chunks of language - braz-tesol.pdf
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CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
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CHUNKS OF LANGUAGE19 - 22 DE JULHO, 2010
São Paulo - SP
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
WhatWhat are Chunks are Chunks ofof LanguageLanguage??
A sequence of words which native speakersrecognize as the natural and better way ofexpressing a particular idea.
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expressing a particular idea.
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
Are Are therethere chunkschunks in in PortuguesePortuguese??
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CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
Chunks in Chunks in PortuguesePortuguese::
01. É bom a gente ficar de olhos b........................ abertos para saber o que ele vai fazer.
02. Eu perdi o ônibus! Por isto cheguei a........................ ao trabalho.
03. Eu não quero falar c........................ ela novamente.
04. Acho bom você fazer isto amanhã de m........................ bem cedinho.
05. O que vocês estão p........................ em fazer agora?
em
trasado
om
anhã
ensando
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06. Já está mais do que na hora de você a........................ um emprego?
07. Não faço a menor i........................ de como ele conseguiu fazer isto?
08. Para quem não está conseguindo e........................ no site, segue o link corrigido.
09. Não cheguei a ler tudo não, só dei uma olhada r........................ e pronto.
10. Esta conversa sobre comida abriu meu a......................... Vamos comer?
rrumar
deia
ntrar
ápida
petite
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
Chunks in Chunks in PortuguesePortuguese::
01. Ela vive pegando no meu ...................... por causa desta história.
02. Já está mais do que na hora de você começar a fazer seu ...................... de meia.
03. O irmão dela é um tremendo ...................... no saco.
04. O filho dela é um ...................... frio e tanto. Tudo dá errado para ele!
05. Não podemos traduzir estas expressões ao ...................... da letra.
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06. Quando ele ouviu a voz do pai dele, ele deu no ......................
07. Quando o rio é fundo demais algumas pessoas dizem que ele não dá ......................
08. Rodrigo levou um ...................... na bunda da namorada dele.
09. Mas que história mais sem ...................... nem cabeça.
10. Pode ir! Mas vá num ...................... e volte no outro!
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
WhyWhy learnlearn andand teachteach chunks?chunks?The brain stores more sequences of wordsthan isolated words.
Because of chunks we’re able to speak and
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Because of chunks we’re able to speak andwrite fluently.
Knowing lots of chunks also makes listeningand reading easier as well.
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
KindsKinds ofof ChunksChunksofof LanguageLanguage
institutionalised institutionalised expressionsexpressions
prepositionalprepositional phrasesphrases
idiomsidioms
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ofof LanguageLanguage collocationscollocations
sentencesentence headsheads
phrasesphrases oror polywordspolywords
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
HowHow cancan wewe teachteach chunks?chunks?
Before teaching chunks we’d better learnhow to find them. Or... As we prefer to say:NOTICENOTICE them.
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NOTICENOTICE them.
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
HowHow to to noticenotice chunkschunks??
Reading is by far the best way to noticechunks of language. So, we have to helplearners to improve their skill of NOTICINGNOTICING.
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learners to improve their skill of NOTICINGNOTICING.
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
NoticingNoticing chunkschunks in in dialogsdialogs::Dad Hi, Carl. It’s me. How’s it going?
Carl Oh, hi, Dad. Everything’s great.
Dad So, are you studying for your exams?
Carl Oh, yeah. I’m working very hard this semester.
Dad Good. So what are you doing right now? Are you studying?
Carl Uh, Dad, right now I’m watching a baseball game.
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Carl Uh, Dad, right now I’m watching a baseball game.
Dad Baseball? ... Uh, who’s playing?
Carl The Yankess and the Red Sox.
Dad Really? Uh, Carl,... Let’s talk again in two hours.
Carl Ok, Dad. Enjoy the game!
Dad You too. But please try and study for your exams!
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
NoticingNoticing chunkschunks in in dialogsdialogs::Dad Hi, Carl. It’s me. How’s it going?
Carl Oh, hi, Dad. Everything’s great.
Dad So, are you studying for your exams?
Carl Oh, yeah. I’m working very hard this semester.
Dad Good. So what are you doing right now? Are you studying?
Carl Uh, Dad, right now I’m watching a baseball game.
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Carl Uh, Dad, right now I’m watching a baseball game.
Dad Baseball? ... Uh, who’s playing?
Carl The Yankess and the Red Sox.
Dad Really? Uh, Carl,... Let’s talk again in two hours.
Carl Ok, Dad. Enjoy the game!
Dad You too. But please try and study for your exams!
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
NoticingNoticing chunkschunks in in textstexts::
I started my new job at the design company. I like it a
lot. I met Brad after work. He wants to go out for dinner
on Wednesday, but I already made dinner plans with
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on Wednesday, but I already made dinner plans with
some people from work, and I really want to go. Anyway,
Brad never pays.
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
NoticingNoticing chunkschunks in in textstexts::
I started my new job at the design company. I like it a
lot. I met Brad after work. He wants to go out for dinner
on Wednesday, but I already made dinner plans with
DDENILSOENILSO DEDE LLIMAIMAhttp://[email protected]
on Wednesday, but I already made dinner plans with
some people from work, and I really want to go. Anyway,
Brad never pays.
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
HowHow cancan learnerslearners rememberremember chunkschunks??
LLEXICALEXICAL NNOTEBOOKOTEBOOKLLEXICALEXICAL NNOTEBOOKOTEBOOK
AlphabeticalAlphabeticalOrderOrder
PortuguesePortugueseintointo EnglishEnglish
FullFull ofofExamplesExamples
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CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGERecordingRecording chunkschunks::
E aí, o que E aí, o que você está fazendovocê está fazendo [...]?[...]?
SoSo, , whatwhat are are youyou doingdoing
nownow??
rightright nownow??
atat thisthis momentmoment??
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E aí, o que E aí, o que você vai fazervocê vai fazer [...]?[...]?
SoSo, , whatwhat are are youyou doingdoing
tonighttonight??
tomorrowtomorrow??
onon thethe weekend?weekend?
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGERecordingRecording chunkschunks::
Chunks Chunks withwith FootFoot::
put your foot down =
bater o pé
put your best
foot forward =
have a foot
in the door
= estar com
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put your foot in your
mouth = meter os pés
pelas mãosgo on foot = ir à
pé
foot forward =
esforçar-se ao
máximo
= estar com
o pé na
porta
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
TheThe ImportanceImportance ofof RevisitingRevisiting
Encourage your learners to look backat the language they’ve recorded anddo something – perhaps anything –
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do something – perhaps anything –with it.
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
HelpfulHelpful ActivitiesActivities
� Memorizing short dialogs
1. Choose a very short dialog from the coursebook. If you have it on CD, letstudents listen to it;
2. Have a little conversation about the dialog. Hand out the transcript ;
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2. Have a little conversation about the dialog. Hand out the transcript ;
3. Tell them they’ll have to memorize the whole dialog as homework;
4. In the next class, have students in pairs and they’ll have to recite thewhole dialog to their partner. Partners may give each other hints asnecessary
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
HelpfulHelpful ActivitiesActivities
� What are those initials for?
1. Motivate students to record chunks of language during a period of time.These chunks are chosen by the teacher;
2. Discuss them with students whenever possible. Ask them for examples
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2. Discuss them with students whenever possible. Ask them for examplesusing that specific chunk.
3. After a couple of classes, say, 5 classes. Hand out copies of a worksheetyou prepared and ask students to complete the blanks. In the blanks youhave the initials of the chunks you want to revisit with them
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
HelpfulHelpful ActivitiesActivities
� Teach your Chunk
Ask students to teach the class a chunk from time to time. Doing so, you’ll bemotivating them to record, revisit and reactivate chunks. This helps them to
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motivating them to record, revisit and reactivate chunks. This helps them tokeep chunks alive in the brain.
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
HelpfulHelpful ActivitiesActivities
� Review Posters
Poster A – Chunks Being Learned:
Write only the initials of a chunk which students are having problems to
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Write only the initials of a chunk which students are having problems toremember – b. t. w. / n. m. / w. a. y. g. t. d. t.? / t. y. v. m. / c. I a. y. a q.? / etc.
From time to time use this poster to reactivate a chunk. Give students somehints so that they can remember what chunk is that. You can even use thePortuguese equivalence to that chunk so as to help them remembering.
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
HelpfulHelpful ActivitiesActivities
� Review Posters
Poster B – Pretty Well Learned:
When most of the students can remember a chunk represented by initial on
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When most of the students can remember a chunk represented by initial onPoster A, cross the initials out and write them on Poster B. Review the chunkson Poster B once a week.
When Posters A or B are full, cover it with a blank one.
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
HelpfulHelpful ActivitiesActivities
� Lexical Bag or Lexical Box
Ask students to write a chunk they noticed in the lesson on a small piece ofpaper.
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Students place the paper in a bag or box. In the beginning of each lesson,teacher picks 2 or 3 papers and asks students for example with the chunks. Ifone student do not know what that chunk means, other will have the chanceto teach the chunk.
CCHUNKSHUNKS OFOF LLANGUAGEANGUAGE
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