ercei<e0 b" t$e En%&is$ +eo+&e t$at&an%ua%es are usua&&" <er" )

static

0"namic

im+ossib&e to c$an%e

inaccessib&e

15 T$e boo t$at @rst +resente0 t$ese +rescri+tions on t$e usa%e o# t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e as )

6"ntactic 6tructures

Grammar o# t$e En%&is$ 'an%ua%e

En%&is$ Grammar

6"stemic ,unctiona& Grammar

1 T$e @rst riter o# a 0ictionar" o# En%&is$ as )

(r) *o$nson

(r) 6i#t

(r) Jebster

(r) 7aFton

1B T$e %rot$ o# science an0 ot$er areas o# $uman acti<it" %reat&" increase0 t$e o# En%&is$ in t$e19t$ centur")



$uman s+eaers

%rammatica&it"

correctness

&eFicon

18 One o# t$e t$in%s t$at inuence0 t$e 0e<e&o+ment o# t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e in En%&an0 inc&u0e )

t$e ors o# 6$aes+eare

JebsterRs ors

7o&eri0%eRs ors

A0am 6mit$Rs ors

19 T$e attem+t at ritin% a 0ictionar" o# t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e cou&0 be com+are0 to t$e or norma&&" 0one b" because it as an attem+t at stan0ar0isin% t$e &an%ua%e)

T$e 3o"a& 7ourt o# En%&an0

T$e 3o"a& 6ociet"

an Aca0em"

T$e Uni<ersit"

2C T$e @rst En%&is$ 0ictionar" as +ub&is$e0 in )

1BBC

15BB

155B

1B55

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA4/ENG211




1 T$e nee0 #or a 0ictionar" in En%&is$ in t$e 18t$ centur" as met b"

6i#t;s +ro+osa&

*o$nson;s 0ictionar"

Jebster;s 0ictionar"

6$ort;s 0ictionar"

2 is NOT an En%&is$ @rst &an%ua%e communit")

6out$ A#rica



7ana0a

U6A

Austra&ia

Jor0s suc$ as R,ri%i0aireR RI&eeneFR ReroFR or RPi++erR are eFam+&es o#

Lortmanteau or0s

7&i++e0 or0s

Tra0e names

7oina%es

4 T$ou%$ En%&is$ remaine0 t$e ocia& &an%ua%e in U%an0a Pambia Ma&ai an0 Ien"a 0urin% in0e+en0ence in t$eCs as use0 as t$e 'in%ua ,ranca)

Maori

A#riaans

6a$i&i

Tami&

5 Jor0s suc$ as Rb&ocbusterR R0i<ebombin%R an0 Rcras$ &an0in%R are associate0 it$ t$e

Jor&0 Jar >>

Jor&0 Jar >

3enaissance

'eFica& borroin%

as NOT a #ocus o# t$e 18t$ centur" %rammarians)

+rescribe a s"stem o# +ronunciation

set u+ ru&es an0 stan0ar0 #or En%&is$ usa%e

re@ne t$e &an%ua%e

@F t$e 0esire0 #orm +ermanent&"

B >n ritain t$e s+oen stan0ar0 <ariet" associate0 it$ e0ucate0 +eo+&e it$ a $i%$ 0e%ree o# con#ormit" to ru&esis non as

Je&s$

6cot

3ecei<e0 Lronunciation

!acne"e0 +ronunciation

8 6i#t;s +ro+osa& o# 1B12 sou%$t to

>ntro0uce 'atin stan0ar0s

7&eanse t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e

Lrotect ne <ocabu&ar"

Encoura%e En%&is$ riters



9 T$e @rst (ias+ora o# En%&is$ resu&te0 in t$e 0e<e&o+ment o# <arieties)

secon0 &an%ua%e

Li0%in

ne mot$er ton%ue

7reo&e

1C T$e rise o# +rescri+ti<e %rammar be%an substantia&&" it$ t$e ors o#

*o$n Ja&&is

*onat$an 6i#t

*ose+$ Lriest&"

3obert 'ot$

11 En%&is$ in t$e 7aribbean countries #unctions as

7reo&e

Ocia& &an%ua%e

,irst 'an%ua%e

,orei%n &an%ua%e

12 Jor0s &ie Ian%aroo an0 boomeran% are sai0 to ori%inate #rom

7ana0a

U6A

En%&an0

Austra&ia

1 A&& t$e o+tions are res+onsib&e #or s+eec$ <ariations in En%&is$ E7ELT

race

conteFt

0ia&ect

e0ucation

14 is not a #actor t$at $a0 some &in%uistic conseuences in Ne Pea&an0 En%&is$ in t$e 2Ct$ 7entur")

6tron% $istorica& re&ations$i+ it$ ritain

7o&onization b" ritain

(ee+ sense o# nationa& i0entit"

(ee+ sense o# nationa& i0entit"

15 is NOT a or0 creation +rocess t$at became i0es+rea0 in t$e 2Ct$ centur")

Acron"ms

Mnemonics

7&i++in%



&en0in%

1 En%&is$ is t$e secon0 &an%ua%e o# t$e L$i&i++ines $i&e is t$eir ocia& 'in%ua ,ranca)

,i&i+ino

Man0arin

7$inese

Tami&

1B is an eFam+&e o# a nonstan0ar0 <ariet" use0 most&" in in#orma& conteFts)

3L

6&an%

American En%&is$

Ni%erian En%&is$

18 T$e @rst si%ns o# t$e +ro%ress o# En%&is$ as a or&0 &an%ua%e be%an to mani#est toar0s t$e &atter +art o# t$e centur")

1t$

15t$

1Bt$

18t$

19 A 6im+&i@e0 6+e&&in% oar0 as estab&is$e0 in t$e Unite0 6tates in

1898

1915

195C

19C

2C 7on#usionR an0 R+an0emoniumR are eFam+&es o#

anton"ms

s"non"ms

$"+on"ms

$omo+$ones

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA1/ENG221




ENG221 >ntro0uction to 6"ntactic Mo0e&s


1 >n t$e most %enera& sense is s"non"mous it$ <ocabu&ar")

semantics

s"ntaF

&eFicon

mor+$o&o%"

2 J$at is t$e re&ations$i+ beteen to or0s t$at $a<e 0iKerent meanin%s an0 are s+e&&e0 0iKerent&" but are+ronounce0 t$e same a"S

!omon"m"

Lo&"sem"

6"non"m

!omo+$on"

re&ations$i+ $o&0s beteen or0s t$at are o++osite in meanin%)

7ontra0iction

Anton"m"

!omo+$on"

!"+on"m"

4 Mu&ti+&e meanin% a&so re#ers to

!"+on"m"

Lo&"sem"

6"non"m

!omo+$on"

5 7an > %et a cu+ o# aterR is an eFam+&e o# sentence)

im+erati<e

sub.uncti<e

0ec&arati<e

interro%ati<e

!o as "our eFamR is an eFam+&e o# sentence)

interro%ati<e

7on0itiona&

im+erati<e

>n0icati<e

B A sim+&e sentence contains main c&ause-s)



one

to

t$ree

zero

8 T$e minimum unit o# t$e %rammatica& $ierarc$" in Ta%memic T$eor" is

Ta%meme

'eFeme

L$oneme

Ta%neme

9 ,or t$e +$ono&o%ica& $ierarc$" o# an utterance t$e minimum unit is

+$onetics

+$oneme

+$one

+$ono&o%"

1C corre&ation is t$e combination o# c&ass an0 #unction)

+re0icatec&ass

Ob.ectc&ass

6&otc&ass

6ub.ectc&ass

11 re#er to t$e c&ass o# items $ic$ are %rammatica&&" acce+tab&e in eac$ s&ot)

?erb

Ob.ect

6ub.ect

,i&&ers

12 T$e s"ntactic +atterns $ic$ a &an%ua%e +ro<i0es #or are non as )

'eFicon

Lra%memes

6"nta%memes

L$onemes

1 3an 0e&icac" an0 eF+onence are )

6ca&es

T$eories

7ate%ories



6"stems

14 T$e &in beteen %rammar an0 &eFis is

L$ono&o%"

6emantics

Mor+$o&o%"

6"ntaF

15 T$e meanin%s o# &eFica& items are state0 in terms o#

semantics

conteFt o# situation

+ra%matics

con0ition o# use

1 T$e ta%memic &e<e& is simi&ar to !a&&i0a";s

structure

ran

s"stem

0e&icac"

1B J$ic$ o# t$e sca&es re&ates #orm to substanceS

3an

(e&icac"

Grammar

EF+onence

18 J$ic$ o# t$ese %a<e structura& %rammarian troub&e most in +ractica& ana&"sisS

Larts o# s+eec$

6emantics

6"ntaF

L$ono&o%"

19 T$e +$onemic +rinci+&e ori%inate0 #rom )

6tructura& %rammar

6"stemic %rammar

Tra0itiona& %rammar

Generati<e Grammar

2C 6tructura& &in%uistics ana&"ses &an%ua%e in &ine it$ #orm)

>nterna&

>nterme0iate



7onteFtua&

EFterna&

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA2/ENG221




1 6tructura&ists re.ect 0e@nitions base0 in +art on

meanin%

or0s

conce+ts

re#erence

2 T$e t$eor" t$at +ro+oun0s t$e i0ea t$at utterances can be ana&"se0 simu&taneous&" accor0in% to t$ree$ierarc$ies is ca&&e0 )

6"ntaF

Ta%memics

L$onetics

7ase Grammar

*) 3) ,irt$ as e&& non #or $is +ro+a%ation o# in $is a0<ocac" #or #unctiona& &in%uistics)

s"ntactic a++roac$es

+$ono&o%ica& ana&"sis

conteFt o# situation an0 +roso0ic ana&"sis

%rammatica& a++roac$es

4 T$e &in%uist t$at bui&t $is or on *) 3) ,irt$Rs &in%uistic +ostu&ations is )

Noam 7$oms"

'eonar0 &oom@e&0

,er0inan0 0e 6aussure

Mic$ae& !a&&i0a"

5 J$en one mo<es it$in one &e<e& o# ana&"sis u+ or 0on in a 0escri+tion one is sai0 to be mo<in% u+ or 0on t$e )

ran sca&e

%rammar sca&e



+arameters

cate%or"

Anot$er name #or t$e 6ca&e an0 7ate%or" Grammar is )

Generati<e Grammar

6"stemic Grammar

Tra0itiona& Grammar

6tructura& Grammar

B intro0uce0 t$e conce+t o# >mme0iate 7onstituent)

*) 3) ,irt$

M) A) I) !a&&i0a"

'eonar0 &oom@e&0

Noam 7$oms"

8 >mme0iate constituent ana&"sis cou&0 be re&ate0 to in Tra0itiona& Grammar)

sentence structure

+arts o# s+eec$

@%ures o# s+eec$

+arsin%

9 >mme0iate 7onstituent Ana&"sis cou&0 be ca&&e0 t$e base o# %rammatica& mo0e&)

Trans#ormationa& Generati<e Grammar

6"stemic Grammar

6tructura& Grammar

Tra0itiona& Grammar

1C >mme0iate 7onstituent Ana&"sis test #rame easi&" re<ea&s t$e En%&is$ s+eaers &in%uistic )

<ie o# &an%ua%e

s+oen En%&is$

usa%es

com+etence

11 T$e @rst ma.or constituent 0i<ision o# a sim+&e sentence in >mme0iate 7onstituent Ana&"sis re&ate0 to Tra0itiona&Grammar is )

sub.ect an0 +re0icate

noun an0 <erb

a0.ecti<e an0 a0<erb



sentence an0 +$rase

12 A ma.or stren%t$ o# t$e trans#ormationa& %enerati<e %rammar is its t$rust)

scienti@c

conceite0

acce+tab&e

socia&&" moti<ate0

1 6tructura& Grammar cou&0 be sai0 to be t$e @rst ma.or ste+ toar0s t$e stu0" o# &an%ua%e)

+rescri+ti<e

&in%uistic

scienti@c

emoti<e

14 6"nc$ronic &in%uistics sees &an%ua%e as )

a 0ea0 $o&e

mu&ti+&e $o&e

a #ra%mente0 enter+rise

a &i<in% $o&e

15 'an%ue an0 +aro&e ere terms intro0uce0 to t$e stu0" o# &an%ua%e b" )


Noam 7$oms"

Mic$ae& !a&&i0a"

'i&&ian !ae%eman

1 3e.ection o# meanin% as +art o# &in%uistic stu0" is a ma.or o# 6tructura& Grammar)

stren%t$

eaness

+rocess

use#u&ness

1B T$e L$rase 6tructure Grammar is t$e &e<e& &in%uistic eF+osition o# TGG b" Noam 7$oms")

@na&

@rst

secon0

t$ir0

18 7$oms"Rs Trans#ormationa& Generati<e Grammar is actua&&" a 0e<e&o+ment o# t$eoretica&obser<ations on &an%ua%e stu0")

M) A) I) !a&&i0a"




*) 3) ,irt$

Pe&&i% !arris

19 L$rase 6tructure Grammar cou&0 be c&assi@e0 as essentia&&" about a series o# )

rerite ru&es

re&ati<isation

+assi<isation

mo<e ru&e

2C One o# t$e s+eci@c t$in%s t$at L$rase 6tructure Grammar 0oes is to in0icate

t$e necessar" ru&es t$at can a++&"

t$e c$uns t$at can be combine0 to #orm constituents

t$e e&ements t$at mae u+ a +$rase

t$e &eFica& out+ut o# a structure

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA/ENG221




1 T$e &eFicon a&so re#ers to t$e

0ictionar"

&eFis

<ocabu&ar"

%rammar

2 J$ic$ com+onent caters #or $o sentences ma" be create0 on c$an%e0S

&in%uistic

semantic

+$ono&o%ica&

s"ntactic

is t$e stu0" o# soun0s t$at occur in a &an%ua%e)

+$onetics

+$ono&o%"



soun0

ru&e

4 T$e sma&&est meanin%#u& unit o# %rammatica& 0escri+tion is)

L$oneme

Mor+$eme

6"&&ab&e

L$one

5 T$e no&e0%e a s+eaer $is about $is &an%ua%e is terme0

in#ormation

%rammar

com+etence

&eFicon

6entences t$at soun0 correct to t$e nati<e s+eaer are

ambi%uous

meanin%#u&

%rammatica&

com+etent

B T$e abi&it" o# t$e %rammar o# a &an%ua%e to 0e<ise ru&es $ic$ +ro.ect #rom @nite obser<e0 materia&s to an in@niteset o# sentences is non as +oer)

+re0icti<e

a0euate

0escri+ti<e

trans#ormation

8 Mo0ern %rammatica& stu0ies em+$asize accurac")

+rescri+ti<e

0escri+ti<e

0ec isi<e

acce+tab&e

9 ># a or0 is 0e@ne0 base0 on our un0erstan0in% o# t$e re&ations$i+ o# t$e or0 to t$e actua& rea&or&0+$enomena re+resente0 b" t$e or0 suc$ a 0e@nition is )

attention

notiona&

#orma&

s"nt$ectic



1C T$e c&ass o# or0 t$at is &imite0 in number an0 its members$i+ c$an%es on&" <er" s&o&" is )

c&ose0

@nite

non@nite

s"stemic

11 maes an assertion or in0icates action or bein%)

+$rase

noun

<erb

co+u&a

12 An mo0i@es a noun)

a0<erb

a0.ecti<e

a0.unct

auFi&&iar"

1 A or0 t$at .oins ot$er +arts o# s+eec$ is a )

0is.unct

a0.unct

con.unct

con.unction

14 A <erb is mo0i@e0 b" )

a +re+osition

a +ronoun

an auFi&&iar"

an a0<erb

15 means t$e 0escri+tion o# sentences an0 or0 %i<in% names to t$e %rammatica& cate%ories o#<arious e&ements)

+arsin%

+a00in%

s"nt$esis

ana&"sis

1 J$ic$ o# t$e +arts o# s+eec$ cannot be +arse0 in re&ation to t$e +art it +&a"s in t$e bui&0in% o# a sentenceS



inter.ection

con.unction

+re+osition

+ronoun

1B J$at is t$e +rocess o# &inin% e&ements to%et$er b" +&acn% t$em in seuence to #orm strin%sS

ana&"sis

s"nt$esis

concatenation

+arsin%

18 An or0ere0 arran%ements o# +arts is ca&&e0 )

s"ntaF

s"nta%m

mor+$eme

+$oneme

19 >n tra0itiona& %rammar meanin% is eit$er &eFica& or )

ana&"tica&

s"nt$etic

%rammatica&

s"ntactic

2C Nouns an0 ot$er nomina&s are )

com+&ement

ob.ects

substanti<es

sub.ects

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA4/ENG221




1 T$e e<o&ution o# &an%ua%e #a&&s un0er &in%uistics)



(iac$ronic

6"nc$ronic

6"nt$etic

Ana&"tics

2 T$e eui<a&ence o# +aro&e in 7$oms"an notion is

Trace

Ler#ormance

7om+etence

Mo<ement

6tructura& Grammar maes eFactness a met$o0o&o%ica& reuirements an0 insists t$at a&& 0e@nitions be <eri@ab&eor re#utab&e +ub&ic&" so it is

?a%ue

Arti@cia&

Em+irica&

,ormu&aic

4 A %rammar $ic$ can %enerate an in@nite number o# sentences #rom a @nite amount o# a++aratus is a %rammar)

6"stemic

Non@nite

,inite

,initestate

5 J$ic$ o# t$e #o&&oin% is a series o# rerite ru&esS

L$rase structure %rammar

>mme0iate constituent %rammar

6"stemic %rammar

Ta%ememic %rammar

An asteris +&ace0 be#ore a sentence s$os t$at sentence is

#ae

ambi%uous

un%rammatica&

%rammatica&

B (et stan0s #or

0eterminant



0eterminer

0enta&

0etermine

8 T$e or0er in $ic$ t$e u&timate constituents o# a sentence occur re&ati<e to one anot$er is terme0 structure)

(ee+

'inear

6ur#ace

asic

9 A set o# sim+&e 0ec&arati<e acti<e sentences is ca&&e0 sentences)

asic

Ierne&

(eri<e0

Nati<e

1C 7on.oinin% an0 embe00in% eFem+&i#" trans#ormations)

Genera&ize0

6+eci@c

(ee+

6ur#ace

11 (eri<e0 +$rase marer re+resent t$e o# a sentence)

6ur#ace

(ee+

6u+er@cia&

>nitia&

12 (eri<ation o# t$e meanin% o# a sentence is t$rou%$ t$e ru&es o# inter+retation)

L$ono&o%ica&

L$onetic

6emantic

'o%ica&

1 T$e &e#tmost NL $ic$ is imme0iate&" 0ominate0 b" -t$e to+most 6 in t$e sur#ace structure is ca&&e0 sub.ect)

,ina&

'o%ica&

>nitia&

Grammatica&



14 %rammar +ro0uces termina& strin%s)

6"ntactic

Ta%memic

L$rase6tructure

6entence 6tructure

15 T$e com+onent rerites sentences into +ro+er seuence o# +$onemes)

L$ono&o%ica&

L$onetics

L$onemic

Mor+$o+$onemic

1 J$ic$ o# t$ese #ocuses #eatures an0 c$aracteristics common to a&& &an%ua%esS

Ta%memic %rammar

6"stemic %rammar

6tructura& %rammar

Trans#ormationa& %rammar

1B T$e s+eaer;s actua& use o# t$e no&e0%e o# t$e &an%ua%e $ic$ $e $as is ca&&e0

Ler#ormance

7om+etence

7onteFt

'an%ua%e

18 One o# t$e #o&&oin% is use0 in s"ntactic ana&"sis)

&en0in%

Tree 0ia%ram

Tree cu+

Marin%

19 J$ic$ o# t$ese is not #urt$er ana&"zab&e at t$e s"ntactic &e<e&S

U&timate constituents

L$rases

7&auses

6entences

2C T$e ri%$t #acin% arro V means in s"ntactic ana&"sis)

oun0ar"

Go to



Arro

3erite

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA1/ENG22


ENG22 A0<ance0 En%&is$ 7om+osition 1


1 T$e core +art o# a or0 is usua&&" t$e WWWWo# t$e or0)

base

+re@F

suF

aF

2 T$e use o# +$rasa& <erbs s$ou&0 be WWWWW)b" an"one $o is$es to rite e&&

cu&ti<ate0

a<oi0e0

0iscar0e0

anni$i&ate0

T$e to+ic XJomen are better &ea0ersX is an eFam+&e o# WW))

eF+ositor" essa"

narrati<e essa"

ar%umentati<e essa"

re+ositor" essa"

4 J$en a combination o# or0s is contro&&e0 b" t$eir @e&0 o# re#erence it is non asWWWWWW)

a +oint o# re#erence

an i0iom

an un@Fe0 co&&ocation

a @Fe0 co&&ocation

5 A @Fe0 co&&ocation $en use0 in En%&is$ be$a<es &ieWWWWW)

a sentence

an in0i<i0ua& or0

a c&ause

a +ro<erb)



T$e c$an%es t$at occur in or0s ma" mae t$eir meanin%s s$rin eF+an0 or e<en WWW)

e&on%ate0

b&oate0

esca<ate0

0iscar0e0

B >t $as been obser<e0 t$at WWWWWWWWW

t$ere is no &o%ica& &in beteen or0s an0 $at t$e" stan0 #or

t$e &in beteen or0s an0 $at t$e" stan0 #or is <er" minima&

t$e &in beteen or0s an0 t$eir re+resentation is more rea& t$an ima%ine0)

most En%&is$ or0s 0eri<e t$eir meanin% #rom abstract terms)

8 T$e &ar%est unit o# a ritten com+osition is t$e WWWWW)) )

sentence

c&ause

+ara%ra+$

or0

9 J$en ritin% it is im+ortant to remember not to misuse or +unctuation mars)

a<oi0

o<eruse

i%nore

omit

1C J$en usin% eit$er sin%&e or 0oub&e uotation mars in "our or remember to be WWWWWWW

care#u&&

consistent

conscientious

eFtem+oraneous

11 J$en "ou rite Xinor0erX instea0 o# X>n or0erX "ou $a<e ma0e an error ca&&e0 XWWWWWWWWWWWW)X)

concor0 an0 a%reement

ron% trans+osition

ron% +ara&&e& structures

#au&t" ama&%amation

12 A %oo0 un0erstan0in% o# t$e tit&e o# "our essa" can $e&+ "ou +re+are "our WWWWWe&&)

conc&usion

ar%uments

intro0uction



ana&"sis

1 A stu0ent is ab&e to reca&& $at s/$e $as rea0 t$rou%$ ))))))))))))

note tain%

memorisin%

crammin%

0ra#tin%

14 >t is necessar" to rite &e%ib&e to mae "our or ))))))))))))))))

inaccessib&e

accessib&e

co$erent

inco$erent

15 6$e %o to sc$oo& e<er"0a"R is an error o# ))))))))))))))

misuse o# mo0a&

ron% tense

ambi%uit"

omission o# artic&e

1 >n X T$e %ran0mot$er to&0 t$e c$i&0ren a stor"X R a stor"R is )))))))))))

in0irect ob.ect

0irect ob.ect

sub.ect o# sentence

+ronomina& re#erence

1B >n X6$e is %oo0X R%oo0R is WW))

ob.ect com+&ement

sub.ect com+&ement

+re0icator

a0<erbia&

18 T$ere is too man" sa&t in t$e #oo0R contains an error o# ))))))))))))

countab&e noun

uncountab&e noun

uanti@er

misuse o# mo0a&

19 J$en t$e +re0icator comes be#ore t$e sub.ect t$e mo<ement resu&ts in t$e #ormation o# ))WW)

a 0ec&arati<e sentence

an im+erati<e sentence



an eFc&amator" sentence

an interro%ati<e sentence

2C > am more beauti#u& t$an WW)))))

$im

$er

t$em

t$e"

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA2/ENG22




1 is an eFam+&e o# +ro+er noun)

%ir&

%oat

man"

Mi&o

2 T$e sentence R!aruna c$ase0 t$e t$ie# $en $e si%$te0 $imR is a

sim+&e sentence

com+oun0 sentence

com+&eF sentence

com+oun0 com+&eF sentence

T$e sentence R*anet met $er $usban0 R is a

sim+&e

com+oun0

com+&eF

com+oun0 com+&eF

4 T$e sentence RT$e muscians +&a"e0 t$eir instruments an0 t$e +eo+&e 0ance0 to t$e musicR is a sentence

sim+&e

com+oun0

com+&eF

com+oun0 com+&eF



5 T$e sentence RT$e muscians +&a"e0 t$eir instrumentsR is a sentence

sim+&e

com+oun0

com+&eF

com+oun0 com+&eF

T$e o&0 man $as ee &amb)

a

an

muc$

+&ent"

B > $a<e Euro+ean #rien0)

a

an

man"

muc$

8 Lronouns be&on% to c&ass)

a c&ose0

an o+en

an o+enc&ose0

a c&ose0o+en

9 A&& t$at %&itters not %o&0)

are

is

as

ere

1C is an ob&i%ator" e&ement in a t"+ica& En%&is$ sentence structure

?erb

A0<erbia&

Lre+osition

7on.unction

11 6ourR oran%es an0 RrottenR e%%s are eFam+&es o#

@Fe0 co&&ocation

c&ic$e

un@Fe0 co&&ocation



i0iom

12 T$e" are m" it$ an0 inR is an eFam+&e o# a

@Fe0 co&&ocation

c&ic$e

un@Fe0 co&&ocation

i0iom

1 A&& t$in%s bein% eua&R is an eFam+&e o# a

@Fe0 co&&ocation

c&ic$e

un@Fe0 co&&ocation

i0iom

14 3e<isin% "our or $e&+s "ou to c$ec #or a&& eFce+t one o# t$e #o&&oin%

s+e&&in% errors

%rammatica& errors

+unctuation errors

+ronunciation errors

15 One o# t$e #o&&oin% 0escribes t$e strate%" o# bui&0in% "our to+ic in essa" ritin%

$e&+s "ou remember t$e e" +oints o# "our essa"

$e&+s "ou structure t$e e" +oints o# "our essa" into +ara%ra+$s

$e&+s "ou brea 0on "our tit&e#or better un0erstan0in%

$e&+s "ou 0e<e&o+ i0eas #or "our essa"

1 One o# t$e #o&&oin% 0escribes t$e strate%" o# or%anisin% in essa" ritin%





1B One o# t$e #o&&oin% 0escribes t$e strate%" o# ana&"sin% in essa" ritin%





18 One o# t$e #o&&oin% 0escribes t$e strate%" o# Note tain% in essa" ritin%







19 T$e main aim o# com+osition ritin% is

abi&it" to use En%&is$ as a means o# communication

abi&it" to rite eKecti<e&" in En%&is$

abi&it" to communicate eKecti<e&" in En%&is$

abi&it" to use En%&is$ as an eKecti<e means o# communication in s+eci@c situations

2C T$e @rst sta%e o# essa" ritin% is

Note tain%

+&annin%

or%anisin%

se&ectin% a to+ic

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA/ENG22




1 A or0 t$at $as &ost its meanin% as a resu&t o# o<eruse is non as)))))))))

meta+$or

c&ic$e

ana+$ora

e&&i+sis

2 (isR in R0isre%ar0R is a/an ))))))))))

in@F



aF

+re@F

suF

E0R in R&au%$e0R is a/an ))))))))))))

in@F

aF

+re@F

suF

4 6R in Restab&is$mentsR is a/an )))))))))))

+re@F

suF

in@F

aF

5 >n Rsecon0$an0R t$e base is ))))))))))

secon0

$an0

con0

secon0$an0

>n Ynbearab&eR t$e base is ))))))))))))

un

ab&e

bear

unbearab&e

B T$e or0 RbiroR ori%inates #rom ))))))))))

>ta&"

!un%ar"

MeFico

Ni%eria

8 T$e or0 R%uazeR ori%inates #rom ))))))))

>ta&"

Gera

Gaza

ritain

9 ouuetR ori%inates #rom ))))))))))



MeFico

,rance

6ca0ina<ia

u&%aria

1C orroin% resu&ts #rom ))))))))))))

&an%ua%e se+aration

&an%ua%e contact

&an%ua%e a&ma%amation

&an%ua%e marria%e

11 >0enti#" $at t"+e o# co&&ocation eac$ o# t$e sentences be&o be&on%s to: 6ta&e brea0

#ree

@Fe0

boun0

&oose

12 >0enti#" $at t"+e o# co&&ocation eac$ o# t$e sentences be&o be&on%s to: Main% a mountain out o# a mo&e $i&&

#ree

@Fe0

boun0

&oose

1 >n a sentence t$e sub.ect is usua&&" ))))))))))

noun/a0<erb

noun/a0.ecti<e

noun/+re+osition

noun/+ronoun

14 >n t$e sentence RT$e %ir& s+oe uent&"R Ruent&"R is ))))))))))))

an a0.ecti<e

an a0<erb

a noun

a con.unction

15 >n t$e sentence R6$e is #rien0&"R R#rien0&"R is ))))))))))

an a0.ecti<e

an a0<erb

a noun



a con.unction

1 >n t$e sentence RT$e" o#ten %o $ome ear&"R Ro#tenR is ))))))))))))

an a0.ecti<e

an a0<erb

a noun

a con.unction

1B 6itR is a )))))))))))))))))

sim+&e sentence

com+&eF sentence

com+oun0 sentence

com+ouncom+&eF sentence

18 >n t$e sentence R> bou%$t a tin o# Mi&o #rom t$e maretR t$e +ro+er noun is ))))))))))))

tin

maret

Mi&o

bou%$t

19 6e&ect t$e a++ro+riate +unctuation mar in0icate0 - in t$is sentence: No one 0ie0 in t$e acci0ent - on&" t$e0ri<er sustaine0 minor in.uries

6emico&on

7o&on

(as$

racet

2C 6e&ect t$e a++ro+riate +unctuation mar in0icate0 - in t$is sentence: T$ere are 12 oce s+aces in t$e bui&0in%- siF u+stairs an0 siF 0onstairs

6emico&on

7o&on

(as$

racet

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA4/ENG22






1 )))))))))) %i<es our ritin% meanin%#u& inter+retation)

7oncor0

Lunctuation

Larts o# s+eec$

Meta+$or

2 T$e use o# +$rasa& <erbs s$ou&0 be WWWWW)b" an"one $o is$es to rite e&&

cu&ti<ate0

a<oi0e0

0iscar0e0

anni$i&ate0

(is+ose0 o#R is an eFam+&e o# )))))))))))

<erb +$rase

+re+ositiona& +$rase

+$rasa& <erb

con.unction

4 J$en a combination o# or0s is contro&&e0 b" t$eir @e&0 o# re#erence it is non asWWWWWW)

a +oint o# re#erence

an i0iom

an un@Fe0 co&&ocation

a @Fe0 co&&ocation

5 A @Fe0 co&&ocation $en use0 in En%&is$ be$a<es &ieWWWWW)

a sentence

an in0i<i0ua& or0

a c&ause

a +ro<erb)

T$e c$an%es t$at occur in or0s ma" mae t$eir meanin%s s$rin eF+an0 or e<en WWW)

e&on%ate0

b&oate0

esca<ate0

0iscar0e0

B >t $as been obser<e0 t$at WWWWWWWWW

t$ere is no &o%ica& &in beteen or0s an0 $at t$e" stan0 #or

t$e &in beteen or0s an0 $at t$e" stan0 #or is <er" minima&

t$e &in beteen or0s an0 t$eir re+resentation is more rea& t$an ima%ine0)



most En%&is$ or0s 0eri<e t$eir meanin% #rom abstract terms)

8 T$e &ar%est unit o# a ritten com+osition is t$e WWWWW)) )

sentence

c&ause

+ara%ra+$

or0

9 J$en ritin% it is im+ortant to remember not to misuse or ))))))))))))) +unctuation mars)

a<oi0

o<eruse

i%nore

omit

1C One s$ou&0 be )))))))))) >n oneRs use o# sin%&e or 0oub&e uotation mars)

consitent

care#u&

conscientious

eFtem+oraneous

11 T$e bo" stoo0 u+ an0 &e#tR is an eFam+&e o# )))))))))))))))

sim+&e sentence

com+oun0 sentence

com+&eF sentence


12 > .um+e0 $en > $ear0 t$e nesR is an eFam+&e o# )))))))))))))))

sim+&e sentence

com+oun0 sentence

com+&eF sentence


1 6$e .um+e0 an0 s$oute0 $en s$e $ear0 s$e %ot a sc$o&ars$i+R is an eFam+&e o# )))))))))))))

sim+&e sentence

com+oun0 sentence

com+&eF sentence


14 J$en e &isten to a &ecture an0 rite 0on im+ortant +ointse are WWWWW) )



tain% notes

main% notes

ritin% 0on notes

com+osin% notes

15 WWWW)is $at e 0o $en e rea0 an0 .ots 0on im+ortant +oints #rom $at e $a<e rea0)

Notetain%

Notemain%

Note+&annin%

Note.ottin%

1 A com+oun0 sentence is usua&&" #orme0 b" t$e con.unction )))))))))))

because

$en

an0

i#

1B >n<a&uab&eR means to be )))))))))

ort$&ess

<a&ue&ess

use&ess

+rice&ess

18 T$e s+eci@c in0s o# materia&s an0 resources "ou i&& nee0 to rite "our com+osition is o#ten 0etermine0 b""ourWWW

to+ic

0e+t$ o# +&annin%

$o creati<e "ou are

t$e time "ou c$oose to rite)

19 WWWW))) is a <er" im+ortant sta%e in com+osition ritin%)

7&ari@cations

L&annin%

Jritin% uic&"

T$inin% o<er t$e to+ic in t$e secon0 +ara%ra+$ o# t$e com+osition

2C T$e basic sim+&e sentence +atterns in En%&is$ are ))))))))))))

#our

siF

to



nine

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA1/ENG241


ENG241 >ntro0uction to L$onetics Z L$ono&o%" o# En%&is$

M3) >"ere T) O) -ti"erenoun)e0u)n%

1 To ma.or com+onents o# &an%ua%e are)

$i%$ an0 &o

s+eec$ an0 ritin%

%oo0 an0 ba0

sim+&e an0 com+&eF

2 >n t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e &etters an0 soun0s 0o not usua&&" )

a%ree

use0

corres+on0

occur

T$e most basic o# &an%ua%e use is t$e me0ium)

ritten

tacti&e

aura&

<isua&

4 L$onetics an0 +$ono&o%" norma&&" stu0ies 0ata #rom &an%ua%e)

su+er@cia&

natura&

arti@cia&

im+ortant

5 Arbitrariness an0 con<entiona&it" are some o# t$e o# &an%ua%e)

#eatures

+rob&ems

unre&iabi&it"

innateness

T$e <oca& tract cou&0 be 0escribe0 as t$e )

s+eec$ +ro0uction +assa%e



#oo0 intae +assa%e

<oca& cor0s +assa%e

u<u&a +assa%e

B /0/ /n/ /</ cou&0 be 0escribe0 as:

ora& soun0s

<oice0 soun0s

nasa& soun0s

a&<eo&ar soun0s

8 /+/ /b/ /m/ cou&0 be 0escribe0 as:

nasa& soun0s

ora& soun0s

<oice&ess soun0s

bi&abia& soun0s

9 Anot$er name #or soun0 +ro0uction is:

soun0 re&ease

soun0 s"stem

soun0 articu&ation

soun0 re+ro0uction

1C J$en t$ere is a <ibration in t$e <oca& cor0s t$e resu&tant soun0 is usua&&" )

minute

<oice0

<oice&ess

&ou0

11 T$e +&ace $ere soun0 +ro0uction is usua&&" initiate0 is )

&un%s

mout$

%&ottis

<oca& cor0s

12 T$e acuisition o# a @rst &an%ua%e cou&0 be 0escribe0 as usua&&" )

0icu&t

serious

#reuent

eKort&ess

1 6+eec$ soun0s cou&0 be 0escribe0 as t$e )



%ra+$ic substance o# a &an%ua%e

+$onic substance o# a &an%ua%e

tacti&e substance o# a &an%ua%e

<isua& substance o# a &an%ua%e

14 WWWWW) branc$ o# +$onetic stu0" i&& %i<e t$e in#ormation about t$e +&ace an0 manner in $ic$ a soun0 is+ro0uce0)

articu&ator"

acoustic

au0itor"

<isionar"

15 Au0itor" +$onetics usua&&" #ocus on t$e

s+eaer

riter

$earer

rea0er

1 L$"sica& rea&isation o# soun0s is t$e concern o# )

+$ono&o%"

+$onetics

s"ntaF

be$a<iour

1B L$onetics cou&0 best be 0escribe0 as t$e one t$at +ro<i0es #or +$ono&o%ica& ana&"sis

ra materia&s

0eterminant issues

basic stu0ies

im+ortant &e<era%e

18 T$e 0escri+tion o# t$e be$a<ioura& +atterns o# soun0s it$in a +articu&ar conteFt o# t$eir occurence is 0escribe0as )

+$onetics

+$ono&o%"

s"ntaF

semantics

19 T$ree ma.or branc$es o# +$onetics inc&u0e:

ritin% an0 rea0in% +$onetics

articu&ator" au0itor" acoustics +$onetics



articu&ation au0itor" +$onetics

acoustic au0itor" articu&ator" +$onetics

2C Natura& &an%ua%e cou&0 be 0escribe0 as t$e &an%ua%e t$at )

Ni%erians use

ritons use

$uman bein%s use

mac$ines use

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA2/ENG241




1 To ma.or com+onents o# &an%ua%e are)

$i%$ an0 &o

s+eec$ an0 ritin%

%oo0 an0 ba0

sim+&e an0 com+&eF

2 >n t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e &etters an0 soun0s 0o not usua&&" )

a%ree

use0

corres+on0

occur

T$e most basic o# &an%ua%e use is t$e me0ium)

ritten

tacti&e

aura&

<isua&

4 L$onetics an0 +$ono&o%" norma&&" stu0ies 0ata #rom &an%ua%e)

su+er@cia&

natura&

arti@cia&

im+ortant



5 Arbitrariness an0 con<entiona&it" are some o# t$e o# &an%ua%e)

#eatures

+rob&ems

unre&iabi&it"

innateness

T$e <oca& tract cou&0 be 0escribe0 as t$e )

s+eec$ +ro0uction +assa%e

#oo0 intae +assa%e

<oca& cor0s +assa%e

u<u&a +assa%e

B /0/ /n/ /</ cou&0 be 0escribe0 as:

ora& soun0s

<oice0 soun0s

nasa& soun0s

a&<eo&ar soun0s

8 /+/ /b/ /m/ cou&0 be 0escribe0 as:

nasa& soun0s

ora& soun0s

<oice&ess soun0s

bi&abia& soun0s

9 Anot$er name #or soun0 +ro0uction is:

soun0 re&ease

soun0 s"stem

soun0 articu&ation

soun0 re+ro0uction

1C J$en t$ere is a <ibration in t$e <oca& cor0s t$e resu&tant soun0 is usua&&" )

minute

<oice0

<oice&ess

&ou0

11 T$e +&ace $ere soun0 +ro0uction is usua&&" initiate0 is )

&un%s

mout$

%&ottis



<oca& cor0s

12 T$e acuisition o# a @rst &an%ua%e cou&0 be 0escribe0 as usua&&" )

0icu&t

serious

#reuent

eKort&ess

1 6+eec$ soun0s cou&0 be 0escribe0 as t$e )

%ra+$ic substance o# a &an%ua%e

+$onic substance o# a &an%ua%e

tacti&e substance o# a &an%ua%e

<isua& substance o# a &an%ua%e

14 WWWWW) branc$ o# +$onetic stu0" i&& %i<e t$e in#ormation about t$e +&ace an0 manner in $ic$ a soun0 is+ro0uce0)

articu&ator"

acoustic

au0itor"

<isionar"

15 Au0itor" +$onetics usua&&" #ocus on t$e

s+eaer

riter

$earer

rea0er

1 L$"sica& rea&isation o# soun0s is t$e concern o# )

+$ono&o%"

+$onetics

s"ntaF

be$a<iour

1B L$onetics cou&0 best be 0escribe0 as t$e one t$at +ro<i0es #or +$ono&o%ica& ana&"sis

ra materia&s

0eterminant issues

basic stu0ies

im+ortant &e<era%e

18 T$e 0escri+tion o# t$e be$a<ioura& +atterns o# soun0s it$in a +articu&ar conteFt o# t$eir occurence is 0escribe0as )

+$onetics



+$ono&o%"

s"ntaF

semantics

19 T$ree ma.or branc$es o# +$onetics inc&u0e:

ritin% an0 rea0in% +$onetics

articu&ator" au0itor" acoustics +$onetics

articu&ation au0itor" +$onetics

acoustic au0itor" articu&ator" +$onetics

2C Natura& &an%ua%e cou&0 be 0escribe0 as t$e &an%ua%e t$at )

Ni%erians use

ritons use

$uman bein%s use

mac$ines use

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA/ENG241




1 Nasa& soun0s are so ca&&e0 because t$eir route o# comin% out o# t$e <oca& tract in t$e s+eec$ +ro0uction +rocessis t$rou%$ t$e )

&un%s

nostri&s

mout$

ears

2 T$e centra& <oe&s o# En%&is$ inc&u0e t$e #o&&oin%:

/[ e a:/

/\ ] ]:/

/[ ]: u/

/\ e ]/

T$e &on% <oe&s o# En%&is$ are a&& t$ese:

/i: ^: _: u: ]:/

/a e u i o/



/i: u: e: o: `/

/[: ^: u: \ i:/

4 Gi<e to soun0s in En%&is$ t$at "ou ma" ca&& &iui0s)

/# </

/m n/

/& /

/& r/

5 La&atoa&<eo&ar soun0s in En%&is$ inc&u0e:

/n m b/

/ t 0 #/

/ d/

/ d t 0/

One im+ortant #eature o# #ricati<e soun0s in En%&is$ is t$at t$e airstream norma&&" esca+es beteen t$earticu&ators it$ noticeab&e )

eFibi&it"

0eFterit"

$issin% soun0

#orce

B RA&<eo&ar0enta&&abia&+a&ata&R are a&& terms use0 to 0etermine a soun0Rs in t$e +rocess o# articu&ation)

+&ace o# articu&ation

source o# air stream

obstruction o# t$e airstream

manner o# articu&ation

8 T$e term R0oub&e soun0R use0 in t$e &abe&&in% o# some En%&is$ soun0s is a borroin% #rom t$e &an%ua%e)

,renc$

'atin

An%&o6aFon

Gree

9 T$e terms R+&osi<e #ricati<e nasa&R are use0 to 0escribe t$e in t$e articu&ator" +rocess)



0uration o# articu&ation

source o# articu&ation



1C 7&ose #ront unroun0e0 <oe& actua&&" 0escribes:

/e/

/u/

/i:/

/^/

11 T$e %ra+$ica& re+resentation o# t$e consonant soun0s o# t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e in t$is course is 0escribe0as)

En%&is$ 7onsonant Gra+$

En%&is$ 7onsonant 7$arts

En%&is$ 7onsonant 7$art

En%&is$ 7onsonant Gra+$ic

12 ?oice&ess soun0s are create0 t$rou%$ t$e )

#ree o o# air t$rou%$ t$e <oca& cor0s

<ibration o# t$e &i+s

<ibration o# t$e <oca& cor0s

obstruction o# t$e <oca& cor0s

1 T$e soun0 /$/ is usua&&" 0escribe0 as:

<oice&ess %&otta& #ricati<e

<oice0 %&otta& #ricati<e

<oice&ess <e&ar #ricati<e

<oice0 <e&ar #ricati<e

14 A soun0 0escribe0 as a <oice&ess bi&abia& +&osi<e in En%&is$ is usua&&" re+resente0 b" s"mbo&)

/m/

//

/b/

/+/

15 T$e #o&&oin% soun0s o# En%&is$ /]u/ /i]/ /u]/ /au/ /ai/ /ei/ /_i/ are usua&&" re#erre0 to as )

monot$on%s

0i+$t$on%s

tri+$t$on%s

0i+t$on%s

T$e #o&&oin% or0s Rbrea0 rea0 &e0 s$e0 men0 tent sai0R a&& $a<e t$is soun0 in common)



/a/

/n/

/e/

/i/

1B Essentia&&" t$e source o# t$e air stream use0 #or t$e +ro0uction o# t$e En%&is$ soun0s is basica&&" #rom )

mout$

+$ar"nF

&un%s

&ar"nF

18 EFam+&es o# or0s t$at contain t$is soun0 /]u/ inc&u0e:

+$onetics

#ait$#u&

son

co

19 T$is soun0 /a:/ can be #oun0 in t$e #o&&oin% or0s:

bat rat cat

#at$er bar0 $eart

man can #an

s$irt bir0 #at

2C 6uc$ &etters as R+$R R#R RKRR%$R R#eR are use0 to re+resent t$e soun0:

/#/

/%/

/+/

/0/

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA4/ENG241




1 Nasa& soun0s are so ca&&e0 because t$eir route o# comin% out o# t$e <oca& tract in t$e s+eec$ +ro0uction +rocessis t$rou%$ t$e )

&un%s



nostri&s

mout$

ears

2 T$e centra& <oe&s o# En%&is$ inc&u0e t$e #o&&oin%:

/[ e a:/

/\ ] ]:/

/[ ]: u/

/\ e ]/

T$e &on% <oe&s o# En%&is$ are a&& t$ese:

/i: ^: _: u: ]:/

/a e u i o/

/i: u: e: o: ]:/

/[: ^: u: \ i:/

4 Gi<e to soun0s in En%&is$ t$at "ou ma" ca&& &iui0s)

/# </

/m n/

/& /

/& r/

5 La&atoa&<eo&ar soun0s in En%&is$ inc&u0e:

/n m b/

/ t 0 #/

/ d/

/ d t 0/

One im+ortant #eature o# #ricati<e soun0s in En%&is$ is t$at t$e airstream norma&&" esca+es beteen t$earticu&ators it$ noceab&e )

eFibi&it"

0eFterit"

$issin% soun0

#orce

B RA&<eo&ar0enta&&abia&+a&ata&R are a&& terms use0 to 0etermine a soun0Rs in t$e +rocess o# articu&ation)


source o# air stream

obstruction o# t$e airstream




8 T$e term R0oub&e soun0R use0 in t$e &abe&&in% o# some En%&is$ soun0s is a borroin% #rom t$e &an%ua%e)

,renc$

'atin

An%&o6aFon

Gree

9 T$e terms R+&osi<e #ricati<e nasa&R are use0 to 0escribe t$e in t$e articu&ator" +rocess)



0uration o# articu&ation

source o# articu&ation

1C 7&ose #ront unroun0e0 <oe& actua&&" 0escribes:

/e/

/u/

/i:/

/^/

11 T$e %ra+$ica& re+resentation o# t$e consonant soun0s o# t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e in t$is course is 0escribe0as)

En%&is$ 7onsonant Gra+$

En%&is$ 7onsonant 7$arts

En%&is$ 7onsonant 7$art

En%&is$ 7onsonant Gra+$ic

12 ?oice&ess soun0s are create0 t$rou%$ t$e )

#ree o o# air t$rou%$ t$e <oca& cor0s

<ibration o# t$e &i+s

<ibration o# t$e <oca& cor0s

obstruction o# t$e <oca& cor0s

1 T$e soun0 /$/ is usua&&" 0escribe0 as:

<oice&ess %&otta& #ricati<e

<oice0 %&otta& #ricati<e

<oice&ess <e&ar #ricati<e

<oice0 <e&ar #ricati<e

14 A soun0 0escribe0 as a <oice&ess bi&abia& +&osi<e in En%&is$ is usua&&" re+resente0 b" s"mbo&)

/m/



//

/b/

/+/

15 T$e #o&&oin% soun0s o# En%&is$ /]u/ /i]/ /u]/ /au/ /ai/ /ei/ /_i/ are usua&&" re#erre0 to as )

monot$on%s

0i+$t$on%s

tri+$t$on%s

0i+t$on%s

1 T$e #o&&oin% or0s Rbrea0 rea0 &e0 s$e0 men0 tent sai0R a&& $a<e t$is soun0 in common)

/a/

/n/

/e/

/i/

1B Essentia&&" t$e source o# t$e air stream use0 #or t$e +ro0uction o# t$e En%&is$ soun0s is basica&&" #rom )

mout$

+$ar"nF

&un%s

&ar"nF

18 EFam+&es o# or0s t$at contain t$is soun0 /]u/ inc&u0e:

+$onetics

#ait$#u&

son

co

19 T$is soun0 /a:/ can be #oun0 in t$e #o&&oin% or0s:

bat rat cat

#at$erbar0 $eart

man can #an

s$irt bir0 #at

2C 6uc$ &etters as R+$R R#R RKRR%$R R#eR are use0 to re+resent t$e soun0:

/#/

/%/

/+/

/0/



TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA1/ENG251


ENG251 'an%ua%e an0 6ociet"


1 A bi&in%ua& is ab&e to s+ea to 0iKerent &an%ua%es an0 un0erstan0 t$em e&&

coor0inate

subor0inate

inci+ient

0ominant

2 WWWWWWWWWWWWW 0escribes t$e be&ie# t$at %rou+s o# +eo+&e are boun0 to%et$er b" territoria& cu&tura&

an0 -sometimes et$nic &ins)

Nationa&ism

Nationism

Natura&isation

Nationa&isation

A &an%ua%e is t$e &an%ua%e c$osen in or0er to ac$ie<e t$e %oa& o# nationism

nation

nationa&

nationa&istic

common

4 T$e &eFi@erH is t$e main source o# a

creo&e

Li0%in

&an%ua%e

co0e

5 'an%ua%e s$i#t can a&so be ca&&e0

&an%ua%e c$an%e

&an%ua%e trans#er

&an%ua%e 0is+&acement

&an%ua%e $i.ac

'an%ua%e 0eat$ means &an%ua%e

0emise



eF+iration

eFtinction

+e%%in% out

B A <ariet" is t$e <ariet" use0 b" t$e ori%ina& s+eaers o# t$e &an%ua%e

mot$er ton%ue

#at$er ton%ue

nati<e

stan0ar0

8 One o# t$e ma.or c$aracteristics o# ma&e ta& is

0iKerence

0ominance

<ariation

+re&iminar"

9 WWWWWWWW)) re#ers to t$e #eatures o# %rammar an0 <ocabu&ar" $ic$ con<e" in#ormation about a +erson;s%eo%ra+$ica& ori%in

0ia&ect

accent

i0io&ect

socio&ect

1C WWWWWW is t$e &an%ua%e s+oen b" a socia& %rou+ socia& c&ass or subcu&ture

(ia&ect

Accent

>0io&ect

6ocio&ect

11 WWWWWWWW)) re#ers to t$e #eatures o# s+eec$ +ecu&iar to in0i<i0ua&s in t$e societ"

(ia&ect

Accent

>0io&ect

6ocio&ect

12 T$e or0 =minor; is #oun0 in t$e re%ister

+o&ice

&e%a&

me0ica&

+ro#essiona&



1 One o# t$ese is not a re%ister <ariab&e)

@e&0

teFture

mo0e

tenor

14 WWWWWW) is t$e a" in0i<i0ua&s use &an%ua%e to reect t$eir uniue en<ironment)

7onteFt

6t"&e

3e%ister

>0io&ect

15 One a" to ana&"se narrati<e 0iscourse is to consi0er t$e

+ers+ecti<e

+oint o# <ie

+oint o# 0issonance

st"&e

1 ,ore%roun0in% 0iKers #rom automatisation because o# its -#ore%roun0in%;s

seriousness

uneF+ecte0ness

eF+ecte0ness

cons+icuousness

1B T$e or0 =+&acebo; be&on%s to t$e re%ister o#

me0icine

&a

business

+o&itics

18 7M7H acron"mises

7om+uters Me0iate0 7ommunication

7om+uter Mu&ti+&e 7ommunication

7om+uter Me0ia 7ommunicate

7om+uter Messa%e 7ommunication

19 6M6H re#ers to



s$ort messa%e sen0in%

s$ort messa%e scrutin"

s$ort messa%e sent

s$ort messa%in% ser<ices

2C One o# t$ese is not use0 in teFt messa%es)

$omo+$ones

tenor

numeric c$aracters

abbre<iations

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA2/ENG251




1 Meanin%s o# &in%uistic eF+ressions are im+ossib&e it$out recourse to

cu&ture

conteFt

contact

situation

2 T$e !a&&i0a"ian meta#unctions o# &an%ua%e 0o not inc&u0e one o# t$e #o&&oin%:

i0eationa&

+ersona&

inter+ersona&

teFtua&

WWWWWW) re#ers to t$e ro&es $umans tae u+ in 0iKerent s+eec$ situations)

socia& status

status

+oer

tenor

4 One o# t$e ma.or c$aracteristics o# ma&e ta& is

0iKerence



0ominance

<ariation

+re&iminar"

5 WWWWWWWW)) re#ers to t$e #eatures o# %rammar an0 <ocabu&ar" $ic$ con<e" in#ormation about a +erson;s%eo%ra+$ica& ori%in

0ia&ect

accent

i0io&ect

socio&ect

WWWWWW is t$e &an%ua%e s+oen b" a socia& %rou+ socia& c&ass or subcu&ture

(ia&ect

Accent

>0io&ect

6ocio&ect

B re#ers to t$e #eatures o# +ronunciation $ic$ in0icate t$e re%iona& or socia& i0entit" o# a s+eaer

(ia&ect

Accent

>0io&ect

6ocio&ect

8 WWWWWWWW)) re#ers to t$e #eatures o# s+eec$ +ecu&iar to in0i<i0ua&s in t$e societ"

(ia&ect

Accent

>0io&ect

6ocio&ect

9 T$e or0 =minor; is #oun0 in t$e re%ister

+o&ice

&e%a&

me0ica&

+ro#essiona&

1C One o# t$ese is not a re%ister <ariab&e)

@e&0

teFture

mo0e

tenor



11 A <ariet" is t$e <ariet" use0 b" t$e ori%ina& s+eaers o# t$e &an%ua%e

mot$er ton%ue

#at$er ton%ue

nati<e

stan0ar0

12 WWWW))is a s"stem o# si%na&s inc&u0in% <oice soun0 %estures or ritten s"mbo&s $ic$ enco0es an0 0eco0esin#ormation)

'an%ua%e

6"mbo&ism

6"mbiosis

'in%uistics

1 WWWWWW)is re%ar0e0 as t$e a" o# &i#e o# a +eo+&e

7o0e

7u&ture

'an%ua%e

'in%uistics

14 'an%ua%e use is necessari&" situate0 in

socia& &i#e

7u&ture

societ"

s"stem

15 T$ere are basic #unctions o# &an%ua%e

4

2

5

1 T$e re#erentia& #unction o# &an%ua%e is a&so ca&&e0

re+resentati<e

eF+ressi<e

0e+ressi<e

re+ressi<e

1B WWWWWW) is t$e a" in0i<i0ua&s use &an%ua%e to reect t$eir uniue en<ironment)

7onteFt



6t"&e

3e%ister

>0io&ect

18 One a" to ana&"se narrati<e 0iscourse is to consi0er t$e

+ers+ecti<e

+oint o# <ie

+oint o# 0issonance

st"&e

19 ,ore%roun0in% 0iKers #rom automatisation because o# its -#ore%roun0in%;s

seriousness

uneF+ecte0ness

eF+ecte0ness

cons+icuousness

2C T$e stan0ar0 <ariet" o# a &an%ua%e is t$e one use0 #or +ur+oses

re&ationa&

ocia&

aca0emic

interacti<e

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA/ENG251




1 Ni%erian &an%ua%es ou&0 be consi0ere0 )

&ess 0e<e&o+e0 t$an t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e

o# eua& <a&ue to its '1 s+eaers &ie t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e

&ess s"stematic t$an t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e

im+ossib&e to master b" #orei%n &earners

2 me0ium o# &an%ua%e use ou&0 constrain t$e user to be a bit more eF+&icit)

6+oen

Te&e<ision



Jritten

7on<ersation

Ni%erian &an%ua%es ou&0 +ro+er&" be re#erre0 to as )

+resti%ious &an%ua%es

in0i%enous &an%ua%es

<ernacu&ars

co&&oua& &an%ua%es

4 7reati<e riters usin% t$e En%&is$ &an%ua%e ou&0 norma&&" be re%ar0e0 as because o# t$e creati<eo+erations o# t$eir &an%ua%e usa%e)

0e<iatin%

0e<iants

s&an%ers

mobbin%

5 *ar%on ou&0 be consi0ere0 as t$e &an%ua%e o# )

area bo"s

inte&&ectua&&" &o +eo+&e in t$e societ"

N'7

s+ecia&ise0 or +ro#essiona& %rou+

An eFam+&e o# a tec$no&o%ica&&" me0iate0 0iscourse ou&0 be )

emai&s

ton crierRs messa%e

ta&in% it$ "our #rien0 in t$e room

issin% "our s+ouse on t$e be0

B J$en "ou mae ca&&s to "our #rien0 on t$e G6M +$one "ou are actua&&" main% use o# tocommunicate)

"our ce&& +$one

tec$no&o%"

+en an0 +a+er

#ace to #ace 0iscourse

8 T$e st"&istic c$oices o# a %rou+ o# me0ica& 0octors on 0ut" ou&0 constitute t$eir )

+ro#ession

in0ios"cracies

re%ister

abi&it"

9 T$e &in%uists usua&&" intereste0 in stu0"in% st"&e in t$e con<ersationa& #orm are ca&&e0 )



st"&isticians

&in%uists

con<ersationa&ists

0iscourse ana&"sts

1C 'an%ua%e use b" a riter t$at brin%s some &in%uistic e&ements into +articu&ar #ocus #or s+eci@c communicati<eeKect is non as )

#ocuse0 e&ements

#ore%roun0in%

bac%roun0in%

im+&icature

11 Automatization 0escribes a situation in $ic$ t$e &in%uistic e&ements use0 are actua&&" )

o# common usa%e

+ointe0&" i0enti@e0

s+ecia&&" brou%$t into #ocus

im+ortant to t$e user

12 T$e &in%uistic ana&"sis an0 inuiries about st"&e is ca&&e0 )

st"&istics

st"&e s$eet

st"&e in<esti%ation

st"&e ana&"sis

1 One o# t$e t$in%s t$at a st"stician ma" use as t$e basis o# t$eir inuir" is t$e )

name o# t$e aut$or o# t$e 0iscourse

associates o# t$e aut$or o# t$e 0iscourse

ori%in o# t$e aut$or o# t$e 0iscourse

s"ntaF o# t$e 0iscourse

14 T$e st"&istic c$oices o# a %rou+ o# me0ica& 0octors on 0ut" ou&0 constitute t$eir )

+ro#ession

in0ios"cracies

re%ister

abi&it"

15 T$e stan0ar0 <ariet" o# En%&is$ is ca&&e0 )

3enounce0 #orm

3ecei<e0 Grammar

3ecei<e0 Lronunciation



7ocne" En%&is$

1 A #actor t$at sometimes 0etermines <arieties o# a &an%ua%e cou&0 be a&& t$ese eFce+t )

its $istor"

its s+eaers +ro#essions

t$e s+eaers %eo%ra+$ica& &ocation

t$e re&e<ance o# t$e &an%ua%e to t$e s+eaers

1B 'an%ua%e use b" a riter t$at brin%s some &in%uistic e&ements into +articu&ar #ocus #or s+eci@c communicati<eeKect is non as )

#ocuse0 e&ements

#ore%roun0in%

bac%roun0in%

im+&icature

18 Automatization 0escribes a situation in $ic$ t$e &in%uistic e&ements use0 are actua&&" )

o# common usa%e

+ointe0&" i0enti@e0

s+ecia&&" brou%$t into #ocus

im+ortant to t$e user

19 One o# t$e t$in%s "ou ou&0 consi0er as a #actor in &an%ua%e use is )

ori%in o# t$e &an%ua%e use0

+$"sica& en<ironment o# t$e &an%ua%e use

$istor" o# t$e &an%ua%e use0

t$in%s t$at can be bou%$t to &earn t$e &an%ua%e use0

2C One o# t$e a"s to 0e@ne t$e socia& status o# a s+eaer is t$rou%$ )

t$e 0ress orn

t$e $ouse o# t$e +erson

t$e e0ucation &e<e&

size o# t$e ban account

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA4/ENG251






1 A bi&in%ua& is ab&e to s+ea to 0iKerent &an%ua%es an0 un0erstan0 t$em e&&

coor0inate

subor0inate

inci+ient

0ominant

2 WWWWWWWWWWWWW 0escribes t$e be&ie# t$at %rou+s o# +eo+&e are boun0 to%et$er b" territoria& cu&tura& an0-sometimes et$nic &ins)

Nationa&ism

Nationism

Natura&isation

Nationa&isation

A &an%ua%e is t$e &an%ua%e c$osen in or0er to ac$ie<e t$e %oa& o# nationism

nation

nationa&

nationa&istic

common

4 ,is$man;s t$ree t"+es o# &an%ua%e +o&ic" $in%e on t$e conce+t o#

=EFten0e0 Tra0ition;

=Nationa&istic Tra0ition;

=Great Tra0ition;

=!istoric Tra0itionR

5 One o# t$e #o&&oin% is a tas o# %o<ernment a%encies t$at are in<o&<e0 in &an%ua%e +&annin%

&e%is&atin% on &iterac" criticism

+rescribin% ort$o%ra+$ies #or eFistin% &an%ua%es

c&i++in% ne or0s

re<isin% s+e&&in% s"stems

'an%ua%e s$i#t can a&so be ca&&e0

&an%ua%e c$an%e

&an%ua%e trans#er

&an%ua%e 0is+&acement

&an%ua%e $i.ac

B 'an%ua%e 0eat$ means &an%ua%e

0emise



eF+iration

eFtinction

+e%%in% out

8 A is an" instance o# &an%ua%e use s+oen or ritten)

0iscussion

0iscourse

teFture

teFtere

9 (iscourse ana&"sis stu0ies &an%ua%e abo<e t$e &e<e&)

or0

%rou+

c&ause

sentence

1C One o# t$ese is not a 0iscourse #eature:

turn tain%

o<er&a+s

c&auses

a0.acenc" +airs

11 WWWWWWWWWW) re#ers to t$e use o# to &an%ua%es simu&taneous&")

7o0e sitc$in%

7o0e sitc$er

7o0e miFin%

7o0e miFture

12 T$ere are t"+es o# inter#erence)

2

4

5

1 orroin% occurs as a resu&t o# a in a &an%ua%e)

s+ace

%a+

&imit

&imitation



14 WWWWWWWW)) is t$e 0is+ersa& o# a &an%ua%e as a resu&t o# t$e mo<ement o# its s+eaers to 0iKerent +arts o#t$e or&0)

'in%uistic 0is+ersa&

'in%uistic s+rea0

'in%uistic $etero%eneit"

'in%uistic 0is&ocation

15 'in%uistic im+eria&ism $as a root)

0ominant

0ominance

ritis$

$istorica&

1 'in%uistic +oer is su++orte0 it$ t$e

&a

societ"

&e%a&ism

+eo+&e

1B T$ere are about &an%ua%es in Ni%eria)

51C

45C

CC

5C

18 T$e eF+ression > am $earin% "ouH is a En%&is$ statement)

ritis$

American

Ni%erian

6cottis$

19 A stron% &in beteen 6ocio&in%uistics an0 6ocio&o%" is

met$o0o&o%"

et$omet$o0o&o%"

societ"

et$no%ra+$"

2C T$e re&ations$i+ beteen 'in%uistics an0 Ant$ro+o&o%" $as resu&te0 in t$e 0e<e&o+ment o# @e&0)

2



4

5

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA1/G6T2C


G6T2C >ntro0uction to L$i&oso+$" an0 'o%ic

Mr) Amusa *amiu O&ua0ami&are -.amusanoun)e0u)n%

1 (es+ite t$e breain% aa" o# natura& an0 socia& sciences 0oes +$i&oso+$" sti&& remain t$e +arent 0isci+&ine o#ot$er 0isci+&ineS

>n0iKerent

es

None o# t$e abo<e

No

2 Et"mo&o%ica&&" +$i&oso+$" means

+$i&o an0 so+$ia

&o<e o# is0om

&o<e o# no&e0%e

atom an0 mo&ecu&es a%rees in numbers

is t$e stu0" o# t$e met$o0 an0 +rinci+&es use0 in 0istin%uis$in% correct #rom incorrect reasonin%

Et$ics

+$i&oso+$"

&o%ic

t$eorem

4 An ar%ument in $ic$ t$e +remises 0o not &ea0 to conc&usion an0 certaint" an0 is base0 on +robabi&ti" is ca&&e0

in0ucti<e

se0ucti<e

0e0ucti<e



im+&ie0

5 is t$e stu0" o# t$e @rst +rinci+&e or u&timate rea&it"

meta+$"sics

&o%ic

+$i&oso+$"

et$ics

T$e coina%e o# t$e or0 meta+$"sics can be cre0ite0 to

an0roni0es

anaFiman0a

Aristot&e

anaFimenes

B T$e branc$ o# +$i&oso+$" $ic$ 0ea&s it$ t$e t$eor" o# no&e0%e is ca&&e0

et$ics

e+istemo&o%"

&o%ic

Meta+$"sics

8 T$e uestions X$at is min0X (oes Go0 eFistX can be &ine0 to branc$ o# +$i&oso+$" ca&&e0

Et$ics

e+istemo&o%"

meta+$"sics

'o%ic

9 J$ic$ o# t$ese statement is $a<in% +rob&em

> t$in t$at Go0 eFist but > am not sure

it is +ossib&e to be&ie<e somet$in% "ou are not sure o#

e&ie<in% can be seen as a +recon0ition #or no&e0%e

ou can sa" "ou no somet$in% "ou are not sure o#

1C T$e statement in o+tion is #a&se

To no is to no t$at "ou no

e $a<e no&e0%e on&" $en e can +ro<i0e reason an0 e<i0ence

no&e0%e is sub.ecti<e non communicab&e an0 non<eri@ab&e

e&ie# or o+inion is base0 on inner +ersona& certaint" an0 con<iction

11 T$e re&ations$i+ an0 0iKerence beteen no&e0%e o+inion an0 be&ie# 0e+en0 on t$e +ersonRs

bac%roun0

+osition



a%e

+$i&oso+$"

12 J$en a +$i&oso+$er +ossess in#ormation t$at is be"on0 0oubt e can use t$e term

no

be&ie#

o+inion

acuaintte0

1 ># e no a&& t$e #o&&oin% are correct eFce+t

must be true

must $a<e e<i0ence

must $a<e counter e<i0ence

e must $a<e reason to be&ie#

14 ,rom t$e un0erstan0in% o# a &a"man is t$e %enera& t$eor" or +rinci+&e about $o e ou%$t to con0uct our&i<es

s"&&o%ism

+s"c$o&o%"

+$i&oso+$"

'o%ic



15 T$e ori%in o# +$i&oso+$" can be trace0 to t$e

Ancient Gree

3oman Em+ire

Jest A#rica

3e0 in0ians

1 T$e @rst man to mae a stan0ar0 comment about t$e nature an0 0e@nition o# +$i&oso+$" as

6ocrates

L&ato

L"t$a%oras

Aristot&e

1B as cre0ite0 it$ t$e +re0iction o# t$e ec&i+se o# 585 )7)

Neton

'enin

7orn+enicus

T$a&es



18 ma0e an in%enious %uess t$at man as ori%ina&&" born #rom anima&s o# anot$er s+ecies

6ocrates

AnaFiman0er

7o+&estone

3ober !oo

19 Once u+on a time +$i&oso+$" as +re%nant an0 %a<e birt$ to man" c$i&0ren) is t$e o&0est c$i&0 o#+$i&oso+$"

6cience

!istor"

'o%ic

Econom"

2C T$e statement t$at +$i&oso+$" is t$e @rst an0 t$e &ast science can be cre0ite0 to

L&ato

6ocrates

Aristot&e



Austin

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA2/G6T2C




1 J$ic$ o# t$ese as+ect o# no&e0%e is not interesete0 in t$e ontic but in t$e onte&o%ica& uestions

Et$ic

meta+$"sics

e+istemo&o%"

None o# t$e abo<e

2 An a<era%e scientist a&a"s see #or eF+&anation $i&e t$e +$i&oso+$er basica&&" see #or

.usti@cation

eF+erimentation

<a&i0ation

conc&usion



J$ic$ o# t$e #o&&oin% is not a source o# no&e0%e

reason

sense eF+erience

intuition

+ermutation

4 T$e t$eor" $ic$ be&ie<es t$at $uman bein%s can acuire no&e0%e o# rea&it" b" t$e use o# min0 or +ure reasonis ca&&e0

rationa&ism

rea&ism

i0ea&ism

constructi<ism

5 A&& t$e #o&&oin% are +art o# &o%ica& +rocesses eFce+t

sim+&e a++re$ension

.u0%ement



reasonin%

0i%itizin%

J$ic$ o# t$ese &ist is not a conc&usionin0icator

conseuent&"

t$us

because

so

B Et"mo&o%ica&&" +$i&oso+$" means

+$i&o an0 so+$ia

&o<e o# is0om

&o<e o# no&e0%e

atom an0 mo&ecu&es a%rees in numbers

8 A &o%ica& +ro+osition is <a&i0 on&" $en it can bot$ be an0



0enie0 an0 asserte0

0e00ucti<e an0 in0ucti<e

+$i&oso+$ise0 an0 conteFtua&ize0

acce+te0 an0 re#rame0

9 ar%ument is t$e ar%ument t$at in<o&<es %enera& to s+eci@c

in0ucti<e

0e0ucti<e

conc&usi<e

<a&i0

1C An ar%ument in $ic$ t$e +remises 0o not &ea0 to conc&usion an0 certaint" an0 is base0 on +robabi&ti" is ca&&e0

in0ucti<e

se0ucti<e

0e0ucti<e

im+&ie0

11 Ta&in% about t$e source o# no&e0%e $ic$ o# t$ese is out o# +&ace



m"sticism

re<ea&ation

aut$orit"

intuition

12 J$ic$ o# t$ese is associate0 it$ t$e rationa&ist

intuition

sense eF+erience

reason

m"sticsm

1 J$o amon% t$e ear&iest +$i&oso+$er 0escribe0 man as a rationa& anima&

Aristot&e

L&ato

6ocrates

Emmanue& Iant



14 Lerce+tua& eF+erience is not sucient to acuire no&e0%e eFce+t it$

sense eF+erience

Aut$orit"

reason

ins+iration

15 is consi0ere0 as t$e +rima matriF o# $uman no&e0%e

intuition

reason

m"sticism

sense eF+erience

1 J$o are +rimar" +ro+onent o# sense eF+erience

scientists

socia&ists

ca+ita&ists

em+iricists



1B T$e uestions X$at is min0X (oes Go0 eFistX can be &ine0 to branc$ o# +$i&oso+$" ca&&e0

Et$ics

e+istemo&o%"

meta+$"sics

'o%ic

18 T$e uestions suc$ as X$at is t$e re&ation beteen no&e0%e an0 rea&it"X >s $uman min0 ca+ab&e o# noin%SAre most &ie&" #rom

t$eo&o%"

e+istemo&o%"

+at$o&o%"

meta+$"sics

19 J$ic$ o# t$ese com+onents o# +$i&oso+$" 0ea&s it$ t$e stu0" o# mora&it" o# $uman action in societ"

ci<ic

et$ic

et$nic

e+ics



2C T$e assertion XT$e on&" t$in% > no is t$at > no not$in%X can be cre0ite0 to

6ocrates

L&ato

Aristot&e

&enins

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA/G6T2C




1 T$e or0 XMa%ister 0iFitX sim+&" mean

Ma%istrate 0ic$otom"

Master sai0

Autocrac"

Ma%istrate autonom"



2 can be 0escribe0 as Ximme0iac" o# a++re$ensionX

eF+erience

sense eF+erience

re<ea&ation

intuition

(e0ucti<e ar%ument is <a&i0 i# on&" i#

t$e +remises im+&ies t$e conc&usion

t$e conc&usion #o&&os #rom +remises

t$e +remises necessitates t$e

a&& t$e o+tions

4 An ar%ument $ose +remises is true $i&e its conc&usion is #a&se cou&0 be sai0 to be

<a&i0

in<a&i0



soun0

unsoun0

5 is t$e name e %i<e to t$e a" aareness a++re$en0s $en aareness a++re$en0s a++earance 0irect&"

aut$orit"

intuition

re<ea&ation

eF+erience

i# > sa" > no XX but XX is not true m" statement is t$ere#ore

se&# su++ortin

ambi%ous

se&# contra0ictin%

unambi%ous

B L$i&oso+$" is 0iKerent #rom re&i%ion because



it o#ten uestions t$e assum+tions o# re&i%ion

+$i&oso+$er $ates re&i%ion

re&i%ion is o++ose0 to +$i&oso+$"

a&& t$e o+tions

8 L$i&oso+$er sa"s $e nosH somebo0" on&" $en

t$e +erson is not non to $im

$e/s$e +ossesse0 sucient in#ormation about t$e +erson

$e/s$e $as met t$e +erson on some occasion

t$e +erson be&on%s to member o# $is/$er #ami&"

9 T$e term X sim+&e a++re$ension .u0%ement reasonin% an0 ar%umentX constitute $at is ca&&e0

meta+$"sica& +rocesses

&o%ica& +rocesses

+$i&oso+$ica& +rocesses

et"mo&o%ica& +rocesses

1C >n +$i&oso+$" aut$orit" is t$e o# no&e0%e



en0

source

u&timate

$a&&mar

11 can be seen as a +recon0ition #or no&e0%e

eF+eriment

$"+ot$esis

t$eor"

be&ie#

12 Accor0in% to a&m -1995:5 intuitionH is

sense o# $uman

inte&&i%ent uotient

reasonin% #acu&ties

imme0iac" o# a++re$ension



1 O# t$e #o&&oin% is not a source o# no&e0%e

reason

sense eF+erience

intuition

internet

14 is t$e act b" $ic$ t$e min0 #orms t$e conce+t o# somet$in% it$out armin% or 0en"in% an"t$in%about it

ar%umentation

.u0%ementation

sim+&e a++re$ension

reasonin%

15 Mat$ematics is to t$e science is to +$i&oso+$"

+$"sics

&o%ic

meta+$"sics

&a



1 >n &o%ic to in#er means

to assume a +osition #rom t$e tren0 o# ar%ument

to #orecast an e<ent #rom t$e +remises o# t$e +$enomenon

to 0eri<e a conc&usion o# an ar%ument #rom t$e +remises o# t$at ar%ument

none o# t$e o+tions

1B T$e +remise in t$e statement As soon as (r) O#otoun comes $e mars $is scri+tsH is

As soon asH

$e mars $is scri+tsH

None o# t$e o+tions

(r O#otoun comesH

18 can be re#ere0 to as t$e Queen o# a&& sub.ects acor0in% to Ota+or

Ant$ro+o&o%"

Meta+$"sics

'o%ic

E+istemo&o%"



19 6"&&o%ism is an ar%ument $ic$ contains +ro+ositions to o# $ic$ are ca&&e0 t$e +remise an0 t$econc&usion

#our

t$ree

siF

@<e

2C >n0ucti<e ar%ument +rocee0s #rom t$e eF+erience0 to t$e

+articu&ar

incon%ruous

ineF+erience0

0etermine0

TMA Quiz Questions

TMA: TMA4/G6T2C






1 One o# t$e aim o# t$e t$e &as o# t$ou%$t is

to enab&e us ca&cu&ate e&& in &o%ic an0 mat$ematics

to re0uce tauto&o%" $en some &o%icians are s+eain%

to set +atterns #or an"one $o ant to t$in an0 s+ea correct&"

to create a base #or 0e0ucti<e ar%ument

2 T$e errors in reasonin% t$at ten0 to be +s"c$o&o%ica&&" +ersuasi<e is re%ar0e0 b" &o%icians as

+ersuasion

#a&&ac"

#actua&

sentimenta&

Accor0in% to Ota+or -2CCC #a&&acies is c&assi@e0 into t$e #o&&oin%s eFce+t one

#orma&

<erba&

in#orma&

e&astic



4 An ar%ument to attac t$e +erson $o a0<ances it rat$er t$an +ro<i0in% a rationa& critiue o# t$e ar%ument itse&#is ca&&e0

A0 !ominen #a&&ac"

A0 <a&orem ar%ument

U&tra +atem #a&&ac"

non seuitor

5 6tatements e<oin% +it" in t$e au0ience e<en t$ou%$ its &o%ica&&" unre&ate0 to t$e conc&usion is ca&&e0

A0 i%norantian #a&&ac"

#a&&acious statement

A0 misericor0ian #a&&ac"

none o# t$e o+tions

># t$e conc&usion o# an ar%ument seems to be +ro<en sim+&" because nobo0" $as contra0icte0 it means

it is t$e trut$

it a++ears to be i%norant



t$e ar%ument is +oer#u&

t$e orator" inuence

B J$ic$ o# t$e #o&&oin% is not an eFam+&e o# s"&&o%ism

$"+ot$etica&

0is.uncti<e

constructi<e

re#erentia&

8 T$e in#ormati<e #unction o# &an%ua%e cou&0 be +er#orme0 t$rou%$

+oetr"

re&i%ion

A&& t$e o+tions

none o# t$e o+tions

9 J$en &an%ua%e is use0 to e<oe or +ro+a%ate #ee&in% #or attitu0es in $uman bein% is sai0 to be



eF+ressi<e

emoti<e

comissi<e

0irecti<e

1C T$e aut$or o# t$e boo $o to 0o t$in%s it$ or0s -192H is

!enr" 7arr

T$omas Jatts

Austin *)'

Jo&e 6o"ina

11 e#ore t$e "ear 2CCC t$e antici+ator" mo<ements +eo+&e common&" mae $en t$e" near&" co&&i0e it$ some+erson is ca&&e0

co&&ision

tranco&&ision

0oub&e0o0%e

antici+ator" co&&ision

12 T$e t"+e o# 0e@nition t$at s+eci@es an0 unambi%uous&" 0istin%uis$es t$e ob.ect in uestion #rom ot$er ob.ect ina %i<en 0omain is



s+ecu&ati<e 0e@nition

rea& 0e@nition

%enus 0e@nition

&o%ica& 0e@nition

1 ,a&&ac" o# eui<ocation occurs $en

s+eaer eui<ocates

somebo0" s+eas it$ ton%ue in c$ee

or0s are use0 to 0ecei<e au0ience

or0 is use0 in a manner t$at im+&ies 0iKerent meanin%s it$in t$e same conteFt

14 T$e 'atin +$rase +etition +rinci+iaH means

be%%in% t$e +rinci+&e

+etition +rinci+&e

+rinci+a&

be%%in% t$e



15 A uestion is com+&eF i#

it is 0icu&t to anser

it ansers t$e inten0e0 re+&"

t$e uestioner +resu++oses some conc&usion a&&u0e0 to in t$e uestion

none o# t$e o+tions

1 A con<entiona& or estab&is$e0 meanin% o# a term is ca&&e0

Ana&"sis

'eFica& 0e@nition

t$eoretica& 0e@nition

A&& t$e o+tions

1B is an intentiona& 0e@nition t$at attem+ts to +ro<i0e an a0euate un0erstan0in% o# t$e t$in%s to $ic$ t$eterm a++&ies -2CCC:1CC

t$eoretica& 0e@nition

c&assica& 0e@nition

t$eoretica& #rame or

$"+ot$etica& 0e@nition



18 J$ic$ o# t$ese is not a #unction o# 'an%ua%e

in#ormati<e

emoti<e

0emocratic

0ec&arati<e

19 'an%ua%e acuisition (e<ice is use0 to

0isco<er %rammatica& ru&e o# a &an%ua%e

correct %ramatica& &a

trans&ate into 0iKerent &an%ua%e

teac$ 0iKerent &an%ua%es

2C T$e t"+e o# #a&&ac" $ere t$e ar%uer attacs a misre+resentation o# t$e o++onentRs <ie is #a&&ac"

A0 acu&um

A0 Lo+u&um

6traman

A0 !ominem

chikodi tma

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