chm 101/102 laboratory manual fermentation and distillation general chemistry 101/102 laboratory...
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CHM 101/102CHM 101/102
Laboratory ManualLaboratory ManualLaboratory Manual
Fermentation and DistillationFermentation and Distillation
General Chemistry 101/102General Chemistry 101/102Laboratory ManualLaboratory Manual
University of North Carolina at WilmingtonUniversity of North Carolina at Wilmington
CHM 101/102CHM 101/102
Laboratory ManualLaboratory ManualLaboratory Manual
Fermentation and DistillationFermentation and Distillation
• PurposePurpose To demonstrate the production of ethanol by the To demonstrate the production of ethanol by the
process of fermentation.process of fermentation. Use the technique of distillation to separate a Use the technique of distillation to separate a
homogeneous mixturehomogeneous mixture into its individual into its individual components.components.
• Safety ConsiderationsSafety Considerations Do Do notnot drink the alcohol you produce in this drink the alcohol you produce in this
experiment!experiment! Discard the Ca(OH)Discard the Ca(OH)22 and paraffin oil in the labeled and paraffin oil in the labeled
bottle in the hood. Flush all other materials down bottle in the hood. Flush all other materials down the drain with plenty of water.the drain with plenty of water.
CHM 101/102CHM 101/102
Laboratory ManualLaboratory ManualLaboratory Manual
Fermentation and DistillationFermentation and Distillation
• ProcedureProcedure Place sugar, Pasteur salts, and deionized water Place sugar, Pasteur salts, and deionized water
into a 250 mL flask and swirl. Add yeast and swirl into a 250 mL flask and swirl. Add yeast and swirl again.again.
Fill a medium test tube Fill a medium test tube 1/3-full with Ca(OH)1/3-full with Ca(OH)22
and add 5 drops of and add 5 drops of paraffin oil.paraffin oil.
Setup the apparatus as Setup the apparatus as shown in the photo.shown in the photo.
make sure end of tube is below paraffin oil
CHM 101/102CHM 101/102
Laboratory ManualLaboratory ManualLaboratory Manual
Fermentation and DistillationFermentation and Distillation
• ProcedureProcedure Decant the fermentation mixture into a clean 250 Decant the fermentation mixture into a clean 250
mL flask.mL flask.
Gently boil the solution Gently boil the solution while collecting the while collecting the distillate in the test tube. distillate in the test tube. Collect about 6 mL of Collect about 6 mL of distillate.distillate.
Setup the distillation apparatus as shown in the Setup the distillation apparatus as shown in the photo below.photo below.
glass tubing should end here
CHM 101/102CHM 101/102
Laboratory ManualLaboratory ManualLaboratory Manual
Fermentation and DistillationFermentation and Distillation
• ProcedureProcedure Use about 4 mL of your alcohol Use about 4 mL of your alcohol
to determine its density. Use to determine its density. Use the graph of Proof vs. Density to the graph of Proof vs. Density to determine its proof.determine its proof.
Place 10 drops of your alcohol in a watch glass Place 10 drops of your alcohol in a watch glass and attempt to ignite it with your Bunsen burner. If and attempt to ignite it with your Bunsen burner. If it burns on its own, it is at least 40 proof.it burns on its own, it is at least 40 proof.
CHM 101/102CHM 101/102
Laboratory ManualLaboratory ManualLaboratory Manual
Fermentation and DistillationFermentation and Distillation
• ProcedureProcedure Each group will determine the mass of an assigned Each group will determine the mass of an assigned
volume of bourbon. Record the mass and volume of volume of bourbon. Record the mass and volume of your bourbon sample on the board.your bourbon sample on the board.
Using the class data, construct a graph of mass vs. Using the class data, construct a graph of mass vs. volume for all the bourbon samples. Draw a “best volume for all the bourbon samples. Draw a “best fit” straight line through your data.fit” straight line through your data.
CHM 101/102CHM 101/102
Laboratory ManualLaboratory ManualLaboratory Manual
Fermentation and DistillationFermentation and Distillation
• ProcedureProcedure Determine the slope of your “best fit” straight line. Determine the slope of your “best fit” straight line.
This is the density of the bourbon. Determine its This is the density of the bourbon. Determine its proof from the Proof vs. Density graph.proof from the Proof vs. Density graph.
slope =YX
slope =mass2 – mass1
vol2 – vol1
X
Y