chimney flue size rules_ flue diameter and height requirements for category i draft hood and fan...

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Chimney/Vent Sizing Tables &Formulas ShareThis

Size specification requirements for chimney flues and vents - diameter, height, etc.Flue diameter and height requirements for Category I Draft Hood and Fan Assisted Appliances"Smoke pipe" diameter sizes vs. BTUs or BTU venting requirementsTable of B-vent sizes vs. BTU input maximum ratings6 Factors that determine the required chimney/vent diameter for a given BTUH capacityWhy is a rectangular or square chimney flue clay tile liner translated into "round flue"equivalent square inches when determing chimney BTUH capacity?Chimney flue size requirements for fireplaces, boilers, furnaces, water heaters, coal stovesQuestions & Answers about size requirements for chimney fluesReferences

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This article describes the size requirements for chimney flues for different categories of heating appliances.We include excerpts from UMC tables along with additional commentary to assist in sizing metal or masonrychimneys according to chimney diameter, height, materials, and the input BTUH of the appliance(s) to bevented. .

As with most building nspection and safety topics, this material may be incomplete. Check with your localbuilding code officials for local building code requirements when designing, building, or installing chimneysand vents.

Green links show where you are. Copyright 2013 InspectAPedia.com, All Rights Reserved. Author Daniel Friedman.

Sizing of Chimney Flues, Flues, Vents - Category I Draft Hood andFan Assisted AppliancesThe old sheet metal workers rule of thumb was to size the chimney flue by taking the

square root of the sum of the squares of the appliance draft hood diameters

i.e.: a 3" plus a 4" appliance vent will require a 5" flue. ( 32 + 42 = 25. The square root of 25 = 5.)

NFPA 1992 (7.5.3) states that draft hood appliances, Category I appliances and other appliances that useType B vents must have a

chimney flue area not less than the area of the largest vent outlet plus 50% of the area of theadditional flue outlet.

The following calculation works out to be the same answer as the "Rule of Thumb" sizing, i.e.: (4/22 x 3.14= 12.56) + (3/22 x 3.14/2 = 3.53) = 16.09 / 3.14 = 5.1251/2 = 2.26 x 2 = 4.52" or 5".

The 1992 GAMA vent sizing tables for single-wall metal vent connectors attached to a tile lined masonrychimney uses Table 8. The result of those calculation using a 38,000 BTU water heater with a 3" draft hoodand a 37,500 BTU boiler with a 4" draft hood connected to a 20' high chimney is to use a common flue withan area of 28 square inches or a 6" flue vs a 5" flue in the previous examples.

These tables also indicate that a 3" vent is not capable of venting the 38,000 BTU water heater.

A 4" would be required. Also the flow area of the chimney must not be more that 7 times the area of thesmallest vent area. Therefore, 7 x 7.065 = 49.455 vs 28, a 6 inch flue pipe is ok. The maximum size fluethat could be used is 8 inch at 50.3.

Table of Chimney, Flue, or Vent Size Requirements vs. BTUs ofAppliances being Vented

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Chimney flue size rules: Flue diameter and height requirements for Ca... http://inspectapedia.com/chimneys/Chimney_Flue_Size.htm

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Watch out: you cannot safely choose a chimney flue diameter based only on the BTU input of theappliance(s) being vented. The required size or diameter of a metal chimney such as a B-vent depends onat least the following factors:

Chimney vent height: The total vent ("smoke pipe" or "chimney") height from the point of connectionof the appliance (or its flue vent connector pipe) to the top of the chimney opening (not the top of thechimney cap).

1.

Flue vent horizontal run: The total lateral or horizontal distance that the vent runs before turning toits vertical rise. The longer the horizontal run the greater chimney height is needed to developadequate draft. For that reason, in the table below you won't see any long horiontal run data for shortchimneys. For example in our first chimney sizing table below, if a chimney's total rise is just 6 ft., thenthe longest horiztontal run that chimney can support is 5 ft.

In some chimney sizing tables we consider not the horizontal run distance of the flue vent connectorbut its total rise over its run.

2.

Flue vent connector type: The use of single-wall (Table C-9-A) vs. double-walll B-Vent (Table C-9-B)of horizontal flue vent connectors ("smoke pipe" between the appliance and its connection to thevertical chimney).

The table below is for appliances connected through a single wall flue vent connector to a Type B Ventchimney. BTU capacities are increased if the flue vent connector is also a type B Double-wall system.[Table C-9-B in the same resource]. [10]

3.

Input BTUH capacity: The maximum total BTUs of the appliance(s) that will be connected to thechimney

4.

The number of appliances being vented. The first table below (Table C-9-A) gives chimney sizingdata for chimneys serving a single heating appliance. Do not Table C-9-A if multiple heating devicesare to be connected to a single vent (chimney).

When multiple heating appliances are connected to a single chimney, a different, more restricted tableof chimney size requirements is used (Table C-9-D or Table C-9-E, depending on the flue ventconnector material) and the total input BTUH capacity of a given flue diameter and height will be lessthan that where only a single appliance is used.

An additional restriction applies when a vent (chimney) is venting multiple heating appliances: there isa maximum input BTUH specified not only for the total of all appliances to be connected, but also amaximum input BTUH for any of the individual appliances.

So when selecting a chimney diameter for venting multiple heating appliances through a single vent,for any particular chimney type (Masonry vs. B-vent, for example) you will use two BTUH tables: atable of the maximum individual appliance BTUH and a table of the maximum combined appliancesinput BTUH.

5.

The chimney type used. The first two tables illustrated below are for B-Vent double wall metalchimneys, generally used for gas fired heating appliances.

Separate tables of chimney size requirements (Table C-9-C) is needed for masonry chimneys asthese have different heating and draft properties. The cross sectional shape of the chimney flue (forexample rectangular vs. round) in masonry chimneys also affects its BTU capacity. Insulated metalchimneys require still another table of BTU capacities.

6.

Generally, taller chimneys, larger diameter chimneys, and chimneys that are larger in diameter can supporta greater total BTU input load. The UMC table includes data for chimneys up to 12" in diameter and 50 ft. inheight but we have restricted our version to typical residential chimney diameters and heights.

Watch out: venting a small, low-BTUH appliance into a chimney of any type (masonry, metal, insulatedmetal, B-vent, etc) that is too large can be dangerous - the small appliance may be unable to heat thechimney to sufficient temperature to generate sufficient draft to vent the appliance safely. We find thisproblem in older homes where a residential gas-fired water heater is the sole appliance vented into a large,tall masonry chimney. You will see this restriction illustrated by the blank squares in the lower left corner ofthe table below.

For typical residential heating appliance BTU capacities, the following table provides examples of B-VentChimney (or "smoke pipe") sizing for common single-appliance BTU capacity and is adapted from the 1991Uniform Mechanical Code.[10]

A Guide to Chimney Sizing Tables for Venting Heating Appliances: Which ChimneySizing Table to Use

Here is a quick guide to the UMC's chimney sizing & BTUH venting capacity tables when sizing a metal ormasonry chimney diameter to match the total input BTUH of the heating appliances (boiler, furnace, waterheater) being vented. Note that different chimney sizes are required for venting fireplaces and woodstoves.Masonry fireplace chimney size requirements are at FIREPLACES & HEARTHS.

Chimney Type Number of Appliances to be Vented

Metal B-Vent Chimney (Vent)Type of Flue Vent Connector:1

Single Appliance Multiple Appliances

Which Chimney Flue / Vent Sizing Table to Use

Single Wall Flue Vent Connector Table C-9-A Table C-9-E(two part table)

Double Wall B-vent Flue Vent Connector1 Table C-9-BTable C-9-D(two part table)


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Masonry Chimney2

Single Wall Flue Vent Connector Table C-9-C Table C-9-F(two part table) Notes to the Table:

1. A flue vent connector is the horizontal/sloped metal pipe connecting the heating appliance to the entrypoint of the chimney. Flue vent connectors and their materials, sizing requirements, & fire clearances areat Flue Vent Connectors - Boilers, Furnaces

At double-wall B-vent chimneys the flue vent connector between the appliance and the chimney entrypoint may be single-wall metal flue vent connector or it may be a double-wall Type-B flue vent material.

2. At most masonry chimneys the flue vent connector or "stackpipe" or "smokepipe" is single wall metal,though for fire clearance needs it may be amended to use sections of insulated metal chimneys.

Types of metal chimneys and their properties and fire clearances are at Metal Chimneys & Flues.

Table C-9-A (Excerpts): Single Appliance Venting, B-Vent Chimney Capacities forVenting a Single Heating Appliance where a Single Wall Metal Flue Vent Connector isUsed Between the Appliance and the Chimney

BTU Color Coding Note: in the tables below we use colors to indicate where an example-approximateappliance BTUH vent capacity rating falls across various chimney parameter combinations. The Gray colorindicates that this chimney height and diameter combination cannot be used.

TotalChimney/Vent

Height (ft)

Lateral(horizontal)

Run (ft)

Table of B-Vent Diameter (inches) for a Single Appliance Chimney3 in. 4 in. 5 in. 6 in. 7 in. 8 in. Comments

Maximum (single) Appliance BTU Input Rating (thousands of BTUs)

6 ft.0 39 70 116 170 232 312 2 31 55 94 141 194 260 5 28 51 88 128 177 242

8 ft

0 42 76 126 185 252 340 2 32 61 102 154 210 284 5 29 56 95 141 194 264 10 49 86 131 180 250

10 ft

0 45 84 138 202 279 372 2 35 67 111 168 233 311 5 32 61 104 153 215 289 10 54 94 143 200 274 15 84 130 186 258

15 ft.

0 49 91 151 223 312 420 2 39 72 122 186 260 350 5 67 110 170 240 325 10 103 158 223 308 15 144 207 291 20 195 273

20 ft.

101 163 252 342 470 770 80 136 210 286 392 641

123 192 264 364 610 178 246 345 571 163 228 326 550

306 525

30 ft.

183 276 384 529 878 230 320 441 730 210 296 410 694

274 388 656 366 625 344 596

540

Table C-9-B (Excerpts): Single Appliance Venting, B-Vent Chimney Capacities forVenting a Single Heating Appliance where a Double-Wall B-Vent Flue Vent Connectoris Used Between the Appliance and the Chimney

TotalChimney/Vent

Height (ft)

Lateral(horizontal)

Run (ft)

Table of B-Vent Diameter (inches) for a Single Appliance Chimney3 in. 4 in. 5 in. 6 in. 7 in. 8 in. CommentsMaximum (single) Appliance BTU Input Rating (thousands of BTUs)

6 ft.0 46 86 141 205 285 370 2 36 67 105 157 217 285 6 32 61 100 149 205 273


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12 28 55 91 137 190 255

8 ft

0 50 94 155 235 320 415 2 40 75 120 180 247 322 8 35 66 109 165 227 303 16 28 58 96 148 206 281

10 ft

0 53 100 166 255 345 450 2 42 81 129 195 273 355 10 36 70 115 175 245 330 20 60 100 154 217 300

15 ft.

0 58 112 187 285 390 525 2 48 93 150 225 316 414 15 37 76 128 198 275 373 30 60 107 169 243 328

20 ft.

0 61 119 202 307 430 575 2 51 100 166 249 346 470 10 44 89 150 228 321 443 20 35 78 134 206 295 410 30 68 120 186 273 380

30 ft.

0 64 128 220 336 475 650 2 56 112 185 280 394 535 20 90 154 237 343 473 40 200 298 415

Table C-9-C (Excerpts): Single Appliance Venting, BTU Capacity of MasonryChimneys where a Single Wall Metal Flue Vent Connector is Used Between theAppliance and the Chimney

TotalChimney/Vent

Height (ft)

Lateral(horizontal)

Run (ft)

Table of B-Vent Diameter (inches) for a Single Appliance Chimney3 in. 4 in. 5 in. 6 in. 7 in. 8 in. CommentsMaximum (single) Appliance BTU Input Rating (thousands of BTUs)

6 ft.

2 28 52 86 130 180 247 5 48 81 118 164 230

8 ft

2 29 55 93 145 197 265 5 51 87 133 182 246 10 79 123 169 233

10 ft

2 31 61 102 161 220 297 5 56 95 147 203 276 10 86 137 189 261 15 125 175 246

15 ft.

2 67 113 178 249 335 5 61 106 163 230 312 10 96 151 214 294 15 138 198 278 20 184 261

20 ft.

2 73 123 200 273 374 5 115 183 252 348 10 170 235 330 15 156 217 311 20 202 292

30 ft.

2 136 215 302 420 5 196 279 391 10 260 370 15 349 20 327

Table C-9-D (Excerpts): Multiple Appliance BTU Vent Capacity of Type B Double-WallVents where a Double Wall Metal B-Flue Vent Connector is Used Between the


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Appliance and the Chimney

Watch out: the first portion of Table C-9-D specifies the maximum input BTUH capacity of any individualheating appliance that is to be vented along with other appliances out through a single chimney. Thecontinuation of C-9-D below gives the chimney specifications for the total input BTUH of all of theappliances, combined.

TotalChimney/Vent

Height (ft)

ConnectorRise (ft)

over its run

Table of B-Vent Diameter (inches) for a Multiple Appliance Chimney3 in. 4 in. 5 in. 6 in. 7 in. 8 in. Comments

Maximum [Individual] Appliance BTU Input Rating (thousands ofBTUs)

6 ft.

1 26 46 72 104 142 185 2 31 55 86 124 168 220

3 35 62 96 139 189 248

8 ft

1 27 48 76 109 148 194 2 32 57 90 129 175 230 3 36 64 101 145 198 258

10 ft

1 28 50 78 113 154 200 2 33 59 93 134 182 238 3 37 67 104 150 205 268

15 ft.

1 30 53 83 120 163 214 2 35 63 99 142 193 253 3 40 71 111 160 218 286

20 ft.

1 31 56 87 125 171 224 2 37 66 104 149 202 265 3 42 74 116 168 228 300

30 ft.

1 33 59 93 134 182 238 2 39 70 110 158 215 282 3 44 79 124 178 242 317

Table C-9-D (Excerpts Continued): Multi-Appliance BTUH Venting Capacity of Type-BDouble-Wall Vents [Chimneys] with Type-B flue vent connectors

This table gives the chimney specifications for the total input BTUH of all of the appliances combined andjoined into a single vent when the flue is a Type-B double wall metal chimney and when the flue ventconnector (between the appliance and the chimney entry point) is also a Type-B double wall unit.

Common [2 or more heating appliance] Vent Capacity in BTUH

Total Vent[Chimney]Height (feet)

Diameter (inches) of the Commmon Vent [Chimney]

3 4 in 5 in 6 in 7 in 8 in 10 in6 65 103 147 200 260 4108 73 114 163 223 290 46510 79 124 178 242 315 49515 91 144 206 280 365 56520 102 160 229 310 405 64030 118 185 266 360 470 44040 131 203 295 405 525 820

Table C-9-E (Excerpts) Multi-Appliance BTUH Venting Capacity of Double-Wall B-VentChimneys where a single-wall metal vent connector is used between the appliancesand the chimney

This two-part table gives the chimney specifications for the total input BTUH of all of the appliancescombined and joined into a single vent when the flue is a Type-B double wall metal chimney and when theflue vent connector (between the appliance and the chimney entry point) is a single wall metal component.

Multiple-Appliance Single-Wall Flue Vent Connector Capacity

Total Vent[Chimney]

Height (feet)

Flue VentConnectorTotal Rise(feet)

Flue Vent Connector Diameter in Inches

3 in. 4 in 5 in 6 in 7 in 8 in

Maximum [Individual] Appliance Input BTUH Rating (Thousands of BTUs)6 to 8 Ft 1 ft 21 102 205


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2 ft 28 124 2353 ft 34 147 275

15 ft

1 ft 23 117 2402 ft 30 134 2653 ft 35 155 298

30 ft & up

1 ft 25 129 2702 ft 31 145 2953 ft 36 164 321

Multiple-Appliance Common Vent [Chimney] Capacity - Type B-Vent

Total Vent [Chimney]Height (feet)

Diameter (inches) of the Commmon Vent [Chimney]4 in 5 in 6 in 7 in 8 in 10 in 12 inMaximum Combined Input BTUH (thousands) for All of the Appliances

6 48 78 111 155 205 3208 55 89 128 175 234 365 50510 59 95 136 190 250 395 56015 71 115 168 228 305 480 69020 80 129 186 260 340 550 79030 147 215 300 40 650 94050 360 490 810 1190

Table C-9-F (Excerpts) Multi-Appliance BTUH Venting Capacity of Masonry Chimneyswhere a single-wall metal vent connector is used between the appliances and thechimney

This two-part table gives the chimney specifications for the total input BTUH of all of the appliancescombined and joined into a single vent when the flue is a masonry chimney and when the flue ventconnector (between the appliance and the chimney entry point) is a single wall metal component.

Multiple-Appliance Single-Wall Flue Vent Connector Capacity

Total Vent[Chimney]

Height (feet)

Flue VentConnectorTotal Rise(feet)

Flue Vent Connector Diameter in Inches

3 in. 4 in 5 in 6 in 7 in 8 in

Maximum [Individual] Appliance Input BTUH Rating (Thousands of BTUs)

6 to 8 Ft

1 ft 21 100 2002 ft 28 123 2313 ft 34 142 269

15 ft

1 ft 23 112 2252 ft 30 132 2563 ft 34 151 289

30 ft & up

1 ft 24 124 2502 ft 31 142 2823 ft 35 160 312

Multiple-Appliance Common Vent [Chimney] Capacity - Type B-Vent

Total Vent [Chimney] Height(feet)

Minimum Inernal Area [horizontal cross section] of the Chimney Flue(square inches)

18 in 28 in 38 in 50 in 78 in 113 inMaximum Combined Input BTUH (thousands) for All of the Appliances

6 45 71 102 142 2458 52 81 118 162 277 40510 56 89 129 175 300 45015 66 105 150 210 360 54020 74 120 170 240 415 64030 135 195 275 490 74050 325 600 910

Details About Chimney Cross Sectional Areas and Effecs on Venting Capacity ofMasonry Chimneys - Translating Rectangular Chimney Flues to Round FlueEquivalents

The UMC Appendix C Table C9-G, "Masonry Chimney Liner Dimensions with Circular Equivalents"translates square or rectangular chimney flue inside dimensions into an equivalent "round" flue diameter


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and into equivalent square inches of venting capacity.

Why does this translation matter? The venting capacity of a rectangular or square masonry flue, iftranslated directly into actual or measured square inches of cross section, is less than a round chimney flueof the same square inches of venting capacity.

For example an 8" x 8" square nominal clay chimney flue tile liner has inside dimensions of 6 3/4" x 6 3/4".Just muliplying these dimensions together (6.75 x 6.75) = 45.56 sq.in. But chimney experts and draftmeasurements show that in a rectangular flue not all of the cross-sectional area is equally effective indeveloping draft. The effective square inches of venting area, translated to an equivalent round flue, wouldbe less - or aboutd 42.7 square inches.

So when calculating the venting capacity of a square or rectangular clay chimney flue tile or liner by lookingat its cross section, we use the UMC's Table C9-G of "round chimney flue equivalents" to get the effectivechimney flue vent cross sectional area before we enter the masonry chimney BTUH venting capacity tables6-9-C (single wall flue vent connectors and single heating appliances) or 6-9-F (single wall flue ventconnectors and multiple appliances).

[Note: pending clarification, we have not provided excerpts of Table C-9-G because, frankly, some of itsdata is confusing. - Ed.]

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Carson, Dunlop & Associates Ltd., 120 Carlton Street Suite 407,Toronto ON M5A 4K2. (416) 964-9415 [email protected]. The firm provides professional homeinspection services & home inspection education & publications. AlanCarson is a past president of ASHI, the American Society of Home

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Commercial Building Inspection Courses - protocol ASTM Standard E 2018-08 for PropertyCondition AssessmentsHome Inspection Education Courses including home study & live classes at eleven colleges &universities.Home Inspection Education Home Study Courses - ASHI@Home Training 10-course program.Special Offer: Carson Dunlop Associates offers InspectAPedia readers in the U.S.A. a 5% discount on these courses:Enter INSPECTAHITP in the order payment page "Promo/Redemption" space. InspectAPedia.com editor DanielFriedman is a contributing author.The Home Reference Book, a reference & inspection report product for building owners &inspectors.Special Offer: For a 10% discount on any number of copies of the Home Reference Book purchased as a singleorder. Enter INSPECTAHRB in the order payment page "Promo/Redemption" space. InspectAPedia.com editor DanielFriedman is a contributing author.The Home Reference eBook, an electronic version for PCs, the iPad, iPhone, & Android smartphones.Special Offer: For a 5% discount on any number of copies of the Home Reference eBook purchased as a singleorder. Enter inspectaehrb in the order payment page "Promo/Redemption" space.The Illustrated Home illustrates construction details and building components, a reference forowners & inspectors.Special Offer: For a 5% discount on any number of copies of the Illustrated Home purchased as a single order EnterINSPECTAILL in the order payment page "Promo/Redemption" space.The Horizon Software System manages business operations,scheduling, & inspection reportwriting using Carson Dunlop's knowledge base & color images. The Horizon system runs onalways-available cloud-based software for office computers, laptops, tablets, iPad, Android, &other smartphones.

Thanks to Luke Barnes for suggesting that we add text regarding the hazards of shared chimneyflues. USMA - Sept. 2008.[2] Arlene Puentes, an ASHI member and a licensed home inspector in Kingston, NY, and has servedon ASHI national committees as well as HVASHI Chapter President. Ms. Puentes can be contacted [email protected][3] Roger Hankey is principal of Hankey and Brown home inspectors, Eden Prairie, MN, technicalreview by Roger Hankey, prior chairman, Standards Committee, American Society of HomeInspectors - ASHI. 952 829-0044 - hankeyandbrown.com[4] NFPA 211 - Standards for Chimneys & Fireplaces, NFPA 211: Standard for Chimneys, Fireplaces,Vents, and Solid Fuel-Burning Appliances, 2006 Edition (older editions and standards are found at thesame bookstore)NFPA #211-3.1 1988 - Specific to chimneys, fireplaces, vents and solid fuel burning appliances.

Chimney Flue Caps Residential HVAC Chimney Dampers Chimney Repairs


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[6] NFPA # 54-7.1 1992 - Specific to venting of equipment with fan-assisted combustion systems.[7] GAMA - Gas Appliance Manufacturers' Association has prepared venting tables for Category I drafthood equipped central furnaces as well as fan-assisted combustion system central furnaces.[8] National Fuel Gas Code, an American National Standard, 4th ed. 1988 (newer edition is available)Secretariats, American Gas Association (AGA), 1515 Wilson Blvd., Arlington VA22209, and NationalFire Protection Association (NFPA), Batterymarch Park, Quincy MA 02269. ANSI Z223.1-1988 - NFPA54-1988. WARNING: be sure to check clearances and other safety guidelines in the latest edition ofthese standards.[9] Fire Inspector Guidebook, A Correlation of Fire Safety Requirements Contained in the 1987 BOCANational Codes, (newer edition available), Building Officials and Code Administrators International,Inc. (BOCA), Country Club HIlls, IL 60478 312-799-2300 4th ed. Note: this document is reissuedevery four years. Be sure to obtain the latest edition.[10] Uniform Mechanical Code - UMC 1991, Sec 913 (a.) Masonry Chimneys, refers to Chapters 23,29, and 37 of the Building Code.See the complete table of the "Capacity of Double-Wall or Asbestos-Cement (Transite) Type B ventswith Single Wall Connectors Serving a Single Appliance", Table C-9-A in Appendix C.See the complete table of the "Capacity of Type B Double Wall Vents with Type B Double Wall VentConnectors Serving a Single Appliance", Table C-9-B in Appendix C.New York 1984 Uniform Fire Prevention and Building Code, Article 10, Heating, Ventilating, and AirConditioning Requirements[11] New York 1979 Uniform Fire Prevention & Building Code, The "requirement" for 8" of solidmasonry OR for use of a flue liner was listed in the One and Two Family Dwelling Code for New York,in 1979, in Chapter 9, Chimneys and Fireplaces, New York 1979 Building and Fire Prevention Code:[12] "Top Ten Chimney (and related) Problems Encountered by One Chimney Sweep," Hudson ValleyASHI education seminar, 3 January 2000, contributed by Bob Hansen, ASHI[13] Chimney Inspection Checklist, Carson Dunlop, Associates, Toronto, Ontario"Rooftop View Turns to Darkness," Martine Costello, Josh Kovner, New Haven Register, 12 May 1992p. 11: Catherine Murphy was sunning on a building roof when a chimney collapsed; she fell into andwas trapped inside the chimney until rescued by emergency workers.[14] "Chimneys and Vents," Mark J. Reinmiller, P.E., ASHI Technical Journal, Vol. 1 No. 2 July 1991 p.34-38.[15] "Chimney Inspection Procedures & Codes," Donald V. Cohen was to be published in the firstvolume of the 1994 ASHI Technical Journal by D. Friedman, then editor/publisher of that publication.The production of the ASHI Technical Journal and future editions was cancelled by ASHI PresidentPatrick Porzio. Some of the content of Mr. Cohen's original submission has been included in this morecomplete chimney inspection article: InspectAPedia.com/chimneys/chimneys.htm. Copies of earliereditions of the ASHI Technical Journal are available from ASHI, the American Society of HomeInspectors.[16] Natural Gas Weekly Update: http://tonto.eia.doe.gov/oog/info/ngw/ngupdate.asp Official EnergyStatistics from the U.S. Government[17] US Energy Administration: Electrical Energy Costs http://www.eia.doe.gov/fuelelectric.html

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Carson Dunlop, Associates, Toronto, have provided us with (and we recommend) Carson DunlopWeldon & Associates' Technical Reference Guide to manufacturer's model and serial numberinformation for heating and cooling equipmentSpecial Offer: Carson Dunlop Associates offers InspectAPedia readers in the U.S.A. a 5% discount on any number of copiesof the Technical Reference Guide purchased as a single order. Just enter INSPECTATRG in the order payment page"Promo/Redemption" space.Fireplace & Chimney Design, Repair Books - Fireplaces, Chimneys: design, repairFireplace & Chimney Inspection Books - Inspecting and diagnosing chimney problems, fireplaceproblems, chimney & fireplace standardsCeramic Roofware, Hans Van Lemmen, Shire Library, 2008, ISBN-13: 978-0747805694 - Brickchimneys, chimney-pots and roof and ridge tiles have been a feature of the roofs of a wide range ofbuildings since the late Middle Ages. In the first instance this ceramic roofware was functional - tomake the roof weatherproof and to provide an outlet for smoke - but it could also be very decorative.The practical and ornamental aspects of ceramic roofware can still be seen throughout Britain,


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particularly on buildings of the Victorian and Edwardian periods. Not only do these often have ornatechimneys and roof tiles but they may also feature ornamental sculptures or highly decorative gableends. This book charts the history of ceramic roofware from the Middle Ages to the present day,highlighting both practical and decorative applications, and giving information about manufacturersand on the styles and techniques of production and decoration.Hans van Lemmen is an established author on the history of tiles and has lectured on the subject inBritain and elsewhere. He is founder member and presently publications editor of the British Tiles andArchitectural Ceramics Society. Available at the InspectAPedia Bookstore.Chimney Inspection Checklist, Carson Dunlop, Associates, Toronto, OntarioChimney & Stack Inspection Guidelines, American Society of Civil Engineers, 2003 - These guidelinesaddress the inspection of chimneys and stacks. Each guideline assists owners in determining whatlevel of inspection is appropriate to a particular chimney and provides common criteria so that allparties involved have a clear understanding of the scope of the inspection and the end productrequired. Each chimney or stack is a unique structure, subject to both aggressive operating andnatural environments, and degradation over time. Such degradation may be managed via a prudentinspection program followed by maintenance work on any equipment or structure determined to be inneed of attention. Sample inspection report specifications, sample field inspection data forms, and anexample of a developed plan of a concrete chimney are included in the guidelines. This book providesa valuable guidance tool for chimney and stack inspections and also offers a set of references forthese particular inspections.Fireplaces, a Practical Design Guide, Jane GitlinFireplaces, Friend or Foe, Robert D. MayoNFPA 211 - Standards for Chimneys & Fireplaces, NFPA 211: Standard for Chimneys, Fireplaces,Vents, and Solid Fuel-Burning Appliances, 2006 Edition (older editions and standards are found at thesame bookstore)Principles of Home Inspection: Chimneys & Wood Heating (Principles of Home Inspection), CarsonDunlopNFPA 211 - 3-1.10 - Relining guide for chimneysNFPA 211 - 3-2 - Construction of Masonry ChimneysNFPA 211 - 3-3 - Termination Height for chimneysNFPA 211 - 3-4 - Clearance from Combustible MaterialNFPA 54 - 7-1 - Venting of Equipment into chimneysBrick Institute of America - Flashing ChimneysBrick Institute of America - Proper Chimney CrownsBrick Institute of America - Moisture Resistance of BrickAmerican Gas Association - New Vent Sizing TablesChimney Safety Institute of America - Chimney Fires: Causes, Effects, EvaluationNational Chimney Sweep Guild - Yellow Pages of Suppliers...

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