child and youth victims and witnesses of crime in canada what is the prevalence of the problem?
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Child and Youth Victims and Witnesses of Crime in Canada What is the prevalence of the problem?. Research and Statistics Division Ottawa, February 28, 2011. Children and youth as victims of police-reported crime. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Child and Youth Victims and Witnesses of Crime in Canada
What is the prevalence of the problem?
Research and Statistics Division
Ottawa, February 28, 2011
2
Children and youth as victims of police-reported crime
In 2009, just over 75,000 children and youth were victims of police-reported violent crime.
Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Incident-based Uniform Crime Reporting Survey 2009
3
Physical assaults the most common type of reported violence
• Assault (level 1) was the most common type of police-reported violence committed against children and youth with over 31,000 being reported to police in 2009.
• Overall, boys (59%) were more likely than girls (41%) to be victims of physical assault. Males under the age of 18 were victims of physical assault.
• 25% of child and youth victims were physically assaulted by a family member with 68% being perpetrated by a parent.
Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Family Violence in Canada: A Statistical Profile
4
Rates of violent victimization highest among youth aged 15 to 17, 2008
Note(s): Excludes incidents where the sex and/or age of the victim was unknown. The Incident-based Uniform Crime Reporting Survey collected data from 155 police services, representing approximately 98% of the population of Canada in 2008. Rate per 100,000 population under 18 years of age for the geographic areas policed by the Incident-based Uniform Crime Reporting Survey respondents.
Source(s): Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Incident-based Uniform Crime Reporting Survey.
422
1,863
289162733
2,710
0500
100015002000
25003000
Less than 3 3 to 5 6 to 8 9 to 11 12 to 14 15 to 17
Age
rate
per
100
,000
pop
ulat
ion
5
Sexual violence against children and youth
• In 2009, over half (59%) of all victims of police-reported sexual assault were children and youth under the age of 18 with 60% of these victims being between the ages of 12 and 17.
• Sexual violence against children and youth was more commonly perpetrated by someone known to the victim (79%), including family members, friends or acquaintances.
Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Family Violence in Canada: A Statistical Profile
6
Police-reported sexual offences against children (0 to 5 years), by gender of victim and accused-victim relationship, Canada, 2009
16%
41%
7%
32%
4%
22%
42%
7%
27%
2%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
Parent (biological,adoptive, step or
foster parent)
Other familymembers (e.g.
sibling, uncle, aunt,grandparent)
Authority figure (e.g.teacher, babysitter,coach, counsellor)
Acquaintance (e.g.friend, neighbour
business associate)
Stranger
Male Female
Notes: Sexual offences include sexual assault levels 1-3, sexual interference, invitation to sexual touching, sexual exploitation, incest, bestiality and luring a child via the Internet. Also, a small number of incidents of corrupting morals of a child and anal intercourse are included. Victim data are not available for parent/guardian procuring sexual activity, indecent acts in the presence of a person under 16 years of age, and child pornography. As such, these offences are not included. Excludes victims of unknown age or gender.Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR2) Survey.
7
Police-reported sexual offences against children (6 to 11 years), by gender of victim and accused-victim relationship, Canada, 2009
15%
37%
7%
36%
5%
19%
39%
6%
29%
6%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
Parent (biological,adoptive, step or
foster parent)
Other familymembers (e.g.
sibling, uncle, aunt,grandparent)
Authority figure (e.g.teacher, babysitter,coach, counsellor)
Acquaintance (e.g.friend, neighbour
business associate)
Stranger
Male Female
Notes: Sexual offences include sexual assault levels 1-3, sexual interference, invitation to sexual touching, sexual exploitation, incest, bestiality and luring a child via the Internet. Also, a small number of incidents of corrupting morals of a child and anal intercourse are included. Victim data are not available for parent/guardian procuring sexual activity, indecent acts in the presence of a person under 16 years of age, and child pornography. As such, these offences are not included. Excludes victims of unknown age or gender.Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR2) Survey.
8
Police-reported sexual offences against children (12 to 17 years), by gender of victim and accused-victim relationship, Canada, 2009
8%
23%
13%
46%
10%11%
16%
5%
54%
14%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
Parent (biological,adoptive, step or
foster parent)
Other familymembers (e.g.
sibling, uncle, aunt,grandparent)
Authority figure (e.g.teacher, babysitter,coach, counsellor)
Acquaintance (e.g.friend, neighbour
business associate)
Stranger
Male Female
Notes: Sexual offences include sexual assault levels 1-3, sexual interference, invitation to sexual touching, sexual exploitation, incest, bestiality and luring a child via the Internet. Also, a small number of incidents of corrupting morals of a child and anal intercourse are included. Victim data are not available for parent/guardian procuring sexual activity, indecent acts in the presence of a person under 16 years of age, and child pornography. As such, these offences are not included. Excludes victims of unknown age or gender.Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR2) Survey.
9
Police-reported sexual assault against children (0-17 years), by age of victim, Canada, 2009
8 435
9322 14
84
202
288 262290 305 291 291
331378
658
1,043
1,2181,260
1,066
877
130134127100121121109
139145128120120111108
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17
Age of victim
Nu
mb
er
of
vic
tim
s
Male Female
Notes: Sexual assault includes sexual assault levels 1-3. Excludes victims of unknown age or gender Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR2) Survey.
10
Police-reported sexual offences against children (0 to 17 years), by province/territory, 2009
198
120
217 236
161135
225
286
137 133
405
714
792
44
123
5919
50 40 57
140171
86999287
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
N.L. P.E.I. N.S. N.B. Que. Ont. Man. Sask. Alta. B.C. Y.T. N.W.T. Nvt.
rate
pe
r 1
00
,00
0 c
hild
ren
(b
y a
ge
)
Sexual Assault Other Sexual Offences
Rates for sexual assault and other sexual offences are calculated per 100,000 population 0 to 17 years.Notes: Sexual assault includes sexual assault levels 1-3. Other sexual offences include sexual interference, invitation to sexual touching, sexual exploitation, incest,
bestiality and luring a child via the Internet. Also, a small number of incidents of corrupting morals of a child and anal intercourse are included. Victim data are not available for parent/guardian procuring sexual activity or indecent acts in the presence of a person under 16 years of age. As such, these offences are not included. Excludes victims of unknown age or gender.
Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR2) Survey.
Canada’s rate of sexual assault (157)
Canada’s rate of other sexual assault (44)
11
Proportion of cases with guilty sexual assault or other sexual offence charges in adult criminal courts, Canada, 2000/2001 to 2008/2009
Notes: Represents all completed cases containing at least one charge for sexual assault or “other sexual offences”. Sexual assault include the three levels of sexual assault (C.C.C. s. 271, 272, and 273). For the purpose of this presentation, other sexual offences include: sexual interference (s. 151), invitation to sexual touching (s. 152), sexual exploitation (s. 153), Incest (s. 155), bestiality (s. 160), child pornography (s. 163.1), parent or guardian procuring sexual activity (s. 170), householder permitting sexual activity (s. 171), luring a child via the internet (s. 172.1), and indecent acts (s. 173). Data represent the ten jurisdictions that have consistently reported to the Integrated Criminal Court Survey since 2000/2001. The jurisdictions not covered are Manitoba, Northwest Territories and Nunavut. Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey.
38% 38%36%
34% 34% 35%33% 32% 32%
48% 48%46% 46%
48% 49%47% 48% 48%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09
Pro
po
rtio
n o
f co
mp
lete
d c
ase
s
Cases with guilty sexual assault charge(s) Cases with guilty other sexual offence(s)
12
Police-reported child pornography and internet luring offences, by province and territory, 2009
Child pornography Luring a child via a computerNumber of incidents Rate 1
Number of incidents Rate 1
Canada 1,594 4.7 411 1.2Newfoundland and Labrador 20 3.9 10 2.0Prince Edward Island 11 7.8 2 1.4Nova Scotia 73 7.8 17 1.8New Brunswick 36 4.8 22 2.9
Quebec 601 7.7 130 1.7Ontario 383 2.9 115 0.9Manitoba 47 3.9 9 0.7Saskatchewan 70 6.8 5 0.5Alberta 137 3.7 44 1.2British Columbia 207 4.7 56 1.3Yukon 3 8.9 0 0.0Northwest Territories 4 9.2 0 0.0Nunavut 2 6.2 1 3.1
1. Rates are calculated per 100,000 populationSource: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Uniform Crime Reporting Survey.
13
Child pornography and Internet luring cases completed in adult criminal courts, Canada, 2000/2001 to 2008/2009
Notes: Represents all completed cases containing at least one charge for child pornography or internet luring offences. Data represent the ten jurisdictions that have consistently reported to the Integrated Criminal Court Survey since 2000/2001. The jurisdictions not covered are Manitoba, Northwest Territories and Nunavut.Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Integrated Criminal Court Survey.
0
100
200
300
400
500
2000/01 2001/02 2002/03 2003/04 2004/05 2005/06 2006/07 2007/08 2008/09
Nu
mb
er
of c
ase
s
Cases with child pornography charge(s) Cases with luring charge(s)
14
Questions?
Susan McDonald, LLB, PhDPrincipal ResearcherResearch & Statistics DivisionDepartment of Justice284 Wellington, 6th floorOttawa, ON K1A OH8Tel: (613) 957-9315Email: [email protected]