Drug Name Classification Mechanism of Action

Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing Consideration

Generic Name: Ciprofloxacin

Brand Name:Cipro I.V., Cipro XR

Fluoroquinolone

Antibiotic

Kills susceptible bacteria.

Unknown. Bactericidal effects may result from inhibition of bacterial DNA gyrase and prevention of replication in susceptible bacteria.

Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to fluoroquinolones.

Use cautiously in patients with CNS disorder,such as severe cerebral arteriosclerosis or seizure disorders, and in those at increased risk for seizure. May cause CNS stimulation.

Immunocompromised patients may receive the usual dose and regimen for anthrax.

CNS: Confusion, hallucinations, headache, light-headedeness, paresthesia, restlessness, seizures, tremor.CV: thrombophlebitisGI: abdominal pain r discomfort, diarrhea, nausea, oral candidiasis, vomitingGU: crystalluria, interstitial nephritisHematologic: eosinophilia, leucopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia.Musculoskeletal: achiness, arthralgia, jint inflammation, jint or back pain, jint stiffness, neck or chest pain.Skin: photosensitivity, rash, Steven-Johnson syndrome.

Assess patient’s infection before therapy and regularly throughout.

Before giving the first dose, obtain specimen for culture and sensitivity test. Begin therapy pending results.

If adverse GI reactions occur, monitor patient’s hydration.

Tell patient to take drug 2 hours after meal and to take prescribed antacids at least 2 hours after taking drugs.

Advise patients to drink plenty of fluids to reduce risk of crystalluria.

Warn patient to

avoid hazardous tasks that require alertness, such as driving, until CNS effects of drug are known.

Advise patient to avoid caffeine while taking drug because of potential for cumulative caffeine effect.

Drug Name Classification Mechanism of Action

Contraindication Adverse Effect Nursing Consideration

Generic Name: Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)

Brand Name: Tempra, Acephen, Anacin, Genapap

-Para-aminophenol derivative

-Nonopioid analgesic, anti-pyretic

May produce analgesic effect by blocking pain impulses, by inhibiting prostaglandin or pain receptor sensitizer. May relieve fever by acting in hypothalamic heat-regulating center.

Relieves pain and reduces fever.

Contraindicated in patients hypersensitive to drug.

Use cautiously in patients with history of chronic alcohol abuse because hepatotoxicity may occur after therapeutic doses.

Hematologic: hemolytic anemia, leucopenia, pancytopenia, thrombocytopenia.

Hepatic: liver damage (with toxic doses), jaundice.

Metabolic: hypoglycemia

Skin: rash, urticaria

Assess patient’s pain or temperature before and during therapy.

Assess patient’s drug history. May OTC products and combination prescription pain products contain acetaminophen. Calculate total daily dose.

Warn patient that high doses or unsupervised long-term use can cause liver damage. Excessive alcohol use may increase risk of hepatotoxicity.

Tell patient to

keep track of daily acetaminophen intake, including OTC and prescription medications. Warn patient no to exceed total recommended dose of acetaminophen per day because of risk of hepatotoxicity.