china and japan in the imperial period - … · imperial japan japan became greatest asian power...
TRANSCRIPT
CHINA
AND THE
WEST
Largely self-sufficient
• Agriculture
• Spanish and Portuguese brought
maize, sweet potatoes, and
peanuts
• Mining and manufacturing
• Salt, tin, silver, and iron
• Trading goods
• Silk, cottons, porcelain
• No interest in Western goods
• Only allowed to trade at the port
of Guangzhou
OPIUM WARS
One good the Chinese trade –
opium
• British refused to stop trading it
• Lead to Opium Wars
• Chinese lose
• Forced to sign Treaty of
Nanjing
• British get Hong Kong
• Foreigners no longer
subject to Chinese law
Qing Dynasty
• Widespread hunger and anger
• Chinese people rebel
Taiping Rebellion
• Led by Hong Xiuquan
• “Heavenly Kingdom of Great
Peace”
• All share China’s wealth
• Hong built peasant army and
captured S. China
• Problems: constant feuding among
leaders
• British and French attacked
sided with the Qing
TAIPING REBELLION
FOREIGN INFLUENCE
GROWS
Dowager Empress Cixi
• Supported reforms
• Better education system,
diplomatic service, and military
Sphere of Influence
• Japan gain foothold in China
• Open Door Policy
• US - China should be open to
merchants of all nations
• Kept China from being controlled
by any one nation
CHINESE NATIONALISM
Boxer Rebellion
• Against Empress’s rule and
foreign intervention
• Defeated by multinational army
• Consequence: Growth of
nationalism
• Needed to be more resistant
to foreign intervention
• Government must respond to
the needs of the people
END OF THE TOKUGAWA
SHOGUN
1600-1853 Japan was isolated
1853 – Perry and the US
• Angry over shipwrecked
sailors
TREATY OF KANAGAWA –
• Signed to allow US ships into
the ports of Hakodate and
Shimoda, where a US consul
would also be accepted
• First treaty Japan signed with a
Western country
SAMURAI REBELLION AGAINST
WESTERN INFLUENCE
Sat-Cho (Satsuma – Choshu)
Alliance
• Defeated by the US
• Japan need to militarize to
survive
Sat – Cho coup over
Tokugawa Shogunate
MEIJI
RESTORATI
ON
Sat-Cho emperor replaced shogun
Modernize and Westernize
• Politics – prefects replace daimyos
• Prime Minister and Parliament gov’t w/ Emperor
• Military – based on the Prussian model
Iwakara Mission: Took ideas from other countries:
• France – Law
• Prussia (soon to be Germany) – Military, steel, medicine
• Britain – navy
• US – mechanized agriculture
IMPERIAL JAPAN
Japan became greatest
Asian power
• Imperialistic
• Desire to prove power
Sino-Japanese War
• Korea - important trading partner
• Japan and China sign hands-off
agreement - neither would send
armies
• But because of rebellions, China
sent troops
• Japan easily defeated the
Chinese
• Consequence: Japan gained first
colonies: Taiwan and Pescadores
Islands