chipping vs grinding - cif-ifc.org · microsoft powerpoint - comminuition 2 [read-only] author:...
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Lars Eliasson
Chipping vs GrindingExperiences from Sweden
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Primary forest fuels• 20.1 TWh 2013
(7.6 million tonnes @40% M)• 18 TWh 2014
(6.8 million tonnes @40% M)
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Market situation – Primary fuels• Low prices• Increased use of other fuels• Low demand (mild winters)
0,05,0
10,015,020,025,030,035,0
CA
D/M
Wh
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Operational costs
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
Residues Small trees Defect wood
CA
D/M
Wh
Administrative
Transport
Comminution
Harvesting
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Operational costsLow utilization• Scheduled hours/year• During scheduled time
High investments
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Effects on transport economy15 - 25 %, loads 18-25 tonnes
35 - 40 %, loads 28-34 tonnes 50 - 65 %, loads > 35 tonnes
25 - 45 %
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Landings • Limited space• Other vehicles• Road quality
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Avlägget Space- Stacked material - Chips, containers
or Chip trucks- Chipper- Possible to turn
trucks
Avoid interactionsAccess the material
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MC = 36 %
MC =48 %Landings
• Accesible material – if possible at roadside
• Right side of the road
• DRYING
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Efficient operations• Planning and
selection of landings• Adequate hauling
capacity• Selecting suitable
Grinders or Chippersfor the work task
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Reduce the distance from stack to reloading point
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Interactions
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Comminution
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Where?
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Grinders vs ChippersGrinders Chippers
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Grinders on landings
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Grinders vs ChippersGrinders are• Less sensitive to
contamination• Handle all materials• Needs a separate loader
Chippers are• Smaller• Often integrated• Fuel efficient
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System options
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ConclusionsWe chip clean fuels – contaminated fuels are groundWe comminuite• Residues, small trees and stumps on the landing• Round wood, tree sections and stumps at terminal or end
userTransports are vital for efficient operations