citizen science architecture: a standards based approach
TRANSCRIPT
®
OGC
Citizen Observatories:A Standards Based
Architecture
Dr. Ingo SimonisDirector, Interoperability Programs & Science, OGC
May 2015
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium
OGC®
Considerations
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 2
Cost efficient
OGC®
Considerations
3
Research efficient
OGC®
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State of the Art
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 5
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Geonovum HeronViewer showing components with time series values
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 9
52North JS-SensorWeb-Client
OGC®
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app made with SOS-JS by British Antarctic Survey (Map)
OGC®
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app made with SOS-JS by British Antarctic Survey (Map)
OGC®
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State of the Art
OGC®
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citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 16
citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 17
Hypermedia
HTTP
URI
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 18
citizen COBWEB
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 19
COBWEBcitizen
Hypermedia
HTTP
URI
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 20
citizen COBWEB
POX over HTTP
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 21
citizen COBWEB
<Observation> <id>Citizen1</ID> <val>23.2</val></Observation>
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 22
citizen COBWEB
POST /Insert HTTP/1.1Content-Type: application/xmlHost: ingos-server.comContent-Length: 48
<Observation> <id>Citizen1</ID> <val>23.2</val></Observation>
HTTP/1.1 200 OKContent-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 28Server: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0
Date: Sun, 10 May 2015 17:13:45
<ObservationConfirmation> <id>obs23764523</id>
</ObservationConfirmation>
OGC®
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citizen COBWEB
POX tunneling over HTTP
+ Lightweight+ Easy to implement+ Universally
interoperable+ Firewall friendly+ Single URI
- Ignores the Web platform
- HTTP verbs barely used- Reliability and
scalability?- Extend to many
receivers?
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 24
COBWEBcitizen
Hypermedia
HTTP
URI
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 25
citizen COBWEB
resources
CRUDservices
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 26
citizen COBWEB
Think in resourcesUse proper HTTP verbs
POST
GET
PUT
DELETE
/obs
/obs/{id}
/obs/{id}
/obs/{id}
create new observation
request current state
update observation
delete observation
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 27
citizen COBWEB
POST /obs HTTP/1.1Host: ingos-server.comContent-Type: application/xmlContent-Length: 48
<Observation> <id>Citizen1</ID> <val>23.2</val></Observation>
HTTP/1.1 200 OKContent-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 28Date: Sun, 10 May 2015 17:34:11
<Observation> <id>obs237</ID></Observation>
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 28
citizen COBWEB
GET /obs/obs237 HTTP/1.1Host: ingos-server.com
HTTP/1.1 200 OKContent-Type: application/xml
Content-Length: 28Date: Sun, 10 May 2015 17:13:45
<Observation> <id>Citizen1</ID> <val>23.2</val></Observation>
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 29
citizen COBWEB
PUT /obs/obs237 HTTP/1.1Host: ingos-server.comContent-Type: application/xmlContent-Length: 48
<Observation> <id>Citizen1</ID> <val>18.6</val></Observation>
HTTP/1.1 204 No ContentDate: Sun, 10 May 2015 17:56:45
OGC®
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citizen COBWEB
DELETE /obs/obs237 HTTP/1.1Host: ingos-server.com
HTTP/1.1 204 No ContentDate: Sun, 10 May 2015 17:58:45
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 31
Hypermedia
HTTP
URI
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 32
citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 33
citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
POST /obs HTTP1.1…
HTTP1.1200 OK
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 34
citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
POST /obs HTTP1.1…
HTTP1.1 200 OK…
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 35
citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
POST /obs HTTP1.1…
Link t
oHTTP1.1 200 OK…
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 36
Hypermedia
HTTP
URI
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 37
citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
POST /obs HTTP1.1…
Link t
o Link to
GET/obs/3 HTTP1.1…
HTTP1.1 200 OK…
Link toHTTP1.1 200 OK…
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 38
Hypermedia
HTTP
URI
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 39
Hypermedia with semantic mark up
HTTP
URI
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 40
Hypermedia with semantic mark up:
Raw observation
<Observation> <id>Citizen1</ID> <val>18.6</val></Observation><Campaign>…
Corrected observation
<Observation> <id>Citizen1</ID> <cp>fgr7</cp> <val>18.2</val></Observation><RawObservation>…Sampling campaign
<CampaignID>c2<..> <observation> … </..> <observation> … </..> …</CampaignID>c2<..>
Link to
Link to
Link to
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 41
Hypermedia with semantic mark up: DAP
Raw observation
<Observation> <id>Citizen1</ID> <val>18.6</val></Observation><Campaign>…
Corrected observation
<Observation> <id>Citizen1</ID> <cp>fgr7</cp> <val>18.2</val></Observation><RawObservation>…Sampling campaign
<CampaignID>c2<..> <observation> … </..> <observation> … </..> …</CampaignID>c2<..>
Link to
Link to
Link to
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 42
DAP: Domain Application Protocol
Raw observation
<Observation> <id>Citizen1</ID> <val>18.6</val></Observation><Campaign>…
Corrected observation
<Observation> <id>Citizen1</ID> <cp>fgr7</cp> <val>18.2</val></Observation><RawObservation>…Sampling campaign
<CampaignID>c2<..> <observation> … </..> <observation> … </..> …</CampaignID>c2<..>
Link to
Link to
Link to
• URI structure becomes irrelevant
• Links from one resources to the
other are part of the resources;
decreases coupling
• Protocol information just-in-time
OGC®
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OGC®
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Human Web
• embedded links
• href=“http://…”
Cart
Computer-to-Computer
• annotations
(hypermedia
controls)
• micro formats or
Semantic Web
technologies
OGC®
Forms as hypermedia controls
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 45
Value: 25.7Unit: deg Celsius
Submit
POST /obs HTTP/1.1Host: ingos-server.comContent-Type: application/xmlContent-Length: 48
<Observation> <id>ingo</ID> <val>25.7</val> <uom>degCelsius</uom></Observation>
Plain XML
OGC®
POST /obs HTTP/1.1Host: ingos-server.comContent-Type: application/xmlContent-Length: 48
<Observation> <id>ingo</ID> <val>25.7</val> <uom>degCelsius</uom></Observation>
Forms as hypermedia controls
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 46
Value: 25.7Unit: deg Celsius
Submit
GET /obs/o237 HTTP/1.1Host: ingos-server.com
<Observation> <id>o237</ID> <citizen>ingo</citizen> <val>25.7</val> <uom>degCelsius</uom> <status>raw</status> <link rel=“http://cobweb.org/campaign” campaign>http://i.org/campaigns/c2</campaign> <link rel=“http://cobweb.org/citizen” citizen>http://i.org/citizens/ingo</citizen></Observation>
XML with hypermedia link
OGC®
Media Types and Domain Application Protocols
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 47
HTTP/1.1 200 OKContent-Type: application/vnd.cobweb+xml
<Observation> <id>o237</ID> <citizen>ingo</citizen> <val>25.7</val> <uom>degCelsius</uom> <status>raw</status> <link rel=“http://cobweb.org/campaign” campaign>http://i.org/campaigns/c2</campaign> <link rel=“http://cobweb.org/citizen” citizen>http://i.org/citizens/ingo</citizen></Observation> XML with
hypermedia link and media type
OGC®
Media Types and Domain Application Protocols
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 48
HTTP/1.1 200 OKContent-Type: application/vnd.cobweb+xml
<Observation> <id>o237</ID> <citizen>ingo</citizen> <val>25.7</val> <uom>degCelsius</uom> <status>raw</status> <link rel=“http://cobweb.org/campaign” campaign>http://i.org/campaigns/c2</campaign> <link rel=“http://cobweb.org/citizen” citizen>http://i.org/citizens/ingo</citizen></Observation>
how to process this data
(needs to be developed)
XML with hypermedia link and media type
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 49
citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
OGC®
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citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
Syndication
OGC®
Citizen Science: A Syndication Model
Atom: Feeds (lists) with time-stamped entries
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 51
OGC®
Citizen Science: A Syndication Model
• Atom Publishing Protocol: – Syndication content: observations
to consumers– Representing document-like
structures: observation model– Meta-data rich lists of resources:
observation provenance– Adding metadata to existing
resource representations• incl. attach hypermedia links
– Creating directories of non-hypermedia content• e.g. binary data
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OGC®
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citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
OGC®
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citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
OGC®
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citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
raw QA log
OGC®
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citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
raw QA log
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 57
citizen
scientist
consumer
COBWEB
raw QA log
OGC®
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OGC®
GeoSynchronization Service (GSS)
Replication
Channel
Change Channel
Resolution
Channel
GSS IN ACTION
Collector Submits Change
Request
1 5
Collector notified of disposition of proposed change(s)
2
Reviewer is notified
of pending Change
proposals
3
Reviewer Approves or Rejects the proposed changes
4Approved changes are applied to features via OGC WFS-T
OGC WFS-T OGC WFS-T
Geographic features accessible via WFS
OGC WFS-T
6
GSS notifies Subscribers of changes to features (i.e. Transactions)
Collector Reviewer
Subscriber
Also known as a “Data Publisher” or “The Crowd”
Collector reads features from a WFS and proposes changes to those features. This may include proposing creation of new features.
59slide by Peter Vretanos
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Geopackage
creation
Geopackage
usage
GSS
SOSWFS
SOSWFS
SOS, WFS, WCS, WMS
OGC®
© 2015 Open Geospatial Consortium 63
JaxB, Jersey, Rome
Observation profile
Sensor profile
OGC®
ARCHITECTURE DETAILSCOBWEB Standards Based
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