children _ lecture i230 (1)

8/7/2019 Children _ Lecture I230 (1)

1/20

4/7/20114/7/2011 11

ChildrenChildren Lecture ILecture IBenefits of Physical ActivityBenefits of Physical Activity


2/20

224/7/20114/7/2011

What is the current state of fitness and wellness inWhat is the current state of fitness and wellness in

our school age children?our school age children?

Poor fitness, poor wellnessPoor fitness, poor wellness

Why are children no longer as active as theyWhy are children no longer as active as they

once were?once were?

The percentage of young people(5The percentage of young people(5--15) who are15) who are

overweight has double since 1980.overweight has double since 1980.

Walking and cycling by children(5Walking and cycling by children(5--15) dropped by15) dropped by

40% between 1977 and 1995.40% between 1977 and 1995.


3/20

334/7/20114/7/2011

High School Students:High School Students:

35% fail to regularly participate in vigorous35% fail to regularly participate in vigorous

exercise.exercise.

Regular participation in vigorous exerciseRegular participation in vigorous exercisedrops from 73% in 9drops from 73% in 9thth grade to 61% in 12grade to 61% in 12thth

grade.grade.

Enrollment in P.E. classes drops from 79% inEnrollment in P.E. classes drops from 79% in

99thth grade to 37% in 12grade to 37% in 12thth grade.grade.Only 29% participate in P.E. program.Only 29% participate in P.E. program.


4/20

444/7/20114/7/2011

How has the reduction of P.E.How has the reduction of P.E.

programs effected youth?programs effected youth?

No structured movement education.No structured movement education.

Early experts recognized a need forEarly experts recognized a need for

developing fundamental movement skillsdeveloping fundamental movement skills..


5/20

554/7/20114/7/2011

Societys RoleSocietys Role

Developments that discourage physical activity.Developments that discourage physical activity.

Community is designed around motorized transportation.Community is designed around motorized transportation.

Safety concerns limit times and areas where physical activity can takeSafety concerns limit times and areas where physical activity can take

place.place.

TechnologyTechnologyComputersComputers

InternetInternet

EntertainmentEntertainment

States and school districts have cut P.E. programs and requirements.States and school districts have cut P.E. programs and requirements.

Communities have failed to adequately invest in recreational parks andCommunities have failed to adequately invest in recreational parks and

facilities.facilities.


6/20

664/7/20114/7/2011

How much physical activity is needed by children?How much physical activity is needed by children?

Depends on stage of development (age).Depends on stage of development (age).

Elementary school aged children should accumulate 30Elementary school aged children should accumulate 30--60 minutes every60 minutes everyday.day.

Activities should vary and be age appropriate.Activities should vary and be age appropriate.

More activity is encouraged (up to several hours per day)More activity is encouraged (up to several hours per day)

Some activity should include 10 to 15 minute bouts of continuousSome activity should include 10 to 15 minute bouts of continuousmovements.movements.

Children should not be inactive for extended periods of time.Children should not be inactive for extended periods of time.

AdolescenceAdolescence

All adolescence should be physically active nearly every day.All adolescence should be physically active nearly every day.

Adolescence should engage in at least 3 twenty minute sessions ofAdolescence should engage in at least 3 twenty minute sessions of

continuous moderate to vigorous activities per week.continuous moderate to vigorous activities per week.These standards are not being attained and this leads to:These standards are not being attained and this leads to:

Physically uneducated adults.Physically uneducated adults.


7/20

774/7/20114/7/2011

The inactive child becomes the physicallyThe inactive child becomes the physically

uneducated adultuneducated adult

Girls who do not participate in physical activity by age 10 have less than aGirls who do not participate in physical activity by age 10 have less than a

10% chance of doing so at age 25.10% chance of doing so at age 25.

Only 19% of high school seniors have consistently participated in a phys.Only 19% of high school seniors have consistently participated in a phys.

Education program.Education program.

Only 20% of the Ohio population is consistently physically active.Only 20% of the Ohio population is consistently physically active.Inactivity during childhood translates to the following as an adult:Inactivity during childhood translates to the following as an adult:

Lack of competenceLack of competence

Lack of confidenceLack of confidence

Lack of motivationLack of motivation


8/20

884/7/20114/7/2011

The Characteristics of the Physically uneducatedThe Characteristics of the Physically uneducated

personperson

The benefits of physical activity are established early life.The benefits of physical activity are established early life.

The physically uneducated adult will encounter the following:The physically uneducated adult will encounter the following:

Overweight as a result of inactivityOverweight as a result of inactivity

Chronic low back pain.Chronic low back pain.

Painful memories about sports and recreational activitiesPainful memories about sports and recreational activities

This leads to a general dislike of physical activity.This leads to a general dislike of physical activity.

Associate exercise with failure.Associate exercise with failure.

Causes person to fail to maintain exercise.Causes person to fail to maintain exercise.

Fear of exercise or physical exertion.Fear of exercise or physical exertion.

Fear is often exaggerated.Fear is often exaggerated.

Lack confidence in exercise and often make excuses to avoid it.Lack confidence in exercise and often make excuses to avoid it.

Often believe athletes are born physically fit and they, themselves, cannotOften believe athletes are born physically fit and they, themselves, cannotachieve fitness because they were born out of shape.achieve fitness because they were born out of shape.

Has a very poor understanding of exercise and the variety of exercise.Has a very poor understanding of exercise and the variety of exercise.


9/20

994/7/20114/7/2011

Importance of Physical ActivityImportance of Physical Activity

Physical activity improves functional capacity, health, and quality of life.Physical activity improves functional capacity, health, and quality of life.

Moderate physical activity will achieve benefits.Moderate physical activity will achieve benefits.

Walking, 30 minWalking, 30 min

Raking leaves, 30 minRaking leaves, 30 min

Running, 15 minRunning, 15 min


10/20

10104/7/20114/7/2011

Physical activity reduces the risk of:Physical activity reduces the risk of:

Early mortalityEarly mortality

Coronary artery diseaseCoronary artery disease

HypertensionHypertension

Colon CancerColon Cancer

DiabetesDiabetes


11/20

11114/7/20114/7/2011

Physical activity will:Physical activity will:

Improve energyImprove energy

Reduce frequency and duration of illnessReduce frequency and duration of illness

Improve functional capacityImprove functional capacity


12/20

12124/7/20114/7/2011

Cognitive BenefitsCognitive Benefits

Children who participate in regular physical activity will learn faster underChildren who participate in regular physical activity will learn faster under

similar instructional methods.similar instructional methods.

The brain and central nervous system are directly affected by exercise.The brain and central nervous system are directly affected by exercise.

Not a lot of research in this area.Not a lot of research in this area.


13/20

13134/7/20114/7/2011

Physical activity carries socials benefitsPhysical activity carries socials benefits

Children who regularly participate in physical activity are less likelyChildren who regularly participate in physical activity are less likely

to smoke or become consistent drug users.to smoke or become consistent drug users.

More likely to stay in school and perform well academically.More likely to stay in school and perform well academically.

Introduces self discipline and socialization.Introduces self discipline and socialization.

Lack of activity makes youth more apt to turn to gangs, violence,Lack of activity makes youth more apt to turn to gangs, violence,drugs, and other negative sources.drugs, and other negative sources.


14/20

14144/7/20114/7/2011

Loss of Fundamental Movement SkillsLoss of Fundamental Movement Skills

Carries over to adulthoodCarries over to adulthood

Primary reason for inactivity as an adultPrimary reason for inactivity as an adult

Before advanced movements can be performed, fundamentalBefore advanced movements can be performed, fundamental

movements must be learned.movements must be learned.

Skill themesSkill themes fundamental movements that are later modified into morefundamental movements that are later modified into morespecialized patterns on which activities of increasing complexity arespecialized patterns on which activities of increasing complexity are

built.built.

Allows for the development of locomotor,manipulative, and nonAllows for the development of locomotor,manipulative, and non

manipulative skills.manipulative skills.

Allows children to participate in and enjoy sports.Allows children to participate in and enjoy sports.


15/20

15154/7/20114/7/2011

Strategies to promote physical activity.Strategies to promote physical activity.

Children must be able to engage inChildren must be able to engage in

activities that are appealing to them.activities that are appealing to them.

Children who voluntarily participate inChildren who voluntarily participate inphysical activity will be more likely tophysical activity will be more likely to

develop a physical activity habit.develop a physical activity habit.

How can we ensure that children canHow can we ensure that children can

engage in appealing activities?engage in appealing activities?Incorporate exercise through play.Incorporate exercise through play.


16/20

16164/7/20114/7/2011

Children must be taught fundamental movementChildren must be taught fundamental movement

skills at all stages of development.skills at all stages of development.

This will develop confidence in their physicalThis will develop confidence in their physical

abilities.abilities.

Community and school sports should beCommunity and school sports should be

supervised by knowledgeable, supportive adults.supervised by knowledgeable, supportive adults.

This includes p.e. classes.This includes p.e. classes.

Families must be encouraged to supportFamilies must be encouraged to support

physical activity.physical activity.School programs should include daily physicalSchool programs should include daily physical

activity.activity.


17/20

17174/7/20114/7/2011

Nutrition must also be addressedNutrition must also be addressed

Benefits of healthy eating:Benefits of healthy eating:

Helps young people grow, develop, and do well in schoolHelps young people grow, develop, and do well in school

Prevents health problems:Prevents health problems:

Overweight and obesityOverweight and obesity

Dental problemsDental problems

AnemiaAnemia Prevents hypokinetic diseases later in life.Prevents hypokinetic diseases later in life.

Daily energyDaily energy


18/20

18184/7/20114/7/2011

Consequences of unhealthy eatingConsequences of unhealthy eating

Behavioral problemsBehavioral problems

HungerHunger

Too much sugar and too little nutritionToo much sugar and too little nutrition

Poor intellectual performancePoor intellectual performance

Overweight and obesityOverweight and obesity

Eating disordersEating disorders

Early mortality during adulthoodEarly mortality during adulthood


19/20

19194/7/20114/7/2011

Current eating habits of American youthCurrent eating habits of American youth

84% eat too much fat84% eat too much fat

Only 1 in 5 youth eat the recommended fruit and veggiesOnly 1 in 5 youth eat the recommended fruit and veggies

Young girls do not take in enough calcium. (800mg compared to 1200Young girls do not take in enough calcium. (800mg compared to 1200

RDA.)RDA.)

One in 5 skip breakfast.One in 5 skip breakfast.13% of girls have eating disorders13% of girls have eating disorders


20/20

20204/7/20114/7/2011

What is healthy eating?What is healthy eating?

Eat a variety of foodsEat a variety of foods

Balance food intake with physical activityBalance food intake with physical activity

Eat plenty of fruit, veggies, and whole grains.Eat plenty of fruit, veggies, and whole grains.

Eat less fat, cholesterol, salt, sugar.Eat less fat, cholesterol, salt, sugar.

children _ lecture i230 (1)

Documents