circulatory system notes · circulatory system functions blue = veins which carry deoxygenated...
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Circulatory System NotesBiology - Mrs. Spinale/Kaye
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The Circulatory System
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Circulatory System Functions
● Blue = veins which carry deoxygenated blood to the heart and lungs.
● Red = arteries which carry oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body.
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Circulatory System Functions
● Carries food and nutrients such as glucose to the digestive system.
● Carries CO2 and O2 gases to and from the lungs.
● Carries waste to and from the kidneys.
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Arteries
● Thick-walled and muscular.● Carry blood to the lungs and all over
the body.● Carries blood away from the heart.● Blood flows with high pressure.
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Arteries
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Arterial Damage
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Veins
● Carry blood toward the heart.
● Valves prevent backflow.
● Not as muscular as arteries.
● Blood flows with low pressure.
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Varicose Veins
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Capillaries
● Very small tubes that connect veins and arteries.
● Thin walls exchange CO2 and O2, and water and solutes with cells.
● Small size keeps blood moving slow to allow for the exchange.
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Capillaries
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Blood and Its Components
● Plasma (fluid)● Red blood cells carry
oxygen.● White blood cells
fight disease.● Platelets create
clots.
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The Heart
● The heart is a pump.● It has four chambers.
○ The upper chambers are called the Right and Left Atrium.
○ The lower chambers are called the Right and Left Ventricles.
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The Heart
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Path of Blood Flow through the Heart
● 1. Into the heart from the superior and inferior vena cava.
● 2. Into the right atrium.
● 3. Into the right ventricle.
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Path of Blood Flow through the Heart
● 4. Out to the lungs through the pulmonary artery.
● 5. Back into the heart through the left atrium.
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Path of Blood Flow through the Heart
● 6. Into the left ventricle.
● 7. Out to the rest of the body through the aorta.
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Where Does the Blood Go?
● Deoxygenated blood goes to the heart.○ It is pumped to the
lungs where CO2 is unloaded and O2 is loaded into the blood.
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Where Does the Blood Go?
● Oxygenated blood flows into the heart and is pumped to the rest of the body.
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What Happens in the Lungs?
● CO2 is released and O2 is taken in as the alveoli is in contact with the veins and arteries.
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What Happens in the Lungs?
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The Exchange of Goods
● Everything that the blood transports and exchanges is based on many different concentration gradients.
● Dissolved gases, nutrients, water, and other solutes diffuse from high concentration to low concentration.