Circulation

Source: Francis D. K. Ching – Architecture, Form, Space & Order

V.S.Pramar - Design Fundamentals

Rob Krier – Architectural Composition

CirculationCirculation

refers to

Principal external and internal movements

of

persons, vehicles, goods and services in and around a building

Movement

depends on Purpose of building Individual mass and space arrangement

Building Approaches - FrontalLeads directly to a building’s entrance along a straight pathVisual goal is clear which can be an entrance or a front facade

Building Approaches - ObliqueEnhances the effect of perspective on a building’s front facadePath can be redirected once or twice to delay and prolong the sequenceBuilding entrance needs to project beyond its façade to be clearly visible

Building Approaches - Spiral Prolongs the sequence of approach Emphasizes the 3 dimensional form of the buildingBuilding entrance can be exposed t the viewer according to the function

Building Entrances

Act of penetrating a vertical plane that distinguishes one space from another Separates ‘here’ and ‘there’

Act of penetrationSubtle to clear articulationImplied than a real plane

Accommodated by an opening in the plane of the wall Form can range from a simple hole to an elaborate articulated gateway

Building Entrances

Entrance is best signified by establishing a real or implied plane perpendicular to the path of approach

Building EntranceFlush ProjectedRecessed

Relating the form of entrance to space enteredConformContrast

Configuration of Path

Linear - Primary Organizing element Endless possibilities

Radial - Central, Common point Extension or termination

Spiral - Single continuous path that originates from a central point, revolves around and increasingly becomes distant from it

Grid – 2 sets of parallel or perpendicular paths that intersect

Network – Random paths that connect established points in space