churrasco ciceronian cinnabar - haus.orghaus.org/richter/2004cwl_frequent_pp60-118.pdf · 2004...

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2004 Scripps National Spelling Bee Consolidated Word List: Words Appearing Frequently Page 60 of 349 churrasco n / chUSrBTskP / Sp beef broiled on a spit over an open fire or grilled under an oven flame. At the barbecue the whole family feasted on the churrasco that Dad cooked. chutney n / SchEtnG / Prakrit > Hindi a condiment that has the consistency of jam and is made of acid fruits with added raisins, dates, and onions and seasoned to taste with spices and vinegar. Spicy or sweet chutney is sometimes eaten with Indian meals containing curry. chymous adj / SkImEs / Gk + Ecf of or relating to the semifluid mass of partly digested food resulting from the action of gastric juice. One of the coroner’s less pleasant tasks is testing chymous material. ciborium cicada n / sDSkCdE / L any insect of the family Cicadidae—called also “locust.” The male cicada produces sound by vibrating miniature “drumheads” on the lower surface of its abdomen. cicerone n / TsisESrPnG / L > It one who acts as a guide to or shows the sights to. At the end of the tour, Maria praised her cicerone as being very knowledgeable and articulate. Ciceronian adj / TsisESrPnGEn / L name resembling the Roman orator Cicero in oratorical or literary qualities. Beulah’s Ciceronian bombast about Destiny and Youth impressed the audience. ciguatera n / TsGgwESterE / Taino > Sp poisoning caused by eating fish or mollusks with flesh toxic to man. Although she contracted ciquatera in June, Constance could not return to work until November. cilantro n / sDSlantrP / L > Sp leaves of coriander used as a flavoring or garnish. In Janet’s opinion, the best part of the fresh salsa was the chopped cilantro. cincture v / SsiN(k)chE(r) / L girdle with or as if with a belt or band. For the Halloween party, Evelina chose to cincture her gypsy costume with a spangled belt. cinematographer n / TsinEmEStBgrEfE(r) / Gk a motion-picture camera operator. Darina won the award for outstanding cinematographer at last year’s Montreal Film Festival. cinereous cinnabar n / SsinETbBr / Gk > L&F artificial red mercuric sulfide used principally as a pigment. The orange color of rubber gaskets is often created by the addition of cinnabar. cinnamon n / SsinEmEn / ? > Gk > L > F > E a culinary spice prepared from the bark of certain tropical trees. Akbar likes cinnamon in his hot chocolate. cioppino n / chESpGTnP / It a dish of fish and shellfish cooked in tomato sauce and usually seasoned with wine, spices, and herbs. After an afternoon at the beach, Beverly stopped at a local restaurant for cioppino and coffee. circadian circinate adj / SsErsFnTCt / L rounded in outline : characterized by or having the form of a flat coil of which the apex is the center. The retracted tongue of a butterfly forms a circinate coil. circuit n / SsErkDt / L > F the complete path of an electric current. The average electrical house circuit carries about 30 amperes.

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Page 1: churrasco Ciceronian cinnabar - haus.orghaus.org/richter/2004cwl_frequent_pp60-118.pdf · 2004 Scripps National Spelling Bee Consolidated Word List: Words Appearing Frequently Page

2004 Scripps National Spelling Bee Consolidated Word List: Words Appearing Frequently

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churrascon/ chUSrBTskP /Spbeef broiled on a spit over an openfire or grilled under an oven flame.At the barbecue the whole familyfeasted on the churrasco that Dadcooked.

chutneyn/ SchEtnG /Prakrit > Hindia condiment that has theconsistency of jam and is made ofacid fruits with added raisins, dates,and onions and seasoned to tastewith spices and vinegar.Spicy or sweet chutney issometimes eaten with Indian mealscontaining curry.

chymousadj/ SkImEs /Gk + Ecfof or relating to the semifluid massof partly digested food resultingfrom the action of gastric juice.One of the coroner’s less pleasanttasks is testing chymous material.

ciborium

cicadan/ sDSkCdE /Lany insect of the familyCicadidae—called also “locust.”The male cicada produces sound byvibrating miniature “drumheads”on the lower surface of itsabdomen.

ciceronen/ TsisESrPnG /L > Itone who acts as a guide to or showsthe sights to.At the end of the tour, Mariapraised her cicerone as being veryknowledgeable and articulate.

Ciceronianadj/ TsisESrPnGEn /L nameresembling the Roman oratorCicero in oratorical or literaryqualities.Beulah’s Ciceronian bombastabout Destiny and Youth impressedthe audience.

ciguateran/ TsGgwESterE /Taino > Sppoisoning caused by eating fish ormollusks with flesh toxic to man.Although she contracted ciquaterain June, Constance could not returnto work until November.

cilantron/ sDSlantrP /L > Spleaves of coriander used as aflavoring or garnish.In Janet’s opinion, the best part ofthe fresh salsa was the choppedcilantro.

cincturev/ SsiN(k)chE(r) /Lgirdle with or as if with a belt orband.For the Halloween party, Evelinachose to cincture her gypsycostume with a spangled belt.

cinematographern/ TsinEmEStBgrEfE(r) /Gka motion-picture camera operator.Darina won the award foroutstanding cinematographer atlast year’s Montreal Film Festival.

cinereous

cinnabarn/ SsinETbBr /Gk > L&Fartificial red mercuric sulfide usedprincipally as a pigment.The orange color of rubber gasketsis often created by the addition ofcinnabar.

cinnamonn/ SsinEmEn /? > Gk > L > F > Ea culinary spice prepared from thebark of certain tropical trees.Akbar likes cinnamon in his hotchocolate.

cioppinon/ chESpGTnP /Ita dish of fish and shellfish cookedin tomato sauce and usuallyseasoned with wine, spices, andherbs.After an afternoon at the beach,Beverly stopped at a localrestaurant for cioppino and coffee.

circadian

circinateadj/ SsErsFnTCt /Lrounded in outline : characterizedby or having the form of a flat coilof which the apex is the center.The retracted tongue of a butterflyforms a circinate coil.

circuitn/ SsErkDt /L > Fthe complete path of an electriccurrent.The average electrical housecircuit carries about 30 amperes.

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circuitousadj/ TsErSkyVEZEs /Lbeing a circular or winding course :indirect, roundabout.As we drove through themountains, the road took anincreasingly circuitous route.

circular

circumambulatev/ TsErkEmSambyETlCt /Lwander about at leisure withoutdefinite purpose or as a result ofindirection.Her first day in London, Conniedecided to circumambulate insteadof taking a guided tour.

circumlocutionn/ TsErkEmlPSkyVshEn /Lthe use of an unnecessarily largenumber of words to express anidea.The attorney’s circumlocutioncaused one of the jurors to doze off.

circumstantialadj/ TsErkEmzStanchEl /L + Ecfbelonging to, consisting of,influenced by, or dependent onconditions, facts, or eventsaccompanying others.The report contains strongcircumstantial evidence ofwrongdoing by the governor.

cirrhosisn/ sDSrPsDs /Gk + Lcf[has homonym and near homonym:sorosis and xerosis] a chronicprogressive disease of the liver.The damage caused by cirrhosis isirreversible.

cislunaradj/ sisSlVnE(r) /L + Lof or relating to the space betweenEarth and the Moon or the Moon’sorbit.The space enthusiast talked oftenabout the practicalities of settingup a colony in the cislunar region.

cisternn/ SsistE(r)n /L > F > E[has homonym: sistern] anartificial reservoir or tank forholding or storing water or otherliquids.Three weeks into the drought, thefarm’s cistern ran dry.

citadeln/ SsiZEdFl /L > It > Fa fortress that commands a cityboth for control and defense;broadly : a strong fortress.The citadel had three separatewalls around it so that defenderscould retreat again and again to aposition of safety.

citation

cite

citify

citizen

citronellan/ TsitrESnelE /F > La yellowish essential oil withlemonlike odor obtained fromeither of two grasses and usedespecially as an insect repellent.Candles containing citronella werekept burning on the picnic table.

civitasn/ SkGwGTtBs /La body of people constituting apolitically organized community.The concept of civitas remainsstrong in many small towns.

clairvoyant

clandestineadj/ klanSdestDn /Lmarked by, held in, or conductedwith secrecy and concealment.Mike and Sally made clandestinepreparations for their mom'ssurprise birthday party.

claquen/ Sklak /F[has homonym: clack] an opera hatwith a collapsible crown.As the gentleman entered the operahouse, he doffed and flattened hisclaque.

claret

clarify

clarion

claustrophobe

claustrophobian/ TklOstrESfPbGE /Gk + Gkabnormal dread of being in closedor narrow spaces.Herman’s claustrophobia keepshim from flying on crowdedairplanes.

clavichord

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claviclen/ SklavDkEl /La bone in man situated just abovethe first rib on either side of theneck and having the form of anarrow elongated S.Garth wore shoulder pads tofootball practice to protect hisclavicle.

clavigern/ SklavDjE(r) /Lone that keeps the key or keys :custodian, warden.Because she had forgotten her key,Marsha needed to locate theclaviger, Mr. Carl, to open herclassroom door.

clematisn/ SklemEZDs /Gka plant of a genus of opposite-leaved slightly woody vines orerect herbs having elongateplumose styles.The clematis is cultivated in NorthAmerica for its attractive flowers.

clemencyn/ SklemEnsG /L[Note: The definition provided isnot the one most commonlyassociated with this word.]tendency to be mild andcompassionate.Emma supposed she must say morebefore she would be entitled to Mr.Knightley’s clemency.

clepsydran/ SklepsEdrE /Gk > Lan instrument designed to measuretime by the flow of a quantity ofwater.For his science project Kerrydesigned and built a clepsydra.

clerisyn/ SklerEsG /L > Gthe well-educated or learned class :intelligentsia.Many believe that laws should bereadily understood by the generalpublic, not solely by an eliteclerisy.

clientelen/ TklIEnStel /L > Fa body of patrons or customers.Bill hopes to enlarge the clienteleof the shoe store.

climatology

clinically

cliniciann/ klDSnishEn /Gk > Fone who directs, is closely alliedwith, or works in or through aclinic or with clinical methods.At the hospital a clinician drew avial of Harry’s blood to test fordiabetes.

clinquantadj/ SkliNkEnt /Fglittering especially with golddecoration : showily ornate.The theater lobby in its clinquantsplendor cast dazzling reflectionsfrom every gleaming surface.

cliquen/ Sklik /F[alternate pronunciation hashomonym: cleek] a narrowexclusive circle or group of people.Sofia didn’t want to be part of thepopular clique because she thoughtthey were the most boring kids inschool.

clochen/ klPsh /L > F[alternate pronunciation hashomonym: closh] a woman’s smallhelmetlike hat usually with deeprounded crown and very narrowbrim.At the Thatchers’ weddingMargaret looked smashing in herwhite ostrich-feather cloche.

clodhoppern/ SklBdThBpE(r) /E + Ea large heavy shoe.The thump of Archie’s clodhopperhitting the floor announced that hewas going to bed.

cloistered

clothev/ SklPL /Eput garments on.Elizabeth Cady Stanton stressedthat she did not propose petitioningthe legislature to clothe everywoman in male attire.

cloture

cloudyadj/ SklaUdG /Emade or consisting of fog, mist, orhaze.The mountain with its cloudy veilinspired Sven’s painting.

clough

clowder

clusen/ SklVz /L > F[has homonym: clues] a narrowgorge cutting transversely throughan otherwise continuous ridge.Although Brian studied the trailmap carefully, he found no mentionof the cluse that barred his way.

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cnemialadj/ SnGmGEl /Gk + Erelating to the shin or shinbone.Bud suffered a cnemial injury whilequarterbacking in the game lastnight.

coacervaten/ TkPESsErvDt /Lan aggregate of colloidal dropletsheld together by electrostaticattractive forces.The chemist referred to theaggregation of liquid particles inan emulsion as a coacervate.

coadjutorn/ TkPESjVZE(r) /L > F > Eone who works together withanother usually in a somewhatsubordinate position : assistant.Offended by being called a“lackey,” Marcus prefers to becalled a “coadjutor.”coagulatev/ kPSagyETlCt /Lcurdle, clot.Hemophiliacs lack a proteinneeded to help blood coagulate.

coalescev/ TkPESles /Lunite by growth into one body.The nervous host hoped that thetight little groups of guests wouldcoalesce into a real party.

coalescencen/ TkPESlesFn(t)s /La growing together or union in onebody, form, or group.Rain is the result of the coalescenceof water droplets within a cloud.

coalification

coalitionn/ TkPESlishEn /L > F + Ecfthe temporary alliance of distinctparties, persons, or states to achievea common purpose.Representatives from a coalition oflabor unions met with themultinational corporation’slawyers in an attempt to work out anew contract.

coaming

coarationn/ TkPESrCshEn /Lcooperative tilling of soil aspracticed by early villagecommunities.The villagers found that coarationwas the most efficient system forcultivating the land.

coax

coccygeal

cochinealn/ SkBchETnGl /Sp > Fa red dyestuff consisting of thedried bodies of the cochineal insect.Before the introduction of syntheticdyes, cochineal was commonlyused in textile production.

cochleariformadj/ TkPklGSa(a)rDTfOrm /Gk > L + Ecfshaped like a spoon.Jacques theorized that thecochleariform bone was used inprehistoric times as a spoon.

cockatoo

cocoonn/ kESkVn /L > Prov > Fa silky or fibrous protectiveencasement created by a larvalinsect for shelter during the pupalstage.Ricky found the cocoon of a mothclinging to a branch of an oak tree.

codeinen/ SkP(T)dGn /Gk + Fa crystalline alkaloid usually madefrom morphine but feebler inaction.The patient was given codeine tokill the pain.

codiciln/ SkBdEsDl /L > Fa legal instrument madesubsequently to a will andmodifying it in some respects.Robert had his lawyer draw up acodicil to clarify a few ambiguitiesin his will.

codicology

coelostatn/ SsGlETstat /L > ISV + GK > ISVa device consisting of a flat mirrorthat is turned slowly by a motor toreflect the Sun continuously into afixed telescope.Professor Merkle plans to use acoelostat to photograph themovements of planetary bodies.

coerce

coercion

coevaladj/ kPSGvEl /L + Ecfof the same or equal age orantiquity.Nearly the same in mass andbrightness, the stars were thoughtto be coeval.

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coffee

cogent

cogitatev/ SkBjETtCt /Lponder on or meditate upon.Greta liked to cogitate on the tricksshe could play on her big brother.

cogitating

cognizantadj/ SkBgnEzEnt /L > F > Eaware : perceiving with a degree ofcontrolled thought or observation.Watching television commercialscan make viewers more cognizantof fads and fashions.

cognomenn/ kBgSnPmEn /Lone’s family name : surname.The cognomen “Crane” fit thephysical attributes of the tall, lank,long-armed, and shovel-footedIchabod, whose whole frame mostloosely hung together.

cognoscitiveadj/ kBgSnBsEZiv /L + Ecfhaving the power of knowing.Lillian explained to her friends thather cognoscitive ability was innate,something like a sixth sense.

coherence

cohesion

coincidentaladj/ kPTinsDSdentFl /Lcharacterized by the concurrence ofevents between which there is nocausal connection.It was purely coincidental that theelectricity went off just as theguests began to arrive for thesurprise party.

cointisen/ kwanStGz /F > Ea scarf worn on a lady’s headdressor as a token of favor on a knight’shelmet.Sir Agravaine proudly displayedthe bright red cointise.

colectomy

colicn/ SkBlik /Gk > L > F > Eacute abdominal pain in man oranimals.Last spring Sam’s horse had colic.

collabentadj/ kPSlCbEnt /Lsunken or falling in : collapsing inthe middle.Orville poked the collabent anthillwith a stick.

collaboratorn/ kESlabETrCZE(r) /L[has near homonym: collaborateur]one that works jointly with others.Sir William Gilbert was ArthurSullivan’s collaborator for manyoperettas.

collagen/ kESlBzh /Gk > LF + Fcfan artistic composition offragments of printed matter andother materials pasted on a picturesurface.Sabrina spent weeks finishing alarge collage of a Paris streetscene.

collatev/ kESlCt /Larrange or assemble (paper, sheets,or forms) according to an orderlysystem.Edith's favorite feature of the newcopier was its ability to collatedocuments.

collateraladj/ kESlaZErEl /L > F > E[Note: The definition provided isnot the one most commonlyassociated with this word.] placedor regarded as side by side :parallel, coordinate, orcorresponding in position, order,time, or significance.Mexico’s Sierra Madre Orientaland Occidental mountain rangesare collateral.

collegen/ SkBlij /L[Note: The definition provided isnot the one most commonlyassociated with this word.] anorganized group of personsengaged in a common pursuit,having a common duty or role andsometimes a charter or specialrights and privileges.Pope John Paul II was 58 years oldwhen the College of Cardinalselected him to lead the RomanCatholic Church.

collegial

collieryn/ SkBlyErG /E[has near homonym: colory] a coalmine and the buildings connectedwith it.The colliery around which thevillage was built closed when itsreserves of coal were exhausted.

collocal

colloquial

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colloquyn/ SkBlEkwG /Lhigh-level serious discussion.Listeners in the gallery mustremain silent during thelegislators’ colloquy.

collusionn/ kESlVzhEn /Lsecret agreement : secretcooperation for a fraudulent ordeceitful purpose.For acting in collusion with anenemy agent, the nuclear scientistwas sentenced to 20 years inprison.

colognen/ kESlPn /G name > Fa perfumed liquid composed ofalcohol and certain aromatic oils.The taxi driver sprayed expensivecologne in his cab every evening.

colonel

colonelcyn/ SkErnFlsG /L > It > F + Ecfthe office, rank, or commission of acolonel.Nathan announced that he wasbeing considered for a colonelcy inthe infantry.

colonnade

colophonn/ SkBlEfEn /Gkan identifying mark, emblem, ordevice used by a printer orpublisher sometimes on the titlepage, cover, shelfback, or jacket.The publisher decided on the figureof a Russian wolfhound as itscolophon.

coloraturan/ TkElErEStUrE /L > It[Note: Could be confused withcolorature.] the floridornamentation in vocal music (asruns, trills, arpeggios).Barry thinks that he would enjoyopera music more if it did notcontain so much coloratura.

colossaladj/ kESlBsEl /Gk > L > Fcharacterized by extremely greatbulk, extent, force, strength, power,or effect.The new stadium is a colossalbuilding seating about a hundredthousand people.

column

comediennen/ kETmGdGSen /Gk > F[Note: Could be confused withcomedian.] an actress who plays indramas of light and amusingcharacter and typically with ahappy ending.Lucille Ball was America’s favoritecomedienne during the 1950s.

comestible

cometn/ SkBmDt /Gka celestial body that consists of afuzzy head usually surrounding abright nucleus and that has an orbitvarying in eccentricity.The vaunted Kohoutek cometproved to be a greatdisappointment for stargazers.

comfort

commemoratev/ kESmemETrCt /Lcall to remembrance as by speech,writing, or ceremony.Every year on December seventh,ceremonies are held tocommemorate those who diedduring the attack on Pearl Harbor.

commencement

commendableadj/ kESmendEbEl /Lworthy of praise.Jim received several scholarshipsas a result of his commendableacademic performance.

commensurable

commensurateadj/ kESmen(t)s(E)rDt /Lcorresponding in size, extent,amount, or degree : proportionate.The want ad stated that salarywould be commensurate withexperience.

commentary

commercialadj/ kESmErshEl /L > F + Ecffrom the point of view of profit :having profit as the primary aim.Leila was determined that herjewelry store would be acommercial success.

commercializev/ kESmErshETlIz /L > F + Ecffmake use of for profit-seekingpurposes.The Hopi denounced those whowould commercialize theirreligious dances and ceremonies.

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comminationn/ TkBmESnCshEn /L[Note: Could be confused withcombination.] an instance or theaction of announcing, warning of,or threatening punishment orvengeance.The president ended his speechwith a severe commination againstthe rebels.

comminute

commiserationn/ kETmizESrCshEn /Lthe feeling or showing of sorrow orthe expression of condolence forthe wants or distresses of another.Aunt Betsy sighed and moralizedwith true and steadycommiseration.

commissary

commissional

commitmentn/ kESmitmEnt /Lthe consignment or sentencing toconfinement (as in a prison ormental hospital).Tony’s sentence includedcommitment to the statepenitentiary for at least five years.

commodiousadj/ kESmPdGEs /L > F > E + Lcf + Ecflarge or roomy and convenient.Leo and his family rented a modestbut commodious villa in Spain.

commorancy

communicate

commutev/ kESmyVt /Ltravel back and forth regularly orfrequently.For his work, Horst must commutedaily between Philadelphia andNew York.

comparativelyadv/ kEmSparEZivlG /Lnearly, approximately.“Well, approximately yes,” hereplied; “that is, comparativelyno.”compatible

compelledv/ kEmSpeld /Lforced by physical necessity.Artie was compelled to hold hisbreath while swimming underwater.

compendiumn/ kEmSpendGEm /La work treating in brief form theimportant features of a whole fieldof knowledge or subject mattercategory.Eileen is writing a compendium ofinvestment information for smallcompany shareholders.

compensable

competencyn/ SkBmpEZEnsG /Lthe quality or state of beingfunctionally adequate.The prospective student questionedthe competency of the professor.

competently

compilation

complementn/ SkBmplEmEnt /La finishing or consummating part,integral, or component.The earrings made the perfectcomplement to Anjali’s ensemble.

comprehendv/ TkBmprDShend /L > Esee the nature, significance, ormeaning of.Although he had read every wordof Moby Dick, Stu failed tocomprehend it.

compulsory

compunctionn/ kEmSpEN(k)shEn /Lnormal human regret, pity, oranxiety : remorse.The children showed nocompunction about having eatenthe entire cake before dinner.

compunctious

computernik

comradelinessn/ SkBmTradlGnDs /L > Sp > F + Ecffa spirit of friendly familiarity andgoodwill.The comradeliness of her shipmatesput Mrs. Stein at ease.

comstockery

concatenatev/ kBnSkaZETnCt /Llink together : unite in a series orchain.The professor told the class to writea program that would concatenatetwo or more files.

conceit

conceivable

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conceivably

concentratev/ SkBn(t)sEnTtrCt /L + Ecfbring all one’s powers, faculties, oractivities to bear : focus.Anthony couldn’t concentrate onthe reading material because hewas sick.

concentricadj/ kEnSsentrik /Lhaving a common center (as circlesone within another).Shane stared at the concentriccircles of the dart board for so longthat he seemed to be hypnotized.

conceptn/ SkBnTsept /Lthought, idea, notion.Julie’s concept of an entertainingmovie was not the same as heryounger brother’s.

concertina

concerton/ kEnScherZ(T)P /L > Ita virtuoso piece for solo instrumentor voice and orchestra that usuallyhas three contrasting movements.A violin concerto by Vivaldiconcluded the orchestra’s program.

concessible

concessionn/ kEnSseshEn /Lthe admitting of a point claimed inargument; especially : the voluntaryyielding of a disputable contention.Concession was out of the question,but it was time to appear to forgetthat they had ever quarreled.

concessionary

conchn/ SkBNk /Gk > L[has homonym: conk] any ofvarious large spiral-shelled marinegastropod mollusks.Herbert recoiled when he sawconch on the menu of theCaribbean restaurant.

conchiformadj/ SkBNkETfOrm /Gk > L > ISVshell-shaped.Mom keeps her jewelry in aconchiform box.

conchiticadj/ kBNSkiZik /Gkcomposed of shells.The professor brought in a piece ofconchitic limestone so studentscould examine the mollusk shells init.

conciergen/ kPMSsyerzh /L > Fan attendant at the entrance of abuilding : doorkeeper.The concierge took note of themysterious man’s comings andgoings at the hotel.

conciergerie

conciliatev/ kEnSsilGTCt /Lwin over from a state of hostility ordistrust : appease.The new king hoped to conciliatehis subjects by doing them all thegood in his power.

concinnityn/ kEnSsinEZG /Lharmony or fitness in theadaptation of parts to a whole or toeach other.After reading through the writer’sfirst draft, the editor praised thewriter for her consistency andconcinnity of style.

conclamant

concoctv/ kEnSkBkt /Lput together : devise, fabricate.Mom overheard the boys concoct astory to explain the broken window.

concoction

concomitantadj/ kEnSkBmEZEnt /Loccurring along with or at the sametime as and with or without causalrelationship.Mr. Simmons noted that his son’spoor grades in algebra wereconcomitant with the start of thebasketball season.

concordatn/ kEnSkOrTdat /L > Fa compact between a nationalgovernment and a religious groupestablishing terms of agreementconcerning matters of mutualinterest.Bonaparte and Pope Pius VIIsigned a concordat that the state ofFrance should protect andacknowledge the Roman CatholicChurch.

concrescence

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concurrencen/ kEnSkErEn(t)s /L[has homonym: concurrents]agreement in opinion.Frank agreed to it, but with soquiet a “Yes,” as inclined Emmaalmost to doubt his realconcurrence.

concussionn/ kEnSkEshEn /La smart or hard knock, blow, orcollision; also : the shock of such ablow.When Amy slipped on the ice shenearly suffered a concussion.

condemnv/ kEnSdem /L[has near homonym: contemn]pronounce as ill-advised,reprehensible, wrong, or evil.Often custom justifies an actionthat years later it will condemn.

condescendedv/ TkBndDSsendDd /L > F > E + Ecfstooped or bent to action or speechless formal or dignified than iscustomary in one’s social rank.The rajah condescended to seathimself on a rug under the tree.

condign

condimentn/ SkBndEmEnt /L > F > Esomething usually pungent, acid,salty, or spicy added to or servedwith food to enhance its flavor or togive added flavor : seasoning.Mustard is the condiment usuallyserved on hot pastrami sandwiches.

condolence

condorn/ SkBnTdO(E)r /Quechua > Spa very large American vulturehaving the head and neck bare andbeing one of the largest and mostpowerful of flying birds.Of all the birds of prey at the zoo,the Andean condor is Alison’sfavorite.

conductor

conduitn/ SkBn(T)dVDt /F > Ea natural or artificial channelthrough which water or other fluidpasses or is conveyed.Grandfather showed Logan theconduit that irrigated his largegarden.

conferential

confettin pl/ kEnSfeZG /L > Ittiny colored paper disks or paperstreamers so made as to scatterreadily when thrown.Ticker tape and confetti swirledlike snow over the crowded street.

confiscatev/ SkBnfDTskCt /Lseize by or as if by public authority.After a two-hour wait, the borderguard decided not to confiscateBrenda’s antique necklace.

conflagrationn/ TkBnflESgrCshEn /La large disastrous fire involvingnumerous buildings.Sixty fire trucks were called in tobattle the conflagration.

confluencen/ SkBnTflVEn(t)s /Lthe place of meeting of twostreams.Martina agreed to meet Lynn at theconfluence of Rogers Creek and theLittle Red River.

confusion

congan/ SkBNgE /African geog namea Cuban dance of African origininvolving three steps followed by akick and performed by a group insingle file.When he was a child, Jimmy lovedto dance the conga.

congeal

congenialadj/ kEnSjGnyEl /Lcharacterized by friendlysociability.Paul and Linda appreciated therestaurant’s congenial atmosphere.

congenital

conglobev/ kEnSglPb /Lform into a ball.Time-lapse photos showed howclouds conglobe.

conglomeraten/ kEnSglBm(E)rDt /La mixture gathered from varioussources : a composite mass.Father called his specialty “Irishstew,” but it was really more like aconglomerate of indeterminatesubstances.

congruent

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coniferousadj/ kPSnif(E)rEs /(Gk + L) > L + Ecfbearing cones.A covering of coniferous treeskeeps some mountains green allwinter.

conjugal

conjunctiva

Connecticutadj/ kESneZDkDt /Mohican? > American geog nameof or from the state of Connecticut.Ichabod Crane is a famouscharacter of Connecticut lore.

connived

conniveryn/ kESnIv(E)rG /L + Ecfthe practice of cooperating secretly,especially in a wrongful act.Allen suspects Brenda of conniveryin the mysterious sale of themansion.

connoisseurn/ TkBnESsU(E)r /L > Fone who is an expert in a subject;especially : one who understandsthe details, technique, or principlesof an art and is competent to act asa critical judge.The connoisseur who judged theculinary creations is a chef at afive-star restaurant.

connotev/ kESnPt /Larouse as an inseparably associatedidea or feeling : imply, suggest.Eli wonders if sending a dozenlong-stemmed roses to Gretchenmight connote what he findsdifficult to say.

connubialadj/ kESn(y)VbGEl /Lof or relating to marriage or themarriage state.Susan and Stuart spent theirhoneymoon in a state of connubialcontentment.

conqueror

conquian

conquistadorn/ kOnSk(w)GstETdO(E)r /L > Spconqueror; specifically : any one ofthe leaders in the Spanish conquestof America, especially of Mexicoand Peru, in the 16th century.Mr. Sanchez found the helmet of aconquistador deep in the canyon.

consanguinityn/ TkBnsaNSgwinEZG /Lthe quality or state of being relatedby blood.Consanguinity has historicallybeen of great importance indetermining who sits on the variousthrones of Europe.

consciencen/ SkBnchEn(t)s /Lthe sense of right or wrong withinthe individual.In this country everyone has a rightto exercise individual conscienceand judgment on all matters ofpublic interest.

conscientiousadj/ TkBnchGSenchEs /Lgoverned by the dictates of thesense of right or wrong : honest,scrupulous.Janice was very conscientiousabout telling the truth.

consciousnessn/ SkBnchEsnEs /L + Ecfintuitively perceived knowledge ofsomething in one’s inner self.With a sort of sneeringconsciousness, Tyler admitted thathe had nothing to say that would beentertaining to anyone.

consecratev/ SkBnsDTkrCt /Lmake or declare sacred or holy.The bishop will consecrate the newchapel next Sunday.

consecutive

consenescence

consensusn/ kEnSsen(t)sEs /Lcollective opinion : the judgmentarrived at by most of thoseconcerned.The Booster Club’s consensus wasthat popcorn would sell better thancotton candy.

consentaneous

conservatory

considerable

consignment

consistory

consomme

consortiumn/ kEnSsOrsh(G)Em /L[has near homonym: consortion]an organization of persons having acommon interest.Several organizations joined theconsortium that fosters inclusion ofindividuals with disabilities in allaspects of society.

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conspiracyn/ kEnzSpirEsG /Lan illegal, treasonable, ortreacherous plan to harm or destroyanother person, group, or entity.The commissioner charged that theentire industry was in conspiracy tokeep out competition.

constabularyn/ kEnzStabyETlerG /La body of policemen (as of aparticular town, district, country).The local constabulary was out inforce at the Halloween celebration.

constellationn/ TkBnztESlCshEn /Lany one of 88 arbitraryconfigurations of stars or an area ofthe celestial sphere covering one ofthese configurations.Rani found it difficult to see a scalein the constellation Libra.

constituent

constitution

constrain

construev/ kEnzStrV /L > Eexplain the sense or intention ofoften to one’s own satisfaction oraccording to or in conformity witha given set of circumstances.Paul tried to construe the situationin the best possible light.

consuetuden/ SkBn(t)swDTt(y)Vd /Lsocial usage : custom, habit.The practice of men opening doorsfor women has fallen fromconsuetude.

consummateadj/ SkBn(t)sEmDt /Lof the very highest or finest :supremely excellent.Marie was worried that her sonwould ruin the party, but hebehaved like a consummategentleman.

contagious

container

contemplatev/ SkBntEmTplCt /Lcarefully and intently think aboutsomething : ponder.The board of directors willcontemplate the proposal from therival company.

contemporaneous

contemptibleadj/ kEnStem(p)tEbEl /Lmeriting scorn and condemnationas paltry, mean, base, or vile.Though most people viewed theaccused man as a contemptiblebeing, Sister Agatha pitied him andtried to reach out to him.

contiguousadj/ kEnStigyEwEs /Ltouching or connected throughout.Mr. Wallace understands butresents higher shipping costs forU.S. customers living in statesoutside the contiguous 48.

contingenciesn pl/ kEnStinjEnsGz /Lpossible future events or conditionsor unforeseen occurrences that maynecessitate special measures.Setting the date of the familyreunion involved considering thecontingencies and conveniences ofabout 100 people.

continuum

contour

contrabandn/ SkBntrETband /L > Itgoods or merchandise theimportation, exportation, orsometimes possession of which isforbidden.On the teacher’s desk sat thecontraband taken from studentsduring the day.

contrabass

contrapuntaladj/ TkBntrESpEntFl /Itof, relating to, or according to therules of melodic part writing.J. S. Bach was a master ofcontrapuntal melody.

contrarietyn/ TkBntrESrIEZG /Lthe quality or state of being inopposition or disagreement.Amanda was becoming impatientwith her two-year-old son’scontrariety.

contretempsn/ kPMtrEtBM /F + L > Fan inopportune embarrassingoccurrence : mishap, mischance.Jeremy moved steadily fromblunder to contretemps toembarrassment.

contritionn/ kEnStrishEn /Lconsciousness of guilt or sin givingrise to humility and sorrow.In the warmth of true contrition shewould call upon Miss Bates thevery next morning, and it should bethe beginning, on her side, of aregular, equal, kindly relationship.

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controversyn/ SkBntrETvErsG /La difference marked especially bythe expression of opposing views :dispute.Most television talk shows seemmore interested in creatingcontroversy than in trying toresolve it.

contumacious

contumacyn/ kEnSt(y)VmEsG /L > Estubborn resistance to authority;specifically : willful contempt ofcourt.In the Middle Ages contumacycould be punished byexcommunication and the loss ofcivil rights.

contusionn/ kEnSt(y)VzhEn /La bruise caused by externalviolence.The contusion on Wayne’s shoulderbegan to fade nine days after hisaccident.

conundrumsn pl/ kESnEndrEmz /unknownriddles based on some fanciful orfantastic resemblance betweenthings quite unlike and forming apuzzling question whose answer isor involves a pun.Mr. Elton was invited to contributeany really good conundrums toEmma’s collection of riddles ofevery sort.

convalescence

convectionn/ kEnSvekshEn /Lthe circulatory motion that occursin a fluid at a nonuniformtemperature owing to the variationof its density and the action ofgravity.In the tropics, strong convectiondraws warm air high into the sky.

convene

convenience

convergentadj/ kEnSvErjEnt /Ltending to move toward one pointor each other.The crowds leaving the stadiumbecame convergent on their way tothe subway entrance.

conversantadj/ kEnSvErsFnt /Lfamiliar or acquainted by use orstudy : well-informed.Sabendra is conversant in the latestmovements in European art.

convertiblen/ kEnSvErZEbEl /Lan automobile having a top thatmay be folded back, lowered, orremoved.Thelma and Louise enjoyedcruising the highway in Louise’sconvertible.

conveyance

convivialadj/ kEnSvivGEl /Lfond of good company andfestivity.The convivial lodge owners enjoyedsocializing with their guests.

conviviallyadv/ kEnSvivGElG /L + Ecfin a manner that is fond of goodcompany and festivity.Though the hostess felt ill andwanted to leave the party, shebehaved convivially.

convolute

convoy

coordinateadj/ kPSOrd(F)nDt /Lequal in rank, quality, orsignificance.The United States attempts to keepthe branches of governmentcoordinate.

coossify

Copernicanadj/ kPSpErnDkEn /Pol nameof, relating to, or being theastronomic system of Copernicus inwhich the Sun is taken as the centerof the planets.The Copernican view of the solarsystem was originally regarded asheretical.

copiousadj/ SkPpGEs /Lpresent in large quantity : plentiful,abundant, lavish.Patrick took copious notes duringthe lecture.

copyright

coquetryn/ SkPkDtrG /Feffort or action intended to attractadmiration, gallantry, or affectionwithout responsive feeling.The princess used coquetry as atool as a carpenter uses a hammer.

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coquettishly

coraclen/ SkOrEkEl /Wa small boat made by covering awicker frame with hide or leather.Ted rowed an old coracle to thesmall island in the lake.

cordially

cordilleran/ TkO(r)dFlSerE /L > Spa group of mountain rangesforming a mountain system of greatlinear extent.The Andean cordillera extendsalong the west coast of SouthAmerica.

corduroyn/ SkO(r)dETrOi /F > E namea cut-pile fabric with vertical ribsor wales, usually made of cotton.His worn trousers of corduroy werethree inches too short.

coriandern/ TkPrGSandE(r) /Lan Old World herb whose ripeneddried fruit is used for flavoringespecially of pickles, curries,confectioneries, and liquor.Jane almost always uses corianderto season her stew.

cormorantn/ SkOrm(E)rEnt /L > F > Eany of various dark-colored web-footed seabirds.In parts of eastern Asia thecormorant is domesticated byfishermen.

cornea

cornicen/ SkOrnDs /Gk > L > It > Fthe typically molded and projectinghorizontal member that crowns anarchitectural composition.Here and there among the ruins ofthe great palace, a cornice or partof a column remained intact.

corniculateadj/ kO(r)SnikyElDt /Lhaving horns or small horn-shapedprocesses.In some species of animals, onlythe males are corniculate.

cornucopian/ TkO(r)n(y)ESkPpGE /La curved goat’s horn from themouth of which fruit and ears ofcorn overflow, emblematic ofabundance—called also “horn ofplenty.”Robert placed various kinds of rollsin the basket shaped like acornucopia and set it in the centerof the table.

corollaryn/ SkOrETlerG /La proposition that follows upon onejust demonstrated and that requiresno additional proof.After proving the theorem, Mr.Barnes showed how the corollarylogically followed.

coronachn/ SkOrEnEk /ScGael&IrGaela lamentation for the dead as sungor played on the bagpipes inScotland and Ireland : dirge.The mournful coronach could beheard throughout the valley.

coronaryadj/ SkOrETnerG /Lof or involving the blood vessels ofthe heart; broadly : of or relating tothe heart.A blockage in a coronary arterycaused Tom’s heart attack.

coronern/ SkOrEnE(r) /L > F > AF > Ea public officer whose principalduty is to inquire into the cause ofany death which there is reason tosuppose is not due to naturalcauses.The job of coroner combineselements of medicine and detectivework.

coronetn/ TkOrESnet /Gk > L > Fa small or lesser crown usuallysignifying a high rank below that ofa sovereign.The princess happily let her youngcousin try on the coronet.

corporealadj/ kO(r)SpPrGEl /Lhaving, consisting of, or relating toa physical material body : notspiritual.It’s very difficult for Mrs.O’Connor to think in a corporealway.

corpulentadj/ SkO(r)pyElEnt /Lhaving a large bulky body.Mike and Edie laughed at thecorpulent gorilla as it stuffedbananas into its mouth.

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corpusclen/ SkO(r)TpEsEl /La living cell that is somewhatisolated and not aggregated intocontinuous tissues.In the science fiction movie, a whitecorpuscle attacked the tiny ship asit traveled through thebloodstream.

corralv/ kESral /L > Sp[has homonym: chorale] round upand drive (livestock) into a pen.With the help of his dog, Jerrymanaged to corral the herd.

corralled

correspondv/ TkOrESspBnd /Lcommunicate with a person byexchange of letters.Mason and his friends correspondfrequently by e-mail.

corridor

corroboratev/ kESrBbETrCt /Lprovide evidence of the truth of :confirm.Without a witness to corroboratehis alibi, Zorba remained the chiefsuspect in the robbery case.

corrugatedadj/ SkOrETgCtDd /Lhaving a ridged or furrowedsurface.The corrugated sand dune lookedlike a work of art.

corruptible

corsage

corsair

cortisone

coruscatev/ SkOrETskCt /Lgleam with intermittent flashes :glitter, sparkle.The flickering light from Trudy’slantern made the cave wallscoruscate.

corybanticadj/ TkOrDSbantik /Gklike or in the spirit of the attendantsor priests of the nature goddessCybele noted for wildly emotionalprocessions and rites; specifically :wild, frenzied.At the rock concert many fansengaged in corybantic dancing.

corymbn/ SkOTrim(b) /Gk > L > Fa flower cluster in which the flowerstalks arise at different levels on themain axis and reach about the sameheight, forming a somewhat flat-topped cluster.Each corymb of Queen Anne’s laceby the porch has a bumblebee on it.

cosmogenesisn/ TkBzmPSjenEsDs /Gka part of the science of astronomythat deals with the origin anddevelopment of the universe.Contrary to his expectations,Lionel’s study of cosmogenesismade him more religious.

cosmopoliten/ kBzSmBpETlIt /Gkone that is at home in everycountry.Although she considered herself acosmopolite, Sharon still couldn’tget used to driving on the left sideof the road.

coterien/ SkPZErG /Fan intimate often exclusive groupof persons having a bindingcommon interest or purpose :clique.Phyllis and her coterie arrivedfashionably late for the galleryopening.

coterminous

cotyledonn/ TkBZFlSGdFn /Gk > Lthe first leaf or one of the first pairor whorl of leaves developed by theembryo in seed plants and in fernsand related plants.Mr. Pittman drew a fern cotyledonon the blackboard.

couchantadj/ SkaUchEnt /Flying down with the head up.The coat of arms depicted acouchant lion.

cough

coulissen/ kVSlGs /Fa side scene of the stage in a theateror the space between the sidescenes.The path depicted in the coulisseled the eyes to the center stage.

couloirn/ kVlSwBr /L > Fa deep gorge.Lance hiked along the stream at thebottom of the couloir.

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counseln/ SkaUn(t)sEl /L > F > E[has homonym: council] advice,direction.Mr. Knightley shared unpleasanttruths with Emma and provedhimself her friend by very faithfulcounsel.

countenancen/ SkaUnt(F)nEn(t)s /L > F > Ethe expressive appearance of one’sface : look, expression.The department store Santa’scountenance set Loretta at ease.

counterfeit

countermand

countervailv/ SkaUntErTvCl /L > F > Eoppose or exert force against :counteract.Miles built a low wall around hissloping garden to countervailerosion.

countian

coupn/ SkV /Fa sudden decisive exercise oflocalized or concentrated forceunseating the personnel of agovernment.The dictator was ousted by amilitary coup.

coupon

couriern/ SkUrGE(r) /L > It > F[has homonym: currier] one whocarries messages, news, orinformation either with urgent hasteor in accordance with a regularschedule.Jaime worked as a courier afterschool to earn money for a newcar.

courlan

courteously

cousin

couturen/ kVStU(E)r /L > Fthe business of designing, making,and selling fashionable expensivecustom-made women’s clothing.At the Paris fashion shows Carolyntalked to several young designerswho were just starting out incouture.

covenantn/ SkEvEnEnt /L > F > Ean agreement that is usually formal,solemn, and intended as binding.The book of Genesis describesNoah’s covenant with God thatsaved his family from the GreatFlood.

coveyn/ SkEvG /L > F > Ea small flock or number of birds ofthe same kind—used typically ofpartridges and certain related birds.The hunter aimed at the covey ofquail flying over the pasture.

coyoten/ kISPZ(T)G /Nahuatl > Spa small wolf native to the westernpart of North America and wellestablished northward in Alaskaand eastward at least as far as NewYork state.The lone male coyote kept to theedges of the pack for many daysbefore being accepted into thegroup.

cozenedv/ SkEzFnd /L > Itobtained by artful wheedling ortricky dishonesty.The crooked lawyer cozened thelife’s savings of several of hisclients.

craniectomy

craquelure

crassamentum

credential

credenzan/ krDSdenzE /L > Ita sideboard, buffet, or bookcasewithout legs whose base rests flaton the floor.Robin’s CDs are on the secondshelf of the credenza.

credulityn/ crDSd(y)VlEZG /Lbelief or readiness of beliefespecially on slight or uncertainevidence.Marco’s personality was a strangemixture of shrewdness andcredulity.

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creekologyn/ krGSkBlEjG /ON > E + Gkany method of searching for oilbased on a limited knowledge ofgeology and practiced especially bywildcat prospectors.Doug, who was known for his nosefor oil, attributed his success tocreekology.

creel

crenateadj/ SkrGTnCt /Lhaving the margin cut into roundedscallops.The crenate leaves on Freda’sspecimen gave her a clue as to itsclassification.

creophagyn/ krGSBfEjG /Gkthe use of flesh as food.After visiting a slaughterhouse,Stephanie was repulsed bycreophagy and became avegetarian.

crepitantadj/ SkrepEZEnt /Lhaving or making a crackling sound: crackling.The boys rolled and tumbled in thepile of crepitant leaves.

crepuscularadj/ krDSpEsk(y)ElE(r) /L + Ecfactive in the twilight.Darnel blurted out “firefly” whenthe teacher asked for an example ofa crepuscular insect.

crescendon/ krDSshen(T)dP /L > Itthe peak of a gradual increase (as inphysical or emotional force orintensity).As soon as his boat sailed out of theharbor, Angus realized that thewind was nearing a crescendo.

crescentn/ SkresFnt /L > F > Ethe shape or figure defined by aconvex and a concave edge.The moon’s silvery crescentdisappeared as the eclipse reachedtotality.

cresciveadj/ Skresiv /Lincreasing, growing.The crescive vines traveled up thetrellis.

crescographn/ SkreskETgraf /L + Ecf + Gkan instrument for makingperceptible the growth of plants.The crescograph can magnify smallplant movements as much as tenmillion times.

cretonne

crewelwork

cribbagen/ Skribij /Ea card game for two and sometimesthree or four players each of whomis dealt six cards one or two ofwhich are discarded before play toform an extra hand for the dealer.Kathy and her cousins areferociously competitive when theyplay cribbage.

cribraladj/ SkribrEl /Lof or relating to a sieve : perforated.The mouths of certain whalescontain a cribral structure forcollecting food.

cricetidn/ krDSsGZDd /Slav > Lany of a family of small rodentsincluding lemmings, voles, andhamsters.The hamster is an example of acricetid that is kept as a pet.

crimsonn/ SkrimzEn /Ar > Sp > Eany of several deep or vivid reds orpurplish reds of rather indefiniterange.The sun was dropping slowly fromsight, and stripes of purple andorange and crimson and goldreached upward from the distanthills.

crinolinen/ SkrinFlDn /L > It > Fa full stiff skirt or underskirt.The crinoline that Andrea wore inthe pageant made her knees itch.

criophore

crochetingv/ krPSshCiN /F + Ecfworking with needleworkconsisting of the interlocking oflooped stitches formed with asingle thread and a hooked needle.Marie sat nearby crocheting andtried to take a friendly interest inthe game.

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cromlechn/ SkrBmTlek /Wa circle of monoliths usuallyenclosing a dolmen or mound.Inspired by their study ofStonehenge, Mr. Akala’s fifth-grade class built a cromlech on theplayground.

cronyismn/ SkrPnGTizEm /Gk + Ecfpartiality to familiar friendsespecially as evidenced in theappointing of political hangers-onto office without due regard fortheir qualifications.When the mayor appointed his bestfriend head of the policedepartment, he was accused ofcronyism.

croquetn/ krPSkC /Fa game in which players drivewooden balls with mallets througha series of wickets set out on a lawnin a particular order.Erica and her friends playedcroquet in the churchyard.

crotchetyadj/ SkrBchEZG /F > Esubject to whims, crankiness, or illtemper.Not getting enough sleep usuallymakes Trudy crotchety in themorning.

croupn/ SkrVp /imita spasmodic laryngitis in infantsand children characterized byepisodes of difficult breathing andhoarse cough.Mrs. Dowling hoped Everett’s sorethroat wouldn’t develop into croup.

croupiern/ SkrVpGTC /Fan employee of a gambling casinowho watches, collects, and paysbets and assists the dealer in chargeof the table.The croupier tossed two more $100chips onto Daphne’s growing pile.

croustaden/ krVSstBd /Prov > Fa crisp shell (as of toasted or friedbread) in which to serve food.Louise didn’t know whether or notshe was supposed to eat thecroustade in which her salad wasserved.

crucial

cruciblen/ SkrVsEbEl /La vessel or melting pot that is usedfor melting and calcining asubstance (as metal and ore) whichrequires a high degree of heat.Clyde began the experiment bydumping the collected samples intoa crucible.

cruciferousadj/ krVSsif(E)rEs /L + Ecffbelonging to or having thecharacteristics of the mustards orrelated plants.Cruciferous vegetables are anexcellent source of beta carotene.

crullern/ SkrElE(r) /Da small sweet cake made of a richegg batter formed into twistedstrips and fried brown in deep fat.Olive couldn’t decide whether toorder a cruller or an éclair withher coffee.

Crusaden/ krVSsCd /Fan expedition undertaken for adeclared religious purpose.The first Crusade to reclaimJerusalem for Christians began in1096.

crustaceann/ TkrESstCshEn /Lan animal belonging to a large classof Arthropoda comprising themajority of the marine orfreshwater arthropods (as lobsters,shrimps, crabs, and barnacles).Our team’s mascot is Crusty theCrustacean, a ten-pound Mainelobster.

cryologyn/ krISBlEjG /Gkthe study of snow and ice.In cryology, students learn howglaciers grow, shrink, advance, andretreat.

cryophilic

cryophorusn/ TkrISBfErEs /Gk > Lan instrument that illustrates thefreezing of water by its ownevaporation.The cryophorus was made of glassin the form of a tube connectingtwo globes partially filled withliquid.

cryptic

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cryptographern/ kripStBgrEfE(r) /Gkone that practices the art ofpreparing or reading messages in aform intended to prevent theirbeing read by those not privy tosecrets of the form.An inveterate cryptographer, Ricoenjoys searching ordinary writingsamples for hidden messages.

cryptonymn/ SkriptETnim /Gka secret name.Each person in our club was givena cryptonym known only to theother members.

crystaladj/ SkristFl /Gkconsisting of or resembling quartzthat is transparent or nearly so andthat is either colorless or onlyslightly tinged.Once inside, they hurried down along hallway, which glittered withcrystal chandeliers.

crystosphenen/ SkristETsfGn /Gka buried sheet of ice under thetundra of North America formed bythe freezing of spring water.The geologist measured thethickness of the crystosphene.

cubicadj/ SkyVbik /Gk > L > Frelating to a crystal form thatconsists of six similar, mutuallyperpendicular faces.Gold crystallizes in a cubicstructure with a density of 19.4grams per cubic centimeter.

cucarachan/ TkVkESrBchE /Mexican songa Mexican ballroom and nightclubdance.Determined to win the stateballroom dance title, Joan andMarlon practiced their cucarachafor weeks.

cuchifriton/ TkVchiSfrGZP /Spa deep-fried cube of pork.When Lane wasn’t looking,Stephanie popped a cuchifrito intothe dog’s mouth.

cuckoon/ SkV(T)kV /E imitative[has homonym: kuku] a familiarEuropean bird that is noted for itscharacteristic two-syllabled whistleand for its habit of laying its eggsin the nests of other birds for themto hatch.The cuckoo in the aviary soundedjust like Grandmother’s clock.

cucurbitn/ kyVSkErbDt /L > F > E(Note: Dictionary designates asattributive.) a many-seeded fleshyfruit plant with a hard rind (such assquashes, pumpkins, and certaingourds).The cucurbit is probably put to awider variety of uses than is anyother fruit family.

cudgeln/ SkEjEl /Ea short heavy stick used as aninstrument for punishment or aweapon.A nightstick is one kind of cudgel.

cuirass

culgeen/ SkElTgG /Per > Hindia jeweled plume worn in India onthe turban.Professor Singh happily loaned hisgrandfather’s culgee to themuseum.

culinaryadj/ SkElETnerG /Lof or relating to the kitchen orcookery.The early colonists used herbs forboth culinary and medicinalpurposes.

culminantadj/ SkElmEnEnt /Lbeing at greatest altitude or on themeridian.The Sun casts the shortest shadowswhen it is culminant.

culotte

culpableadj/ SkElpEbEl /Lmeriting condemnation or censureespecially as criminal or asconducive to accident, loss, ordisaster.The property owner was guilty ofculpable negligence in the accidentinvolving an uncovered manhole.

culpritn/ SkElprDt /L > AFone who is guilty of a crime orother wrongdoing.The detectives devised a plan tocapture the culprit.

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cultivationn/ TkEltESvCshEn /Lthe art or process of farming.Frigid weather conditions andbarren soil make cultivation oftundra almost impossible.

culturatin pl/ TkElchESrBZ(T)G /Gk + Lcfpeople intensely interested in theartistic and intellectual aspects orcontent of human activity.The scheduled performance by“The Three Tenors” generatedexcitement among the city’sculturati.

cumbersomeadj/ SkEmbE(r)sEm /F > E + Ecfof an excessive size, shape, orlength : unwieldy.Emrick dragged his cumbersomeduffel bag by its strap.

cumbrousadj/ SkEmbrEs /Egiving trouble : vexatious.A swarm of cumbrous gnatsfollowed the hikers all day long.

cummerbundn/ SkEmE(r)TbEnd /Per > Hindia waistband worn in place of a vestwith men’s dress clothes.The bride wanted the groom’scummerbund to match the pale pinkof her flowers.

cumulative

cuneiformadj/ kyVSnGDTfOrm /L + Lwritten in characters composed ofstrokes having the form of a wedgeor arrowhead.The cuneiform Code of Hammurabiis the most complete record ofancient Babylonian law inexistence.

cupboard

cupressineousadj/ Tk(y)VprESsinGEs /Gk > L + Ecfrelating to or resembling thecypress.The wood of cupressineous trees isusually light, moderately hard, andvery durable.

curatorn/ kyESrCZE(r) /Lone in charge of the exhibits,research activities, and personnel ofa museum, zoo, or other place ofexhibit.Eric interviewed the curator ofmarine mammals at the aquarium.

curiousnessn/ SkyUrGEsnDs /L > F > E + Ecfthe quality of being inquisitive.Dickon’s round eyes were full ofeager curiousness but he said not aword.

curlew

curliewurly

curmudgeonn/ (T)kErSmEjEn /unknowna crusty, ill-tempered, or difficultand often elderly person.Fiona’s dad called her grandfathera “cantankerous old curmudgeon.”

currentadj/ SkErEnt /L[has homonyms: courant, currant]presently elapsing.In the current fiscal yearCornucopia College enjoys a slightbudget surplus.

curriculumn/ kESrikyElEm /Lthe whole body of courses offeredby an educational institution or oneof its branches.The school is planning to add Latinto its curriculum next year.

cursory

curtainn/ SkErtFn /L > F > Ethe screen separating the stage fromthe auditorium of a theater.The law states that the theatercurtain must be made of fireproofmaterial.

curtilagen/ SkErZFlij /F > Ea yard, courtyard, or other piece ofground included within a fencesurrounding a dwelling house.The police searched the house andthe curtilage for any clues relatingto the robbery.

curvaturen/ SkErvETchU(E)r /Lthe act or state of deviating from astraight line or course typicallywith a rounded gradual effect.The curvature of the brick pathgave the garden a pleasinginformality.

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custardn/ SkEstE(r)d /L > Prov > Ea sweetened mixture of milk andeggs that is baked, boiled, orfrozen.Lemon custard is Harold’s favoritedessert.

custodyn/ SkEstEdG /L > Echarge or control (as of a suspect)exercised by a person or anauthority.The suspect was kept in policecustody until she provided anincontrovertible alibi.

cutaneousadj/ kyVStCnGEs /Lof or relating to the skin.Cutaneous sensation includesfeeling cold, heat, contact, andpain.

cuticlen/ SkyVZDkEl /Lan external membranous orhardened noncellular investmentsecreted by the outer surface of thebody (as in arthropods).Because expansion cannot occur inthe chitinous cuticle, the growinginsect must periodically shed itscovering.

cyanosisn/ TsIESnPsDs /Gka bluish or purplish discoloration(as of skin) due to deficientoxygenation of the blood.Cyanosis may result frompneumonia, asphyxiation, heartfailure, or heart anomalies.

cyberneticsn pl/ TsIbE(r)SneZiks /Gkthe comparative study of theautomatic control system formedby the nervous system and brainand by mechanical-electricalcommunication systems anddevices (as computers orthermostats).Bertha’s new robotics softwarepromised to revolutionizecybernetics.

cyclicaladj/ SsIklDkEl /Gkof, relating to, or belonging to aregularly recurring succession ofevents or phenomena.Mr. Ramirez explained the cyclicalphases of the Moon to the scienceclass today.

cyclogenesisn/ TsI(T)klPSjenEsDs /Gkthe process of development orintensification of a rotating stormsystem.Satellites have greatly improved themonitoring of cyclogenesis.

cyclonicadj/ sISklBnik /Gkof, relating to, or having thecharacteristics of a rotating storm.Cyclonic disturbances known ashurricanes usually occur during thesummer and fall.

cycloserine

cygnetn/ SsignDt /Gk > L > F > Ea young swan.Six-year-old Abby, openlycontemptuous of the fairy tale,patiently explained to her motherthat there’s no way an uglyduckling can turn into a swan—only a cygnet can.

cylinder

cymbals

cynegeticsn pl/ TsinDSjeZiks /Gkthe art of hunting.Mrs. White began her talk aboutcynegetics with a recording ofmelodies played on hunting horns.

cynologyn/ sDSnBlEjG /Gk[has homonym: sinology]scientific study of the dogespecially in respect to its naturalhistory.Having a coyote as a childhood petgave Rick an early interest incynology.

cynophilistn/ sDSnBfElDst /Gk[Note: Could be confused withform of sinophil/sinophile.] a dogfancier : one that is favorablydisposed toward dogs.Although Leon considered himselfa cynophilist, he did not trust thepit bull terrier.

cynosuren/ SsInETshU(E)r /Gka center of attraction or interest.The student union, with its billiardtables, bowling alley, and snackbar, is a cynosure for freshmenduring orientation week.

Cythereanadj/ TsithESrGEn /Gk > L + Ecfof or relating to the goddess Venusor to the planet Venus.The Cytherean atmosphere has ahigh concentration of sulfuric acid.

cytocidal

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cytologyn/ sIStBlEjG /Gk + Gk[has homonym: sitology] thebranch of biology concerned withthe study of cells as vital units withreference to their structure,function, multiplication, pathology,and life history.For differentiating between benignand malignant lesions, cytologyoffers a more precise method ofdiagnosis than does the use of Xrays.

dachshundn/ SdBksThUnt /G + Ga small dog of a breed of Germanorigin having long drooping ears,commonly a short sleek coat, andthe legs short in comparison withthe body length.Chloe has a brown dachshundnamed “Oscar.”dacquoisen/ dAkwAAz /Fa dessert made of baked layers ofnut meringue with a filling usuallyof buttercream.The hotel dessert buffet included achocolate-pecan dacquoise.

dactylogramn/ dakStilETgram /Gk + Gkan impression taken from afinger : fingerprint.Calvin used a magnifying glass toexamine the loops and whorls in adactylogram of his index finger.

dactylology

dactyloscopyn/ TdaktESlBskEpG /Gkidentification by comparison offingerprints.Dactyloscopy indicated that thesuspect’s fingerprints are indeed onthe murder weapon.

daedaladj/ SdGdFl /Gkingeniously formed or working :like a maze : intricate.The children’s quiz show led itscontestants through a daedaljourney of stunts and questions.

daffodil

daffodilsn pl/ SdafETdilz /D + L > F > Dplants having flowers that have alarge corona elongated into atrumpet.These flowers blooming in the snoware daffodils and snowdrops.

daguerreotype

dahlian/ SdalyE /Sw name > La plant of a genus of tuberous-rooted herbs having rayed flowerheads.The brightly colored flowers of thedahlia can be six inches indiameter.

daiquiri

daisn/ SdCDs /L > F > Ea platform raised usually above thefloor of a hall or large room to givedistinction or prominence to thoseoccupying it.A round dais was exactly in thecenter of the room.

Daliesqueadj/ TdBlGSesk /Sp nameresembling or suggesting thepaintings of the Spanish surrealistartist Dali.The poster showed a Daliesqueface with feathers poking out ofeach nostril.

dalliance

dallied

damask

Damocleanadj/ TdamESklGEn /Gk name + Ecfinvolving imminent danger.Retrieving the car keys from thepiranha tank was a Damocleantask indeed.

dandelion

dangerous

dangle

danseusen/ dBMSsE(r)z /Fa female ballet dancer.Denise was advised that being adanseuse was as exhausting as itwas rewarding.

Dantesqueadj/ TdBnStesk /It nameof, relating to, or resembling theItalian writer Dante or his writings.The Dantesque image of a soul intorture repulsed Regina.

dashiki

dashingadj/ SdashiN /E imit + Ecfvigorously active : spirited.The dashing actor was the talk ofthe party.

dastardly

dasymeter

dauntless

dawdle

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dawdlern/ SdOd(F)lE(r) /unknown + Ecfone who wastes time in idlelingering.Lauren was such a dawdler thatshe often missed the school bus.

dazzlingv/ Sdaz(E)liN /ON > E + Ecfoverpowering with brightness :shining.Morgan took great satisfaction indazzling his neighbors with hisChristmas light display.

deacon

deactivate

deaerate

dearthn/ SdErth /Escarcity : lack of a presentnecessity.The general realized that his armywas suffering from a dearth of self-confidence.

debaclen/ dDSbBkEl /L > OProv > Fa sudden breakdown : collapse.Craig reads everything he can findregarding the Wall Street debacleof 1929.

debarrass

debenturen/ dDSbenchE(r) /La writing or certificate signed by apublic officer as evidence of a debtor of a right to demand or receive asum of money.Uncle John treasures the debentureissued by the Confederategovernment, even though it isactually worthless.

debility

debonairness

debouchmentn/ dDSbVshmEnt /Fa mouth or outlet especially of ariver.The river’s debouchment had to bedredged because the sediment wasa hazard to navigation.

debridementn/ dDSbrGdTmBM /Fthe surgical removal of lacerated,devitalized, or contaminated tissue.The doctor explained to thefirefighter why debridement wasthe best treatment for his second-degree burns.

debrisn/ dESbrG /Fthe remains of something brokendown or destroyed.Scattered debris lies wheremajestic homes stood before lastweek’s tornado.

debut

decadent

decaffeinate

decanter

decedentn/ dDSsGdFnt /La dead person; especially : a personwho has recently died.The relatives of the decedentgathered for the reading of the will.

deceitfuladj/ dDSsGtfEl /E + Ecfdishonest.The Better Business Bureau warnedJasper of the awning company’sdeceitful business practices.

deceivev/ dDSsGv /L > F > Ecause to believe the false : delude.Cara’s forgery of her mother’ssignature did not deceive theprincipal.

deceleratev/ dGSselETrCt /Llessen the speed of : slow down.Reversing engine thrust is used todecelerate jets upon landing.

deceleron

decennial

decentralization

decibeln/ SdesETbel /L + Scottish-American namea unit for measuring the relativeloudness of sounds equalapproximately to the smallestdegree of difference of loudnessordinarily detectable by the humanear.Differences of one decibel can beimportant to a recording engineer.

deciduousadj/ dDSsijEwEs /Lfalling off or shed at the end of thegrowing period, at certain seasons,or at certain stages of development.Deciduous trees drop their leaveseach fall.

decimal

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decimatev/ SdesETmCt /Lselect by lot and kill every tenthperson of.The terrorist promised to decimatethe group of hostages every halfhour until his demands were met.

decipheredv/ dDSsIfE(r)d /L + Ar > L > F > Emade out, read, or interpreteddespite obscuration.When one considers the variety ofhandwriting, and of badhandwriting, too, that must bedeciphered, it increases the wonderthat so seldom a letter is deliveredto the wrong person.

decisteren/ SdesDTsti(E)r /Fa metric unit of capacity equal to1/10 cubic meter.Caleb bought a decistere of limefor his front lawn.

declamatoryadj/ dDSklamETtPrG /Lmarked by rhetorical effect ordisplay : stilted.Minna’s declamatory sermonalienated many of her listeners.

declension

decline

declivateadj/ dDSklITvCt /Linclining downward : sloping.Mary Ann slid down the declivateroof of the playhouse.

declivous

decomposev/ TdGkEmSpPz /L > Fseparate or resolve into constituentparts or elements or into simplercompounds.Mr. Landry asked the studentswhether they knew any compoundsother than methanol whichdecompose into carbon dioxide andwater.

decorousadj/ SdekErEs /Lmarked by propriety and goodtaste.Lucia was surprised to find that thedisc jockey was as decorous off theair as he was volcanic while on theair.

decorticatev/ dGSkO(r)ZETkCt /Lremove the bark, husk, or otherouter covering from.Sharp front teeth allow squirrels todecorticate hickory nuts.

decoupagen/ TdCkVSpBzh /Fthe art of decorating surfaces byapplying cutouts and then coatingthem with several layers of a finishsuch as lacquer or varnish.Aunt Hazel’s interest in arts andcrafts was kindled by a free class indecoupage.

decreolization

decrescendo

decumanadj/ SdekyEmEn /L(of a wave) : extremely large.That decuman wave that took theship fore and aft swept the life raftoff the deck.

decumbiture

decussateadj/ SdekEsDt /Lshaped like an X.Each wing of the moth had adecussate marking.

deducibility

defamatory

defeasibleadj/ dDSfGzEbEl /F + Ecfcapable of being or liable to beingvoided, annulled, or undone.When a family adopts a baby,several requirements have to bemet; otherwise the adoption isdefeasible.

defendantn/ dDSfendEnt /L > Fa person required to make answerin an action or suit in law or equityor in a criminal action.When the foreman of the jury readthe verdict of “not guilty,” thedefendant embraced his attorneys.

deferential

defervescencen/ TdG(T)fErSvesFn(t)s /Lthe subsidence of a fever.Antonio’s mother was relieved tonote the signs of defervescence inher son.

deficiencyn/ dDSfishEnsG /Lthe quality or state of lacking somequality, faculty, or characteristicnecessary for completeness.Scurvy is caused by a deficiency ofvitamin C in the diet.

defilade

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definiteadj/ Sdef(E)nDt /Lfree of all ambiguity, uncertainty,or obscurity.Dad sounded quite definite when hetold us to turn off the TV.

degauss

deglutition

dehisce

dehiscencen/ dDShisFn(t)s /L + Ecfthe bursting open of a capsule orpod at maturity.In dry weather, dehiscence of someseed pods occurs prematurely.

deify

deign

deipnosophistn/ dIpSnBsEfDst /Gka person skilled in table talk.Clint’s reputation as adeipnosophist makes him an idealdinner guest.

delectableadj/ dDSlektEbEl /Ldeliciously flavored.JoAnne selected Black Forest cakefrom the delectable dessertofferings.

delegate

deleteriousadj/ TdelDStirGEs /Gkhurtful, destructive.The museum did not permit flashphotography because of thepossible deleterious effects on thepaintings.

deleteriouslyadv/ TdelDStirGEslG /Gk + Ecfin a hurtful or destructive manner.It seems that every day we arereminded that smoking affects thebody deleteriously.

delicacyn/ SdelDkEsG /Lsomething pleasing to eat that isaccounted rare or luxurious.Caviar is considered a delicacy.

delicatessenn/ TdelDkEStesFn /F > Ga store where ready-to-eat foodproducts (as cooked meats andprepared salads) are sold.Marta stopped at the delicatessento buy some cold cuts for our lunch.

deliciousadj/ dDSlishEs /Lappealing to one of the bodilysenses, especially that of taste.Judith said the fudge was the mostdelicious she had ever tasted.

delineate

delinquency

delinquentn/ dDSliNkwEnt /La transgressor against duty or law.The police referred to Harold as a“delinquent” when he was foundon the street after curfew.

deliquescev/ TdelESkwes /Lbecome soft or liquid with age.After a couple of weeks in therefrigerator, lettuce begins todeliquesce.

deliquescent

deliriousadj/ dDSlirGEs /Laffected with frenzied excitementor wild enthusiasm.The delirious fans rushed onto thefield to congratulate thechampions.

delitescentadj/ TdelEStesEnt /Llying hidden : obfuscated, latent.The psychiatrist tried to discoverthe delitescent significance of hispatient’s dreams.

delphinium

deltiologyn/ TdeltGSBlEjG /Gkthe hobby of collecting postcards.Jodie got started in deltiology justlast year but already has postcardsfrom over 100 countries.

deltoidal

delude

delugen/ Sdel(T)yVj /L > F > Ea drenching rain : downpour.The children were caught in adeluge as they waited for the schoolbus.

demagogueryn/ SdemETgBg(E)rG /Gk + Ecfthe principles or practices ofrabble-rousers.Economic hardship often gives riseto demagoguery.

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demarcatev/ dDSmBrTkCt /Gmc > It > Spmark by bounds.Sol used fishing line to demarcatehis half of the room from hisbrother’s.

demaree

demeanorn/ dDSmGnE(r) /L > F > Ebehavior toward others : outwardmanner.The vice-president’s icily seriousdemeanor was fodder for the late-night talk shows.

demegoric

dementia

demersal

demesnen/ dDSmCn /F[has near homonym: domain] legalpossession of land as one’s own.The earl vowed to defend hisdemesne at any cost.

demiglace

demijohnn/ SdemGTjBn /F + F name > Ea narrow-necked bottle of glass orstoneware that is enclosed inwickerwork and has one or twowicker handles.Water glugged from the demijohnas Emily emptied it on the lawn.

demise

demitassen/ SdemGTtas /L > F > E + Per > Ar > Fa small cup of coffee usually takenblack.Nathan sipped nervously at ademitasse while he waited for hisattorney.

demobilize

democracyn/ dDSmBkrEsG /Gk > La government by the people : ruleof the majority.Cara could not imagine what herlife would be like if it weregoverned not by a democracy butinstead by the whims of a fewpeople.

demographyn/ dDSmBgrEfG /Gkthe statistical study of thecharacteristics of humanpopulations especially withreference to size and density,growth, distribution, migration, andvital statistics.Beth’s interest in demography ledher to a career in advertising.

demolition

demoniacal

demulcentadj/ dDSmElsEnt /Lsoothing, softening.The pharmacist told Boris that ademulcent syrup would be best forhis sore throat.

demurrage

demursn pl/ dDSmErz /Ldifficulties in making up one’smind : indecisions.Harriet’s message wasunequivocal, containing no doubtsor demurs.

denguen/ SdeN(T)gG /African? > Sp[has homonym: dinghy] an acuteinfectious disease characterized bysudden onset, headache, rackingjoint pain, and a rash and caused bya virus transmitted by mosquitoes.The African village wasquarantined after an outbreak ofdengue.

denizenn/ SdenEzEn /L > F > Ea dweller in a certain place orregion.Melvin asked a local denizen fordirections.

denominator

denouementn/ TdCnVSmBM /L > Fthe final outcome, result, orunraveling of the main dramaticcomplication in a play or otherwork of literature.The loose ends of the plot wereneatly tied up in the surprisingdenouement.

dentifricen/ SdentEfrDs /La powder, paste, or liquid used incleaning the teeth.John decided to use a dentifricecontaining baking soda.

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denunciationn/ dDTnEnsGSCshEn /Lthe act of pronouncing (as a person,idea, course of conduct, or politicalphilosophy) as blameworthy orevil.The senator’s speech was adenunciation of many federalprograms.

depilatoryn/ dDSpilETtPrG /L > Fa cosmetic for the temporaryremoval of undesired hair.Hank mixed a depilatory into hissister's shampoo.

deprecatedv/ SdeprDTkCZDd /Lsought to avert.When a very thick letter from Mr.Churchill was brought to Emma,she guessed what it must containand deprecated the necessity ofreading it.

deprecatory

depredatoryadj/ SdeprEdETtPrG /Ltending to lay waste or prey upon :plundering.Following the earthquake,depredatory gangs looted manystores.

depuratev/ SdepyETrCt /Lfree from impurities orheterogeneous matter : purify,cleanse.The hiking book advised usingiodine tablets and a filter todepurate groundwater beforedrinking it.

deracinatedadj/ dDSrasFnTCtEd /L > F + Ecfphysically, mentally, oremotionally separated from one’sracial, social, or intellectual group.Erica’s father worries that shemight become deracinated at sucha large university.

derailleurn/ dDSrClE(r) /F[has homonym: derailer] amechanism for shifting gears on abicycle that operates by moving thechain from one set of exposed gearsto another.Laurent’s derailleur jammed a fewminutes into the race, and he wasforced to the side of the road.

derangedadj/ dDSrCnjd /Fdisordered, unbalanced.Jane’s health seemed completelyderanged, though she had noabsolutely alarming symptoms.

dereism

derelictn/ SderETlikt /La thing voluntarily abandoned byits owner with the intention of notretaking it and rightly claimed bythe first person who takespossession of it; specifically : aboat abandoned on the high seas.Tom sank his yacht when hisrescuers arrived lest it become aderelict.

derelictionn/ TderESlikshEn /Lintentional or conscious neglect (asof principles).The security guard was summarilyfired for dereliction of duty.

dermatitisn/ TdErmEStIZDs /Gk > Linflammation of the skin typicallymarked by reddening, swelling, andscaling.Bonnie treated her dermatitis withaloe juice.

dermonecroticadj/ TdEr(T)mPTnDSkrBZik /Gkrelating to or causing the death ofskin tissue.The powerful medication had adermonecrotic effect on UncleArthur’s legs.

derogatorily

derogatoryadj/ dDSrBgETtOrG /Lexpressive of low estimation orreproach : disdainful.Janet did not appreciate thederogatory remarks her brothermade about her dress.

derrickn/ Sderik /E namethe framework or tower over a deepdrill hole (as that of an oil well) forsupporting the tackle for boring orfor hoisting and lowering.The rocket was supported on thelaunch pad by a tower that was aconverted oil derrick.

descendible

descentv/ dGSsent /L + Erid of odor or smell.After their dog was sprayed by askunk, the Andersons triedeverything to descent him, butnothing worked.

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descriedv/ dDSskrId /F > Ecaught sight of especially bywatchful attention and carefulobservation of the distant,uncertain, or obscure.When the dog descried his masterwalking up the lane, he hurried outto greet him.

desecrate

desiccatev/ SdesDTkCt /L[has near homonym: desecrate] dryup or cause to dry up : deprive orexhaust of moisture.The hot sunshine and the dry windcombined to desiccate Martha’stomato plants.

design

desirable

desmann/ SdezmEn /Swan aquatic insectivorous mammalof Russia that resembles a mole.At one end the desman has a long,flared snout and at the other end along, flattened tail.

desolateadj/ SdesElDt /Lcharactized by abandonment,isolation, or barrenness.The irrigation project revived theonce desolate farming community.

despairn/ dDSspa(a)(E)r /Lutter loss of hope.Despair overcame Gerald as hestared at his French exam.

desperadon/ TdespESrB(T)dP /L > Spa bandit of the western frontier.Louis pretended to be a desperadoholding up a stagecoach.

desperate

despicableadj/ dDSspikEbEl /Lmeriting hatred, scorn, or loathing.Sylvester’s stress level would begreatly reduced if he found fewersituations despicable.

despotismn/ SdespETtizEm /Gk > Fabsolute government in whichpower is vested in a single ruler.Those who believe in the progressof humanity have a hard timeexplaining 20th-century despotism.

desquamatev/ SdeskwETmCt /Lpeel off in the form of scales.Ed came down with scarlet feverand was horrified when his skinbegan to desquamate.

destriern/ SdestrGEr /L > F > Ea large powerful horse used as awar-horse by a medieval knight.The knight rapidly saddled hisdestrier and galloped off to battlethe invaders.

desuetuden/ SdeswGTtVd /Ldiscontinuance from use, practice,exercise, or functioning : a state ofprotracted suspension or ofapparent abandonment.In some schools the practice ofmemorizing great poems has falleninto desuetude.

desultorilyadv/ TdesElStPrElG /Lin an erratic, wavering manner.Orna behaved desultorily at thedress rehearsal.

desultoryadj/ SdesElTtPrG /Lnot cogently relevant : digressive.Nancy’s comments in class areusually rather desultory, but todayher remarks were very relevant.

detectiven/ dDStektiv /La plainclothes police officer.The detective asked the bystandersif any of them had actually seen theshooter.

deterge

detergent

deterrencen/ dDStErEn(t)s /L + Ecfthe act or process of turning aside,discouraging, or preventing fromacting especially by fear.The police hoped that Ted’s severejail sentence would promote thedeterrence of criminal acts by theother gang members.

deterrentn/ dDStErEnt /Lsomething that discourages orprevents from acting by fear orconsideration of unpleasantattendant consequences.The police hoped that Ted’s severejail sentence would serve as adeterrent to criminal activity by theother gang members.

detinue

detonator

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detour

detriment

detritusn/ dDStrIZEs /La product of disintegration orwearing away : fragment orfragmentary material.The aerial photo of Don’s ranchshows a fan of detritus at the mouthof the gulch.

detrude

deucen/ Sd(y)Vs /L > F[has near homonyms: do’s, dues] atie in tennis in points toward agame or in games requiring scoringof two consecutive points by oneside to win the game or set.The first point won in tennis afterdeuce is called “advantage in” ifwon by the server, “advantage out”if won by the receiver.

deuteragonistn/ Td(y)VZESragEnDst /Gk + Gka person who serves as a foil toanother.The movie’s hero was thwarted bythe villainous deuteragonist.

deuteranopian/ Td(y)VZErESnPpGE /Gkred-green blindness believed due toa defect in the optic nerve.Joel’s deuteranopia disqualifiedhim from the Air Force’s pilotschool.

devolution

dewclaw

dextrally

dhurrien/ SdErG /Hindia thick cotton cloth or carpet madein India.The dhurrie in Morgan’s foyer isone she purchased during her tripto Delhi.

diabetesn/ TdIESbGZGz /Gkany of certain abnormal conditionscharacterized by the secretion andexcretion of excessive amounts ofurine.Drugs and diet changes can controldiabetes in most patients.

diablerien/ dGSBblE(T)rG /L > Fdealings with the devil or devils :witchcraft, sorcery.Each Halloween, stories ofdiablerie resurface in the media.

diacetate

diademn/ SdIETdem /Gk > L > F > Ecrown; specifically : an ornamentalheadband worn (as by Easternmonarchs) as a badge of royalty.A brocade diadem would be aperfect finishing touch for Josh’sKing David costume.

diagnosev/ SdIDgTnPs /Gk > Lidentify a condition by evaluatingits signs and symptoms.Dr. Morris was reluctant todiagnose Tina’s condition until hehad the test results.

diagonaladj/ dISagEnFl /Gk > Lrunning across from corner tocorner.Chris preferred the tile floor withthe diagonal pattern.

diagram

dialysisn/ dISalEsDs /Gkthe separation of substances insolution by means of their unequaldiffusion through semipermeablemembranes.Blood was removed from thepatient, purified by dialysis, andthen returned to the patient’sbloodstream.

diapasonn/ TdIESpCzFn /Gk > La burst of harmonious sound :melody, strain.The trumpeters filled the courtyardwith thrilling diapason.

diapered

diaphanousadj/ dISafEnEs /GK > Lcharacterized by such fineness anddelicacy of texture as to permitseeing through.The jellyfish were so diaphanousthat you could be next to them inthe water and never know theywere there.

diaphragm

diary

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diasporan/ dISasp(E)rE /Gka dispersion (as of people of acommon national origin or ofcommon beliefs).The guest lecturer at the ModernLanguage Association meetingjokingly referred to the diaspora ofEsperanto speakers.

diaspore

diatriben/ SdIETtrIb /Gka bitter, abusive, and usuallylengthy speech or piece of writing.After supper, Deirdre launched intoher familiar diatribe againstcommercial television.

diazotype

dicerousadj/ SdisErEs /Gkhaving two antennae.Because most insects have a pair ofantennae, they are dicerous.

dichotomyn/ dISkBZEmG /Gkthe phase of the Moon or aninferior planet in which just half itsdisk appears illuminated.The Moon had just reacheddichotomy when Amos beganplanting.

dickcissel

didacticadj/ dISdaktik /Gkfitted or intended to teach.Guy’s innovative and effectivedidactic style inspired his studentsto produce amazing work.

didacticism

didascaly

dietetic

dieteticsn pl/ TdIESteZiks /Gkthe science or art of applying theprinciples of nutrition to thefeeding of individuals or groupsunder different economicconditions or for hygienic ortherapeutic purposes.Pam concentrated on dietetics inher graduate studies with hopes ofjoining a world hungerorganization after receiving herdegree.

different

difficultadj/ SdifE(T)kElt /Lhard to understand : puzzling,obscure.There were so many words thatwere difficult, and Milo knewhardly any of them.

diffidentadj/ SdifEdEnt /Llacking confidence in oneself :distrustful of one’s own powers.Emma was always quick andassured; her sister was slow anddiffident.

digitalisn/ TdijEStalDs /Lthe dried leaf of the purplefoxglove containing substances thatare used to prepare a drug that is aheart stimulant.Digitalis has proved to be the mosteffective treatment for Ginger’sheart disorder.

dilapidatedadj/ dDSlapETdCZEd /Ldecayed, deteriorated, injured, orfallen into partial ruin.Only birds and bats resided in thedilapidated old house.

dilatoryadj/ SdilETtPrG /Lcharacterized by procrastination ordelay : slow.Mr. Knightley always moved withthe alertness of a mind which couldbe neither undecided nor dilatory.

dilemma

diligence

diligently

dillydallyv/ SdilGTdalG /Gmc > F > Ewaste time by loitering or delay.“There’s lots to do; we have a verybusy schedule—from 6:00 to 7:00we dillydally,” he exclaimed.

diluentn/ SdilyEwEnt /Lan inert substance added to amixture especially for reducing theconcentration of active ingredients.Water added to the insecticide actsas a diluent and a carrier.

dilutev/ dISlVt /Lmake less concentrated : diminishthe strength, activity, or flavor of.Because of the heat produced,caution is needed when using waterto dilute concentrated sulfuric acid.

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dimensionn/ dDSmenchEn /La measurable aspect such as lengthor width.Height is one dimension of a cube.

diminuendo

diminutiveadj/ dDSminyEZiv /Lsmall especially in size : tiny.Kerry was first to notice thediminutive hummingbird at thehoneysuckle bush.

dimissoryadj/ SdimETsPrG /Ldismissing or granting leave todepart.Upon hearing the principal’sdimissory words, the studentsbolted out of the auditorium.

dinosauricadj/ TdInESsO(E)rik /Gk + Gk + Ecfhuge.Angela was astounded by thedinosauric size of the statue ofAbraham Lincoln at the LincolnMemorial.

diocesen/ SdIEsDs /Gk > L > Fthe district in which a bishop haschurchly authority.The local bishop’s diocese coversfive counties.

diphtherian/ difSthirGE /Gkan acute highly contagious bacterialdisease chiefly of young childrenthat is marked by swelling andobstruction of the throat.During the Depression, diphtheriaclaimed the lives of many children.

diphthongn/ SdifTthON /Gka gliding monosyllabic sound thatstarts at or near the articulatoryposition for one vowel and movesto or toward the position foranother.Many people do not pronounce thediphthong in the word realtorcorrectly.

diphyodontadj/ dISfiETdBnt /Gkhaving deciduous and permanentsets of teeth successively.The teeth of most reptiles arenaturally replaced throughout life,but most mammals are diphyodont.

diploma

diplopian/ dDSplPpGE /Gka disorder of vision in which twoimages of a single object are seen,owing to unequal action of the eyemuscles.Shirley noticed that her medicineproduced the side effects ofdizziness and diplopia.

dipnoous

dipodyn/ SdipEdG /Gk > La prosodic unit or measure of twofeet.The teacher commented on thepoet’s use of dipody for dramaticeffect.

diptychn/ Sdip(T)tik /Gka picture or series of picturespainted on two tablets connected byhinges.The church’s altarpiece is aByzantine diptych.

diremption

dirigibility

dirigiblen/ SdirEjEbEl /L + Ecfairship.The explosion of the dirigibleHindenburg is famous for itsdramatic radio coverage.

dirigismen/ dGrGzhGsm(F) /L > Feconomic planning and control bythe state.Dirigisme is a characteristic ofsocialist law.

dirndl

disaffiliate

disappointedadj/ TdisESpOintDd /L > Fdefeated in expectation or hope.Ken’s parents were disappointedthat he earned only a D in math.

discalcedadj/ diSskalst /Lunshod, barefooted.The discalced runner became acelebrity at the Olympics.

discern

discerp

discerptibleadj/ dDSsErptEbEl /L + Ecfcapable of being torn to pieces orpulled apart.Al’s pet dog made short work of hisdiscerptible stuffed animals.

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disciplesn pl/ dDSsIpElz /Lthose who receive instruction fromanother : followers.Katrina was among Mr. Crane’smusical disciples who assembledfor instruction one evening a week.

disclaimantn/ dDSsklCmEnt /L > Fone who makes a denial ordisavowal of legal claim.The disclaimant did not want anypart of his grandfather’s estate.

discoloration

discomfituren/ dDSskEmfETchU(E)r /L > F > Ethe state of being disconcerted orabashed : confusion,embarrassment.The bright lights added to Verne’sdiscomfiture as he stood behind thelectern.

discothequen/ SdiskETtek /Gk > L > Fa nightclub for dancing to recordedmusic.Allen is a disk jockey at a populardiscotheque in Chicago.

discredit

discrepancyn/ dDSskrepEnsG /Ldifference, variation, inconsistency.The accountant found a mysteriousdiscrepancy between the twopayroll records.

discretionn/ dDSskreshEn /Lpower of decision : individualjudgment.The Constitution was framed andadopted to establish a governmentthat should not depend on stateopinion and state discretion.

discursive

disdainn/ dDsSdCn /L > F > Ea feeling of contempt and aversionfor something regarded asunworthy of or beneath one : scorn,contempt.“This,” said Clara with completedisdain, “is my little brother.”disemboguev/ TdisDmSbPg /L > Spdischarge water from an outlet ormouth.Many streams disembogue into theriver along its course.

disentanglev/ TdisDnStaNgEl /L > Ecf + Estraighten out : unravel.Mrs. Luce helped Daviddisentangle the strands of the plotin Hamlet.

disguisev/ dDsSgIz /E, Fchange the customary dress orappearance of.Ben tried to disguise his voice whenhe telephoned Jill.

disingenuousnessn/ TdisDnSjenyEwEsnDs /Lstate of being unworthily or meanlyartful.Disingenuousness and doubledealing seemed to meet Mr.Churchill at every turn.

disintegrationn/ dDsTintESgrCshEn /Lthe act or process of shatteringsuddenly : flying to bits.Mark caused the disintegration ofthe mirror when he slammed thedoor.

disinter

dismaladj/ SdizmEl /L > F > Emarked by gloom, dejection,somberness, or depression ofspirits.The children who forgot theirgloves spent a dismal recesslooking out the window at thesnow.

disobeyv/ TdisPSbC /Frefuse or fail to abide by orders,rules, or laws.A well-trained dog would notdisobey a familiar command.

disparagev/ dDSsparij /F > Espeak slightingly of.Arthur did not want to disparagehis mother’s cooking, so hecomplimented her on her pot roastand secretly fed it to the dog.

disparate

disparityn/ dDSsparEZG /Lmarked difference (as in age, rank,grade, condition, quantity, quality,or kind).The evil of the actual disparitybetween Mr. Woodhouse’s and hisdaughter’s ages was increased byhis constitution and habits.

disponible

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disputatiousadj/ TdispyEStCshEs /Linclined to argue for or againstsomething asserted or maintained.Helen did not enjoy going to familyreunions because of herdisputatious relatives.

disquisitionn/ TdiskwESzishEn /Lan elaborate analytical orexplanatory discussion : discourse.Rhetta’s first book was a lengthydisquisition on the Irish potatofamine.

disseminate

dissentientadj/ dESsench(G)Ent /Lnot concurring : disagreeing.There was not a dissentient voiceon the subject.

dissertation

dissident

dissilient

dissimilituden/ Tdi(s)sDSmilETtVd /Llack of resemblance.Although the plots of Gary’s twostories resemble each other, thereare several points of dissimilitude.

dissipatedv/ SdisETpCZDd /Ldispelled, dissolved.Mr. Knightley walked in soon aftertea and dissipated everymelancholy fancy.

dissonant

dissuadev/ dDSswCd /Ldivert by advice or persuasion :turn from something by reasoning.Penny tried to dissuade her friendfrom making a choice she mightlater regret.

dissymmetryn/ di(s)SsimEtrG /Gk + Gk + Gkthe absence of or the lack ofbalanced proportions.The quilt designer was inspired bydissymmetry in crystal formations.

distillate

dithyrambn/ SdithDTram /Gka statement or piece of writing inan exalted impassioned styleusually in praise of something.Dennis launched into a dithyrambon Moira’s beauty and manifoldvirtues.

ditokousadj/ SdiZEkEs /Gkproducing two eggs or young at atime.Most common songbirds areditokous.

dittologyn/ diStBlEjG /Gka double reading or twofoldinterpretation (as of a biblical text).Millicent’s first lecture of thesemester was a dittology of thestory of Genesis entitled “Serpentor Savior?”diuretic

diurnaladj/ dISErnFl /Lactive chiefly during the daytime.Few cats are naturally diurnal,which can be a problem for light-sleeping owners.

divagatev/ SdIvETgCt /Lmove or extend in differentdirections from a common point.Several ancient caravan routesdivagate from the extinct oasis.

divergent

divestituren/ dISvestETchU(E)r /L + Ecfthe compulsory transfer of title ordisposal of interests (as stock in acorporation) upon governmentorder.The Interstate CommerceCommission ordered the divestitureof the company to be carried out nolater than September 30.

division

divorce

divulgev/ dDSvElj /Ltell or make known.Ken was reluctant to divulge thedetails of the merger.

docentn/ SdPsFnt /La person who guides groupsthrough a museum or art galleryand discusses and comments on theexhibits.Judd’s interest in ancient historywas sparked by a knowledgeabledocent during a field trip to amuseum.

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docilelyadv/ SdBsDl(l)G /Lin an obedient or submissivemanner.Greg’s pet dog docilely follows hisevery command.

docilityn/ dBSsilEZG /Lthe quality or state of being easilytaught, led, or managed.Docility and intelligence areimportant qualities that breederslook for in the horses they buy.

dockhand

doctrinairen/ TdBktrDSna(a)(E)r /L > Fone who attempts to put into effectsome especially political theorywith little or no regard for practicaldifficulties.Benito described his opponent asan ivory-tower doctrinaire.

documentaryn/ TdBkyESmentErG /La presentation (as a film or novel)that has the objective quality,authority, or force ofdocumentation in the representationof a scene, place, condition of lifeor of a social or political problemor cause.The documentary is being producedby environmentalists who protestthe destruction of forests.

dolcissimoadv/ dPlSchGsETmP /L > Itvery sweet or soft—used as adirection in music.The composer and the conductorargued over whether the passageshould be played dolcissimo.

dolefuladj/ SdPlfEl /L > E + Ecfattended with or indicating grief ora morose or despairing attitude.Martha had a doleful look on herface as she gazed out the window atthe rain.

dolioformadj/ SdPlGETfOrm /Lshaped like a barrel.The barrel cactus is a commondolioform plant of the deserts ofNorth and South America.

dolorifugen/ dESlOrETfyVj /L > F > Esomething that banishes ormitigates grief.Martina was so heartbroken whenher dog died that her dad broughthome a new puppy as a dolorifuge.

dolorimetry

dolorousadj/ SdPlErEs /Lexpressive of sorrow or affliction.In a dolorous voice the reporterdescribed the scene of the disaster.

dolphinn/ SdBlfDn /Gk > L > Prov > F > Eany of various small toothedwhales with the snout more or lesselongated into a beak and the neckvertebrae partially fused.The trained dolphin performed itsfeats with great agility and grace.

domain

domesticadj/ dESmestik /Lrelating to the household or thefamily.Selma’s domestic situation changeddrastically after she married a packrat.

domiciliatedv/ TdBmESsilGTCZDd /Lhad established residence : resided.The schoolmaster was domiciliatedin a different village house eachweek.

domineering

dominon/ SdBmETnP /L > Fa flat rectangular block of bone,ivory, wood, or plastic the face ofwhich is divided into two equalparts called “ends” which are blankor bear from one to six dots, usedin a set of 28 to play a game inwhich the ends are matched.As a joke, Grandpa hid a dominobefore asking Billy if he’d like toplay.

donnism

doraphobia

dorcastryn/ SdOrkEsTtrG /Biblical name + Ecfa church auxiliary organized toplan and execute benevolent work.The dorcastry served freeThanksgiving dinners for thehomeless.

dormancyn/ SdO(r)mEnsG /L > F > E + Ecfthe quality or state of beinginactive.Certain Australian frogs undergolong periods of dormancy duringdrought.

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dormitories

dorsicollar

dosage

dosseret

dossiern/ SdOsTyC /Fan accumulation of records, reports,miscellaneous pertinent data, anddocuments bearing on a singlesubject of study or investigation :file.The physician kept a carefuldossier on each of her patients.

Dostoevskianadj/ TdBstESyefskGEn /Russ nameof, relating to, or typical of theRussian novelist Fedor Dostoevskior his writings.The Dostoevskian character’stortured psychic state gripped andtwisted Randy’s mind as he readpage after page.

dotard

douaniern/ dwAnyC /Fa customs officer.At the international airport thedouanier insisted on searching theluggage of everyone proceedingthrough customs.

doubluren/ TdESblU(E)r /L > Fthe lining of a book cover;especially : an ornamental lining.The doublure is an important cluein identifying pirated editions ofearly novels.

douceur

doughinessn/ SdPGnDs /Ethe quality or state of being notthoroughly baked.The doughiness of the cakemortified Mrs. Cavendish.

doughtyadj/ SdaUZG /E[has homonym: dowdy] marked byfearless resolution and by stoutnessin contest or struggle : valiant.Daniel was a soldier’s soldier—rough, tough, and doughty.

dowagern/ SdaUDjE(r) /Fone of the elder women of assuredposition who tend to set the tone ofan assembly, social group, orcommunity.Great Aunt Georgine is thedowager of the Arts Council.

dowitcher

doxologyn/ dBkSsBlEjG /Gka commonly short hymn or formulaexpressing praise to God.One common doxology inProtestant churches is set to a tunecalled “Old Hundred.”doyenn/ SdOiEn /L > F[Note: Could be confused withfeminine doyenne.] the senior malemember of a body or group (as of adiplomatic corps).George Burns was the doyen ofAmerican stand-up comedians.

draconianadj/ drCSkPnGEn /Gk namemarked by extreme severity orcruelty : harsh, rigorous.The pop star’s main residence wason an island where the tax lawswere less draconian than in hernative England.

drainage

drama

dramaturgyn/ SdramETtErjG /Gk > L > F > Ethe technical devices that are usedin writing plays and that tend todistinguish the play from otherliterary forms.Shakespeare was skilled at bothpoetry and dramaturgy.

dreadfuladj/ SdredfEl /Earousing feelings of disapproval ordissatisfaction.“Turn off that dreadful song,”Cynthia’s mom calmly demanded.

drearyadj/ SdrirG /Ebeing without liveliness, cheer, joy,or hope.The dreary accountant decided thatit was time to take an extendedvacation.

dreideln/ SdrCdFl /G > Yiddisha four-sided die that revolves like aspinning top, that is marked oneach side with a different Hebrewletter, and that is used as a toyespecially during the Hanukkahfestival.Evan gave each of his classmates adreidel after presenting his reporton traditions associated withHanukkah.

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drepaniformadj/ drESpanETfOrm /Gk + Ecfhooked or curved like a sickle.As Cliff walked home, thedrepaniform Moon did little to lighthis way.

dressagen/ drESsBzh /Fthe execution by a horse ofmaneuvers involving changes ofgait, pace, and airs in response tobarely perceptible movements of arider’s hands, legs, and weight.While in Austria, Derrick attendedan exhibition of dressage at afamous equestrian school.

drisheenn/ drDSshGn /IrGaela sausage prepared with sheep’sblood, milk, and seasonings.While in County Cork, Mr.O’Donnell ordered drisheen andeggs for breakfast.

drivelv/ SdrivEl /Etalk stupidly and carelessly withoutdue thought, knowledge, orconsideration.Bart’s opinion is highly valued, forhe is not one to drivel.

droguen/ SdrPg /E[has homonym: drog] a sea anchor(as a canvas bag with a hoopedmouth) used to reduce the speed ofa boat and keep her head into thewind.The captain yelled at the crew tolower the drogue while he signaledthe other boat.

dromedaryn/ SdrBmETderG /Gk > L > F > Ea camel of unusual speed, bred andtrained especially for riding, andhaving a single large hump on theback.Camel rides at the zoo featured adromedary.

dromomanian/ TdrBmESmCnGE /Gk > Lan exaggerated desire to wander.Yielding to his dromomania, Jackbought a recreational vehicle andspent the summer touring thecountry.

dronen/ SdrPn /Eone that lives on the labors ofothers.In Sleepy Hollow there were somerustic patrons who considered aschoolmaster a mere drone.

drosophilistn/ drPSsBfElDst /G + L + Ecfone who uses the vinegar fly in thestudy of genetics.The drosophilist has helped toadvance our knowledge of genesand the role they play in heredity.

drudgeryn/ SdrEj(E)rG /Edull, fatiguing, or unrelieved workor expenditure of effort.Machines now take much of thedrudgery out of housework.

druggistn/ SdrEgDst /Fone who sells medicine :pharmacist.Jean asked her druggist torecommend a cough syrup.

drupaceousadj/ drVSpCshEs /Gk > Lof or relating to a one-seededindehiscent fruit having a hardbony endocarp, a usually fleshymesocarp, and a thin exocarp that iseither like a skin or dry and almostleathery.Cherries, plums, and almonds aredrupaceous fruits.

duarchyn/ Sd(y)VTBrkG /Gka government by two rulers havingequal power.Critics accused the governor ofestablishing a duarchy with herhusband.

dubietyn/ d(y)VSbIEZG /Lthe quality or state of beingdoubtful or skeptical : uncertainty.There was dubiety in his voice anda hint of uncertainty in his eye.

duchy

ductile

dudgeonn/ SdEjEn /unknownaggrieved or angered feeling : illhumor.Fuming at the insult, Carl stalkedoff in high dudgeon.

duetn/ d(y)VSet /Itperformance of a musicalcomposition or movement for twosingers or two instrumentalists.Stephan and Christiana’s duetfeatured Bach’s concerto for twoviolins in D Minor.

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dulcamaran/ TdElkESmBrE /La sprawling Old World poisonousplant that is common as a weed inAmerica and has purple flowersand oval coral-red berries and thathas a taste at first sweetish and thenbitter.The dried stems of the dulcamarawere once used in pharmaceuticalpreparations as a sedative.

dulcetadj/ SdElsDt /L > F > Epleasing to the ear.Hiroshi marveled at the dulcettones of the quartet.

dulcitude

dullardn/ SdElE(r)d /Fa stupid person.Barry apologized for rashly callingJames a dullard.

dumbbelln/ SdEmTbel /Ean exercise device that consists ofround weights joined by a bar.With great effort, Tony hoisted thedumbbell above his shoulder.

dune

dungareesn pl/ TdENgESrGs /Hindiheavy cotton work clothes madeusually of heavy, coarse, durable,blue cotton twill.Greg preferred his faded dungareesto any other pants in his wardrobe.

dungeon

dunnagen/ SdEnij /unknown[Note: Could be confused withtonnage, tunnage.] cushioning orpadding used in a shippingcontainer to protect fragile articlesagainst shock and breakage.Mother used popcorn as dunnagein her gift boxes to her family inGermany.

duodenitisn/ Td(y)VETdGSnIZDs /Linflammation of the first part of thesmall intestine.George’s cramps were diagnosedas duodenitis.

duplicitous

duplicityn/ d(y)VSplisEZG /Ldeception by pretending toentertain one set of feelings andacting under the influence ofanother.When the candidate’s duplicity wasexposed, his supporters feltembarrassed and betrayed.

durableadj/ Sd(y)UrEbEl /L > F > Eable to exist for a long time :lasting.Jimmy brought along a pair ofdurable hiking boots for his trekthrough the mountainous terrain.

duressn/ d(y)ESres /L > F > E[has near homonym: dress]stringent compulsion by threat ofdanger, hardship, or retribution.Contracts signed under duress arenot valid.

durezza

duvetn/ d(y)VSvC /ON > Fa warm bedcover : quilt, comforter.Sally stored her duvet in the linencloset and used a light bedspreadduring the summer months.

dvandvan/ SdvBn(T)dvB /Skta class of compound words havingtwo constituents that are equal inrank and related to each other as ifjoined by and.The word secretary-treasurer is anexample of a dvandva.

dwarfn/ SdwO(E)rf /Ean abnormally small person.The adult dwarf was offended whenpeople treated him as a child.

dwindling

dynamitardn/ SdInEmDTtBrd /Gk > Sw + Ecfone that uses explosives foranarchistic or other political acts ofviolence.Police agents seized thedynamitard in an old warehouse.

dynamite

dynasty

dysbarism

dyscalculian/ TdiskalSkyVlGE /Gk + Limpairment of mathematical abilitydue to an organic condition of thebrain.Because she disliked math class somuch, Kathy was convinced thatshe suffered from dyscalculia.

dysentery

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dyskinesian/ TdiskDSnGzh(G)E /Gkimpaired or abnormal motion ofvoluntary or involuntary muscle.Some drugs that are used to treatpsychiatric disorders can havedyskinesia as a side effect.

dyslexian/ dDSsleksGE /Gka disturbance of the ability to read.In Maria’s school, students withdyslexia are given special trainingto improve their reading, spelling,and writing.

dyspepsia

dyspepticadj/ dESspeptik /Gkgloomy or negative.The editor’s dyspeptic views on theelection irritated many readers.

dysphemia

dysphemismn/ SdisfETmizEm /Lsubstitution of a disagreeable,offensive, or disparaging word orexpression for an agreeable orinoffensive one; also, a word orexpression so substituted.Rachel, whose father is an automechanic, cringes every time shehears the dysphemism greasemonkey.

dysphorian/ dDSsfPrGE /Gka generalized state of feelingunwell or unhappy.Edith has had frequent cryingspells and periods of dysphoriasince early childhood.

dysrhythmian/ dDsSriLmGE /Gka condition characterized byvarious psychological andphysiological effects and whichoccurs following long flightthrough several time zones andprobably results from disruption ofhuman body rhythms that occur in24-hour cycles : jet lag.The travel agent gave the tourgroup several tips on how to avoiddysrhythmia.

dystopian/ diSstPpGE /Gkan imaginary place which isdistressingly wretched and whosepeople lead a fearful existence.The science-fiction tale was set in a23rd-century dystopia.

eagle

eaglet

earlobe

earnestn/ SErnDst /E[Note: The definition provided isnot the one most commonlyassociated with this word.]something of value given by abuyer to a seller to bind a bargain.Ms. Giblin gave the sellers $3,000as earnest so that they would notentertain other offers.

eavesdrop

ebony

ebriosity

ebullience

ebullientadj/ DSbUlyEnt /Lcharacterized by enthusiasm orexuberance.Angela tried to be as ebullient aspossible during the cheerleadingtryouts.

ebullition

eburnated

eccentric

ecchymosisn/ TekESmPsDs /Gk > Lthe escape of blood into the tissuesfrom ruptured blood vesselsmarked by a livid black-and-blue orpurple spot or area.A black eye results fromecchymosis.

ecclesiasticn/ DTklGzGSastik /Gka person in holy orders orconsecrated to the service of thechurch.The new bishop was an ecclesiasticof high learning and virtue.

ecclesiasticaladj/ DTklGzGSastDkEl /Gk > Lbelonging to, suggestive of, orsuitable for use in a church buildingor service of worship.Ramona designed and sewed all theecclesiastical garments worn in thechurch’s services.

ecclesiology

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ecesisn/ DSsGsDs /Gkthe successful establishment of aplant or animal in a newenvironment or habitat.Ecesis by an introduced speciesoften threatens native flora orfauna.

echelonn/ SeshETlBn /L > Fone of a series of levels or grades(as of leadership or responsibility)in an organization or field ofactivity.Employees at every echelon of thecompany were encouraged to makesuggestions.

echelonment

echinodermn/ DSkInPTdErm /Gkany of a phylum of radiallysymmetrical marine animals thathave a true body cavity, acalcareous exoskeleton, a blood-vascular system, a nervous system,and a water-vascular system thatprovides tentacles and organs oflocomotion.The starfish is a familiarechinoderm.

echoedv/ Se(T)kPd /Gkresounded with sounds caused byreflections of sound waves.Reanna’s words echoed back to herfrom across the canyon.

echolalian/ TekPSlClGE /Gk + Gkthe often pathological repetition ofwhat is said by other people as ifimitating them.The speech of autistic persons issometimes characterized byecholalia.

echtadj/ SeKt /Ggenuine, authentic.All the lamps were very attractive,but only one was echt Tiffany.

eclecticadj/ eSklektik /Gk + Gkcomposed of elements drawn fromvarious sources.Gaynor’s eclectic taste in musicmakes selecting CDs for her acinch.

eclipsen/ DSklips /L > F > Ethe obscuration of one celestialbody by another.Susan and Stuart flew to Mexico toview a total eclipse of the Sun.

ecloguen/ SeTklOg /Gk > La poem in which shepherds areintroduced conversing.The bucolic view of meadows andhills inspired Shelley to composean eclogue.

ecocatastrophen/ G(T)kPkEStastrE(T)fG /Gka major destructive upset in thebalance of nature especially whencaused by the intervention ofhumans.Sam considers the destruction ofthe rain forests an ecocatastrophe.

ecologistn/ GSkBlEjDst /Gk > Ga specialist in the branch of scienceconcerned with theinterrelationship of organisms andtheir environment.Kimberly will work as a summerintern for an ecologist in theEverglades.

economistn/ GSkBnEmDst /Gka specialist in or student of thesocial science that studies theproduction, distribution, andconsumption of commodities.Adam Smith was the mostinfluential economist of the 18thcentury.

ecrun/ CSkrV /L > F[has near homonym: accrue] of atextile : a light grayish yellowishbrown that is yellower and lighterthan gravel.The bridal gown is available inboth ecru and white.

ecstasy

ecstaticadj/ ekSstaZik /Gkcaused by, expressing, or causing astate of exaltation or rapturousdelight.Maria was ecstatic when herboyfriend proposed to her.

ectocanthionn/ TektPSkan(t)thGEn /Gk + Gkthe point at which the outer ends ofthe upper and lower eyelids meet.Plastic surgery was needed torepair an injury to the patient’sface at the ectocanthion.

ectoplasmn/ SektETplazEm /Gkthe emanation from a spiritualisticmedium that is believed to effecttelekinesis and similar phenomena.In the movies people are alwaysgetting slimed by what they call“ectoplasm,” but if it exists, itwould more likely look like mist.

ecuelle

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ecumenismn/ SekyEmETnizEm /Gk + Ecfprinciples and practices relating toor promoting worldwide Christianunity.The World Council of Churches isa major force in the religiousmovement known as “ecumenism.”ecumenopolisn/ TekyEmDSnBpElEs /Gka single city encompassing thewhole world that is held to be apossibility of the future.Many science fiction stories arebased on the premise of Earth’sfuture ecumenopolis.

eczematousadj/ igSzGmEZEs /Gkrelating to or having thecharacteristics of an inflammatoryskin condition characterized byredness, itching, and lesions.Eczematous skin eruptions may bedue to allergies to certain foods,drugs, or cosmetics.

edaciousadj/ DSdCshEs /L + Ecf[has near homonym: audacious]voracious, devouring.Mary Ellen’s edacious appetite forgossip is offensive to all.

edaphonn/ SedETfBn /Gk > ISVthe animal and plant life present insoils.Stephanie is studying the edaphonof the river delta.

edelweissn/ SCdFlTwIs /Ga small perennial herb growinghigh in the Alps.Eva recognized the edelweiss by itsdistinctive white petals.

edentulate

edentulousadj/ TGSdenchElEs /Llacking teeth; especially : havinglost teeth previously present.When Susie skipped into the secondgrade classroom, she gave MissO’Connell an edentulous grin.

edible

edificationn/ TedEfDSkCshEn /La building up of the mind,character, or faith : intellectual,moral, or spiritual improvement.Though she knew that the wordorigins wouldn’t be on the test,Tara studied them for her ownedification.

edificen/ SedEfDs /Lbuilding; especially : a large ormassive structure (as a church orgovernment building).To Amy, the most beautiful edificein our nation’s capital is theNational Cathedral.

editorial

edulcoratev/ DSdElkETrCt /Lfree from harshness (as of attitude): make pleasant.Ben is under the mistakenimpression that his flattery willedulcorate the stern judge.

eerily

efface

effectuallyadv/ DSfekch(Ew)ElG /L&F > Ein a manner producing the desiredresults.A warm drink is said to fortify oneeffectually against the cold.

effervesce

effervescentadj/ TefE(r)SvesFnt /Limpossible or difficult to restrain orsuppress : bubbling, exuberant.Sean’s effervescent personalitycaught the attention of the jobrecruiter.

effete

efficacious

efficacyn/ SefDkEsG /Lthe power to produce an effect :effectiveness.For Harriet, the idea of beingpreferred by Mr. Elton had all theusual weight and efficacy.

efficiency

effigyn/ SefEjG /L > Fa full or partial representationespecially of a person.Andy felt a chill when he spottedthe effigy of his ancestor in thecathedral crypt.

effleuragen/ TeflESrBzh /L > Fa light stroking movement used inmassage.Abdominal effleurage is atechnique used in preparedchildbirth.

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efflorescencen/ TeflESresFn(t)s /Lthe result or culminating feature ofa developmental process :outgrowth, flower.The museum guide commented thatchange in art is merely theefflorescence of certain longprepared and anticipated effects.

effluentn/ SeTflVEnt /L[Note: Could be confused withaffluent.] something that flows out,as liquid discharged as waste (aswater used in an industrial process).The effluent from the cooling toweris pure water.

effluviumn/ eSflVvGEm /Lan exhalation or smell especiallywhen unpleasant.The effluvium from the backed-updrain nauseated Mr. Locke.

effronteryn/ DSfrEntErG /L > Fflagrant boldness that is offensiveor insolent : gall.Chuck had the effrontery tointerrupt the senator during hisspeech.

effulgence

effulgentadj/ eSfUljEnt /Lmarked by or as if by brightlyshining light.An effulgent flash of intuitionenabled Tony to solve the geometryexam’s final problem.

effusiveadj/ DSfyVsiv /Lexpressing or marked byunrestrained emotion : undulydemonstrative.Troy was bowled over by theeffusive greeting of his Labradorretriever.

egalitarianadj/ (T)GTgalESterGEn /L > Fmarked by or adhering to a beliefthat all persons are equal inintrinsic worth and are entitled toequal access to the rights andprivileges of their society.The senator promised to helpcreate and expand opportunitiesand distribute them in anegalitarian fashion.

egocentricadj/ TGgPSsentrik /L + Gk > Eself-centered, selfish.Dillard’s friends claimed there wasnot an egocentric bone in his body.

egocentricityn/ TGgP(T)senStrisEZG /L + Gk > Lthe quality or state of beingconcerned with oneself rather thanwith others.The conductor’s egocentricitymade his interaction with themusicians less than harmonious.

egregiousadj/ DSgrGjEs /Lflagrant : glaringly evident.As a medical researcher, Lauraknew that many of the reports ofmedical breakthroughs ontelevision contained egregiouserrors.

egregiously

egressn/ SGgres /Lthe act or right of going or comingout.Every hotel should provideaccessible ways of egress.

eider

eiderdownn/ SIdE(r)TdaUn /ON > Icel > Gthe small fluffy under feathers ofany of several large northern seaducks.The price tag on the sleeping bagstuffed with eiderdown shockedKevin’s parents.

eideticadj/ ISdeZik /Gk[has near homonym: identic] of orrelating to voluntarily produciblevisual images having almostphotographic accuracy : vivid,lifelike.Sometimes Grandma would fallinto eidetic reveries and talk to herlong-deceased brother.

eigne

einkornn/ SInTkOrn /Ga one-grained wheat that isregarded by some as the mostprimitive wheat and is grownespecially in poor soils in centralEurope.Einkorn grown in southeasternTurkey is believed to be closelyrelated to a grain firstdomesticated as early as 9000 B.C.

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Einsteinianadj/ SInzTtInGEn /G nameof or relating to American physicistand mathematician Albert Einsteinor his theories.The Einsteinian theory of specialrelativity revolutionized the field ofphysics.

einsteinium

ejector

ekisticsn pl/ DSkistiks /Gka science dealing with humansettlements and drawing on theresearch and experience ofprofessionals in various fields (asarchitecture, engineering, cityplanning, and sociology).Dora’s degree in sociology aidedher in her study of ekistics.

elasticity

electrolysisn/ DTlekStrBlEsDs /Gkthe destruction of hair roots with anelectric current.Electrolysis was one of the meansof hair removal demonstrated inRoweena’s cosmetology class.

electuaryn/ DSlekchETwerG /Gk > L > Ea medicated paste prepared withhoney or other sweet substance,used in veterinary practice, andadministered by smearing on theteeth, gums, or tongue.The veterinarian patiently smearedan electuary on the horse’s gums.

eleemosynaryadj/ TelESmBsFnTerG /Lof or relating to charity : charitable,philanthropic.Participation in eleemosynaryactivities is a graduationrequirement at Janie’s school.

elegiacal

elementary

elephantn/ SelEfEnt /Hamitic? > Gk > L > Fany of a family of thicksetextremely large nearly hairlessherbivorous mammals that have asnout elongated into a musculartrunk and two incisors in the upperjaw developed especially in themale into large ivory tusks.Zack and Debbie enjoyed watchingthe elephant use its trunk to spraywater on its back.

elephantineadj/ TelESfanTtGn /Gk > Lof enormous size or weight :uncommonly large : immense,massive.Troy was served an elephantine icecream sundae.

eligibleadj/ SelDjEbEl /L[Note: The definition provided isnot the one most commonlyassociated with this word.]preferable, desirable.The quietness of the game made itparticularly eligible for Mr.Woodhouse, who had often beendistressed by the more animatedsort.

elisionn/ DSlizhEn /Lthe use of a speech form that lacksa final or initial sound that a variantspeech form has.Today’s French class concentratedon when to use elision.

elitistadj/ DSlGZDst /L > Fof or relating to a consciousness ofbeing one of a segment or groupregarded as socially superior.The private school offers manyneed-based scholarships to combatthe impression that its student bodyis elitist.

elixirn/ DSliksE(r) /Gk? > Ar > L > Ea substance or concoction held tobe capable of prolonging lifeindefinitely.Explorers through the ages havesought the elixir of life, betterknown as the “fountain of youth.”ellipsen/ DSlips /Gkan elongated circle.The walking path behind the schoolforms an ellipse around the tenniscourts.

ellipsesn pl/ GSlipTsGz /Gk[Note: The definition provided isnot the one most commonlyassociated with this word.]omissions of one or more wordsthat are obviously understood butmust be supplied to make aconstruction grammaticallycomplete.Pat’s use of suspension periods topunctuate her main character’sellipses visually portrays thecharacter’s disjointed thought.

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ellipticity

elocutionn/ TelESkyVshEn /Lthe art of oratorical or expressivepublic speaking.Senator Okada is a master ofelocution.

eloquencen/ SelEkwEn(t)s /Ldiscourse marked by apt and fluentdiction and imaginative fervor.The defense lawyer addressed thecourtroom audience witheloquence.

elucidatev/ DSlVsETdCt /Lmake intelligible by clearexplanation or careful analysis.Belinda asked Mrs. Dent toelucidate the complicated essayquestion.

elutriation

emaciatedadj/ DSmCshGTCZDd /Lmade lean by impairment (as fromhunger).The emaciated cat stared at Tinawith hollow eyes.

emanationn/ TemESnCshEn /La flowing forth.The air was tainted with the muskyemanation from the alligator pen.

emancipationn/ DTman(t)sESpCshEn /Lthe act or process of setting ormaking free; broadly : deliverancefrom any onerous and controllingpower.Abraham Lincoln’s decreeproclaiming emancipation forslaves came as a joyous daybreakto end the long night of captivity.

emanometern/ TemESnBmEZE(r) /L + Gkany of various devices designed tomeasure quantities or intensity of aheavy gaseous element producedby radioactive disintegration.The emanometer detecteddangerous amounts of radon inTheo’s basement.

embarcaderon/ emTbBrkESde(T)rP /L > Spa landing place; especially : alanding place on an inlandwaterway.An organ grinder and his monkeyentertained visitors at theembarcadero of the restoredvillage.

embargon/ DmSbBr(T)gP /L > Span edict or order of the governmentprohibiting the departure or entryof ships of commerce at portswithin its dominions.In defiance of the embargo, theboat slipped out of the harbor atnight.

embarrass

embarrassmentn/ DmSbarEsmEnt /Pg > Sp > Fconfusion or discomposure ofmind.Locking his car keys in his cartrunk caused Andy muchembarrassment.

embassy

embellishv/ DmSbelish /F > Eenhance, amplify, or garnish (anaccount) by elaboration withinessential but decorative orfanciful details.Ivan likes to embellish his stories alittle differently each time he tellsthem.

embezzlementn/ DmSbezElmEnt /F > AF > Efraudulent appropriation of moneyby a person to whom it has beenentrusted.The FBI investigation led to theunion leader’s indictment forembezzlement.

emblazonv/ DmSblCzFn /Lcf > Ecf + F > Eset off conspicuously (as by rich orbrilliant decorations).Andrea asked the seamstress toemblazon the sweater withembroidered flowers.

emblem

embolismn/ SembETlizEm /Gkthe sudden obstruction of a bloodvessel by a foreign or abnormalparticle (as a bubble of air or ablood clot).Careless administration of aninjection can cause an embolism.

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embouchuren/ SBmbVTshU(E)r /L > Fthe position and use of the lips inproducing a musical tone on a windinstrument.After six weeks of criticism abouther poor embouchure, Kirstenswitched from the clarinet to thepiano.

embraceryn/ DmSbrCs(E)rG /F > Ethe act of one who attempts to oracts so as to influence a court, jury,or other office or officer corruptly(as by promises, money, or threats).After trying to bribe a juror, themobster was arrested and chargedwith embracery.

embrasuren/ DmSbrCzhE(r) /Fan opening with sides flaringoutward in a wall or parapet of afortification usually for allowingthe firing of cannon.Bobby and Jackie amusedthemselves during the castle tourby climbing into every embrasureto look out the windows.

embrocate

embrocationn/ TembrESkCshEn /Gk > Lliniment.The fact that Della’s throat is somuch better can be attributed to theexcellent embrocation her motherapplied regularly.

embroidery

embryo

embryonicadj/ TembrGSBnik /Gk > L + Ecfbeing in an early and undevelopedstage.Delia disclosed embryonic plansfor the new theater.

emeraldn/ Sem(E)rEld /Gk > L > F > Ea highly prized gemstone of richgreen color.Beth’s grandfather has a lovelyunmounted emerald that he plansto give to her for a graduationpresent.

emeritusadj/ DSmerEZEs /Lretired from an office after gainingrecognition.Our summer school teacher, Dr.Benteen, is Professor Emeritus ofhistory from Dartmouth University.

emigrantn/ SemDgrEnt /L[has near homonym: immigrant] aperson who leaves a country orregion to establish permanentresidence elsewhere.Sidney’s great-great-grandfatherwas an Irish emigrant during thepotato famine.

eminentadj/ SemEnEnt /L[has homonym and nearhomonyms: emanent andimmanent, imminent] standing outso as to be readily perceived.The National Cathedral is abuilding of eminent beauty.

eminently

emissaries

emissaryn/ SemETserG /Lan agent or representative usuallyempowered to act more or lessindependently.Each government sent an emissaryto the trade talks.

emolliate

emollientadj/ DSmBlyEnt /L[Note: Could be confused withemolument.] soothing especially tothe skin or mucous membrane.Erna usually applies an emollientcream to her hands after washingdishes.

emolumentn/ DSmBlyEmEnt /L[Note: Could be confused withemollient.] profit or perquisitesfrom office, employment, or labor.The waitress who did not report thetips portion of her emolument facedincarceration for tax evasion.

empanadan/ TempESnBdE /L > Spa turnover filled with meat.For the hike Luke packed anempanada and an apple in hisknapsack.

empathy

empennagen/ TBmpESnBzh /Fcf + L + Fcfthe tail assembly of an aircraft.After the accident the FAA orderedthe airline to inspect theempennage of every plane in itsfleet.

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emphaticallyadv/ DmSfaZDkElG /Gkin a markedly forceful manner.At the school board meeting Jonahspoke emphatically in favor ofrequiring students to wearuniforms.

emphyseman/ Tem(p)fESzGmE /Gka condition characterized by air-filled, blisterlike expansions in thetissues of the lungs.Most cases of emphysema arecaused by smoking.

empiricaladj/ DmSpirDkEl /Gk > Loriginating in or relying or basedon factual information, observation,or direct sense experience usuallyas opposed to theoreticalknowledge.Epidemiologists rely heavily onempirical data in predicting thespread of a contagious disease.

empleomanian/ TemplGPSmCnGE /F > Sp + Gk > Lan excessive desire for holdingpublic office.Otis’s empleomania drove him tosquander his fortune on politicalcampaigns.

emporium

empyreann/ TemTpISrGEn /Gk > Lthe highest heaven or heavenlysphere in ancient and medievalcosmology usually described as asphere of fire or light.According to Ptolemy, there arefive heavens, the last of which iscalled the “empyrean,” from theGreek word meaning “fiery.”emu

emulate

enamel

encephalitisn/ DnTsefESlIZDs /Gkinflammation of the brain,especially when due to infectiousagents or their toxins.The symptoms of encephalitisusually include fever, headache,and tremors.

enchiladan/ enchESlBdE /Spa tortilla topped or rolled up with ahighly seasoned meat or otherfilling and served with tomatosauce seasoned with chili.The sampler platter included ataco, an enchilada, and a burrito.

enclaven/ SenTklCv /L > Fa district or region (as in a city)inhabited by a particular race or setapart for a special purpose.The Warsaw Ghetto was aninfamous enclave during WorldWar II.

enclitic

encomiumn/ DnSkPmGEm /Gkan often formal expression of warmor high praise : eulogy.At the dedication of the warmemorial, the president offered anencomium for the fallen heroes.

encoren/ SBnTkP(E)r /L > Fthe further appearance of aperformer or an additionalperformance requested by anaudience.The audience was so thrilled by thesinger’s rendition of the aria that itcheered for an encore.

encroachmentn/ DnSkrPchTmEnt /Scand > F > Eadvancement beyond set limits.When a football player enters theneutral zone and makes contactwith an opponent before the ball issnapped, the head linesman willpenalize the team forencroachment.

encumbrance

encyclical

endemicadj/ enSdemik /Gkpeculiar to a locality or region.Despite its name, Rocky Mountainspotted fever is not endemic to thewestern United States.

endocrinology

endophytousadj/ enSdBfEZEs /Gkliving within the tissues of plants.Most vascular plants could notgrow without the endophytous fungithat inhabit their roots and supplyessential nutrients.

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endorphinn/ enSdOrfDn /Gk > ISVany of a group of proteins withpotent pain-killing properties thatoccur naturally in the brain.In long-distance runners, elevatedblood levels of endorphin canprevent the pain of sustainedexertion.

endorsement

endow

endurable

energeticadj/ TenE(r)SjeZik /Gkmarked by energy.The energetic captain kept thepolice force ready for anyemergency.

enervatev/ SenE(r)TvCt /L[has near homonym with oppositemeaning: innervate] lessen thenerve, vitality, or strength of.Being outside in the heat of the daywould enervate Grandma, so sheweeds her garden in the cool hoursof early morning.

enervatedadj/ SenE(r)TvCZDd /Llacking physical, mental, or moralvigor.After the 15-mile mountain hike,Marsha found herself completelyenervated.

enfiladen/ SenfETlCd /Farrangement (as of rooms,doorways, trees) in opposite andparallel rows.The hallway of the huge hotel wasseemingly endless, with an enfiladeof doors appearing to grow evertinier in the distance.

enfranchisementn/ DnSfranTchIzmEnt /F > Ethe act of endowing with aconstitutional or statutory right orprivilege; especially : the act ofendowing with the right to vote.It is hard to believe today thatsegments of American society wereonce denied enfranchisement.

engineern/ TenjDSni(E)r /F > Ea person trained to plan andsupervise projects in a technicalfield.The chief engineer and his teamdesigned a flood control plan forthe city.

engrossedadj/ DnSgrPst /L > AF > Ecompletely occupied or absorbed.Engrossed in her book, Mary didnot hear her mother’s repeatedcalls for her to come downstairs.

enhance

enigmaticadj/ Te(T)nigSmaZik /Gk > Linexplicable, puzzling.Marla scribbled an enigmaticmessage on Lance’s arm cast.

enlightenmentn/ DnSlItFnmEnt /Ecf + E + Ecfthe act or means of furnishing withuseful information.The rules of the debate will beposted on the bulletin board for theenlightenment of all participants.

enmityn/ SenmEZG /L > Fhostility, animosity.The enmity which Mr. and Mrs.Elton dared not show in opendisrespect to Miss Woodhousefound a broader vent incontemptuous treatment of her bestfriend.

ennead

enneastyleadj/ SenGETstIl /Gk + Gkmarked with columniation withnine columns across the front.The new monument has anenneastyle arrangement withCorinthian columns.

ennuin/ BnSwG /Flanguor or emptiness of spirit :boredom.Though she claimed to dislikeschool, Tara felt a certain ennuiwhen not doing somethingacademic.

ensconcev/ DnzSkBn(t)s /L > F > Eplace or hide (as oneself) securely :conceal.Jared was able to ensconce himselfbehind the sofa before his brothercame looking for him.

ensconced

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ensemblen/ BnSsBmbEl /L > Fa group of supporting players,singers, or dancers.The principals in the play wereably supported by the ensemble.

ensilage

entablature

entangledadj/ DnStaNgEld /Einvolved in a perplexing ortroublesome situation from whichescape is difficult.Several birds got entangled in thenet Mr. Cantrell placed over hischerry tree.

ententen/ BnStBnt /L > Fa written or unwritten internationalunderstanding usually less formallybinding than an alliance.The president decided that hergovernment’s policy of isolationismwould not be broken by an entente.

entertain

enthymemen/ Sen(t)thETmGm /Gkan argument or truncated syllogismin which one of the propositions isunderstood but not stated.A good example of an enthymeme isthe statement “We are dependent;therefore, we should be humble.”entitle

entomogenousadj/ TentESmBjEnEs /Gkgrowing on or in the bodies ofinsects.Some scale insects that feed ontrees have entomogenous fungi.

entomologistn/ TentESmBlEjDst /Gkone specializing in the study ofinsects.Dirk has wanted to be anentomologist since he was in thethird grade.

entouragen/ TBntESrBzh /L > Fone’s attendants or subordinates.The rock star and his entourageoccupied an entire floor of thehotel.

entrance

entrecoten/ BMtrETkPPt /L > Fa steak cut from between the ribs;sometimes : sirloin.Martha’s health-conscious brotherturned down an entrecote in favorof a flank steak.

entremetsn pl/ TBntrESmC(z) /L > Fdishes (as vegetables or savories)served in addition to the maincourse of a meal.At some restaurants, entremetsmust be ordered separately fromthe main course.

entrepreneurn/ TBntrEp(r)ESnEr /L > Fthe organizer of an economicventure; especially : one whoorganizes, owns, manages, andassumes the risks of a business.The local college gives accountingclasses for the first-timeentrepreneur.

enumerate

enunciatev/ GSnEn(t)sGTCt /Lutter articulate sounds.Mr. Dubek reminded Val to standstraight and enunciate clearly.

enunciator

environsn pl/ DnSvIrEnz /L > F > Evicinity, neighborhood.Residents of the subdivision and itsimmediate environs are eligible tojoin the neighborhood poolassociation.

envisagev/ DnSvizij /Fhave a mental picture of in advanceof realization.Benjamin could scarcely envisagethe scale of the project, so he brokeit down into smaller, moremanageable units.

envisagement

enzymen/ SenTzIm /Gkany of a very large class ofcomplex proteinaceous substancesthat are produced by living cellsand that are essential to life byacting as catalysts.Emil Fischer theorized in 1894 thatan enzyme acts like a lock to whicha certain reactant is the key.

ephapse

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ephedrinen/ DSfedrDn /Gka white crystalline alkaloid usedoften in the form of a salt (as thesulfate) chiefly in relieving hayfever, asthma, and nasalcongestion.Ephedrine has been used to treatthe bronchoconstriction associatedwith asthma.

ephemeral

ephemerisn/ DSfem(E)rDs /Gka publication giving the computedplaces of the celestial bodies foreach day of the year.Tracy’s attorney consulted anephemeris to verify her story abouthaving seen Venus on the morningof the crime.

epiceden/ SepETsGd /Gka funeral song or ode.The poet laureate composed anepicede for the queen’s funeral.

epicure

epicureanadj/ TepDSkyErGEn /Gk name > L + Ecfstimulating and satisfying to thesenses.The presentation of the epicureandishes was as delightful as theirtaste and aroma.

epicyclen/ SepETsIkEl /Gka circle in which a planet movesand which has a center that is itselfcarried around at the same time onthe circumference of a larger circle.Ancient astronomers used theepicycle to explain their theory thatEarth is at the center of the solarsystem.

epidemic

epidermisn/ TepESdErmDs /Gkthe outer layer of the skin of avertebrate.The paper cut, though painful,barely broke Kayla’s epidermis.

epigramn/ SepETgram /Gka short poem with a witty orsatirical point.Kelly kept a calendar on her deskthat gave a humorous epigram foreach day of the year.

epilepsyn/ SepETlepsG /Gka chronic nervous disorder ofhumans and other animals thatinvolves changes in the state ofconsciousness and of motion.Epilepsy is sometimes caused byglandular disturbances.

epiphanyn/ DSpifEnG /Gkan appearance or revelatorymanifestation of a divine being or agod.Apuleius’s Metamorphosesincludes a description of anepiphany of the goddess Isis.

episcopacy

episoden/ SepETsPd /Gkthe part of a radio, television, ormotion-picture serial presented atone performance.The ending of each episode of thesoap opera left one wanting to seethe next episode.

epistemologyn/ DTpistESmBlEjG /Gkthe study of the method andgrounds of knowledge especiallywith reference to its limits andvalidity; broadly : the theory ofknowledge.The middle books of Plato’sRepublic are the key to hisepistemology.

epistle

epistolaryadj/ DSpistETlerG /Lwritten in the form of a series ofletters.Evan read four epistolary novelslast summer.

epistrophe

epitaph

epitaphsn pl/ SepETtafs /Gkinscriptions on or at tombs orgraves in memory of those buriedthere.For amusement the children like toread the epitaphs in the old churchcemetery.

epitasisn/ DSpiZEsDs /Gkthe part of a play developing themain action and leading to thecatastrophe.During the epitasis the charactersdeveloped relationships that wouldcomplicate their lives.

epithetn/ SepETthet /Gka disparaging or abusive word orphrase.Donnie apologized for shouting anepithet at Mr. Garibaldi.

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epitome

epitomizev/ DSpiZETmIz /Gkserve as the typical representationof.Sharon’s choice of clothing mustsurely be an attempt to epitomizebad taste.

epizooticadj/ TepEzESwBZik /Gkof or relating to a disease affectingmany animals of one kind at thesame time.Great measures are being taken toensure that the epizootic foot-and-mouth disease does not enter theUnited States.

epoch

epoche

eponymousadj/ DSpBnEmEs /Gk + Ecfbearing the name of, being, orrelating to one for whom or whichsomething is named.Jason will play the role of JuliusCaesar in the drama club’spresentation of the eponymousplay.

epopee

epyllionn/ eSpilGEn /Gka relatively short narrative poemresembling an epic in theme, tone,or style.Is “Hiawatha” short enough to beconsidered an epyllion?

equanimityn/ TGkwESnimEZG /Levenness of mental disposition :emotional balance especially understress.The writer learned to accept withequanimity the rejections frompublishers.

equation

equatorn/ GSkwCZE(r) /Lthe great circle of the celestialsphere whose plane isperpendicular to the axis of Earth.Spring begins when the Sun movesnorth across the equator.

equatorialadj/ TGkwEStPrGEl /Lof, at, or relating to the equator.The length of the days and nightsdoesn’t vary much in equatorialregions.

equestrienne

equilateral

equilibristn/ TGkwESlibrDst /L > Fone who balances himself inunnatural positions and performshazardous movements.Of all the acts in the circus, Yancyliked the equilibrist best.

equilibriumn/ TGkwESlibrGEm /La state of dynamic balance attainedin a reversible chemical reactionwhen the velocities in bothdirections are equal.Marge injected a flask of colorlessnitrogen dioxide with dinitrogentetroxide, a brown gas, to illustratechemical equilibrium: Whenequilibrium occurred, the gas in theflask stopped becoming browner.

equine

equinoctialadj/ TGkwESnBkshEl /L > F > Erelating to either of the two timeseach year when the Sun crosses theequator and day and night areeverywhere of equal length.Marge began making preparationsfor her annual spring equinoctialfestival.

equinoxn/ SGkwETnBks /L > Eeither of the two times each yearwhen the Sun crosses the equatorand day and night are everywhereof equal length, being about March21st and September 23rd.Legend has it that you can balancean egg on its end only during theequinox.

equipage

equipment

equipoisev/ SekwETpOiz /L + L > Fput or hold in a state of equilibriumor balance.Tod’s efforts to equipoise theopposing interests of the twogroups enabled them to coexistcivilly.

equipped

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equitable

equityn/ SekwEZG /Lthe money value of a property or ofan interest in a property in excessof claims or liens (as mortgagedindebtedness) against it.During the three-year real estateboom, Jan’s home equity went up300%.

equivalentadj/ DSkwiv(E)lEnt /Lcorresponding or virtually identicalespecially in effect or function.Butter and margarine areequivalent in most recipes.

equivocatev/ DSkwivETkCt /Lavoid committing oneself in whatone says : speak evasively.When confronted with the facts,Bernie realized it would do no goodto equivocate.

eradicable

eradicatev/ DSradETkCt /L[has homonym with oppositemeaning: irradicate] do away with: destroy completely.Many wheat farmers use aerialsprays to eradicate weeds,diseases, and insect pests fromtheir fields.

erasableadj/ DSrCsEbEl /Lcapable of being rubbed or scrapedout or removed from existence ormemory.Penelope signed the contract witherasable ink.

erasure

eremologyn/ TerESmBlEjG /Gk + Gka science concerned with the desertand its phenomena.Professor Heath’s research ondesert flora was hailed as asignificant contribution toeremology.

ergotn/ SErgEt /Fa fungal disease of rye and othercereals.An outbreak of ergot destroyed Mr.Kern’s crop.

erminen/ SErmDn /Gmc > F > Eany of several weasels that assumewhite winter fur usually with moreor less black on the tail.Despite the outcry of animalactivists, the fine fur of the ermineis still used for ornamentation ofsome designer clothing.

errancy

errand

erroneous

ersatzadj/ SerTzBts /Gsubstitute, synthetic : simulated.Because copper was needed forarmaments, pennies were madewith an ersatz material duringWorld War II.

erubescentadj/ Ter(y)ESbesFnt /Lbecoming red : reddening.Eufemia’s erubescent complexionmade her embarrassment obvious.

eruditeadj/ SeryETdIt /L > Echaracterized by a love ofknowledge for its own sake :devoted to the pursuit of learning.The speaker’s presentation was acompilation of research that wouldinterest only the most eruditescholars in his field.

eruditionn/ TeryESdishEn /Lan extensive knowledge acquiredchiefly from books.The schoolmaster was esteemed asa man of great erudition.

erumpent

escalator

escamotagen/ eskAmOtAAzh /Fjuggling, hand trickery.The street magician accompaniedhis deft escamotage with jokes anda distracting patter.

escargotn/ eskArgP /OProv > Fa snail prepared for use as food.Saul fished the escargot out of itsshell with a tiny fork and popped itinto his mouth.

escarpmentn/ DSskBrpmEnt /Fa long cliff or steep slopeseparating two comparatively levelor more gently sloping surfaces.From the top of the escarpment,Peter had a commanding view ofboth baseball fields.

eschew

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eschewaln/ Ds(h)SchVEl /Gmc > F > Eshunning, avoidance.Peter’s eschewal of anythingcontaining peanuts or peanut oil isa matter of life and death.

esconson

escritoiren/ SeskrETtwBr /L > Fa piece of furniture resembling abureau and providing a writingsurface or desk area behind ahinged front that drops down.Jennifer bought a valuable 18th-century escritoire at Sotheby’s.

escrow

esotericadj/ TesESterik /Gkdifficult to understand.Phil found the article onmetaphysics too esoteric.

espadrillen/ SespETdril /L > Prov > Fa flat sandal having a fabric upperand a flexible often rope sole.Marsha put on her other espadrilleand headed for the beach.

espalier

espaliersn pl/ DSspalyErz /L > It > Ffruit trees or other plants trained togrow flat against a building, wall,railing, trellis, or other support.Harriet walked up the broad andneat gravel walk, which ledbetween rows of espaliers to thefront door.

especially

espionagen/ SespGETnBzh /Fthe practice of spying or using spiesto obtain information about theplans and activities especially of aforeign government or a competingcompany.After discovering that Mr.Carmichael had sold companytrade secrets to a competitor, hisemployer charged him withindustrial espionage.

esplanaden/ SesplETnBd /L > It > Fa level open stretch of paved orgrassy ground; especially : onedesigned for walking or driving andoften providing a vista (as overwater).Carole decided to go for a stroll onthe esplanade before dinner.

espresso

essencen/ SesFn(t)s /Lan extract (as from fruit) used asflavoring in cooking.Tatiana could taste thepomegranate essence in the cake’sfrosting.

estaminetn/ estAmGnC /Gmc > Fa small café : bistro.While driving through Belgium,Jeff and Linda stopped at acharming estaminet for lunch.

esteem

estimableadj/ SestEmEbEl /Lworthy of esteem or respect.The statesman had a tarnishedyouth but is now, in many ways, anestimable figure.

estoppeln/ DSstBpEl /Fa legal preclusion by which one isprevented from alleging somethingpreviously denied or denyingsomething previously alleged.Because his previous statement wason record, an estoppel preventedTom from changing his position.

estrepementn/ DSstrGpmEnt /F > AFwaste or needless destruction oflands; especially : damage wroughtby a tenant for life.The tenant’s estrepement of thefarm had made the land almostuseless.

estuarine

estuaryn/ Ses(h)chETwerG /La water passage where the tidemeets the current of a stream.Small boats were warned not totravel the estuary without aid.

esurientadj/ DSsUrGEnt /Lhaving a huge appetite : greedy.Which one of you esurient fellowsordered the extra-large pizza?ethnic

ethos

etiolationn/ TGZGESlCshEn /Fthe yellowing or whitening of agreen plant through lack ofsunlight.Rhonda uses a special lamp on herhouseplants to prevent etiolation.

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etiquetten/ SeZDkDt /Fthe forms required by goodbreeding or prescribed by authorityto be observed in social or officiallife.The defendant’s attorney advisedhim on the observance ofcourtroom etiquette.

etymologyn/ TeZESmBlEjG /Gk > L > Ea branch of linguistics concernedwith the complete history of alinguistic form (as a word ormorpheme).Students have rated Dr. Bailly’sclass in etymology the best coursein the English department.

etymonn/ SeZETmBn /Gkthe word in a foreign language thatis the source of a particularloanword.The etymon of the English wordcantata is the same word in Italian.

eucalyptusn/ TyVkESliptEs /Gka tree or shrub native to westernAustralia.Brad planted a eucalyptus in thevain hope of attracting koalas.

eudaemonicadj/ TyVdGSmBnik /Gkproducing happiness : based on theidea of happiness as the proper endof conduct.The company’s decision toeliminate production quotas had aeudaemonic effect on all theworkers.

Euhemerismn/ yVShGmETrizEm /Gk namea theory held by the Greekmythographer Euhemerus that thegods of mythology were but deifiedmortals.While studying Euhemerism, Serjeilearned that the god Vulcan wasthe first to discover how to makebronze and iron.

eulogyn/ SyVlEjG /Gka composition (as a set oration) incommendation of someone orsomething (as of the character andaccomplishments of a deceasedperson).The university president delivered amoving eulogy at the funeral of thedean.

eupepticadj/ yVSpeptik /Gkcheerful, optimistic.The eupeptic president put thepeople at ease about the nation’seconomy.

euphemismn/ SyVfETmizEm /Gka polite term used to avoid thedirect naming of an unpleasantreality.Marjorie referred to her illnesswith a vague euphemism.

euphoricadj/ yVSfOrik /Gkcharacterized by a feeling of well-being or elation.The golfer was absolutely euphoricafter making a hole in one.

eurekainterj/ yESrGkE /Gkused to express triumphconcerning a discovery.A loud “Eureka!” emanated fromthe chemistry laboratory.

eurythermn/ SyUrEthErm /Gk + Gkan organism that tolerates a widerange of temperature.Whereas some animals hibernateduring the winter, a eurytherm isactive throughout the cold months.

eustacy

eutaxyn/ SyVTtaksG /Gkgood order or management.Rose’s Christmas decorationroutine was an example of theeutaxy she practiced constantly.

euthanasia

euthenicsn pl/ yVStheniks /Gka science that deals withdeveloping human well-being andefficient functioning through theimprovement of environmentalconditions.As the world becomes morepopulated, people pay moreattention to the relevance ofeuthenics.

eutrophicadj/ yVStrBfik /Gk + Gkof a lake : rich in dissolvednutrients but frequently shallowand with seasonal oxygendeficiency.Since the 1970s the use ofphosphates in detergents has beenbanned in some states because theymake lakes eutrophic.

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evaluatev/ DSvalyETwCt /L > F > Eexamine and judge concerning theworth, quality, significance,amount, degree, or condition of.The company sent Chris to evaluatethe project’s potential for profit.

evanescentadj/ TevESnesFn(t) /Lof short life or duration : fleeting.The joy and moral stimulation ofwork is often forgotten in the madchase of evanescent profits.

evaporable

evidentiaryadj/ TevESdench(E)rG /L + Ecfbeing, relating to, or affordingevidence.Because he is not an expert inforensics, Harvey's opinion has noevidentiary value.

evildoern/ SGvElTdVE(r) /Eone who does wicked deeds.The prosecutor portrayed thedefendant as a friendly face withthe heart of an evildoer.

evincible

evisceratev/ DSvisETrCt /Ltake out the entrails of :disembowel, gut.The chef showed his apprenticehow to eviscerate a fish.

eviternity

evocativeadj/ DSvBkEZiv /Ltending to call forth an emotionalresponse.Kathy sang an evocative balladabout her emigrant grandparents.

evokev/ DSvPk /Lcall forth or up : summon.For Eva, the first crisp days ofautumn always evoke memories ofher semester in England.

exacerbatev/ igSzasE(r)bCt /Lmake more violent or bitter :intensify the bad qualities of.Cindy learned how name-callingcould exacerbate an already violentargument.

exaggeratev/ igSzajETrCt /Lmisrepresent on the side oflargeness (as of size, extent, orvalue) : overstate the truth.Like any fisherman, Tio tends toexaggerate the size of his catches.

example

exanimate

exaration

excelsior

excerpta

exchequer

excisen/ SekTsIz /Dany of various taxes on privileges(as of engaging in a particular tradeor sport) that are often assessed inthe form of a license or other fee.An excise is included in the cost ofa fishing license.

exclamationn/ TeksklESmCshEn /Lvehement expression (as of protest,reproach, or complaint).Trudy gave a loud exclamation asthe plane took off without her.

exclamatorily

excoriatev/ ekSskPrGTCt /Lcensure scathingly.Mr. Dent proceeded to excoriateEllen in front of the entire pepsquad.

exculpatev/ Sek(T)skElTpCt /Lclear from alleged fault or guilt.Greg is positive that the honorcouncil will exculpate him after athorough investigation.

excursion

exedent

exemplaryadj/ igSzemplErG /Ldeserving imitation : commendable.Hubert was praised for hisexemplary conduct.

exercise

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exhaustionn/ igSzOschEn /Lweariness following overstrain oroverexertion.Vance collapsed from exhaustionafter running the marathon.

exhibit

exhilarate

exhortation

exigency

exiguousadj/ egSzigyEwEs /Lscanty in amount : meager, narrow.Fran’s father disapproves of herplan to use her exiguous savingsfor the down payment on amotorcycle.

existential

exoneratev/ igSzBnETrCt /Lclear from accusation or blame.DNA analysis has the potentialeither to exonerate suspects or toplace them at the scene of thecrime.

exonerated

exoneration

exorbitantadj/ igSzO(r)bEZEnt /L > F > Eexcessive.The ferryman charged anexorbitant rate to carry peopleacross the strait.

exoskeletonn/ TeksPSskelEtFn /Gk + Gk > Lan external supportive or protectivestructure or framework of an insect.An exoskeleton provides protectionfor an insect, much like a suit ofarmor.

exoticadj/ igSzBZik /Gkfrom another country : not native tothe place where found.Little did Polly know that the exoticbird she bought had been illegallysmuggled into the country.

expatiatev/ ekSspCshGTCt /Lspeak or write at length or inconsiderable detail.The mighty bulk of the whaleaffords a congenial theme whereonto enlarge, amplify, and expatiate.

expatriate

expectorant

expeditiousadj/ TekspESdishEs /Lacting with promptness orefficiency : speedy.Mrs. Elton boasted that her horseswere extremely expeditious andthat her carriage probably drovefaster than anyone else’s.

expensiveadj/ ikSspen(t)siv /Lcharacterized by high price or cost.The concert tickets were expensive,but the event sold out a monthbefore the performance date.

expiatev/ SekspGTCt /Lextinguish the guilt incurred by :make conciliation for.Buddhist doctrine holds that onemust expiate the sins committed inpast lives.

exploitn/ SekTsplOit /L > F > Edeed, act.Sarah’s first exploit in bakingresulted in a burned pie andcharred juice in the oven.

explosiveadj/ ikSsplPTsiv /L + Ecfof or relating to the act of violentlyexpanding and bursting.Witnesses told the arsoninvestigator that two men ran fromthe side door of the warehousemoments before the explosive fire.

expostulatev/ ikSspBschETlCt /Lreason earnestly with a person forpurposes of dissuasion orremonstrance.Nelson takes every opportunity toexpostulate about politics withstrangers on the subway.

expungev/ ikSspEnj /L + Lstrike out, obliterate, or mark fordeletion (as a word, line, orsentence).Jeff agreed to expunge the wordstupid from his book report.

exquisite

exsculptate

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exsiccatev/ SeksDTkCt /L + Ldrive moisture from (as by theaction of heat).Sara wants to exsiccate the plumsshe picked to see if they will reallyturn into prunes.

exsuccousadj/ ek(s)SsEkEs /L + Ldevoid of all juices or sap : driedup.The exsuccous orange in Tamra’slocker must have been left theremonths ago.

exsufflation

extemporaneousadj/ TekTstempESrCnGEs /Lcomposed, performed, or uttered onor as if on the spur of the moment.Suzi gave an extemporaneous talkabout bonsai at the craft clubmeeting.

extempore

extensive

extinctadj/ ikSstiN(k)t /L > Eno longer living : deceased, dead.Latin is an extinct language.

extinguishv/ ikSstiNgwish /L + Ecfcause (as a fire or light) to ceaseburning.Procedure dictated that Lennyextinguish his car’s headlightsbefore approaching theguardhouse.

extirpatev/ SekstE(r)TpCt /Lpull up or out by or as if by theroots or stem.Fay made it her mission toextirpate every weed in the lawn.

extract

extraneousadj/ ekSstrCnGEs /Lexisting or originating outside orbeyond.Leona didn’t let extraneous noisesbother her while she was studying.

extraordinarilyadv/ ikTstrO(r)dFnSerDlG /Lin a manner beyond what is usual,regular, common, or customary.Dr. Miller told us that Brutus wasextraordinarily frisky this morning.

extraordinary

extrapolatev/ ikSstrapETlCt /L + L > Einfer from a trend within an alreadyobserved interval.From the data she had collected sofar, Mirna tried to extrapolate apreliminary conclusion about theinsect population of the state.

extraterrestrialadj/ ekstrETtDSrestrGEl /Loriginating or existing outsideEarth or its atmosphere.The shiny rock appeared to Zeldato be extraterrestrial.

extravaganzan/ ikTstravESganzE /L > Ita lavish or spectacular show orevent.The Mardi Gras extravaganza inNew Orleans has several carnival-like parades.

extravasatev/ ikSstravETsCt /Lpour out or erupt.When extreme heat and pressurebuild within a volcano, molten lavamay extravasate into the air.

extricatev/ SekstrETkCt /Lpull out.When the whistle blew, Jason triedto extricate himself from the bottomof the pile of players.

exuberance

exuberantadj/ igSzVb(E)rEnt /Ljoyously unrestrained andenthusiastic.The students at Payton MiddleSchool gave the visiting astronautan exuberant welcome.

fabiformadj/ SfCbETfOrm /L + Ecf[has near homonym: faviform]shaped like a bean.Jodie is having a fabiformswimming pool installed in herbackyard.

fabled

fabricate

facade

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facetiosityn/ fETsGshGSBsEZG /L + Ecfthe quality or state of being jocularin an often clumsy or inappropriateway.Mrs. Foster did not appreciateBarney’s facetiosity during herhistory class.

facetious

facial

facileadj/ SfasEl /Leasily accomplished or attained.Sarpedon’s facile backgammonvictory over his sister made himsuspicious of her intent.

facilelyadv/ SfasEl(l)G /L + Ecfin an easy manner : with ease orassurance.Andy sat down at the piano andplayed facilely through a book ofshow tunes.

facilitate

facilitatorn/ fESsilETtCZ(E)r /L + Ecffone that makes something easier orless difficult.As a teacher, Mr. Logan considershimself a facilitator of learningrather than a dispenser ofinformation.

faconne

facsimilen/ fakSsimElG /Lan exact and detailed copy.Jared bought a facsimile of NoahWebster’s 1828 dictionary.

factitious

factotumn/ fakStPZEm /La person having many diverseactivities or responsibilities : ageneral servant.Mrs. Alexander has so manyresponsibilities not related toinstruction that she feels more likea factotum than a teacher.

faculan/ SfakyElE /Lany of the bright regions of theSun’s photosphere seen most easilynear the Sun’s edge and occurringmost frequently in proximity tosunspots.Seymour tracked the Sun’s rotationby charting the position of a facula.

facultative

facultiesn pl/ SfakEltGz /L > F > Einherent capabilities, powers, orfunctions.While Barbara was recoveringfrom eye surgery she had to relymore on her faculties of hearingand smelling.

faddist

Fahrenheitadj/ SfarEnThIt /G namerelating or conforming to athermometric scale on which understandard atmospheric pressure theboiling point of water is at 212degrees and the freezing point at 32degrees.Nathan knew it was hot outside, buthe was astonished to learn that thetemperature was 100 degreesFahrenheit.

faille

faineantadj/ SfCnGEnt /Fidle and ineffectual.Lack of purpose can contribute to afaineant life.

faint

faithfuln pl/ SfCthfEl /Eadherents of a system of religiousbelief.The pope spoke to the faithful fromhis balcony, asking them to prayfor the future of the world.

falbala

falcateadj/ SfalTkCt /Lhooked or curved like a sickle—used also of the Moon or aninferior planet when less than halfits disk is illuminated.The Moon’s falcate form loomedabove the horizon.

falcon

faldstool

fallacious

fallacyn/ SfalEsG /La false or erroneous idea.Though Ben’s argument may seemplausible, it is pure fallacy.

fallibilityn/ TfalESbilEZG /Lliability or proneness to err.The executive pardon can be seenas a recognition of the fallibility ofour system of justice.

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fallowadj/ Sfa(T)lP /Eleft untilled or unsown afterplowing.Miriam has big plans for the patchof fallow ground in her backyard.

falsetton/ fOlSseZ(T)P /L > Itan artificially high voice.Dad draped a mop over his headand sang “Mary Had a LittleLamb” in falsetto.

falsify

familiaradj/ fESmilyE(r) /L > F > Efrequently seen or experienced.Sandy was chosen for the jobbecause she was familiar withcomputers.

famishv/ Sfamish /Edeprive of food : starve.The war will famish many peopletrapped in the besieged city.

fanaticismn/ fESnaZETsizEm /L + Ecfexcessive enthusiasm and intenseuncritical devotion usually towardsome controversial matter (asreligion, politics, or philosophy).Throughout history, politicalfanaticism has led to many violentwars.

fanchonetten/ TfanchESnet /Fan open tart covered with meringueor sometimes whipped cream.Randy ordered a lemon fanchonettefor dessert.

fandangon/ fanSdaN(T)gP /Pg? > Spa lively Spanish dance usuallyperformed by a man and womanwith castanets and in triple time.Craig and Ursula danced afandango in the high school talentcompetition.

fanfaronade

fantasizev/ SfantETsIz /Gk > L > F > E + Ecfcreate or develop imaginative andoften fantastic views, ideas, orexplanations.After Calvin was elected to thestudent council, all he ever did wasfantasize about becoming presidentof the United States.

fantoccinin pl/ TfBntESchGnG /L > Itpuppets moved by strings ormechanical devices.So many spectators stopped towatch the fantoccini that the puppetshows had to be moved to one ofthe park’s larger amphitheaters.

faradn/ SfaTrad /E namethe practical meter-kilogram-second unit of capacitance equal tothe capacitance of a capacitorbetween whose plates there appearsa potential of 1 volt when it ischarged by 1 coulomb.Todd calculated the necessarycapacitance of the insulation to beexactly 1 farad.

farcicaladj/ SfBrsDkEl /Lreceiving or meriting laughter oramused scorn as utterly withoutclaim to serious consideration or aslaughably inept.Shakespeare employs farcicalcharacters in many of his plays toprovide comic relief.

farcically

farewell

farinaceousadj/ TfarESnCshEs /Lcontaining or rich in starch.Common farinaceous foods includebread and pasta.

faro

faroucheadj/ fESrVsh /L > Flacking social graces andexperience : marked by shynessand lack of polish.As a teenager, Inez was ratherfarouche, hesitant to make eyecontact with strangers.

farraginous

farragon/ fESrB(T)gP /La confused, disordered, or irrationalassemblage (as of words or ideas).The candidate’s concession speechwas a rambling farrago thatunderscored his instability.

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farthingalen/ SfBrLDnTgCl /L > Sp > Fa support worn especially in the16th century beneath a skirt toswell out and extend it at the hipline.No lady-in-waiting at the court ofQueen Elizabeth I would have beenseen in public without afarthingale.

fascinate

fascine

fascismn/ SfaTshizEm /Lany program for setting up acentralized autocratic nationalregime with severely nationalisticpolicies exercising rigid censorshipand forcible suppression ofopposition.Given the current regime’s fascism,a coup was inevitable.

fashion

fastidious

fastishadj/ Sfastish /Erather speedy.Jane’s mutt was a fastish runnerdespite its injured leg.

fataladj/ SfCZFl /L&F > Ecausing death.The cholera had broken out in itsmost fatal form.

fathomn/ SfaLEm /Ea unit of length equal to 6 feetbased on the distance betweenfingertips of a man’s outstretchedarms and used especially formeasuring the depth of water.The fathom, once standard onBritish admiralty charts, has beenreplaced by the meter.

fatiguen/ fEStGg /Fweariness from work or exertion.Fatigue results from doing toomuch too fast.

fatuousadj/ SfachEwEs /Lmarked by want of intelligence andrational consideration.Lenny characterized Nestor’sattempts to build a perpetualmotion machine as fatuous.

faucet

faunan/ SfOnE /Lanimals in general or animal lifeespecially as distinguished fromflora.The customs agent asked Bart if hewas bringing any flora or faunainto the country.

Fauntleroyadj/ SfOntlETrOi /E literary namecharacterized by a short tailoredjacket, knee-length trousers, ratherfrilly shirt, wide collar withrounded corners, or large loosebow.Lulu’s masterpiece was a paintingof her little brother dressed in aFauntleroy costume, holding theirbasset hound by its collar.

faveolateadj/ fESvGElDt /Lhoneycombed.The tiny chapel had a faveolateceiling.

fealtyn/ SfG(E)ltG /L > F > Efaithfulness, allegiance.One by one, the nobles knelt beforethe queen and swore fealty to thecrown.

feasibilityn/ TfGzESbilEZG /L > F > Ethe capability of being done,executed, or effected.Engineers are studying thefeasibility of constructing a tunnelunder the river.

feasibleadj/ SfGzEbEl /L > F > Ecapable of being done, executed, oreffected.Because our Constitution is simpleand practical, it is feasible to meetextraordinary needs by makingchanges without loss of essentialform.

feature

febrifugaladj/ fESbrif(y)DgEl /Lmitigating or removing fever.Aspirin is well known for itsanalgesic and febrifugal properties.

febrilityn/ fDSbrilEZG /Lfeverishness.As her febrility increased, thepatient became delirious.

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fecklessadj/ SfekTlDs /Eimpractical and shiftless.Mort was worried that his longperiods of unemployment wouldmake him look feckless when heapplied for a job.

fecundadj/ SfGkEnd /Lmarked by noteworthy intellectualproductivity and inventiveness.The Renaissance was a fecund erafor the arts.

federal

fedoran/ fDSdPrE /F namea soft felt hat with a low crowncreased lengthwise and with orwithout a high roll on the side brim.Brent stepped into the spotlight andpulled his fedora low over one eye.

feign

feigned

feigningv/ fCniN /L > F > Esimulating falsely.Darla wondered if her mother wasfeigning good feelings about herdecision to marry Edgar.

feintv/ SfCnt /Fmake a pretense of.George broke his hand when heattempted to feint a punch at thewall but overshot his target.

felicific

felicitousadj/ fDSlisEZEs /Lmarked by general happiness orgood fortune.All of Rob’s college roommatesshowed up for the felicitousoccasion of his wedding.

felicityn/ fDSlisEZG /Lthe quality or state of being happy.Liberty from British rule becamemore and more necessary for thefelicity of the American colonists.

feliformadj/ SfGlETfOrm /L + Lcf > Ecfresembling a cat.Eric found a feliform stone in acave.

felonious

felsenmeern/ SfelzEnTme(E)r /Gan assemblage of rock fragmentscompletely mantling the surfaceand commonly present inmountainous regions.Our guide showed us a field offelsenmeer formed from underlyingbedrock by the action produced byfrost.

feminineadj/ SfemEnDn /Lfemale.The feminine characters wereplayed by men and the masculinecharacters were played by womenin Cornell Theatre’s production ofKing Lear.

femoraladj/ SfemErEl /L[has homonym: femerell] of,relating to, or located near thethigh.The femoral artery supplies bloodto the abdomen and lowerextremities.

fenestratedadj/ SfenETstrCZDd /Lprovided with or characterized bywindows.Symmetrically fenestrated buildingscharacterize Georgianarchitecture.

fenestration

fenneln/ SfenFl /L > Ea perennial European herbintroduced to North America andcultivated for the aromatic flavor ofits seeds.Celene often flavors her vegetableswith curry powder and fennel.

feraciousadj/ fESrCshEs /Lproducing abundantly : prolific.Sylvia decided to can some of thetomatoes from her extraordinarilyferacious plants.

feraladj/ SferEl /Llacking a human personality due tobeing reared in isolation from all ornearly all human contacts.The television executive rejectedthe idea of another series about aferal child trying to adjust tomodern culture.

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feretoryn/ SferETtPrG /Gk > La place for keeping an ornate coffinfor the relics of a saint.Every two hours the monks at theshrine of St. Dionysios in Greeceperform a prayer service and openthe feretory for viewing.

fermatan/ ferSmBZE /L > Ita prolongation at the discretion ofthe performer of a musical note,chord, or rest beyond its given timevalue.To the conductor’s consternation,Dean exaggerated each fermata.

fermeture

ferocious

ferraiolone

ferretn/ SferDt /L > F > Ea semidomesticated variety of theEuropean polecat.Carl’s ferret comes to him for areward every time he squeezes asqueaky toy.

ferrous

ferrulen/ SferEl /L > F > E[has homonym: feral] a band orcap usually of metal enclosing theend of a cane, tool handle, tableleg, or similar object to strengthenit or prevent splitting and wearing.Both the knob and the ferrule ofMr. Benson’s walking stick weremade of finely engraved silver.

ferruminatev/ fESrVmETnCt /Ljoin together (as metals) : solder.Fortunately, Tom’s dad was able toferruminate the broken parts of themetal toy.

ferventadj/ SfErvEnt /Lof great intensity; specifically :characterized by often deepintensity of feeling or expression.Natalia’s remorseful look andfervent plea for leniency did notsway the vice-principal.

fervorousadj/ SfErv(E)rEs /Lfull of intensity of feeling orexpression.The crowd couldn’t help but beswayed by Greg’s fervorousspeech.

fescue

festoon

festucineadj/ Sfest(y)ETsIn /Lof the color straw yellow.Dorothy’s blue eyes suited herfestucine hair.

feudn/ SfyVd /Gmc > F > Ea relationship of aggressivehostility : quarrel.A feud over the propertyboundaries developed between thetwo families.

fianchettov/ TfGEnScheZ(T)P /F + Itmove (a bishop) in a chess game tothe position Knight 2.The analysts correctly predictedthat Evangeline would fianchettoher bishop.

fiascon/ fGSa(T)skP /Gmc > Itan utter and often ridiculous failureespecially of an ambitious orpretentious undertaking.The attempt to distribute campaignleaflets by air turned into a fiascowhen the wind changed direction.

fibrillar

fibrillationn/ TfibrESlCshEn /Lvery rapid irregular contractions ofthe muscle fibers of the heartresulting in a lack of synchronismbetween heartbeat and pulse beat.Ventricular fibrillation is acondition in which the hearttwitches haphazardly instead ofpropelling blood forward in anorganized way.

fibrositis

fibrousadj/ SfIbrEs /Lcontaining, consisting of, or likefibers.The fibrous content of fruits andvegetables is beneficial to thedigestive system.

fichu

fictile

fiction

fictitious

fideism