christoph brunner - ieee · pdf fileiec 61850 communication {uses the strengths of the osi 7...

© 2009 UTINNOVATIONCB 2009-04-24

IEC 61850 - Introduction

Christoph Brunner


Content

IEC 61850 – Communication networks and systems for substations

Introduction to IEC 61850IEC 61850 beyond the substationEdition 2 of IEC 61850


Substation control and protection

Control CenterHMI

Relay X1

RTU

Conventional Switchgear

Conventional CT / VT's

Relay X2

Relay X1


Relay X2


Interlocking logic

Hardwired with parallel Cu wires



Control Center HMI, Station controller

Gateway

Relay X1

Bay Controller



Relay X2

Relay X1

Bay Controller


Relay X2


Vendor specific protocols like LON, MVB, SPA, Profibus, FIP, DNP3.0, Modbus etc

Hardwired with parallel Cu wires

Serial communication



Control Center

Router

Relay X1

Bay Controller

Intelligent Switchgear

Non conventional

CT/VT

Relay X2

Relay X1

Bay Controller

Intelligent Switchgear

Relay X2

Non conventional

CT/VT

HMI, Station controller



© 2009 UTINNOVATIONCB 2009-04-24“UCA & 61850 for Dummies.” – Douglas Proudfoot

IEC 61850, Ed 2 – 2009/2010

IEEE TR 1550:1999

New standards emerge


The Objectives …

Communication standard meet functional and performance requirements supporting future technological developments

Consensus between IED manufacturers and users

devices can freely exchange information

Define communication requirements for application functions

amount of data to be exchanged, exchange time constraints, …..


The Objectives …

To the maximum possible extent, make use of existing standards and commonly accepted communication principles Define information

Must support the functions of the substationNeither to standardise (nor limit in any way) the functions involved in substation operation nor their allocation within the SA System


The Objectives…

The standard should ensure, among others, the following features

Based on existing communication standardsOpen protocols will support self descriptive devicesAble to add a new functionalityBased on data objects related to the electric power industry.SAS being one element in the overall power control system


IEC 61850 – Original scope

Bay Control ProtectionProtection

Station Level Equipment

Remote Control (NCC) Technical Services

CT/VT Switch- gear CT/VT Switch-

gear


The goal of the IEC 61850 standard

InteroperabilityExchange information between IED’s (Intelligent Electronic Device) from several manufacturersUse this information for the own function

Free ConfigurationFree allocation of functions to devicesSupport any philosophy of our customer – centralized or decentralized systems

Long Term StabilityFuture proofFollow progress in mainstream communication technologyFollow evolving system requirements needed by our customers


Data

TCP/IP Network

Application data and communication

Information Models

Logical Nodes and Data(IEC 61850-7-4 / -7-3)

Information Exchange

Service Interface (Abstract)(IEC 61850-7-2)

CommunicationProtocols

Mapping to e.g. MMS and TCP/IP/Ethernet(IEC 61850-8-1 / -9-2)


The Contents of IEC 61850, Ed 1

ConfigurationPart 6: Configuration Lan-

guage for electrical Substation IED’s

TestingPart 10: Conform. Testing

Mapping to real Comm. Networks (SCSM)Part 8-1: Mapping to MMS and ISO/IEC 8802-3Part 9-1: Sampled Values over Serial Unidirectional

Multidrop Point-to-Point linkPart 9-2: Sampled Values over ISO/IEC 8802-3

Data ModelsBasic Communication Structure for Substations and Feeder Equipment

Part 7-4: Compatible Logical Node Classes and Data Classes

Part 7-3: Common Data Classes

Abstract Comm. ServicesBasic Communication Structure for Substations and Feeder Equipment

Part 7-2: Abstract Communication Services (ACSI)Part 7-1: Principles and Models

System AspectsPart 1: Introduction and

OverviewPart 2: GlossaryPart 3: General RequirementsPart 4: System and Project

ManagementPart 5: Comm Requirements

for Functions and Device Models


Data model and information exchange

IEDIntelligentElectronic

Device

Has a DATA MODEL that can be accessed

The WHAT to exchange (IEC 61850-7- 4 and 61850- 7-3)

RequestRequest

ResponseResponse

„Event“„Event“

The HOW to exchange (IEC 61850-7-2)


The IED – Intelligent electronic device

QA1

QE1

QE2

QE3

QC1

QB1

T1 An IED is a physical device that implements a part of the substation automation

functionality

Bay Controller

Main 1 Protection

Main 2 Protection

Meter


Primary technologySecondary technology

PDIS

Logical nodes represent core functions

XSWIXSWI

SIMG

XCBR

SIMG

PTOC

MMXU

CSWI

CSWI

SIMG

TVTR

TCTR

A logical node is a container for

function related data


Example: LN XCBR (extract)

Data Name TypeMode INC enable / disableEEHealth INS ok / warning / alarmEEName DPL Name plateOpCnt INS operation counter

Common LN Information

Pos DPC Position (control / status)BlkOpn SPC Block openingBlkCls SPC Block closingChaMotEna SPC Charger motor enabled

Controls values

ExplanationXCBR

CBOpCap INS op. capability (o-c...)POWCap INS point on wave capabilityMaxOpCap INS maximal op. capability

Status information


Example: CDC measured value (MV)

instMag AnalogValuemag AnalogValuerange ENUMERATEDq Qualityt TimeStamp

Measured values

db INT32UzeroDb INT32UsVC ScaledValueConfigrangeC RangeConfigd Visible String255

Configuration and description

subEna BOOLEANsubMag AnalogValuesubQ QualitysubID Visible String64

Substitution

MV = Measured ValueData Attr Type


Device Capability

The configuration description

Formal configuration description language Based on modern internet technologiesA set of standardized files that can be exchanged between tools

Substation Configuration Description

System Specification

Device Capability


IEC 61850 communication

Uses the strengths of the OSI 7 layer communication model Station bus

Communication between IED and master stationsData sent event driven from IED to master (Buffered or un-buffered)Inter IED data exchange through multi-cast GOOSE messages

Process busCommunication between plant equipment and IEDs (switchgear, Instrument transformers)Event driven or GOOSE as with station busExchange of sampled values

Bus separation is becoming less distinct


Physical Device

ACSI ServerDataData

Physical Device

ACSI Client

Application

Data

Physical Device

ACSI ServerDataData

Application

Data

Physical Device

Application

reports

req / rsp

req / rsp

Client / Server communication

Communication concepts

Application of “client – server” communication typical SCADA application like control of switchgear or transmission of events (Reporting)Store and retrieve sequence of events(log)Transfer of files (i.e. Comtrade files)


Physical Device

ACSI ServerDataData

Physical Device

ACSI Client

Application

Data

Physical Device

ACSI ServerDataData

Application

Data

Physical Device

Application

GOOSE Message Sampled Values

multicast

Publisher-subscriber communication;

time critical

Applications of “publishersubscriber" communicationtripping of circuit breakers; interlocking - short information that needs to be transmitted with a low probability of loss within a few millisecondstransmission of sampled values from instrumental transformers: high amount of data, to be transmitted within a few milliseconds, loss of data needs to be detected

Communication concepts

Publisher

Subscriber


Mapping IEC 61850-8-1, -9-1, -9-2

ApplicationObjectsServices

7654321

ISO/OSIseven layer stack

From application to communication

Substation Application; long term stable(IEC 61850-7-3 and –7-4)

State-of-art communication technology; fast changing

Abstract interface(IEC 61850-7-2)

Stack interface


Abstract communication service interface (ACSI)

Ethernet

Communication stack with MMS

and TCP/IP

Client-serverPubl-subscr

Ethertype

Communication protocols

Use of state of the art communication protocols like TCP/IP and Ethernet with priority tagging

Immediate benefit from progress in communication technology (e.g. higher bandwidth and scalable configuration)

Application


An example – measuring voltage

QA1

QE1

QE2

QE3

QC1

QB1

T1Bay Controller

VA=220.1kV VB=220.2kVVC=220.1kV

Station Controller

Current waveform

Voltage waveform

Calculated values


The data model – logical nodes

QA1

QE1

QE2

QE3

QC1

QB1

T1Bay Controller

VA=220.1kV VB=220.2kVVC=220.1kV

Station Controller

TCTR

TVTR

MMXU


Data and data attributes

QA1

QE1

QE2

QE3

QC1

QB1

T1Bay Controller

VA=220.1kV VB=220.2kVVC=220.1kV

Station Controller

MMXU.PhV.phsA.cVal.magMMXU.PhV.phsB.cVal.magMMXU.PhV.phsC.cVal.mag

A_TVTR.Vol.instMag

B_TVTR.Vol.instMag

C_TVTR.Vol.instMag

A_TCTR.Amp.instMag

B_TCTR.Amp.instMag

C_TCTR.Amp.instMag


Communication services

QA1

QE1

QE2

QE3

QC1

QB1

T1Bay Controller

VA=220.1kV VB=220.2kVVC=220.1kV

Station Controller

Client Server

GetDataValues

PublisherSubscriber

sampled values


A GOOSE application: Interlocking (1)

QA1

QC1

QE1

QE2

QE3

QB1 QE1

Q1 Q2 Q6

QA1

QC1

QE1

QE2

QE3

QB1

LD Q1QA1CSWI1

QA1CILO1

QA1XCBR1

QB1CSWI2

QB1CILO2

QB1XSWI2…

LD Q6QE1CSWI1

QE1CILO1

QE1XSWI1

LD Q2QA1CSWI1

QA1CILO1

QA1XCBR1

QB1CSWI2

QB1CILO2

QB1XSWI2…

EnaCls[QA1] = f(Q6.QE1, Q1.QB1, …)



LD Q1QA1CSWI1

QA1CILO1

QA1XCBR1

QB1CSWI2

QB1CILO2

QB1XSWI2…

LD Q6QE1CSWI1

QE1CILO1

QE1XSWI1

LD Q2QA1CSWI1

QA1CILO1

QA1XCBR1

QB1CSWI2

QB1CILO2

QB1XSWI2…

EnaCls[QA1] = f(Q6.QE1, Q1.QB1, …)

Dataset Q6/InterlockQ6/QE1CSWI1.Pos.stValQ6/QE1CSWI1.Pos.qQ6/QE1CSWI1.Pos.stSeld

Open Valid FALSE | n



LD Q1

QA1CILO1

EnaOpnEnaClsQ6/QE1CSWI1.Pos.stVal

QB1CSWI2.Pos.stVal…

QB1CSWI2

Open Valid FALSE | n

Dataset Q6/InterlockOpen Valid FALSE

f(Q6.QE1, Q1.QB1, …)

Q6/QE1CSWI1.Pos.stValQ6/QE1CSWI1.Pos.qQ6/QE1CSWI1.Pos.stSeld


Content

Introduction to IEC 61850

IEC 61850 beyond the substationEdition 2 of IEC 61850


Activities related to IEC 61850

Used in numerous projects around the worldUsage of the concepts as well in

Wind energyHydro power plantsDistributed energy resources

Extension of the scopeCommunication between the equipment at the two ends of a power lineCommunication towards the control center

Harmonization with CIM (Common Interface Model)


Extended scope of IEC 61850

Generation

Transmission Substation Distribution

Substation

Area Control

Regional Control

DER

New Title:Communication

network and systems for power utility

automation


Document Naming and Numbering

Numbering for domain specific extensionsx00 – Substation automationx10 – Hydro power plantsx20 – Distributed energy resources

IEC 61850-7-410 – Logical nodes for hydro power plantsIEC 61850-7-420 – Logical nodes for distributed energy resources


New documents planned

New part IEC 61850-90-x – Reports “How to use…”

IEC 61850-90-1: Using IEC 61850 for communication between substationsIEC 61850-90-2: Using IEC 61850 for communication between substations and control centerIEC 61850-90-3: Using IEC 61850 for condition monitoringIEC 61850-90-4: Network engineering guidelines


New documents planned

Series of documents describing the use of the logical nodes to model the application functions

IEC 61850-7-500 – Use of logical nodes to model the functions of a substation automation systemIEC 61850-7-510 – Use of logical nodes to model the functions of a hydro power plant

Work on these parts has just started


IEC 61850-90-1 use cases

Protection functionsDifferential protectionDistance protection with permissive and blocking schemesDirectional and phase comparison protectionTransfer tripping

Control functionAutoreclosingInterlockingGenerator and load shedding


Communication aspects

Contr Prot ContrProt

TeleprTelepr

Gateway approach

Contr Prot ContrProt

Tunneling approach


Engineering aspects

SEDSCD1 SCD2

IED AA1F1

Substation AA1

IEC 61850, Subnet AA1WA1

WANIED AA1F2 (Teleprot.)

IED AA2F1

Substation AA2


IED AA2F2 (Teleprot.)

Teleprotection ChannelSubnet A12WA1

Gateway approach

IED AA1F1

Substation AA1


WAN


IED AA2F1

Substation AA2


SW1 SW2

Tunneling approach

SCD1 SCD2


Application example - PUTT

Zone 1 (Underreach)Zone 2 (Overreach)

Zone 1 (Underreach)Zone 2 (Overreach)

Zone 1

Zone 2OR& Trip Brk

Zone 1

Zone 2OR &Trip Brk

Comm Channel

Permit Permit


Modeling in IEC 61850

Comm Channel

Zone 1

Zone 2OR& Trip Brk

PermitZone 1

Zone 2OR &Trip Brk

Permit

Protection IED

PDIS1

PDIS2

PTRC

PSCH

Trip Brk

Permit

TeleprotEquipment

PSCH

RTPC

Protection IED

PDIS1

PDIS2

PTRC

PSCH

Trip Brk

Permit

TeleprotEquipment

PSCH

RTPC

Comm Channel

Gateway approach


Modeling in IEC 61850

Comm Channel

Zone 1

Zone 2OR& Trip Brk

PermitZone 1

Zone 2OR &Trip Brk

Permit

Protection IED

PDIS1

PDIS2

PTRC

PSCH

Trip Brk

Permit

Protection IED

PDIS1

PDIS2

PTRC

PSCH

Trip Brk

Permit

Tunneling approach


IEC 61850-90-2 use cases

SCADADisturbance recordingMeteringWide area monitoringPower quality monitoringAsset supervisionManagement of remote parameter and configuration changes


Why an edition 2?

Clarification of TISSUES (Technical ISSUES)

Errors in Edition 1, e.g. Inconsistencies between the different partsAmbiguities that result in different interpretations by different implementors

New requirements on the base functionalities from the use in new application domainsModeling of Power Quality Metering


How are problems handled?

No specification is perfectProblems are identified, when the specification is implemented

Through the development teamThrough the usersDuring conformance test of equipmentDuring interoperability testsDuring system tests

Solutions need to be found outside the standardization process, but need a solid base


TestLabs Projects

Quality process

IEC TC57WorkingGroups

ProductDevelop-

ment

TestSystem

Develop- ment

Test Systems

Specifications

Test CasesProducts (IEDs and

Tools)CertifiedProducts

Operationof system

QualityAssuranceProgram

Problem Reports

Fast Fixes

Medium Term Fixes

Final Fixes


TISSUES and interoperability

Some TISSUES impact interoperabilityThese TISSUES are specifically identified in the TISSUE database

A implementation conform to IEC 61850 refers to Edition 1 and a list of TISSUES

Product suppliers must specify, which TISSUES are consideredA conformance test must specify, against which TISSUES a test was done

Document 57/963/INF of IEC provides a list of TISSUES to be considered


Roadmap for Edition 2

Part 6 (Engineering) and 7-x (Models and ACSI) are realised as a first package

CDV has been circulatedFDIS will be finalised in Meeting in June

Part 8-1 / 9-2 (Mappings) circulated as CDVPart 5 (Requirements) in preparation for CDVPart 1 (Introduction), 3 (General requirements), 4 (Engineering) and 10 (Conformance testing) will be realized in a second package


New modeling issues

Documentation of inputs to LNsInRef – Reference to a object (dataAttribute) that is bound to an input of the LN

Creation of functional hierarchiesGrRef – used as a reference to a higher level logical device for implementing a functional hierarchy

Information about local timeIn name plate of device: Time zone information (Offset to UTC, support of daylight saving time, daylight saving time active)In LLN0: Two data objects (TSG) to set time for switch between standard and daylight saving time


New modeling issues

New models for power quality metering – new logical nodes and extensions of existing logical nodes

RMS voltage variation (e.g. sags/swells) according to IEC 61000-4-30 and IEEE 1159Transients (according to IEEE 1159)Unbalance variationFrequency variation

Modeling of statistical evaluation of informationCalculation of e.g. the minimum or maximum value in a certain periodPossibility to store evaluated values (e.g. maximum per hour for the last 24 hours)


CSWI

Control Hierarchies

Loc is the behavior at that level – it is influenced by LocKeyLocSta can be a controllable objectRoles define access rights of remote control

XCBR

Bay control

Station control

Remote control

I0

TF

T

F

Loc

LocT

F

LocSta


Statistical and historical - principle

LOG

LogEntryLogEntryLogEntry

statistical historical values

Store (log entry)

calc

ulat

e

calc

ulat

e

src

src

LN XXYZ2

ClcMth [MIN]ClcPerms INGClcSrc ORGClcExp SPSClcStr SPCData1 MVData2 WYE

statistical values

LN XXYZ2

ClcMth [MAX]ClcPerms INGClcSrc ORGClcExp SPSClcStr SPCData1 MVData2 WYE

instantaneous valuesLN XXYZ

ClcMth [PRES]Data1 MVData2 WYE


New and modified LNs for power quality

Transients (according to IEEE 1159)QVTR, QITR

Unbalance VariationsQVUB, QIUB

Frequency Variations (according to EN 50160 and 61000-4-30)QFVR

RMS Voltage Variations (sags/swells/momentary according to IEC 61000-4-30 and IEEE 1159)

QVVR Events

Voltage Fluctuations (flicker according to IEC 61000-4-15)MFLK Power in non-sinusoidal situations (according to IEEE 1459)MADV Harmonics and interharmonics (according to IEC 61000-4-7)MHAI Sequence and unbalanceMSQI General power parametersMMXU

Steady StateDescriptionLN


New and modified CDCs

ENS, ENC and ENG – in addition to INS, INC and ING; to differentiate between enumerated and real integerHST – HistogramAPC and BAC – controllable analog process value and binary controlled analog valueORG – object reference settingTSG – Time settingCUG – Currency settingCSG – Curve shape setting (multiple instances can be used for a three dimensional shape)DPL has been extended with time zone information, owner information and GPS position


CDC Histogram (HST)

numPts INT16UhstCnt ARRAY 1..numPts

OF INT32q Qualityt TimeStamp

Status values

hstRangeC ARRAY 1..numPtsOF Cells

xUnits UnityUnits Unitd Visible String255

Configuration and description

HST = HistogramData Attr Type

Values > hstRangeC(3)

hstRangeUnits

Counts

hstCnt(1)

hstCnt(2)

hstCnt(3)

hstRangeC

(1)

hstRangeC

(2) hstR

angeC(3)

Example: 1

dimensio

nal

Histogram


Modeling curves - CSG

pointZ FLOAT32xUnit UnitxD VISIBLE STRING255yUnit UnityD VISIBLE STRING255numPts INT16UcrvPts ARRAY 1..numPts

OF Point

Setting (or setting group)

CSG Curve Shape SettingData Attr Type

d VISIBLE STRING255Configuration and description

crvPts(2)

y

xcrvPts(0)

crvPts(1) y x

zpointZ

Crv0 (CSG)Crv1 (CSG)


Device name plate - DPL

Product related data (Vendor, HW and SW revision, serial number, model)Operator related data (Location, owner, name of electric power system, role of the device, primary and secondary operator)GPS position (Latitude, longitude and altitude)Time zone information (Offset to UTC, support of daylight saving time, daylight saving time active)Unique identification of an asset or device (master resource ID)


Data acquisition in IEC 61850

Electricale.g. TCTR

Non electricale.g. TPRS

Measuring(Sensors)

Txxx

Analysing

ProcessingMxxx

VA=220.1kV VB=220.2kVVC=220.1kV

ProtectionPxxx

SupervisionSxxx

Trip

TripStart

Cond monitorSxxx

Al1=TRUE

System decides to take actions

standardization of semantic required


New logical nodes

New group K - mechanical and non-electrical

fan, filter, pump, …

Group S – SensorsVibration, Temperature

Group T – TransducersAngle, liquid flow rate, frequency, humidity, media level, vibration, …

Group P – ProtectionRotor protection, …

Group Z – Power system equipmentSynchronous machine


SCL – New File Types

New file types have been introduced to extend the usage of SCL.iid – to support exchange of IED modifications on an IED instance engineered specifically for a project back from the IED tool to the system tool.sed – to support exchange of system interfacing information between two projects handling two systems which need to exchange data


Clarification of .icd file

For flexible IEDs, there exists multiple .icd filesAn flexible IED can be seen as a IED class that supports many functionalities, but not all at the same timeAn .icd file represents a implementable subset of an IED class

IED classall functional capabilitiesnot implementable

ICD 1implementable

subset 1ICD 2

implementable subset 2


.scd

System configurator

Substation(Class)

.icdTEMPLATE

.icd

preconfigure

IED configurator

instantiate

IED1 IED2

.cidProprietary files

IED engineering

IED configurator

IED2

reimport / update

IED2.iid

Use of SCL – summary

Specification

.ssdSpecification tool


SCL – Data exchange between projects

Engineering of online data flow between projectsExample of projects

Two substations exchanging data for e.g. line protectionTwo voltage levels within the substation

RulesAn IED belongs to one projectA project can transfer rights for dataflow engineering to another projectTransfer is done with .sed (System Exchange Description) file


SCL conformance statements

IED configurator conformance statements.icd export.scd import.iid exportTool functionality

System configurator conformance statements.icd and .iid import and usageCommunication engineeringData flow engineering.scd substation section handling.scd modifications, export and import.sed handling


Conclusions

Use of IEC 61850 in substations is well establishedThe standards are ready to use IEC 61850 as well in generation

FutureIEC 61850 will as backbone for operation and management of the power system enable Smart Grids

christoph brunner - ieee · pdf fileiec 61850 communication {uses the strengths of the osi 7...

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