choosing materials in interior design for all centuries or periods

StSt. Scholastica’s Scholastica’s CollegeCollegeInteriorInterior DesignDesign DepartmentDepartment


Arch’t. Larry Angelo A. Carandang MSCM Arch’t. Larry Angelo A. Carandang MSCM uap-piiduap-piid

A Lecture SeriesA Lecture SeriesA Lecture SeriesA Lecture Series

When do Interior Designers come in to work on a project? When do Interior Designers come in to work on a project?

• Brand new project • Brand new project

o Work with Design team ( Architect ), from conceptiono Work with Design team ( Architect ), from conception

o After completion of structureo After completion of structure

• Renovation, Improvements, Reuse • Renovation, Improvements, Reuse

Influential Factors Influential Factors

• Client Preferences• Client Preferences

• Design requirements• Design requirements

o Personalo Personalo Current available & factual datao Current available & factual data

o Purpose or Useo Purpose or Use

o Technicalo Technical

o Locational & Regional influenceso Locational & Regional influences

Assessing the Possibilities Assessing the Possibilities

• The General Analysis• The General Analysis

o Is it possible to establish an exact desired style for the project?

o Is it possible to establish an exact desired style for the project?

o Has the project undergone any alterations which have

changed its appearance?

o Has the project undergone any alterations which have

changed its appearance?

o Have the walls & windows been taken out, moved?o Have the walls & windows been taken out, moved?

o Has an extension or any attachments been built?o Has an extension or any attachments been built?

o What were the room(s) originally or previously used for?o What were the room(s) originally or previously used for?

Look closely at their overall scale & proportion. Look closely at their overall scale & proportion.

o Is it feasible to impose another style on the project w/o destroying its previous character and features?

o Is it feasible to impose another style on the project w/o destroying its previous character and features?

o If the character of the project is modern or contemporary, can you realistically introduce a period style or vice versa?

o If the character of the project is modern or contemporary, can you realistically introduce a period style or vice versa?


• The Practical Considerations• The Practical Considerations

o How much can the client afford – Budget, budget, budget!o How much can the client afford – Budget, budget, budget!

o In what ways can you adapt the style chosen to suit the needs of the project?

o In what ways can you adapt the style chosen to suit the needs of the project?

o What allied professional advice will you need for the project?o What allied professional advice will you need for the project?

o Are there any building regulations and/or preservation guidelines to consider?

o Are there any building regulations and/or preservation guidelines to consider?

o What interior materials are currently available for the use in the project?

o What interior materials are currently available for the use in the project?

o Analyse the basic structure and the existing architectural features.

o Analyse the basic structure and the existing architectural features.

o Try to establish what is missing and/or taken out.o Try to establish what is missing and/or taken out.

o Do research! ex. Old documents & pictures; examine similar projects, study period settings relative to the project, etc.

o Do research! ex. Old documents & pictures; examine similar projects, study period settings relative to the project, etc.


• A Practical Approach• A Practical Approach

o Find the right fixtures and fittings respective of the project at hand

o Find the right fixtures and fittings respective of the project at hand

o Use decorating/accessorizing techniques and materials in keeping in the right style: know when it is reasonable to choose less expensive alternatives.

o Use decorating/accessorizing techniques and materials in keeping in the right style: know when it is reasonable to choose less expensive alternatives.

o Be flexible! Once you have decided on the extent of your design, make sure you match it to with surrounding environment.

o Be flexible! Once you have decided on the extent of your design, make sure you match it to with surrounding environment.

o Blend electrical & lighting outlets into the background, being particularly careful when putting bathroom and kitchen fixtures/fittings, they should be appropriate to the chosen style or design character.

o Blend electrical & lighting outlets into the background, being particularly careful when putting bathroom and kitchen fixtures/fittings, they should be appropriate to the chosen style or design character.

Early Styles of Interior Designing and Decorating

Early Styles of Interior Designing and Decorating

• The most significant factors in the history of Interior design are:• The most significant factors in the history of Interior design are:

o Socialo Socialo Politicalo Political

o Artistic / Aestheticso Artistic / Aestheticso Technologicalo Technological

Early Italian Renaissance Early Italian Renaissance

o Contrasting white or pale-blond plastered wall surfaceso Contrasting white or pale-blond plastered wall surfaceso Grey stone mouldingso Grey stone mouldings

o Antique motifs in furniture, like pediments over doorwayso Antique motifs in furniture, like pediments over doorways

- This decorative element paved the way tothe classical movement in the U.S. and

the rest of Europe

- This decorative element paved the way tothe classical movement in the U.S. and

the rest of Europe

o Tapestries & turkish rugs were applied to walls & ceilingso Tapestries & turkish rugs were applied to walls & ceilings

o elaborately carved and inlayed furniture pieceso elaborately carved and inlayed furniture pieces

o Tables of monumental proportions, topped with dazzlingly coloured inlaid marbles.

o Tables of monumental proportions, topped with dazzlingly coloured inlaid marbles.

o Large beds with grandoise hangingso Large beds with grandoise hangings

The noble proportions and

sophisticated wall decorations are

particularly noteworthy as they were far advanced

of other developments in the rest of Europe from the 14th to the early

17th century.

• Material & Finishes

- Solid wood to be painted off-white

for doors and furnitures

- Marble slab for flooring and

furniture inlays

- Stucco cement finish for walls, in

non-polish or matte finish.

Renaissance-style panelling adorned walls towards the

later part of the 16th to the early part of

the 18th century

• Materials & Finishes

- Wall panelling are made of solid

wood planks, either painted off-white or bleached in milky shade of

matte finish.- Decorative wood beams in ceilings

are in light oak shade in matte

finish.

Decorative elements and pieces of

furniture were eclectic by choice,

maintaining the off- white and bleached

wall finish.

Renaissance-style panelling adorned walls towards the

later part of the 16th to the early part of

the 18th century


- Accent Wall panelling are made of solid wood planks, varnished in

mahogany or wallnut shade in high gloss finish

with inlay and carving designs

- Solid wood planks for staircases, finished from matte to semi-gloss

Staircase step design are more

sophisticated and offered an open wall

variety

The Dawn of Baroque The Dawn of Baroque

o Frescoes for walls and ceilingso Frescoes for walls and ceilings

o Elaborately moulded ornamental stucco work on walls with gold painted frames and inlays

o Elaborately moulded ornamental stucco work on walls with gold painted frames and inlays

- Marble & solid wood planks for floors - Marble & solid wood planks for floors

Baroque-style walls have either

wallpaper prints or fresco paintings.


- Ivory & exotic wood inlays, in various colours then varnished

over.

- Solid wood planks for flooring, sometimes laid out as parquet in

larger cuts, on a herringbone pattern

Furnishings are used both as

decorative element as well as

comfortable pieces to use.

- Silk fabrics used for draperies

- Rugs and Carpets for

tapestries on walls

Baroque-style walls have either

wallpaper prints or fresco paintings.


- Ivory & exotic wood inlays, in various colours then varnished

over.

Furnishings are used both as

decorative element as well as

comfortable pieces to use.

- Thin wood mouldings on

lower panellings, painted with gold

dust

- Elaborately moulded ornamental stucco work on walls with gold painted frames and inlays and

printed wallpaper.

The Early American Period The Early American Period

o Had the influences of Baroque & Renaissanceo Had the influences of Baroque & Renaissance

- Plastered & whitewashed interior walls on chimney areas - Plastered & whitewashed interior walls on chimney areas

- Copper plate engravings on wall decors as well asIn the furniture pieces

- Copper plate engravings on wall decors as well asIn the furniture pieces

- Leather use started to dominate, to take the place of rugs &tapestries, especially in eating areas, because it absorbs the scent

of food

- Leather use started to dominate, to take the place of rugs &tapestries, especially in eating areas, because it absorbs the scent

of food

- The old Baroque furnitures were in-laid with silver and are more comfortable , delicate and fashionable with the use of upholstery. - The old Baroque furnitures were in-laid with silver and are more comfortable , delicate and fashionable with the use of upholstery.

Wall panellings continued to be very

popular


- Silver inlays on wooden furniture

pieces .

Low beamed ceilings

continued to be a design statement

but with whitewash, stucco recess.

- Walnut became the fav0ured wood of choice, finished

in high gloss lacquer.

- Wall & ceiling paintings are more dominant, while wallpapers

have more oriental motif.

- Cheaper fabrics used for draperies which can be drawn up or sideways to control more light and warmth when needed

The Age of Rococo & Palladianism The Age of Rococo & Palladianism

o characterized by lightness, elegance & informalityo characterized by lightness, elegance & informality

- Rounded corners , arched doors & windows- Rounded corners , arched doors & windows - depressed arches set into the walls with elaborately coved ceilings - depressed arches set into the walls with elaborately coved ceilings

- highly ornamented frieze decorated with C and S shaped scrolls, shells, flowers and ribbon motifs

- highly ornamented frieze decorated with C and S shaped scrolls, shells, flowers and ribbon motifs

- Fancifully outlined panelling, gilded and painted white or ivory - Fancifully outlined panelling, gilded and painted white or ivory

o balanced combination of beautiful & usefulo balanced combination of beautiful & useful

- much use of mirrors, normally placed over console tables. Large panelof mirror-glass are recessed into boiserie or wooden panels. During

summer, mirrors are placed in front of fireplaces to cover it.

- much use of mirrors, normally placed over console tables. Large panelof mirror-glass are recessed into boiserie or wooden panels. During

summer, mirrors are placed in front of fireplaces to cover it.


popular, some varnish, some in

white or ivory finish.


- Fabrics created a graceful feel for

wall decorations

- Rugs moved from table covers to floor coverings

of parquet flooring in hi-

gloss finish.

- Wall & ceiling paintings are more dominant, while wallpapers

have more oriental motif.

- Tapestries very popular for bedrooms, and Chinese printed silk tafettas ‘Pekins’. These are nailed to battens fixed to the walls

Furnitures were carved from solid wood and joined

and had gracefully curved legs


popular, some varnish, some in

white or ivory finish.


- Fabrics created a graceful feel for

wall decorations

- Rugs moved from table covers to floor coverings

of parquet flooring in hi-

gloss finish.

-“...everything panelled, varnished, whitened,

gilded...”

Furnitures were carved from solid wood and joined

and had gracefully curved legs

- The China-kitchen in Tureholm, Sweden. A good example of the charming paint finish

with decorative design element

Wall panellings in white-ivory or milky finish, with matte to semi-gloss top coat

application.

• Materials & Finishes- Fabrics: two

tiered with lace under heavier

piece for better control of the entry of light

- Recessed, Bay windows with

seating

- The Rococo influence is evident in the elaborate plasterwork around the mirror and to in the Chinese-

Chippendale-style side tables.

Gold painted frames for paintings with

plaster work framing, also in gold dust paint.

Early Classicism in Europe Early Classicism in Europe

o Greek grandiose influenceo Greek grandiose influence

-Smaller rooms, rectangular in shape, decorated & painted in softtones of grey, white & pastels

-Smaller rooms, rectangular in shape, decorated & painted in softtones of grey, white & pastels

- These small rooms were designed more for comfort & intimacy - These small rooms were designed more for comfort & intimacy

- restrained door cases, cornices and wall panels, painted in whiteand grey or simple pale greens.


o Thick garlands, fluted straight surfaces & ribbon decorations on furnishings


- Marble fireplaces surmounted by large simple mirrors - Marble fireplaces surmounted by large simple mirrors

Vertical prints were dominant as seen in

the wall paper designs wall framings.

• Materials & Finishes- Fabrics as

upholstery on sofas-printed with

floral designs

- Gold dust paint still dominates as

highlights for walls & furniture

pieces

- Restrained elegance is seen in rooms with smaller, more intimate spaces with simpler treatment of mouldings &

furnishings.

Floors are covered with rugs and

carpets. These rugs would normally

cover almost the entire area.

Early American Styles Early American Styles

o Rococo & English Classical beginnings with Oriental influenceso Rococo & English Classical beginnings with Oriental influences

-Sliding sash windows, classical mouldings & details with elaborately framed & carved doorways

-Sliding sash windows, classical mouldings & details with elaborately framed & carved doorways

- These small rooms were designed more for comfort & intimacy - These small rooms were designed more for comfort & intimacy





- Marble fireplaces surmounted by large simple mirrors - Marble fireplaces surmounted by large simple mirrors

Plastered wall finish in off white with

bleached wood panelling as accents

• Materials & Finishes- Dark Mahogany

tones for furniture pieces with light

brown & beige upholstery

- Less use of cornices, replaced

by Dado and larger baseboards,

also in bleached matte finish or

pastel coloured enamel, semi

gloss or flat finish.

Floors are covered with rugs having less prints and beige in color, over maple or

walnut wood planks.

Plastered wall finish in off white with

bleached wood panelling as accents

• Materials & Finishes- Dark Mahogany

tones for furniture pieces with gold

plated accents as pull handles

- Less use of cornices, replaced

by Dado and larger baseboards,

also in bleached matte finish or

pastel coloured enamel, semi

gloss or flat finish.

Draperies in light print of floral accents are used as bed canopies in bedrooms, accented with a European

inspired Chest at footboard

Creating the Georgian Style Creating the Georgian Style

o Rococo & Gothic inspired but lighter in design, less ornate, subtle and refined.

o Rococo & Gothic inspired but lighter in design, less ornate, subtle and refined.

Materials & Finishes- Monochromatic wall paper design- Off white or Pastel, semi gloss enamel finish on walls / wood works.

- Dado and baseboard accents, in semi-gloss or matte, color coded with lower portion of wall in pastel, enamel finish

Decorative plaster work as applied to walls and ceiling

- Lightness & elegance in stone finish stairs, commonly with balustrades

with decorative ironwork of foilage or scrolling patterns.

- Mouldings, panellings,

architraves & glazing bars are

thinner & subtler in detail to create

a more refined elegance

Metal grillworks on transom windows over passageway of hallway compliments baluster designs,

painted in gloss enamel finish.

Rough walls painted a soft, chalky white,

blend with silk material curtains with

light print patterns.

- Subtly patterned wallpaper creates a good backdrop for this draped bed.

The Georgian colour palette.

- Colors are used to emphasize division of walls

into sections. If room is panelled, cornice is painted

with the wall, if room is simply painted, cornice is color coded with ceiling.

Creating the American Colonial Style Creating the American Colonial Styleo English Classical inspirations with distinctly American flavouro English Classical inspirations with distinctly American flavour

- Simple, robust and classically inspired panelling was widespread., mostly

With egg and dart and beaded mouldings

- Simple, robust and classically inspired panelling was widespread., mostly

With egg and dart and beaded mouldings

- Typically tall windows with the broad, carved decorative panels overthe top of the doors for emphasis. These doors were fitted with

interior shutters for light control and insulate against extreme cold temperatures.

- Typically tall windows with the broad, carved decorative panels overthe top of the doors for emphasis. These doors were fitted with

interior shutters for light control and insulate against extreme cold temperatures.

- Rythmic patterns on fabric swag draperies adorned windows along with interior shutters made of wood in enamel finish, color coded

with the window casings and grillwork.

- Rythmic patterns on fabric swag draperies adorned windows along with interior shutters made of wood in enamel finish, color coded

with the window casings and grillwork.

Simple, robust and classically inspired wall panelling. When wall is painted latex white,

panelling at lower portion accents it with a grey or off-blue shade to compliment window shutters and highlight the printed swaged draperies.

Floor is of simple pine wood lain in parquet pattern, in flat

varnish finish, only accentuated by rugs of floral in

pattern. Bright & vibrant colours for furniture

upholstery to accentuate rooms.

From Classicism to Romanticism From Classicism to Romanticism

o Aimed to revive the interior & architectural style of the Glory that was Greece, and the Grandeur that was Rome.

o Aimed to revive the interior & architectural style of the Glory that was Greece, and the Grandeur that was Rome.

- A Late Georgian sideboard, complete with brass rails and similarly styled knife box, flanked by a pair of candle holders.

- A Late Georgian sideboard, complete with brass rails and similarly styled knife box, flanked by a pair of candle holders.

- An octagonal receiving room w/ a central table, simple

curtains adorned w/ a chandelier and a needlework

carpet to match.

- An octagonal receiving room w/ a central table, simple

curtains adorned w/ a chandelier and a needlework

carpet to match.

Simplicity, grace & restraint: Wooden ballusters in walnut finish

for accents, off-white or beige walls, flat to semi-gloss enamel finish.

Light and thin fabric for drapery treatment on windows with interior shutters that control light and add a mood of romance.

Wall panellings restricted at the lower portion of the wall for simplicity with Dado accents and simply designed wallpaper w/ border, on upper part.

Flooring is T&G Planks also for simplicity, in flat oak shade

varnish with area rugs for accents.

The Empire Style...the time of Napoleon

Wallpaper with laurel wreath design

Swatches of fabric to create a canopy above.

French Windows and doors leading to a terrace are of

hi-gloss enamel finish.

Gilded & enamel painted furniture pieces in

mahogany or walnut lacquer.

Decorative gilt pelmet with swag & tales


Painted muslin-laced draped over gilt curtain finials, compliment the highly ornate ceiling design

Under curtains against yellow silk

The Empire colour swatchLined curtains adorned

with wreaths



Arrowhead designed curtain pole

Arrowhead designed curtain pole

Wallpaper borders

Wallpaper borders

Stripped Silk with laurel wreath design

Stripped Silk with laurel wreath design

Striped satin w/ lion’s head medallion for curtain

accents

Striped satin w/ lion’s head medallion for curtain

accents

Silk trimmings

Silk trimmings

Silk Demask

Silk Demask

The Regency StyleThe Regency StyleStucco walls painted in either acrylic or enamel in matte to semi-gloss finish.

Stair threads are in hi-gloss enamel finish to ward off dirt

Delicate architectural details on the door and

staircase

The Regency colour palette

The Regency Style

Stucco walls painted in either acrylic or enamel

in matte to semi-gloss finish with lighter shade

for ceiling.

Gold paint for accents on furniture pieces

Empire-inspired furniture but with

softer Regency colours

The Egg & Lotus design patterns are dominant

accents on draperies to play contrast with

furniture upholstery, being simple and light

colour & prints.

The Federal StyleThe Federal Style

Design elements for accents, like cornice

and wood mouldings are painted lighter than

walls above dado, and matched with lower

portion

Painted frieze above dado and around

window frames

Highly polished wooden floorboards w/

handcrafted carpet for floor accents

Characterized by elegance and refined design elements.Characterized by elegance and refined design elements.

The Federal Style

Bare wooden floorboards are the

most common flooring, for grand design

however, solid wood parquet or stone laid on a checkerboard design.

Black & white tiles for flooring compliment

the marble and mahogany furniture

in deep lacquer finish

Characterized by elegance and refined design elements.

The Victorian Age The Victorian Age

o started the design style of the Nouveau rich from the 1860s onwards o started the design style of the Nouveau rich from the 1860s onwards

o prospered with the influences of neo-Rococo, Gothic & new-Renaissance

o prospered with the influences of neo-Rococo, Gothic & new-Renaissance

o started the age of eclecticismo started the age of eclecticism - stucco, off white to pale green or blue enamel walls

- stucco, off white to pale green or blue enamel walls

- solid wood parquet flooring laid out on geometric patterns

- solid wood parquet flooring laid out on geometric patterns

- floral printed upholstery on Walnut, hi-gloss lacquer finish.

- floral printed upholstery on Walnut, hi-gloss lacquer finish. - highly ornate wall panellings with scroll & loop designs

- highly ornate wall panellings with scroll & loop designs

- arched passage ways & large mirrors for emphasis - arched passage ways & large mirrors for emphasis

The Neo- Rococo inspired Victorian

Furniture pieces were rounded, heavily

trimmed with details.

Much of gilt carving, moulded paper

maches and also elaborately framed,

large mirrors.

Characterized by light & cheerful , feminine and frivolous.

The Gothic Inspired VictorianThe Gothic Inspired Victorian

Highly eclectic, whatever piece of

furniture from past periods that were

highly ornate were acceptable & used

heavily.

Characterized by deep colours & highly ornate wall designs.

Furniture pieces have pointed endings and

slender curve motifs as well as printed /

wallpaper design with frieze or border endings

on walls.

Scandinavian interiors in Victorian Age

The colours and pattern prints on wallpapers are

brighter and lighter.

Gilted and painted wood framed furniture

in high gloss-’duco’ enamel finish with

light colored fabric in floral prints.

Characterized by light & airy simple lines, laid back & comfortable.

Overall look is less cluttered, showing

austerity compared to the other Victorian

styles.

Window treatment is laced for better natural light with gold curtain

bars for accents.

American interiors in Victorian Age

American interiors in Victorian Age

Stucco wall finish in light coloured latex finish. Accents are derived from dark

varnish or maple finish furniture in matte or

lacquered style.

Furniture pieces have stencilled floral motifs

of leaves, vines and baskets of fruit , or

simple wood grained effect.

Characterized by unpretentious , cheerful, with simple geometric shapes.

High ceilings also with Arched hallway and

entranceways, matching the curved,

wood ballustered stairways.

The High Victorian Style The High Victorian Style

o simple comfortable upholstery with multitude of accessorieso simple comfortable upholstery with multitude of accessorieso Characterized by massing of accessories on each furniture topo Characterized by massing of accessories on each furniture top

- Deep leather armchairs - Deep leather armchairs

- flat surfaces like piano tops, tables & fireplace tops are highly ornamented, even the overmantels are covered by heavy fabric in dark, rich colours.

- flat surfaces like piano tops, tables & fireplace tops are highly ornamented, even the overmantels are covered by heavy fabric in dark, rich colours.

- areas became a showcase of collected accessories, nice to look at but not so nice to live in.

- areas became a showcase of collected accessories, nice to look at but not so nice to live in.

High Victorian Style

Deep warm coloured drapes on walls &

fireplaces with tassels & trimmings to match.

Wallpaper prints with loud floral design

Late 19th century, characterized by comfortable upholstered furniture pieces.

Thin Shades beneath to control light entry,

over an ornate window treatment.

Pedestals are placed everywhere to display plants or other forms

of ornaments.



Stunning, highly decorated ceiling, opposite a high gloss lacquered parquet

flooring.

Stunning, highly decorated ceiling, opposite a high gloss lacquered parquet

flooring.

High Victorian colour palette

High Victorian colour palette

Heavy door curtains, complete with pelmet

above

Heavy door curtains, complete with pelmet

above

Neutral toned fabric draperies on French door

& window treatments

Neutral toned fabric draperies on French door

& window treatments

High Victorian StyleHigh Victorian Style

A highly cluttered cornerA highly cluttered corner

Tiler’s art as seen in bathrooms

Tiler’s art as seen in bathrooms

Louis XIV chair, with tapestry upholstery and

giltwood frame

Louis V chair, with gold embroidered upholstery and gloss enamel paint

Louis XVI chair, with silk upholstery in pastel print with giltwood frame, painted in gloss enamel finish.

The Arts & Crafts Movement The Arts & Crafts Movement

o exposed metal fittings on furniture pieces as ornamentationo exposed metal fittings on furniture pieces as ornamentation

o Wood finish on walls & furniture are in Oak or Maple, in high lacquero Wood finish on walls & furniture are in Oak or Maple, in high lacquer

- Mahogany or Walnut wood Flooring in parquet or planks in hi-gloss finish, with hand crafted rugs as accents over it on some rooms.

- Mahogany or Walnut wood Flooring in parquet or planks in hi-gloss finish, with hand crafted rugs as accents over it on some rooms.

- accessories

show high crafted

talent and rooms

become highly

decorated with them,

- accessories

show high crafted

talent and rooms

become highly

decorated with them,

The Arts & Crafts MovementThe Arts & Crafts Movement

Arts & Crafts furniture pieces blend with the same shade of floor and walls. Handcrafted lighting fixtures & rugs serve as floor accents.

Mid 19th century, continued to the mid 2oth.

Strong colour on the walls provide as accents &

compliment the sturdy wooden furniture pieces

The Arts & Crafts MovementThe Arts & Crafts Movement

Ceiling is highly decorated, painted in off-white, semi-gloss

enamel.

Medieval inspired stained glass window

on mahogany or walnut wood frame

Bench seats line the window alcove in light color fabric upholstery with light floral prints.

Oriental style rugs on parquet floor which

should match the prints of the upholstery

Solid color draperies, toned down to

compliment highly printed upholstery &

rugs

The Art Nouveau Style The Art Nouveau Style

o Floralism dominated this style o Floralism dominated this style o characterized by stress on verticals, a tendency

accentuated through the division of walls using pilasters, moulding or

panels of wallpaper

o characterized by stress on verticals, a tendency accentuated

through the division of walls using pilasters, moulding or panels

of wallpaper - soberly decorated, ornamentation being

generally flat & 2-dimensional except for

women figures

- soberly decorated, ornamentation being

generally flat & 2-dimensional except for

women figures

- motifs of branches, flowers, leaves and stems proliferated as did images of the female form.

- motifs of branches, flowers, leaves and stems proliferated as did images of the female form.

The Art Nouveau StyleThe Art Nouveau Style

o Known for its undulating curves and tendrils and vegetal

and floriate shpaes.

Late 19th century, to the early 2oth, owed nothing to historical precedent.

Colourful paint washes for the

walls and ceiling in latex-matte

finish.

Plain blinds for the windows.

Simple wooden plank floor in

bleached or milk finished in hi-gloss lacquer.

Carved and inlaid furniture pieces

from oak or maple wood, in lacquer

finish.

The Art Nouveau Style

Marble stair steps provide accent to the

dominant walnut varnished wall panels &

handrail

Exotic curves are emphasized by the

stylized floral border prints

o Known for its undulating curves and tendrils and vegetal and floriate shpaes.

The Advent of Modern Movement The Advent of Modern Movement

o Brought about by advancement of machinery & industrializationo Brought about by advancement of machinery & industrializationo characterized by a generous use of glass, bricks, white-painted or

untreated walls, plate-glass on horizontal windows

o characterized by a generous use of glass, bricks, white-painted or untreated walls, plate-glass on horizontal windows

- has very little or no decorative detailing on walls or pieces of furniture.

- has very little or no decorative detailing on walls or pieces of furniture.

- Hard geometric style which concedes little to the comfort of the eyes.

- Hard geometric style which concedes little to the comfort of the eyes.

- deliberate heightening of the interior’s ceiling for natural lighting

- deliberate heightening of the interior’s ceiling for natural lighting

The Modern MovementThe Modern MovementBegan early 2oth

century.White walls and plain blinds for the window.

Predominantly pale materials create a cool, harmonious interior .

Demonstrates practicality and elegance of line.

The Modern MovementLight painted walls and plain roman shades for the

window.

Predominantly light, earth tone materials create a cool,

harmonious interior .

Creating an environment which is both calm and luxurious

through the contrast of light coloured walls with dark,

leather upholstered furniture.

The Modern MovementWhite walls and plain blinds for the window.

Sophisticated metropolitan look with an imaginative use of black and white, oneither bleached or oak stained wood planks in semi-gloss to hi-gloss urethane finish.

Simple roman blinds, flanking a tall mirror, help create and overwhelming sense of airy

grandeur.

The Art Deco Style The Art Deco Style

o Shared the Geometric lines & shapes of modernismo Shared the Geometric lines & shapes of modernismo characterized by the use of bright colours in comparison to

Modernism such as orange and red.

o characterized by the use of bright colours in comparison to Modernism such as orange and red.

- other than the continued use of glass & chrome, more exotic materials like ivory & snakeskin

- other than the continued use of glass & chrome, more exotic materials like ivory & snakeskin

- “Art Moderne” – toned down version of Modernism.

- “Art Moderne” – toned down version of Modernism.

- pronounced use of vertical and other geometric lines, usually further enhanced by use of mirrors

- pronounced use of vertical and other geometric lines, usually further enhanced by use of mirrors

The Art Deco & Art ModerneThe Art Deco & Art ModerneHard, highly polished & lacquered wooden floors are contrasted with filmy

silks, satin and real or fake leather & furs .

Mirrors w/o frames cut in geometric shapes.

Simple window treatments in plain

fabrics.

Solid, plain coloured walls, accentuated by colour

coded dado and panelling below.

Smooth lacquered floor laid in herringbone

pattern in semi-gloss finish.

Square, angular furniture upholstered in textured

fabrics and leather

The Art Deco & Art ModerneThe Art Deco & Art Moderne

A spacious effect is created by the addition of a mirrored wall accentuated by earth tone colours.

Uplight draws attention to striking wall stencils

Comfort with Art Deco elegance. Plain colored upholstery in textured fabric

The Art Deco & Art ModerneThe Art Deco & Art Moderne

Art Deco Colour Palette

Stucco wall finish in flat latex paint over oak or walnut wood panels,

matching bleached large-cut wood parquet. Use of Marble in earth

tones is dominant with matching leather as furniture upholstery.

o Paint or varnish are in strong, exotic colours on the lower

portion, which are set off with black or gold.

o Sophistication of these color would be a combination of grey,

black and green.

Contemporary Architecture & Interiors Contemporary Architecture & Interiors

o late 20th century onwards, with varying trends per decadeo late 20th century onwards, with varying trends per decadeo Mainly influenced by the advancement of technology, both in

materials as well as in constructiono Mainly influenced by the advancement of technology, both in

materials as well as in construction

- towards the end of the century, glass and steel became a preferred material of construction and finishing.

- towards the end of the century, glass and steel became a preferred material of construction and finishing. - Plastics and its components became common component in furnishings as well as in both exterior and interior finishing materials.

- Plastics and its components became common component in furnishings as well as in both exterior and interior finishing materials.

Contemporary Architecture & Interiors

Contemporary Architecture & InteriorsAdvancement of technology introduced synthetic materials, laminated

wood, accrylicGlass and Fiber plastics to material finishes as well as furniture pieces .

Temperature treated wicker & rattan materials

are now used to form slender shapes that are

strong enough to withstand outdoor weather changes.

Bright colours are a most welcome accent in today’s

avantgarde designs.

Plastics & Fiberglass dominate modern-

contemporary furniture for both indoors and outdoor

pieces


Contemporary Architecture & InteriorsAdvancement of technology introduced synthetic materials, laminated wood,

accrylicGlass and Fiber plastics to material finishes as well as furniture pieces .

Made of textured fabric upholstery on wheels, non-conformist shapes are also a welcome design in today’s interiors.

Plastics have gone a long way in making interesting

shapes and durable furniture pieces

An eclectic design merging a chair and

broom bristles as backrest.

Made of fiber plastic with metal frame imbedded inside for structural

bracing yet maintaining a comfortable, flexible effect.




In retro design, these mirror-topped side tables made of fiber-plastic serves as an attractive center or corner piece in any room.

Organic patterns made modern and unique for accents, made of abaca weave in light varnish.

Made of laminated woodchips and finely

wooven fabric in earth tone colors

This Balero Chair & OttomanCombines native Filipino Materials

w/ chic sensibilities that serve as accent in any living area or

bedroom.

The stool is made of rattan in metal frame, sprayed in walnut shade, hi-gloss varnish




Earth tones are very popular colour motifs which bares a

soothing effect in 5-star hotel rooms.

Synthetic stone & Marble works are prevalent in today’s designs, both in the exterior architecture as well as interiors.

A deluxe room at theManila Hotel

A deluxe room at theManila Hotel




Earth tones are very popular colour motifs which bares a soothing effect especially in

Spa treatment rooms

Ceramic tile works are also acceptable on walls. Today’s ceramic tiles are of high grade quality and of numerous beautiful textures and design finish.

A Spa Treatment Room at theManila Hotel

A Spa Treatment Room at theManila Hotel




Earth tones combined with floral accents on curtain fabrics and seat

accessories continually create a harmonious effect in the Art-

Moderne style today.

Simple yet refined elegance, similar to the Scandanavian design in the Victorain style, can still be found in today’s homes.




A center or coffee table using 20mm thk frosted glass on a re-used Yakal frame, varnished in natural gloss finish.

Used as a dining chair or accent chair at a corner,

or matched with the living room sofa set.

Made of Yakal wood, also salvaged from an old house

ruin in Taguig, with back tapered for comfort,

finished in deep, walnut, lacquer finish.

Base is of Philippine wood: Molave and ipil bracing,using 20mm bluish tempered glass

top.




Earth tones combined with bright colours compliment an airy ambiance for a bedroom.

Bright colours on fabric upholstery creates strong accents on white painted semi-gloss walls, with light coloured fabric as window treatment.




Rattan & abacca, temperature treated

for flexibility over metal frame, lacquer

finish. Bamboo strips, pests

treated and varnished in walnut shade, with

metal framing for strength.

Made of leather upholstery using temperature treated rattan backseat and molave frame in hi-gloss enamel finish.




Finishing materials on

resort houses exposed to

weather have to be treated with waterproofing chemicals for

durability through the

years. Flooring are usually hi-

gloss, urethane finish for water sealing as well as anti-scratch

coating. Natural Earth colours combined with light, airy tones of

white & beige brings a soothing effect. Cement Fiber Boards (CFB) are highly recommended against

weathering..




This U-shaped sofa is made of indigenous Filipino materials.

Both furniture pieces carry a Filipino inspired indigenous

material, made more durable with synthetic fibers and wood laminates,

Made of Abacca, rattan, processed sea grass for the cushion upholstery, wood and steel for sturdier support and fiberglass table top on the side.




Pest treated and pressurized, solid wood

planks are being used as flooring more and more on

Philippine outdoors to achieve a cosier, more

rustic effect, yet durable.

Flooring indoors are of solid wood planks, finished in hi-gloss urethane finish for

scratch protection and to keep the luster durable.

Synthetic fiberplastic materials simulate wooven native weaving and pressurized wood laminates are used to create a resort-oriented ambiance.




A Gondola, double Chaise Lounge, made of polythylene

fiber, wooven in aluminum powder coated frame with

Genuine Leather upholstery to match .

This sunbed with canopy seats two and can be converted into a sofa, with or w/o the canopy and two ottomans.

Inspired by Native Filipino design, this synthetic ‘loom’ fibers are wooven over an aluminum frame on steel rockers, for an all-weather durable furniture piece.




Pressure treated & tempered 20mm fiberglass material is

used w/ much ingenuity as foot bridge between rooms, creating

a continuity of flow of the fish pond as well as the floor’s

passage.

False beams and columns are veneered with laminated wood, NarraPly, and varnished in a light tone of Mahogany in semi-gloss finish, to balance the cold effect of the marble flooring wall accents.




Tempered fiber glass backing for

flexible lumbar support and all adjustable, and

flexible arm rest go for best

ergonomic usage in today’s excessive computer reliance.

Flexible plastics, fiberglass and powder coated

aluminum poles highlight this state

of the art workspace cubicle, with revolving and rolling screens as

wall, for needed privacy

Synthetic anti-static fibers woven into rubberized mat are used as flooring for offices

Bright colours in enamel gloss finish is widely accepted in today’s office workspaces

Sustainable Designs & Green ArchitectureThe realization that the Earth is a non-renewable resource, Sustainable

design & Green Architecture has now achieved wider awareness amongst concerned designers.

Over-extended roof eaves with pebbles and stones, accentuated by live plants, considerably help to prevent heat from getting into the interior walls, thus less electricity for AirConditioning is needed.

Cascading water acts as cooling

curtains, further preventing the

sun’s heat from entering the

interior of the building.

Powder coated & regular finished aluminum and

foam blasted steel for trusses,

contribute to dissipate the heat.

Sustainable Designs & Green ArchitectureThe realization that the Earth is a non-renewable resource, Sustainable

design & Green Architecture has now achieved wider awareness amongst concerned designers.

More and more, designers are

considering landscape

architecture for both interiors as

well as exteriors of buildings, to help

regulate the continued heating

of urban development.

Roofing materials use fiberglass or fiberplastics instead of metal, to eliminate contracting and reflecting heat back to the atmosphere, which increases more heat in the surrounding.



Arch’t. Larry Angelo A. Carandang MSCM Arch’t. Larry Angelo A. Carandang MSCM uap-piiduap-piid

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