city of kingston biodiversity · appendix 3. flora of the city of kingston 37 appendix 4. national...

C I T Y O F K I N G S T O N

BiodiversityStrategy 2007-2012

For further information on this strategy phone the City of Kingston on 1300 653 356 or visit: www.kingston.vic.gov.au

C I T Y O F K I N G S T O N | Biodiversity Strategy 2007-2012 1

Table of Contents

Acknowledgements 2

Message from the City of Kingston 3

Introduction 4

What is Biodiversity?Why prepare a Biodiversity Strategy?Strategy Outcomes

555

Kingston’s Biodiversity Strategy 6

GoalStrategic Objectives

66

Policy Context 7

International AgreementsNational legislation, policies and programsVictorian legislation, policies and programsRegional legislation, policies and programsLocal strategies, polices and plansBiodiversity Strategies – other CouncilsNon-government organizationsLocal community groups

77899

101010

City of Kingston Policies and Plans 11

Council Plan 2007 - 2012Municipal Strategic StatementKingston Planning SchemeOpen Space Policy and Plan (2000)Street Tree Management PlanLocal Action Plan to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions (2006)Kingston Sustainable Water Use Plan (2006)Stormwater Quality Management Plan (2000)Natural Resource Area Management PlansKingston Foreshore Strategy (1999)Kingston Foreshore Waterways Landscape Guidelines (2002)

1112121212

121213131313

Non-Council Projects 14

Edithvale-Seaford Wetlands (Melbourne Water)Braeside Park Management Plan (Parks Victoria)Living Links (Port Phillip and Westernport CMA)Waterways Development

15151515

Current Council Programs and Actions 16

Corporate Environment ProgramFriends Groups and Community ActivitiesGrowing the Foreshore’s Future ProgramStormwater ProgramsParks and Reserves Revegetation ProgramsWeed and Pest Animal Management Programs

161616161717

1

Profile of Kingston’s Biodiversity 18

Pre European SettlementImportant Remaining RemnantsCurrent Situation

191921

Issues and Opportunities for Biodiversity Conservation

26

IssuesOpportunities

2727

Action Plan 28

Funding Options 32

Indicators and Targets 33

Monitoring, Reporting, Review and Evaluation 34

Environmental CriteriaSocial CriteriaEconomic Criteria

343434

Appendix 1. City of Kingston Reserves 35

Appendix 2. City of Kingston Reserves 36

Appendix 3. Flora of the City of Kingston 37

Appendix 4. National and State significant flora of the City of Kingston

49

Appendix 5. Fauna of the City of Kingston 50

Appendix 6. National and State significant fauna of the City of Kingston

58

References 60

List of Figures

Figure 1. Flora Conservation Status DefinitionsFigure 2. Fauna Conservation Status DefinitionsFigure 3. Flora of Kingston StatusFigure 4. Ecological Vegetation Classes of KingstonFigure 5. Fauna of Kingston StatusFigure 6. Resident Fauna of KingstonFigure 7. Transient Fauna of KingstonFigure 8. Action PlanFigure 9. Indicators and Targets

212223232425252933

List of Tables

Table 1. Flora of Kingston 23

Table 2. Ecological Vegetation Classes of Kingston 23

Table 3. Fauna of Kingston 24

2

The development of this strategy has involved many people, some of whom who have kindly volunteered their time. The following people are gratefully acknowledged for their contribution:

Biodiversity Information NightRodney Van Der Ree Australian Research Council for

Urban Ecology Shane Scanlon Port Phillip and Westernport

Catchment Management Authority

Community Reference GroupShirley Diez Department of Sustainability and

EnvironmentDes Lucas Parks VictoriaWill Steele Melbourne WaterCaroline O’Donnell Kingston Foreshore Reference GroupGeoffrey Heard Kingston Conservation and

Environment CoalitionMary Rimington Mordialloc Beaumaris Conservation

LeagueTheresa Battaglia Friends of the GrangeJoyce Stewart Friends off Edithvale/Seaford WetlandsSally Baker Mentone/Parkdale Village CommitteeDavid Catchpool Clarinda/Oakleigh South Village

CommitteeBob Chappell Cheltenham Village CommitteeJudy Fields Mordialloc Village CommitteeMaria Reiter Chelsea/Chelsea Heights/Bonbeach Village CommitteeLes Williams Aspendale/Edithvale/Aspendale

Gardens Village CommitteePat King Patterson Lakes/Carrum Village

CommitteeDoug Reeve Clayton South Village CommitteePaul Baumgartner Dingley/Heatherton Village CommitteeClive Lynch Moorabbin/Highett Village Committee

Project Working GroupMark Juler City of Kingston Rebecca Cohen City of Kingston Tony Collins City of Kingston Belinda Ainley Ainley Projects Kate Lapthorne Ainley Projects Jeff Yugovic Biosis Research

Expert WorkshopJeff Yugovic Biosis Research Daniel Gilmore Biosis Research Tony Collins City of Kingston Damien Cook Australian Ecosystems David Bainbridge Practical Ecology Belinda Ainley Ainley Projects This Strategy was prepared for the Environment Department of City of Kingston with the assistance of:

Ainley ProjectsPO Box 499, Black Rock, Victoria 3193Telephone: (03) 9584 8178Fax: (03) 9584 0687Email: [email protected]

Biosis ResearchNatural & Cultural Heritage Consultants38 Bertie Street, PO Box 489, Port Melbourne Victoria 3207Telephone: (03) 9646 9499

About KingstonThe City of Kingston, located just 20 kilometres south of central Melbourne, is renowned for its magnificent foreshore, tranquil natural wetlands and remnant bushland. Kingston has a diverse population or around 139,000 people and includes the suburbs of Aspendale, Aspendale Gardens, Bonbeach, Braeside, Carrum, Chelsea, Chelsea Heights, Cheltenham, Clarinda, Clayton South, Dingley Village, Edithvale, Heatherton, Highett, Mentone, Moorabbin, Mordialloc, Oakleigh South, Parkdale, Patterson Lakes and Waterways.

Acknowledgements


The City of Kingston is pleased to present its Biodiversity Strategy 2007-2012. This key document outlines how Council is going to protect the wonderful natural assets in our municipality, to ensure they are preserved for future generations to enjoy.

Kingston is fortunate to have a diverse range of biodiversity including a variety of wetlands, the Port Phillip Bay coastline and significant areas of open space.

As part of Council’s commitment to protecting and enhancing these assets, a Project Working Group and a Community Reference Panel were formed to develop this Biodiversity Strategy. Council thanks members of both of these groups for their tremendous input and contribution into this comprehensive document.

We also thank consultants, Ainley Projects and Biosis Research who worked with the Project Working Group and the Community Reference Panel to produce the strategy.

About the StrategyThe City of Kingston Biodiversity Strategy sets out goals and strategic objectives for protecting and preserving our biodiversity. It also takes the next step by incorporating an action plan to be implemented over time to ensure these goals and objectives are met.

Another significant aspect of the strategy is education. Through the strategy we aim to increase our residents’ awareness, appreciation and understanding of biodiversity, and encourage them to actively participate in managing biodiversity in their local community.

It is also important for people to realise that this strategy is not only about reducing the negative impact on biodiversity within Kingston, but also the negative impact that occurs beyond our municipality’s boundaries.

In recent years Council has been concerned that some of Kingston’s unique natural assets have been under constant pressure and some local indigenous flora, fauna and vegetation communities have already been lost.

However there are still many areas that are surviving and others that can be restored. This strategy provides the direction to help us to preserve these areas and introduce broader biodiversity initiatives across the Kingston municipality and beyond.

The City of Kingston commends this strategy to the community and reminds us all that everyone has a role to play when it comes to protecting our precious environment!

Message from the City of Kingston

4

Introduction


What is Biodiversity?The term biodiversity refers to the variety of life: different plants, animals and micro-organisms, the genes they contain, and the communities and ecosystems they form a part of (Victorian Government 1997).

Biodiversity is fundamental to ecological sustainability and provides ecosystems with resilience and adaptability. It is essential to our quality of life as it contributes to essential ecological processes that provide clean air, clean water and fertile soils. Open space, where most biodiversity can be found, is also important for the health benefits it provides, as well as its contribution to our quality of life.

Sometimes habitat diversity (the variety of places where organisms live) and genetic diversity (the variety of traits expressed within a species) are also considered types of biodiversity. The more diverse a habitat, the better chance it has of surviving a change or threat to it, because it is more likely to be able to make a balancing adjustment. Habitats with little biodiversity are therefore more vulnerable to change.

Why prepare a Biodiversity Strategy?The loss of native biodiversity was recognised in the first national State of the Environment Report in 1996 as Australia’s most important environmental problem.

There are a number of international conventions and agreements relating to the protection of biodiversity, as well as national and state legislation and strategies. Local Governments are also adopting strategic plans aimed at conserving their biodiversity. This Strategy includes:

Goals and strategic objectives for preserving Kingston’s •biodiversity;

A summary of International agreements, National and •Victorian legislation, policy and programs, Local Government responsibilities, and relevant policies and plans of the City of Kingston;

A profile of Kingston’s biodiversity; •

An outline of Kingston’s current programs and actions •to date;

Issues and opportunities available for the preservation •of Kingston’s biodiversity;

An Action Plan to be implemented over time; •

Funding options; •

A method of monitoring and reporting; and •

Evaluation of social, economic and environmental •outcomes of this Strategy.

Strategy Outcomes Identification, protection and management of remnant •indigenous vegetation, sites of significant habitat and other significant vegetation;

A reduction in the negative impact on biodiversity within •Kingston’s boundaries and the negative impact outside the municipality caused from activities occurring within Kingston;

Increased awareness, appreciation and understanding of •biodiversity and participation in biodiversity management within the local community; and

Partnerships with neighbouring municipalities and other •land managers and stakeholders to enhance and protect biodiversity.

Biodiversity is fundamental to ecological sustainability and provides ecosystems with resilience and adaptability.

6

The City of Kingston is committed to maintaining, and where possible, improving biodiversity within the municipality. Kingston has a diverse range of natural assets including wetlands, Port Phillip Bay coastline and significant areas of open space.

This strategy focuses on Council’s actions to maintain and enhance biodiversity, while also recognising the role of residents, developers, public and private sector land managers and other agencies. It recognises that many issues associated with biodiversity extend beyond the boundary of the municipality, and therefore encourages co-operative partnerships with neighbouring municipalities and regional groups.

This strategy will be considered, along with other relevant strategies and documents, when Council makes decisions relating to biodiversity.

GoalThe overall goal of this strategy is to protect and enhance local biodiversity across the City of Kingston and to appropriately support all wider biodiversity initiatives.

Strategic Objectives Identify, protect and manage remnant indigenous 1. vegetation. Identify, protect and enhance sites of habitat significance 2. and other significant vegetation. Undertake and encourage re-vegetation using local 3. indigenous species. Reduce negative impacts on biodiversity within and 4. beyond Kingston’s boundaries that arise from activities within the municipality. Increase the local communities’ awareness, appreciation 5. and understanding of biodiversity, and create opportunities for participation in biodiversity management. Work in partnership with neighbouring municipalities and 6. other land managers and stakeholders to enhance and protect biodiversity.

This strategy focuses on terrestrial areas of the City of Kingston and terrestrial biodiversity. It is acknowledged that terrestrial biodiversity is connected to aquatic and marine biodiversity, however, these aspects are not addressed within this strategy.

Climate change and global warming is not specifically addressed in this strategy, however, it is recognised and acknowledged that climate change and global warming are issues affecting the global environment and biodiversity. Further information on global warming should be considered in conjunction with this strategy as the information becomes available.

Kingston’s Biodiversity Strategy


There are a number of International, Commonwealth and State agreements, laws and strategies that affect the management of biodiversity in the City of Kingston. Management of biodiversity in Kingston should recognise, support and be consistent with these initiatives, and where applicable work within already established strategic frameworks. There are also several non-government biodiversity programs that should be recognised and considered in the management of biodiversity.

International agreementsAustralia is signatory to the International Convention on Biological Diversity (1992), which aims to halt the global loss of biodiversity and ensure the sustainable use of the environment.

The habitat of birds that migrate annually between Australia and both China and Japan are protected under the China-Australia Migratory Bird Agreement (1986) and the Japan- Australia Migratory Bird Agreement (1974) (CAMBA-JAMBA).

Wetlands of Port Phillip Bay, including the Edithvale and Seaford wetlands located in Kingston, are listed under the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands of International Importance (1971).

National legislation, policies and programsThe Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act (1999) established the process for listing and protecting threatened species. It requires the assessment and approval of any proposed action that is likely to have a significant impact on a matter of national environmental significance. These matters include nationally threatened species and communities, as well as migratory species and Ramsar wetlands.

Australia became a signatory to the Convention on Wetlands when it was signed in Ramsar, Iran, in 1971. Ramsar’s broad aims are to halt the worldwide loss of wetlands and to conserve, through wise use and management, those that remain. The Edithvale-Seaford Wetlands is a Ramsar site.

The National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia’s Biological Diversity (1996) provides a framework for Commonwealth and State Government biodiversity protection activities.

The National Biodiversity and Climate Change Action Plan 2004 – 2007 aims to:

Identify priority areas for research and monitoring and •improve understanding of potential climate change impacts and biodiversity to a point where specific strategies can be developed.

Policy Context

8

Use existing knowledge about the impacts of climate change •and draw from ecological principles to review and amend current biodiversity conservation policies and strategies.

Improve communication about the impacts of climate •change on biodiversity between researchers, resource managers and decision makers.

Raise community awareness of the potentially significant and •specific impacts of climate change on biodiversity.

In 1997, the Commonwealth, State and Territory Governments committed to reversing the long-term decline in the quality and extent of Australia’s native vegetation through the Natural Heritage Trust. The National Framework for the Management and Monitoring of Australia’s Native Vegetation (1999) identifies a role for Local Government.

The Natural Heritage Trust is administered by the Commonwealth to fund works by communities, conservation groups and Local Government. Such works include, but are not limited to, the protection of remnant and threatened species, re-vegetation and the Waterwatch program.

The Australian State of the Environment Report (2006) reports that biodiversity continues to be in serious decline in many parts of Australia. It identifies the threats to biodiversity as being land clearing, changed fire regimes, grazing pressure, weeds and feral animals, and changes to the aquatic environment.

Victorian legislation, policies and programsThe Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act (1988) sets out Action Statements for threatened flora and fauna and potentially threatening processes listed under the Act. It provides a legal framework for the protection of Victoria’s native plants and animals and ecological communities. The Act requires all public authorities to be administered so as to have regard to flora and fauna conservation objectives.

Victoria’s Biodiversity Strategy (1997) represents a national benchmark for biodiversity conservation and management. It encourages Victorians to better understand and appreciate our rich and diverse flora and fauna and ecosystems, and to take an active part in their conservation and management for future generations. Individuals, community groups, industry, and government agencies all have a vital role to play. The strategy also forms a key step in the Flora and Fauna Guarantee

program. It shows how to achieve the Act's objectives of conserving native species, communities and gene pools, preventing threats and encouraging community involvement.

Victoria’s Native Vegetation Management – A Framework for Action (2002) establishes the strategic direction for the protection, enhancement and revegetation of native vegetation across the State. The framework includes a set of tools for estimating general vegetation and habitat quality, and a proposed accounting system to implement the concept of ’Net Gain’. Net Gain refers to a reversal, across the landscape, of the long-term decline in the extent and quality of native vegetation. Local Government is responsible for applying the concept of Net Gain when considering development applications that may involve native vegetation clearance.

The Victorian Weed Strategy (1999) provides information on the management of all types of weeds including declared and undeclared agricultural, environmental, terrestrial and aquatic weeds. One of the guiding principles of the weed strategy is based on weed management being essential in the protection of native vegetation.

In the Port Phillip region, ecological vegetation class (EVC) mapping and Sites of Biodiversity Significance (BioSites) mapping have been undertaken by the Department of Sustainability and Environment (DSE).

Biodiversity Action Planning has been undertaken by the DSE and identifies where the most significant biodiversity assets are within a bioregion. It aims to focus conservation actions on the maintenance and restoration of ecosystems at these sites. The City of Kingston is in the Gippsland Plains bioregion. The Biodiversity Action Plan for this region is available from DSE. The following priorities from this action plan are relevant to Kingston:

The protection of grasslands and grassy woodlands; •

The identification of sites of biological significance in •conjunction with Local Government and landholders, and use of this information in local planning schemes;

Focusing of management efforts on depleted ecological •vegetation classes with an emphasis on sites with the best possibilities of long-term viability and cost-effectiveness;

Support for the activities of Friends’ groups in urban areas to •actively manage sites on a priority basis, particularly along the coast; and

The minimisation of the impacts of pets on native fauna •by raising awareness and encouraging responsible pet management.

The Draft Victorian Coastal Strategy (2007) and the Coastal Management Act (1995) provide a shared vision to guide decision making on the coast. The strategy sets out four principles for coastal planning and management which all relate in some way to biodiversity on the coast.

Victoria’s Biodiversity Strategy (1997) represents a national benchmark for biodiversity conservation and management.


The principles outlined in The Draft Victorian Coastal Strategy (2007) include:

Protection of significant environmental and cultural features; •

Give clear direction for the future; •

Sustainable use of natural coastal resources; and •

Suitable development on the coast. •

Melbourne 2030 (2003) was established by the Victorian Government as a 30-year plan to manage growth and change across metropolitan Melbourne and the surrounding region. It articulates this through a set of principles and nine key directions. Melbourne 2030 provides a framework for governments at all levels to respond to the diverse needs of those who live and work in and near Melbourne, and those who visit. The main focus is to continue to protect the livability of the established areas and to increasingly concentrate major change in strategic redevelopment sites such as activity centres and underdeveloped land to prevent urban expansion into surrounding rural land. Economic, social and environmental matters are integral to Melbourne 2030 and it gives a high-level overview of the directions metropolitan Melbourne is expected to take.

Regional legislation, policies and programsA Regional Catchment Strategy (RCS) is required under the Catchment and Land Protection Act (1994). This requires the Port Phillip and Westernport Catchment Management Authority (CMA) to co-ordinate the preparation of a document addressing land, water and biodiversity issues. The first RCS was launched in 1999, and the 2004-2009 version is available from the CMA.

The Port Phillip and Westernport Catchment Management Authority (CMA) have also prepared a Native Vegetation Plan (2006). The plan assists in the implementation of Victoria’s Biodiversity Strategy by aiming to achieve a net gain in the extent and quality of native vegetation in this region and across Victoria. It identifies four strategic directions:

Retain the quantity of native vegetation by minimising •clearing.

Protect native vegetation with reservation and •management agreements.

Maintain and improve the quality of native vegetation. •

Increase the quantity of native vegetation. •

Local strategies, polices and plansLocal Government has a number of core functions that have a direct impact on native vegetation and biodiversity, including land use planning, granting development approvals, managing land, and managing environmental risks. Local Government leads by its action, and is also able to facilitate community

involvement, establish local laws, operate grant and incentive programs, and provide support to encourage biodiversity conservation.

Under the Planning and Environment Act (1987), local governments have the responsibility for the control of land use and planning within their municipalities. The State Planning Policy Framework requires planning authorities to have regard to Victoria’s Biodiversity Strategy and other instruments made under the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act (1988), as well as approved regional vegetation plans, when reviewing Municipal Strategic Statements and amending planning schemes. There are various tools under the planning scheme that can be used for further biodiversity conservation.

Under the Domestic (Feral and Nuisance) Animals Act & Regulations (1994), councils have powers to control dogs and cats. The purposes of the Act are to promote animal welfare, responsible ownership of dogs and cats, and protection of the environment.

In 1998, the National General Assembly of Local Government adopted the National Local Government Biodiversity Strategy. The strategy assists Local Government to be a key partner in biodiversity conservation and encourages commitment to, and the development of, biodiversity policies by councils. The strategy’s central aim is for biodiversity management to be a core function of local governments, subject to adequate funding and resources.

There is currently no requirement for state of the environment reporting in Victoria; however Kingston produced a State of the Environment Report in 1996.

Melbourne Water, a land manager within the City of Kingston, is in the process of developing a biodiversity strategy and has recently released a draft strategy.

10

Biodiversity strategies of other councilsAs the importance of preserving biodiversity is realised, more local councils are producing biodiversity strategies. Councils of note in Victoria are:

City of Greater Geelong • (Biodiversity Management Strategy)

Latrobe City • (Environment Strategy: Planning for Latrobe City’s Biodiversity and Native Vegetation 2002)

City of Monash • (Monash Conservation and Environment Strategy 2002)

Surf Coast Shire • (Biodiversity Incentives Program 2000)

City of Boroondara • (Biodiversity Strategy 2003)

Non-government organisationsEnvirons Australia, a local government environment network, has been involved in a number of local government capacity-building projects for biodiversity conservation, including a Biodiversity Planning Guide for Local Government (2000), and currently an interactive web-based Local Government Biodiversity Toolbox (http://www.ea.gov.au/biodiversity/toolbox/index.html).Greening Australia works with individual landholders, community groups and governments to help protect biodiversity. Greening Australia (Victoria) coordinates the Environment Industry Training Program.

The Trust for Nature has covenanting and land purchase programs to protect conservation values on private land in Victoria.

The Threatened Species Network is a joint program of the World Wide Fund for Nature and the Natural Heritage Trust. The Threatened Species Network supports communities to undertake species conservation through developing communication between interest groups, initiating and facilitating on-ground conservation projects, providing education and resources, and supplying funding through community grants.

Birds Australia works to conserve native birds of Australia through the study and management of birds and their habitats, as well as education and involvement of the community. Birds Australia runs numerous programs such as the Atlas of Australian Birds, which collects and analyses data on the distribution and abundance of birds across the nation and the Threatened Bird Network, which encourages community participation in conservation tasks for threatened birds.

Local community groupsKingston is home to numerous community groups active in protecting the environment. These groups include:

Friends of Edithvale - Seaford Wetlands •

Friends of Mordialloc Creek •

Friends of The Grange •

Friends of Bradshaw Park •

Friends of Heatherton Park •

Friends of Rowan Woodland •

Friends of Braeside Park •

Friends of Karkarook Park •

Friends of Bonbeach Foreshore •

Friends of Edithvale Foreshore •

Friends of Carrum Foreshore •

Friends of Mentone Cliff Tops •

Friends of Kingston Heath •

Friends of Heights Park •

Friends of Epsom Grasslands •

Friends of Yammabook •

Kingston Foreshore Reference Group •

Carrum Residents Action Group and Indigenous Nursery •

Mordialloc Beaumaris Conservation League •

Kingston Conservation and Environment Coalition •

Mordialloc Lions Club •

Northcliffe Lodge Aged Care Facility • These groups work on a variety of activities and projects including:

Propagation of and revegetation with indigenous species; •

Seed collection and plant propagation; •

Weed control and removal; •

Erosion prevention and remediation; •

Clean ups; •

Community education; and •

Water quality monitoring. •

The City of Kingston is home to a broad range of community groups working actively to protect the environment.


Council Plan 2007 - 2012The Council Plan 2007 - 2012 is Council’s primary strategic planning document. In the plan Outcome Two is identified as:

“ A sustainable environment that enhances the appeal and quality of life in Kingston”

Objectives under this goal include:2.1 Ensure land use planning strategies holistically address

environmental sustainability, population growth, neighborhood character and Melbourne 2030 key directions;

2.2 Seek to protect and maintain Kingston’s diverse environment, culture and heritage; and

2.3 Promote environmentally sustainable practices.

A key indicator is the status of existing biodiversity.

Other Council strategies and documents that play a role in the conservation of biodiversity are:

Municipal Strategic Statement •

Kingston Planning Scheme •

Open Space Policy and Plan •

Street Tree Management Plan •

Local Action Plan to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions •

Sustainable Water Use Plan •

Stormwater Quality Management Plan •

Natural Resource Area Management Plans and related •documents

Kingston Foreshore Strategy •

Kingston Foreshore and Waterways Landscape Guidelines •

Non-council strategies and documents that play a role in biodiversity include:

Edithvale - Seaford Wetlands Management Plan •

Braeside Park Management Plan •

Dandenong Living Links Project •

City of Kingston Policies and Plans

12

Municipal Strategic StatementThe Kingston Municipal Strategic Statement (MSS) embodies the objectives of Council and the community for the future strategic development of land use planning of the municipality. The MSS outlines key environmental, social and economic issues, and core objectives and key strategies relating to planning for, and use of resources. It gives guidance in relation to the strategic directions of Council. This is currently under review with a draft recently developed.

Kingston Planning SchemeKingston is required to follow State Policy Planning Framework when considering applications for a wide range of developments and other issues, both on private and public land. This requires Council to assist in:

‘the protection and conservation of biodiversity, including •native vegetation retention and provision of habitats for native plants and animals and control of pest plants and animals’;

‘creation of a diverse and integrated network of public open •space commensurate with the needs of urban communities’; and

‘the conservation of places that have natural, environmental, •aesthetic, historic, cultural, scientific or social significance or other special value for scientific and research purposes’.

Kingston is also required to have regard to all the relevant acts and strategies as listed in the Policy Context section of this strategy.

Open Space Policy and Plan (2000)The City of Kingston Open Space Strategy is a highly detailed study of the open spaces (including parks, sports grounds, reserves and special areas) that serve the residents of Kingston and its visitors. Generally the strategy shows that overall

Kingston has a good amount of open space. However, the strategy does identify that there are some local areas with special requirements and it also contains recommendations for the future development of opportunities relating to Open Space.

Street Tree Management PlanThe Street Tree Management Plan recommends species appropriate for planting within the streetscapes in Kingston. These species are both indigenous and introduced.

Local Action Plan to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions (2006)Kingston achieved Milestone 4 of the Cities for Climate Protection Program in August 2006. This involved the development and adoption of a local greenhouse action plan to achieve set reduction goals. Council set a goal to reduce the year 2000 levels of greenhouse gas emissions by 20% by the year 2010 for Council’s own corporate emissions, and a goal to stabilise community emissions at the 1996 levels by the year 2010. Detailed actions have been developed to achieve these goals

Kingston Sustainable Water Use Plan (2006)Council adopted a Sustainable Water Use Plan in May 2006. Council’s aim is to reduce its water consumption, based on the year 2000 data, by 30% by 2010 and by a total of 40% by 2020. Council will work with South East Water to assist the Kingston community to reduce water consumption. Detailed actions have been developed to achieve these aims.


Stormwater Quality Management Plan (2000)The overall goals of Kingston’s Stormwater Quality Management Plan are:

To maintain and improve the quality of Kingston’s receiving •waters by improving the quality of stormwater discharging into them.

To reduce the risks of damaging the environmental values •and beneficial uses of Kingston’s receiving waters.

These goals will be achieved by following three key directions:

To demonstrate leadership by initiating sustainable •improvements in stormwater practices associated with Council construction and service delivery activities.

To co-operate with other key agencies and stakeholders to •obtain their support for improvements in stormwater quality.

To improve Council understanding of stormwater quality •issues and to improve community awareness, understanding and support.

A three-year action plan detailing actions from 2000-2003 was developed.

Natural Resource Area Management PlansNatural resource areas (NRA), defined as areas that have remnant or significant indigenous vegetation, are managed and maintained by Council’s Natural Resource Area team.

Objectives for the management of NRAs in Kingston are to:

Protect and where possible restore biodiversity in NRAs. •

Promote and facilitate community support and involvement •in the management of NRAs.

Promote and facilitate community awareness and •understanding of biological diversity, ecological processes, and the values of NRAs.

Vegetation management targets and assessments have been developed and implemented for remnant and significant vegetation in the following parks and reserves:

Sir William Fry Reserve •

Epsom Wetlands •

Epsom Grasslands •

Aspendale to Carrum Foreshore Reserve •

Mordialloc to Mentone Foreshore Reserve •

Mordialloc Creek •

Bald Hill Park •

Bradshaw Park •

Powernet Easement Reserve •

Wells Road Reserve •

Racecourse Reserve •

Caruana Woodland •

The Grange Reserve •

Heights Park •

Kingston Heath Reserve •

Namitjira Park •

Kingston Foreshore Strategy (1999)The City of Kingston takes in 13 kilometres of Port Phillip Bay coastline. The foreshore is Crown land and is managed by Council on behalf of all Victorians as a long-term public asset for the benefit of the broader community without compromising the needs of future generations. The Kingston Foreshore Strategy is an integrated strategy aimed at providing the whole of Kingston’s coastal resources with a consistent and coordinated policy approach. The foreshore strategy sets out a number of short, medium and long-term actions.

Kingston Foreshore and Waterways Landscape Guidelines (2002)The Kingston Foreshore and Waterway Landscape Guidelines provide general guidance in relation to issues which impact on the ecology, use and appearance of the landscape of Kingston’s foreshore and waterways. They cover issues such as the protection and enhancement of vegetation, retention of the beach and dune system, access to the beach, and recreational use of the foreshore.

Figure 1. Friends Group Activity

The Kingston Foreshore Strategy is an integrated strategy aimed at providing the whole of Kingston’s coastal resources with a consistent and coordinated policy approach.

14

Non-Council Projects


There are several areas important to biodiversity in Kingston that are managed by other agencies, and as such, there are relevant documents that have been developed by these agencies.

Edithvale-Seaford Wetlands (Melbourne Water)The Edithvale -Seaford Wetlands have diverse habitats with both fresh and brackish elements. They are of significance as remnants of the former extensive Carrum Swamp, for the abundance of birds they support, particularly the migratory species, and as demonstration and research sites to show how disturbed systems can retain significance through careful management. The remnant wetland areas are the largest remaining natural wetlands of their type in the Port Phillip and Westernport basins. The Edithvale and Seaford Wetlands have been registered by the Ramsar Convention as a wetland of international importance. A management plan has been prepared and priority actions are being implemented.

Braeside Park Management Plan (Parks Victoria)The Braeside Park Management Plan was developed as a long-term plan to guide the development and management of the park. This includes, but is not restricted to, the growing of trees, re-introduction of native fauna and fully established recreational and educational opportunities. This plan will be continually reviewed to ensure that it continues to fulfill community expectations.

The primary goal for development and management of Braeside Park is the provision of diverse recreational and educational experiences for the metropolitan community, which is compatible with protection and enhancement of the park’s ecological integrity and cultural resources. Parks Victoria is in the process of developing a masterplan for the park.

Living Links (Port Phillip and Westernport CMA)Living Links is a new project plan developed by the Port Phillip and Westernport Catchment Management Authority (PPWCMA) for the Dandenong Valley to protect water quality and enhance native flora and fauna in the Dandenong Creek catchment.

Living Links aims to coordinate current activities and attract new investment to establish green corridors linking existing open space, government agencies, community groups, the private sector, recreational facilities, commercial centres, the coast and the Mitcham - Frankston road corridor. It is a co-operative partnership between Local Government and PPWCMA.

Living Links seeks to:

Support Landcare and community activities in the •program area;

Influence planning by land management authorities in •the program area, incorporating catchment management and sustainability principles;

Develop new and enhance existing vegetation corridors •along roadsides, waterways, public open spaces and private land;

Protect and enhance habitat for native fauna and ensure •the retention of biodiversity in an otherwise fragmented and urbanised landscape;

Promote best practice in the management of stormwater •run-off from sealed surfaces (roads, urban developments);

Promote Water Sensitive Urban Design in existing urban •estates and infill development across the catchment;

Develop further pedestrian and cycle paths throughout •south-east Melbourne connecting major commercial and recreational centres;

Benefit Dandenong Valley residents through cleaner waterways, •more desirable and accessible recreation areas, improved opportunities for environmental education, and safer and more comprehensive pedestrian and cycling facilities.

This is of particular relevance to Kingston as it will link a number of open spaces including Edithvale Wetlands, Braeside Park, The Grange and Karkarook Park.

Waterways DevelopmentEstablished in 2000, the Waterways housing development at Mordialloc combines housing with more than 40 hectares of recreated wetland and terrestrial habitat. More than 1.4 million indigenous plants of 223 different species have been planted, creating five different indigenous vegetation communities. The aim of the project was to use constructed wetlands to reduce the pollutant loads to Mordialloc Creek and recreate habitat areas. The works were paid for by a private developer.

16

Council has a number of existing programs, projects and actions that contribute to the achievement of biodiversity objectives.

Corporate Environment ProgramKingston’s Corporate Environment Program aims to make environmental management a core Council business activity. The program encourages and enables staff to identify and initiate improvements in their own work activities to improve environmental outcomes.

This program is based on widely accepted Environmental Management System principles. It embraces service planning, service delivery, purchasing and operations activities and is being progressively introduced to all areas of Council.

Friends Groups and Community ActivitiesLocal friends and community groups are actively involved in biodiversity conservation. Council is currently involved in projects with several community groups and local primary and secondary schools. Council staff liaise with groups to develop agreed support programs each year.

Some activities the groups are currently involved in include the restoration and protection of remnant indigenous vegetation,

propagation of indigenous species using seed and cutting material collected from the reserves, revegetation using indigenous species and weed management and removal.

Growing the Foreshore’s Future ProgramThis project involves individuals within the community, as well as groups such as aged care hostels, growing indigenous seedlings which are eventually planted in the foreshore dunes. Approximately 4,000 plants are produced each year under the program which has won several awards for community engagement and participation.

Stormwater ProgramsThere have been numerous ongoing Stormwater Programs run by Council covering all areas of the community. Local residents, business, builders, gardeners, landscapers and industry have been targeted in specific awareness, education and enforcement programs. Roads and drains have been retrofitted to incorporate best practice stormwater management.

Council has installed litter traps to remove litter pollution before it reaches Port Phillip Bay. Council has won several awards for these programs and is considered a Local Government leader in urban stormwater management.

Current Council Programs and Actions


Parks and Reserves Revegetation ProgramsKingston has more than 300 open space areas throughout the municipality, maintained by Council's Parks Department and contractors. The reserves range from large open spaces to small parks with recreational facilities. The main purpose of revegetation programs is to maintain and restore pre-European biological diversity through the protection, maintenance and restoration of ecological processes, indigenous flora and fauna communities, habitats and gene pools.

Approximately 20,000 indigenous plants are planted each year in Council’s Natural Resource Areas. Annual revegetation targets are set for these reserves. These targets identify the species and number of plants that should be planted and weed control measures that need to be undertaken in order to either maintain or increase vegetation quality and biodiversity.

Weed and Pest Animal Management ProgramsCouncil takes a site-based approach to weed and pest animal management.

Weed control is carried out in Natural Resource Areas on an ongoing basis. Targets for weed management are included in the vegetation management targets developed and implemented for areas of significant vegetation in parks and reserves managed by Council. Pest animal control is undertaken at specific sites as required. Pest animals regularly targeted include foxes, rabbits and introduced rats. Weeds and pest animals move easily across municipal and land management boundaries, which influences the effectiveness of control programs. In recognition of this Council participates with other land managers and neighbouring municipalities in a Sandbelt Pest Management Group to co-ordinate pest control approaches at a regional level.

18

Profile of Kingston’s Biodiversity


Pre European Settlement Like all urban municipalities, Kingston’s land resources have undergone dramatic changes since European settlement.

Prior to European settlement, much of the southern area of Kingston formed an extensive wetland known as the Carrum-Carrum Swamp. The swamp has largely been drained and in places filled with soil from elsewhere, firstly for agriculture and later for urban development.

Urbanisation and intensive agriculture can degrade land through clearing, erosion, acidification, salinity and contamination. Such changes in land have consequent impacts, especially on waterways and ecosystems.

A major land feature in Kingston is its foreshore, which has been greatly modified. Much of the coastal vegetation has been cleared and the dune system has been destabilised by development and altered coastal processes.

Kingston once supported a diverse range of plant communities, and each plant community supported a range of species.

Twenty-three major ecological vegetation communities occurred prior to European settlement, but many of these have now been lost or greatly reduced in extent. However, important remnants of these vegetation communities remain, supporting a range of indigenous flora and fauna. Some important examples are:

Important Remaining RemnantsMordialloc Creek ReserveThe Mordialloc Creek Reserve is approximately four hectares in total area. The reserve slopes steeply from its northern boundary down to the water’s edge but has a more gradual gradient along the southern section to the creek edge.The main remnant vegetation communities are Plains Grassy Woodland dominated by Red Gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis) on fertile silty soils grading sharply into Tall Marsh dominated by Common Reed (Phragmites australis) in the shallow water alongside the banks. Dense stands of Swamp Scrub dominated by Swamp Paperbark (Melaleuca ericifolia) also occur on both sides of the creek banks.

The Mordialloc Creek Reserve contains some of the best remaining examples of these vegetation communities managed by the City of Kingston and Melbourne Water. The reserve also provides significant propagation material and is valuable as a natural recreation area and educational resource.

Mentone to Mordialloc Foreshore ReserveThe Mentone to Mordialloc Foreshore Reserve is a long narrow coastal strip that extends from Charman Road, Mentone to Mordialloc Creek, Mordialloc.

The Mentone to Mordialloc Foreshore Reserve is approximately 12.8 hectares in total area spread out over a 4.5 kilometre length. The northern portion of the reserve drops steeply from the eastern boundary down to the edge of the beach along the western boundary. The southern portion of the reserve is lower and slopes more gently down to the beach. The larger areas of mown grass, and the concrete path and promenade are not included in the Natural Resource Area. The embankment in the northern portion of the reserve has been highly modified from a former sandstone cliff, and in many parts has had foreign soil and rock introduced.

Ecological vegetation classes on the Mentone to Mordialloc Foreshore Reserve are Coastal Headland Scrub, Coastal Dune Scrub and Coastal Dune Grassland. Sand Heathland once occurred on the cliff top at the northern end as depicted in Tom Roberts 1887 painting Slumbering Sea, Mentone (Yugovic 2006). The introduced Marram Grass (Ammophila arenaria), originally used to stabilise dunes, is invasive and so abundant that its removal from the entire foreshore is now impracticable.The Mentone to Mordialloc Foreshore Reserve, in conjunction with the Aspendale to Carrum Foreshore Reserve, is a major tourism and coastal recreational venue for Melbourne. The Mentone to Mordialloc Foreshore Reserve has high conservation values with the presence of locally and regionally significant flora species and it presents an opportunity to be established as a major habitat corridor. It also provides a significant propagation material resource and high value as an educational resource.

Aspendale to Carrum Foreshore ReserveThe Aspendale to Carrum Foreshore Reserve is a long narrow coastal strip that extends from Mordialloc Creek, Mordialloc to the municipality’s southern boundary at Carrum.

Ecological vegetation classes present are Coast Banksia Woodland, Coastal Dune Scrub and Coastal Dune Grassland. Coast Banksia Woodland is now very restricted, but was evidently extensive along this coast prior to clearing. A range of indigenous coastal plants occur on the foreshore (Yugovic 2006). The introduced Marram Grass (Ammophila arenaria), originally used to stabilise dunes, is invasive and so abundant that its removal from the entire foreshore is now impracticable.

The Grange HeathlandThe Grange Heathland Reserve is located off Osborne Avenue, Clayton South and is approximately seven hectares in area. It slopes from the western side down to the eastern side, which is seasonally inundated.

20

The remnant vegetation at the Grange Heathland Reserve grades from Heathy Woodland dominated by Manna Gum (Eucalyptus viminalis ssp.pryoriana) on well-drained sandy loam soils in the west, through a Swampy Woodland dominated by Mealy Stringybark (Eucalyptus cephalocarpa) on poorly-drained sandy clay loam soils in the central part of the reserve, to Swamp Scrub dominated by Swamp Paperbark (Melaleuca ericifolia) on seasonally waterlogged sandy clay soils in the east.

The Grange Heathland Reserve is highly valued as a conservation area due to the high quality and diversity of its healthy vegetation. This includes many examples of rare species. It has dense vegetation that provides significant fauna refuge, and has relatively intact ecosystems. The reserve is also valuable as a passive, nature-based recreation venue and educational resource.

Braeside ParkFour major indigenous plant communities have been identified in the park. These are described as:

• Heathy Woodland: This community is the largest, most intact in the region. It has the greatest diversity of species of any community in the park and contains many species that are now rare in the metropolitan region.

Grassy Woodland: • This was formally dominated by kangaroo grass, but now it is mainly an introduced species. These remnants are considered to have significant conservation value with scattered patches of native orchids also present.

• Swamp Scrub: Only one small remnant remains but it is still considered to have some conservation value.

• Wetland Complex: Provides essential habitat for wetland dependent or related fauna.

These differing types of environments provide important habitat for regionally rare mammals, amphibians, reptiles and birds, and are considered areas of high conservation value.Braeside Park is principally recognised for its remnant Redgum Grassy Woodland and Heathy Woodland Communities within the Gippsland Plains Bioregion. In addition, the constructed

wetland supports a diversity of wetland dependent fauna, particularly birds. These habitats contain two species listed under the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act and twelve species listed under the China-Australia and Japan-Australia Migratory Bird Agreements. The park forms the north western extremity of an open space and habitat corridor known as the South-Eastern Green Wedge, which is flanked by urban development in Melbourne’s south-east. The park covers a total area of 312 hectares.

Around 150 different bird species have been observed in the park, with only 12 of them being introduced species. Many native species also breed in the park, which is utilised by international migratory species such as Latham’s Snipe and Sharp-tailed Sandpiper. Possums are also very common.

The many dead trees scattered through Braeside Park provide important habitat for a range of native animals. Unfortunately rabbits and other introduced or domestic species such as cats, dogs and foxes are found in the park and cause considerable habitat damage and threaten the viability of native bird and mammal populations.

Rowan WoodlandRowan Woodland Reserve is located off Teralba Close behind the tennis, netball and baseball facilities on the Springvale and Westall Road Extension, Dingley (Melways 88 H6).

Rowan Woodland Reserve is approximately 3.9 hectares in total area. The reserve slopes from the southern end down to the northwestern corner, which is seasonally inundated, although some changes in the flooding regime have been made through the construction of a short drainage channel.

The main remnant vegetation community at Rowan Woodland Reserve is Plains Grassy Woodland, which includes the following dominant species:

Coast Manna Gum • (Eucalyptus viminalis ssp. pryoriana);

Narrow-leaf Peppermint ( • Eucalyptus radiata); and

Swamp Gum • (Eucalyptus ovata).


FloraX Presumed

ExtinctNot recorded during the past 50 years despite field searches specifically for the plant, or, alternatively, intensive field searches (since 1950) at all previously known sites have failed to record the plant.

E Endangered At risk of disappearing from the wild state if present land use and other causal factors continue to operate.

V Vulnerable Not presently endangered, but likely to become so soon due to continued depletion; occurring mainly on sites likely to experience changes in land-use which would threaten the survival of the plant in the wild; or, taxa whose total population is so small that the likelihood of recovery from disturbance, including localised natural events such as drought, fire or landslip, is doubtful.

R Rare Rare but not considered otherwise threatened - there are relatively few known populations or the taxon is restricted to a relatively small area.

K Poorly Known Poorly known and suspected, but not definitely known, to belong to one of the above categories (X, E, V or R). At present, accurate distribution information is inadequate.

S Secure None of the above categories

Figure 1. Flora Conservation Status Definitions

The understorey is dominated by Spear Grass (Austrostipa mollis), Grey Tussock-grass (Poa sieberiana), Weeping Grass (Microlaena stipoides), Spiny-headed Mat-rush (Lomandra longiflolia) and Thatch Saw-sedge (Gahnia radula).

Epsom Grassland Conservation Reserve The Epsom Conservation Reserve is located off White Street, within the new Epsom Park Estate, at the former Epsom Racecourse, Mordialloc. This grassland is approximately four hectares and supports two threatened vegetation communities: Herb-rich Plains Grassy Wetland and Plains Grassland (South Gippsland).

The Epsom Conservation Reserve vegetation communities are both listed under the State Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988. There are two species that occur in this reserve that are of State conservation significance: Pale Swamp Everlasting (Helichrysum aff. Rutidolepus) and Gilgi Blown-grass (Lachnagrostis punicea var. filifolia). This reserve provides significant propagation material and is of high value as a passive, nature-based recreation venue offering opportunities as an educational resource.

Current SituationThe City of Kingston occupies a significant portion of Melbourne’s ‘sandbelt’ which is on the western edge of the Gippsland Plain Bioregion. It includes a range of soil types, especially sandy soils, and habitats ranging from inland sand dunes, through creeks and wetlands, to coast bluffs and dunes. This variety of habitats supports a rich flora and fauna.

The flora of Kingston comprises approximately 430 species of ferns and flowering plants (‘higher plants’) while the fauna comprises approximately 250 species of vertebrates (‘higher animals’). An even larger number of species of smaller organisms exist but it is not feasible to catalogue these except

for a few groups. For example, information on the status of insects and fungi is generally inadequate in Victoria as well as the City of Kingston, thus limiting meaningful analysis.

Council undertook a Rakali (native Water Rat) survey in 2006 along the foreshore and Mordialloc Creek. While no animals were recorded in the survey, it is thought the species travel through and use resources in the area at times.

An overview analysis of the flora and fauna of Kingston and their conservation status was undertaken to provide a technical basis for this Biodiversity Strategy. The analysis was undertaken by a workshop conducted in July 2006. Participants were Jeff Yugovic (Biosis Research), Daniel Gilmore (Biosis Research), Tony Collins (Kingston City Council), Damien Cook (Australian Ecosystems), David Bainbridge (Practical Ecology) and Belinda Ainley (Ainley Projects).

The analysis is based on State Government databases (Flora Information System, Atlas of Victorian Wildlife) and the collective knowledge of the workshop members. Definitions of extinct, endangered, vulnerable and rare are as per the State Government definition, but applied to the Kingston context rather than Victoria as a whole. The number of extinctions may be underestimated as some species may have become extinct before recording, although several likely species now extinct are included in the analysis. The following table provides definitions of conservation status categories as defined by the Victorian Government.

Kingston is home to approximately 430 species of flora and 250 species of fauna.

22

FaunaE Extinct A taxon is Extinct when there is no reasonable doubt that the last individual has died. A taxon is

presumed Extinct when exhaustive surveys in known and/or expected habitat, at appropriate times (diurnal, seasonal, annual), throughout its historic range have failed to record an individual. Surveys should be over a time frame appropriate to the taxon’s life cycle and life form.

RX Regionally Extinct

As for Extinct but within a defined region that does not encompass the entire geographic range of the taxon. A taxon is presumed Regionally Extinct when exhaustive surveys in known and/or expected habitat, at appropriate times (diurnal, seasonal, annual), throughout the region have failed to record an individual. Surveys should be over a time frame appropriate to the taxon’s life cycle and life form.

WX Extinct in the Wild

A taxon is Extinct in the Wild when it is known only to survive in cultivation, in captivity or as a naturalized population (or populations) well outside the past range. A taxon is presumed Extinct in the Wild when exhaustive surveys in known and/or expected habitat, at appropriate times (diurnal, seasonal, annual), throughout its historic range have failed to record an individual. Surveys should be over a time frame appropriate to the taxon’s life cycle and life form.

CR Critically Endangered

A taxon is Critically Endangered when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Critically Endangered (see Species Survival Commission 2001), and it is therefore considered to be facing an extremely high risk of extinction in the wild.

EN Endangered A taxon is Endangered when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Endangered (see Species Survival Commission 2001), and it is therefore considered to be facing a very high risk of extinction in the wild.

VU Vulnerable A taxon is Vulnerable when the best available evidence indicates that it meets any of the criteria A to E for Vulnerable (see Species Survival Commission 2001), and it is therefore considered to be facing a high risk of extinction in the wild.

NT Near Threatened

A taxon is Near Threatened when it has been evaluated against the criteria but does not qualify for Critically Endangered, Endangered or Vulnerable now, but is close to qualifying for or is likely to qualify for a threatened category in the near future.

DD Data Deficient

A taxon is Data Deficient when there is inadequate information to make a direct, or indirect, assessment of its risk of extinction based on its distribution and/or population status. A taxon in this category may be well studied, and its biology well known, but appropriate data on abundance and/or distribution are lacking. Data Deficient is therefore not a category of threat. Listing of taxa in this category indicates that more information is required and acknowledges the possibility that future research will show that threatened classification is appropriate.

S Secure None of the above categories

Figure 2. Fauna Conservation Status Definitions

The conservation status analysis enables the setting of priorities for planning and management.

The major pressures on both habitat and species biodiversity in Kingston is from:(a) changes in land use associated with urban development and an increasing population; (b) pest plants and animals replacing or predating on indigenous species especially within the conservation

reserve system; and(c) chance local extinction due to small population size.

The City of Kingston is a middle-ring urban municipality with on-going new and infill residential and commercial development. Various land uses in Kingston have been categorised according to their inferred pressure on biodiversity. However, it is recommended that changes in patterns of land use be monitored over time to assess the actual pressure exerted.


FloraThe indigenous flora of the City of Kingston originally consisted of approximately 430 species, or more precisely, taxa (species, subspecies and varieties). Of these taxa, 10% are extinct, 72% are rare or threatened, and 18% are secure (Table 1, Figure 3). The flora is strongly concentrated in remnant native vegetation. However a considerable number of species occur in revegetation areas and a few species occupy disturbed habitats and are widespread in even urban areas.

Status Species

Extinct 43Endangered 189Vulnerable 47Rare 70Poorly Known 8Secure 78Total 435

Table 1. Flora of Kingston

Ecological Vegetation Classes (EVCs)A wide range of habitats or ecosystems, referred to as ‘ecological vegetation classes’ (EVCs) by the State Government, occur in the City of Kingston (Table 2, Figure 4). Of the 23 EVCs, 13% are extinct, 87% are rare or threatened, and 0% are secure.

EVC Status Example location

Brackish Aquatic Herbfield Vulnerable Edithvale WetlandBrackish Grassland Endangered Epsom Grassland ReserveBrackish Herbland Vulnerable Edithvale WetlandBrackish Sedgeland Vulnerable Edithvale WetlandCoast Banksia Woodland Endangered Foreshore Reserve (Bonbeach)Coastal Dune Grassland Endangered Foreshore Reserve (Parkdale to Bonbeach)Coastal Dune Scrub Vulnerable Foreshore Reserve (Parkdale to Bonbeach)Coastal Headland Scrub Vulnerable Foreshore Reserve (Mentone to Parkdale)Creekline Grassy Woodland Extinct Braeside ParkDamp Sands Herb-rich Woodland Endangered Woodlands Golf CourseEstuarine Reedbed Endangered Mordialloc Creek ReserveEstuarine Scrub Endangered Mordialloc Creek ReserveEstuarine Wetland Endangered Mordialloc Creek ReserveHeathy Woodland Vulnerable The Grange Heathland Reserve, Braeside ParkPlains Grassland Endangered Epsom Grassland ReservePlains Grassy Wetland Endangered Braeside ParkPlains Grassy Woodland Endangered Braeside ParkPlains Sedgy Wetland Vulnerable Edithvale WetlandSand Heathland ExtinctSedge Wetland ExtinctSwamp Scrub Endangered The Grange Heathland Reserve (Clayton South)

Swampy Woodland Endangered Dingley Road Reserve, The Grange ReserveTall Marsh Vulnerable Edithvale Wetland

Figure 3. Flora of Kingston Status

Presumed Extinct

Endangered

Vulnerable

Rare

Poorly Known

Secure

10%

43%

11%

16%

2%

18%

Extinct

Endangered

Vulnerable

52%

13%35%

Extinct

Critically Endangered

Endangered

Vulnerable

Near Threatened

Data De�cient

Secure

12%

10%

9%

16%16%

7%

30%

Figure 4. Ecological Vegetation Classes of Kingston

Presumed Extinct

Endangered

Vulnerable

Rare

Poorly Known

Secure

10%

43%

11%

16%

2%

18%

Extinct

Endangered

Vulnerable

52%

13%35%

Extinct


Endangered

Vulnerable

Near Threatened

Data De�cient

Secure

12%

10%

9%

16%16%

7%

30%

Table 2. Ecological Vegetation Classes of Kingston

24

FaunaThe indigenous fauna of the City of Kingston consists of approximately 250 species (Table 3). Of these, 12% are extinct, 50% are rare or threatened, and 30% are secure (Figure 5). The fauna is concentrated in remnant native vegetation. However, a considerable number of species occur in parks and gardens within urban areas.

Resident Transient TOTAL

Extinct 24 6 30

Critically Endangered 22 2 24

Endangered 10 12 22

Vulnerable 22 19 41

Near Threatened 23 16 39

Data Deficient 13 4 17

Secure 71 5 76

Total 185 64 249

Table 3. Fauna of Kingston

Figure 5. Fauna of Kingston Status

Presumed Extinct

Endangered

Vulnerable

Rare

Poorly Known

Secure

10%

43%

11%

16%

2%

18%

Extinct

Endangered

Vulnerable

52%

13%35%

Extinct


Endangered

Vulnerable

Near Threatened

Data De�cient

Secure

12%

10%

9%

16%16%

7%

30%

The fauna can be divided into species that can always be found in Kingston (resident fauna) and species that are not permanently present in Kingston (transient fauna). For the resident fauna, land use and management within Kingston are the major determinants of ongoing survival. For the transient fauna, land use and management outside Kingston are at least as important for survival, but these external factors are not readily addressed by this strategy. Habitat for transient fauna within Kingston can be maintained, but species may decline despite this for external reasons.


Resident faunaThe resident indigenous fauna of the City of Kingston consists of approximately 185 species (Figure 6). Of these, 13% are extinct, 41% are rare or threatened, and 38% are secure. The secure fauna are generally species found in parks and gardens.

Figure 6. Resident fauna of Kingston

Transient faunaThe indigenous fauna of the City of Kingston consists of approximately 64 species (Figure 7). Of these, 9% are extinct, 83% are rare or threatened, and 8% are secure. The transient fauna are generally more threatened than the resident fauna as they are less adapted to urban habitats and human disturbance.

Figure 7. Transient fauna of Kingston

A full list of all flora and fauna species found within the City of Kingston can be found in the appendices.

Extinct


Endangered

Vulnerable

Near Threatened

Data De�cient

Secure

Extinct


Endangered

Vulnerable

Near Threatened

Data De�cient

Secure

13%

12%

5%

12%

12%7%

39%

3%

19%

30%

25%

6%8% 9%

Extinct


Endangered

Vulnerable

Near Threatened

Data De�cient

Secure

Extinct


Endangered

Vulnerable

Near Threatened

Data De�cient

Secure

13%

12%

5%

12%

12%7%

39%

3%

19%

30%

25%

6%8% 9%

26

Issues and Opportunities for Biodiversity Conservation


There are several issues affecting biodiversity within the municipality. There are also many opportunities to enhance biodiversity. The issues and opportunities are listed below.

Issues Environmental weeds (invasive introduced plants) compete •with and often out-compete indigenous plants. These environmental weeds are a result of previous land uses, garden escapes into natural areas and deliberate plantings.

Areas of remnant and other indigenous vegetation are at risk •of being gradually degraded and lost. This is occurring on both private and public land, from causes such as clearing for re-development, lack of regeneration to replace ageing plants, deliberate destruction and vandalism of vegetation. Remnant indigenous communities are irreplaceable and are an important source of local provenance stock for revegetation projects.

A number of indigenous species are locally vulnerable •or endangered and may become extinct if threatening processes continue.

A basic prioritised approach to native vegetation •management is the three ‘R’s (Yugovic 2000): Retention Restoration (or Rehabilitation) Revegetation

These are listed in order of increasing management input requirement and decreasing ecological value. Retention of intact vegetation has the lowest relative cost and highest ecological value (not including land acquisition). Revegetation has the highest relative cost and lowest ecological value. Revegetation is the partial or complete reconstruction of native vegetation where weeds were previously dominant. There are two types of revegetation: (1) stable revegetation is the typical landscaping situation where planted specimens are maintained by mulching and weed control and there is no recruitment of new plants, (2) dynamic revegetation is vegetation managed for recruitment of new plants; this is more technically demanding and is most appropriate in conservation reserves. Reference: Yugovic J 2000. Some concepts in revegetation. Indigenotes 13(2): 2.

Habitat for most indigenous fauna has been severely •depleted and is fragmented into mostly isolated patches.

Many introduced animals are predators of native fauna or •disturb indigenous vegetation. Foxes and uncontrolled domestic pets prey on native animals. Introduced birds and rabbits compete with native animals for resources. Rabbits feeding on new growth impact on natural regeneration.

Visitation and access to parks, reserves and other natural •resource areas can have a negative impact on biodiversity if not appropriately managed.

Fire is a very important management tool for regeneration •and weed control in some vegetation communities. Due to the dense urbanised nature of the municipality, ecological burning in reserves requires careful planning and management.

Pollutants in stormwater degrade aquatic habitats and •surrounding ecosystems including wetlands, creeks and Port Phillip Bay.

Some activities within the City of Kingston have impacts on •biodiversity that are wider reaching than the municipality. Such activities include the production of greenhouse gases from motor vehicle and energy use and stormwater pollution that ends up affecting the health of Port Phillip Bay.

Opportunities There are areas within Council reserves and other public land •where there is scope for natural regeneration, revegetation with indigenous species and site management to increase native flora and fauna habitat.

There are potential opportunities to plant indigenous •trees, shrubs and/or ground layer plants in streetscapes, carparks, school grounds, gardens of residential and commercial properties, Council properties and the foreshore as appropriate. Council undertakes many of these already through existing programs.

Existing reserves containing indigenous species have the •potential to be linked and extended as wildlife corridors. This will increase the size and connectivity of reserves which will increase opportunities for species retention, adaption and evolution.

Community groups and educational institutions with an •interest in environmental and biodiversity action have the opportunity to undertake relevant projects and where possible access grant funding.

Council has the opportunity to continue to engage and work •with community groups and educational institutions and to increase the level of involvement of such groups.

Council may continue to foster links and partnerships with •other municipal councils and government agencies such as Parks Victoria and Melbourne Water.

Council has the opportunity to increase awareness within the •local community about local indigenous plants and animals. This includes the ability of indigenous plants to reduce water consumption.

Approaches to NRA management can be continually •improved through scientific knowledge, technological advances, training opportunities and enhanced resource allocation.

Council will continue to engage and work with community groups and educational institutions to protect the environment.

28

Action Plan


It is important to identify and document appropriate actions to meet the objectives of the strategy. These actions are identified in the table below. All actions have been assigned a priority from 1-3 meaning the following:

Anticipated timelines (all subject to resources and funding): 1 - Intended to commence within one year2 - Intended to commence within three years3 - Intended to commence within five years

Action Number

Action

Prio

rity

Responsibility (within Council)

Additional Resources Required (estimates based on 2006 figures)

Comments/Current Status

Objective 1: Identify, protect and manage remnant indigenous vegetation

1 Collect habitat hectare data on all Council owned land in Kingston to provide a baseline inventory for future monitoring. Council should also work with other land management agencies to encourage data collection and sharing on other land in Kingston.

1 Environment Department

$10-$15,000 Existing data collected at NRA sites, further work required to develop consistent sharing approach. Non-NRA sites still to be surveyed

2 Update and validate habitat hectare information in 2010, and establish a monitoring plan.


$10-$15,000 As above

3 Identify existing and potential wildlife corridors.


Dandenong Living Links

Existing projects – Mordialloc Creek, Epsom, Yammerbook, Foreshore Reserve

4 Develop the actions needed to protect and enhance the wildlife corridors, identified in Action 3.


Dandenong Living Links Partnership, Sustainability Accord, NRA crew, developing Coastal Management Plan, Vegetation Management Plans

Objective 2: Identify, protect and enhance sites of habitat significance and other significant vegetation

5 Investigate the status of species considered endangered in Kingston that are also listed as rare or threatened at the regional, state or national level, and take appropriate management actions. This may include activities like weeding, fencing, propagation and planting.


$15,000 Rakali Survey Species list provided in Biodiversity Strategy

6 Investigate the status of species considered endangered in Kingston that are not listed as rare or threatened at the state or national level, and take appropriate management actions.


$15,000 As above

7 Investigate the status of species considered vulnerable in Kingston, and take appropriate management actions.


As above

Figure 8. Action Plan

30

Action Number

Action

Prio

rity




8 Investigate the status of EVCs considered endangered in Kingston, and take appropriate management actions.


$7,500 List provided for Biodiversity Strategy by Dr. Jeff Yugovic

9 Investigate the status of EVCs considered vulnerable in Kingston, and take appropriate management actions.


$7,500 As above

10 Prepare Vegetation Management Targets (VMT) focusing on remnant vegetation and re-vegetation at key sites. This should be reviewed every five years.


Current and ongoing within NRA managed sites

Objective 3: Undertake and encourage revegetation using indigenous species

11 Plant indigenous species in biodiversity corridors, recreational parks and reserves, streetscapes, car parks and Council premises. Continue to encourage schools, residential and commercial properties to plant indigenous plants where appropriate.


Ongoing

12 Identify opportunities to enhance or create habitat for indigenous fauna. Develop management prescriptions to maintain these areas, for example: ensure that off-lead dog exercise areas are not adjacent to designated habitat areas, and manage access within designated habitat areas.


Limited restrictions in place at a number of reserves. Feral proof fence installed at the Grange Reserve

Objective 4: Reduce negative impacts on biodiversity within and beyond Kingston’s boundaries that arise from activities within the municipality

13 Implement actions as outlined in other relevant Council Strategies and Plans such as:- Stormwater Quality Management Plan, Local Action Plan to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Sustainable Water Use Plan.


Current and ongoing

14 Introduce Environmental Significance or Vegetation Protection Overlay controls into the revised Planning Scheme where appropriate.

2 Strategic Planning

Native vegetation Framework

15 Investigate opportunities to introduce incentives and supporting mechanisms to encourage biodiversity conservation on private land.


Native Vegetation Framework.Indigenous plant giveaways

Objective 5: Increase awareness, appreciation and understanding of biodiversity in the local community and create opportunities for participation in biodiversity management

16 Identify opportunities and appropriate methods for interpretive information in Council parks and reserves and other suitable locations.


Brochures available at The Grange, Bradshaw Park, Epsom Grassland, and Information boards. NRA crew brochure available through Customer Service Centres. Weeds brochure

Figure 8. Action Plan continued


Action Number

Action

Prio

rity




17 Identify opportunities to expand the Growing the Foreshore’s Future Program to other areas of the municipality.


Program currently operating in foreshore areas

18 Ensure that information is available about the impacts of cats and dogs on native wildlife and ways to reduce these impacts


Information currently available from DSE

19 Support major environmental programs, as appropriate.


Forums, Friends Groups, Events (Clean Up Australia Day, National Tree Day)

20 Support community groups and school groups working on projects to maintain and enhance local biodiversity.


As above

21 Work with community groups and school groups to identify appropriate grant opportunities for biodiversity actions.


Ongoing with Friends Groups

22 Make biodiversity information more readily available through the Council website and other media avenues. Examples of information could include: a list of priority environmental weeds information on indigenous plants and areas where they are found.


Weeds Poster Species (list database for NRA sites)

Objective 6: Work in partnership with neighbouring municipalities and other land managers and stakeholders to enhance and protect biodiversity

23 Work collaboratively with adjoining Local and State Government authorities, to protect and enhance sites of biodiversity significance, and to undertake coordinated pest plant and animal control.

2 Environment Department Strategic Planning

Current and ongoing atMordialloc Creek

24 Pursue partnerships with local businesses and schools and other educational institutions for specific biodiversity projects.


Current and ongoing atMordialloc Creek

Figure 8. Action Plan continued

32

Funding Options

Implementation of the actions in this strategy will be staged over a number of years. An indication of the resources required for each action is provided in the preceding Action Plan.

Allocation of funds to many of the actions will occur progressively through Council’s normal budget processes.

However, there is potential to obtain funding for some projects from external sources including:

Grants Programs of the State and Commonwealth •Governments, such as the Natural Heritage Trust, Parks Victoria Agency Grants and labor market programs such as Work for the Dole;

Sponsorship from local businesses and industry; •

Philanthropic trusts with an interest in environmental •projects;

The Alternative Sentencing Fund, which transfers court •fines for pollution episodes to fund local environment projects; and

Fundraising by local schools for specific biodiversity projects •in which the students could be involved.

Resources could be pooled in partnership projects with State Government agencies, educational institutions, public land managers and non-government organisations.

The identification of strategically important actions in this document provides a justification and basis for preparing grant submissions and applications for other external funding, as well as proposals for sponsorship and partnerships.


Indicators and Targets

A number of proposed environmental performance indicators are listed below, with associated targets, in an effort to measure the success of actions taken.

Indicators Target for 2012

Number of indigenous flora species present To be determined after vegetation inventory. There should be no reduction in the number of indigenous flora species.

Remnant large trees Losses only due to old age, storms or danger to the public.

Area of remnant indigenous vegetation No reduction in the area of remnant indigenous vegetation.

Number of indigenous fauna species resident or regularly visiting

Increase or maintain at current levels.

Native vegetation/habitat quality Net gain since baseline survey.

Area of revegetation/regeneration established and maintained within important remnants

Increase since baseline study

Number of recorded environmental weed species No increase over baseline figure.

Community involvement Maintain at current levels or increase.

Figure 9. Indicators and Targets

34

Monitoring, Reporting, Review and Evaluation

Progress on the implementation of this strategy will be reported on at the end of each financial year as part of Council’s Annual Report process.

A monitoring program will provide baseline and trend information about local flora, fauna and ecosystems to inform management and policy decisions.

The Action Plan will be reviewed annually with budget allocations made, as part of Council’s corporate planning and budgetary processes.

This Biodiversity Strategy will be subject to a comprehensive review, with community consultation, in five years time (2012).

EvaluationEnvironmental CriteriaThis Biodiversity Strategy plays an important role in the protection and enhancement of important and threatened biodiversity assets including all indigenous flora and fauna. Any actions to conserve these assets will assist in improving other environmental factors such as air and water quality.

This strategy supports the strategic directions and priorities for biodiversity conservation, which have been outlined in national, state and regional strategies and applies these principles at a local level.

This strategy will further Council’s commitment to environmental sustainability.

Social CriteriaThis strategy will benefit the community now and into the future by providing:

More opportunities to become involved with environmental •community projects;

Greater awareness and appreciation of the role of indigenous •flora and fauna; and

Increased opportunity to see and learn more about native •flora and fauna.

Economic CriteriaIt is difficult to attribute a monetary value on biodiversity assets and all the life they support, but these assets are of significant value to the municipality and are worthy of investment and enhancement.


Appendix 1. City of Kingston Reserves

36

Appendix 2. City of Kingston Reserves


Scientific name Common name Status

Acacia brownii Heath Wattle Endangered

Acacia dealbata Silver Wattle Endangered

Acacia implexa Lightwood Endangered

Acacia longifolia subsp. sophorae Coast Wattle Secure

Acacia mearnsii Black Wattle Secure

Acacia melanoxylon Blackwood Secure

Acacia oxycedrus Spike Wattle Secure

Acacia paradoxa Hedge Wattle Rare

Acacia pycnantha Golden Wattle Vulnerable

Acacia stricta Hop Wattle Endangered

Acacia suaveolens Sweet Wattle Endangered

Acacia ulicifolia Juniper Wattle Extinct

Acacia verticillata Prickly Moses Endangered

Acaena agnipila Hairy Sheep's Burr Secure

Acaena echinata Sheep's Burr Endangered

Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgee Vulnerable

Acaena ovina Australian Sheep's Burr Endangered

Acianthus caudatus Mayfly Orchid Extinct

Acianthus exsertus s.l. Gnat Orchid Endangered

Acrotriche serrulata Honey-pots Endangered

Actites megalocarpa Dune Thistle Vulnerable

Alisma plantago-aquatica Water Plantain Rare

Allocasuarina littoralis Black Sheoak Vulnerable

Allocasuarina paludosa Scrub Sheoak Endangered

Allocasuarina paradoxa Green Sheoak Endangered

Allocasuarina verticillata Drooping Sheoak Endangered

Alternanthera denticulata s.s. Lesser Joyweed Rare

Alyxia buxifolia Sea Box Endangered

Amperea xiphoclada var. xiphoclada Broom Spurge Secure

Amphibromus archeri Pointed Swamp Wallaby-grass Vulnerable

Amphibromus fluitans River Swamp Wallaby-grass Endangered

Amphibromus nervosus Common Swamp Wallaby-grass Rare

Amyema pendula Drooping Mistletoe Endangered

Appendix 3. Flora of the City of Kingston

38


Aotus ericoides Common Aotus Vulnerable

Apium prostratum Sea Celery Endangered

Apodasmia brownii Coarse Twine-rush Endangered

Argentipallium obtusifolium Blunt Everlasting Poorly Known

Arthropodium milleflorum Vanilla Lily Endangered

Arthropodium sp. 3 (aff. strictum) Small Chocolate-lily Endangered

Arthropodium strictum s.l. Chocolate Lily Secure

Asperula euryphylla Broad-leaf Woodruff Poorly Known

Asperula scoparia Prickly Woodruff Endangered

Asperula subsimplex Water Woodruff Endangered

Astroloma humifusum Cranberry Heath Vulnerable

Atriplex cinerea Coast Saltbush Secure

Atriplex semibaccata Berry Saltbush Endangered

Austrodanthonia bipartita s.l. Leafy Wallaby-grass Vulnerable

Austrodanthonia caespitosa Common Wallaby-grass Vulnerable

Austrodanthonia duttoniana Brown-back Wallaby-grass Rare

Austrodanthonia eriantha Hill Wallaby-grass Poorly Known

Austrodanthonia fulva Copper-awned Wallaby-grass Endangered

Austrodanthonia geniculata Kneed Wallaby-grass Secure

Austrodanthonia laevis Smooth Wallaby-grass Rare

Austrodanthonia racemosa Stiped Wallaby-grass Secure

Austrodanthonia setacea Bristly Wallaby-grass Secure

Austrodanthonia tenuior Purplish Wallaby-grass Extinct

Austrostipa mollis Supple Spear-grass Rare

Austrostipa pubinodis Tall Spear-grass Endangered

Austrostipa rudis Veined Spear-grass Vulnerable

Austrostipa scabra Rough Spear-grass Endangered

Austrostipa semibarbata Fibrous Spear-grass Vulnerable

Austrostipa stipoides Prickly Spear-grass Rare

Azolla filiculoides Pacific Azolla Secure

Banksia integrifolia Coast Banksia Endangered

Banksia marginata Silver Banksia Secure

Baumea acuta Pale Twig-sedge Endangered



Baumea arthrophylla Fine Twig-sedge Rare

Baumea juncea Bare Twig-sedge Vulnerable

Billardiera scandens Common Apple-berry Secure

Blechnum minus Soft Water-fern Endangered

Bolboschoenus caldwellii Salt Club-sedge Secure

Bolboschoenus medianus Marsh Club-sedge Vulnerable

Bossiaea cinerea Showy Bossiaea Secure

Bossiaea prostrata Creeping Bossiaea Secure

Brachyscome cardiocarpa Swamp Daisy Endangered

Brachyscome graminea Grass Daisy Extinct

Brachyscome parvula Coast Daisy Endangered

Bulbine bulbosa Bulbine Lily Endangered

Burchardia umbellata Milkmaids Secure

Bursaria spinosa Sweet Bursaria Vulnerable

Caesia calliantha Blue Grass-lily Vulnerable

Caesia parviflora Pale Grass-lily Vulnerable

Caladenia australis Southern Spider-orchid Extinct

Caladenia carnea Pink Fingers Endangered

Caladenia catenata White Fingers Endangered

Caladenia latifolia Pink Fairies Extinct

Caladenia venusta Large White Spider-orchid Extinct

Calystegia sepium subsp. roseata Large Bindweed Extinct

Carex appressa Tall Sedge Rare

Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedge Secure

Carex inversa Knob Sedge Secure

Carex tereticaulis Poong'ort Endangered

Carpobrotus rossii Karkalla Vulnerable

Cassinia aculeata Common Cassinia Endangered

Cassinia arcuata Drooping Cassinia Rare

Cassinia longifolia Shiny Cassinia Endangered

Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurel Endangered

Cassytha melantha Coarse Dodder-laurel Endangered

Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-laurel Rare

Centella cordifolia Centella Rare

Centrolepis aristata Pointed Centrolepis Endangered

Centrolepis fascicularis Tufted Centrolepis Endangered

Centrolepis strigosa subsp. strigosa Hairy Centrolepis Vulnerable

Chamaescilla corymbosa Blue Stars Endangered

Chenopodium glaucum Glaucous Goosefoot Vulnerable

Chorizandra cymbaria s.l. Heron Bristle-sedge Extinct

Chrysocephalum apiculatum s.l. Common Everlasting Endangered

Chrysocephalum semipapposum Clustered Everlasting Extinct

Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis Poorly Known

Clematis microphylla Small-leaved Clematis Endangered

Comesperma calymega Blue-spike Milkwort Endangered

Comesperma defoliatum Leafless Milkwort Extinct

40


Comesperma ericinum Heath Milkwort Extinct

Comesperma volubile Love Creeper Endangered

Convolvulus erubescens spp. agg. Pink Bindweed Endangered

Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bush Extinct

Correa alba var. alba White Correa Rare

Correa reflexa Common Correa Vulnerable

Corunastylis despectans Sharp Midge-orchid Endangered

Corybas diemenicus Veined Helmet-orchid Endangered

Corybas fimbriatus Fringed Helmet-orchid Extinct

Cotula australis Common Cotula Secure

Craspedia canens Grey Billy-buttons Endangered

Craspedia glauca spp. agg. Common Billy-buttons Endangered

Craspedia paludicola Swamp Billy-buttons Endangered

Crassula decumbens var. decumbens Spreading Crassula Secure

Crassula helmsii Swamp Crassula Rare

Crassula peduncularis Purple Crassula Endangered

Crassula sieberiana s.l. Sieber Crassula Rare

Cryptostylis subulata Large Tongue-orchid Poorly Known

Cyrtostylis reniformis Small Gnat-orchid Endangered

Cyrtostylis robusta Large Gnat-orchid Endangered

Daviesia ulicifolia Gorse Bitter-pea Endangered

Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grass Vulnerable

Dianella longifolia s.l. Pale Flax-lily Endangered

Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lily Rare

Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume-grass Rare

Dichondra repens Kidney-weed Secure

Dillwynia cinerascens s.l. Grey Parrot-pea Endangered

Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-pea Rare

Dillwynia sericea Showy Parrot-pea Endangered

Dipodium punctatum s.l. Hyacinth Orchid Endangered

Disphyma crassifolium subsp. clavellatum Rounded Noon-flower Rare

Distichlis distichophylla Australian Salt-grass Vulnerable

Diuris orientis Wallflower Orchid Endangered

Diuris pardina Leopard Orchid Endangered

Diuris punctata var. punctata Purple Diuris Endangered

Diuris sulphurea Tiger Orchid Endangered

Drosera macrantha Climbing Sundew Endangered

Drosera peltata subsp. auriculata Tall Sundew Rare

Drosera peltata subsp. peltata Pale Sundew Vulnerable

Drosera pygmaea Tiny Sundew Endangered

Drosera whittakeri subsp. aberrans Scented Sundew Endangered

Einadia nutans subsp. nutans Nodding Saltbush Rare

Einadia trigonos subsp. trigonos Lax Goosefoot Endangered

Eleocharis acuta Common Spike-sedge Secure

Eleocharis pusilla Small Spike-sedge Vulnerable



Eleocharis sphacelata Tall Spike-sedge Rare

Elymus scaber Common Wheat-grass Secure

Empodisma minus Spreading Rope-rush Endangered

Epacris impressa Common Heath Rare

Epacris obtusifolia Blunt-leaf Heath Endangered

Epilobium billardierianum subsp. billardierianum Smooth Willow-herb Rare

Epilobium billardierianum subsp. cinereum Grey Willow-herb Rare

Epilobium hirtigerum Hairy Willow-herb Secure

Eragrostis brownii Common Love-grass Rare

Eriochilus cucullatus Parson's Bands Endangered

Erodium crinitum Blue Heron's-bill Endangered

Eryngium vesiculosum Prickfoot Vulnerable

Eucalyptus camaldulensis River Red-gum Secure

Eucalyptus cephalocarpa s.s. Mealy Stringybark Endangered

Eucalyptus melliodora Yellow Box Endangered

Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum Secure

Eucalyptus pauciflora Snow Gum Endangered

Eucalyptus radiata s.l. Narrow-leaf Peppermint Endangered

Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. pryoriana Coast Manna-gum Secure

Euchiton collinus s.s. Creeping Cudweed Rare

Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry Ballart Secure

Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedge Rare

Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedge Secure

Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedge Endangered

Geranium retrorsum Grassland Cranesbill Endangered

Geranium solanderi s.l. Austral Cranesbill Rare

42


Glossodia major Wax-lip Orchid Endangered

Glyceria australis Australian Sweet-grass Vulnerable

Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine Endangered

Glycine tabacina s.l. Variable Glycine Extinct

Gompholobium huegelii Common Wedge-pea Endangered

Gonocarpus humilis Shade Raspwort Endangered

Gonocarpus micranthus Creeping Raspwort Endangered

Gonocarpus tetragynus Common Raspwort Secure

Goodenia elongata Lanky Goodenia Endangered

Goodenia geniculata Bent Goodenia Endangered

Goodenia humilis Swamp Goodenia Endangered

Goodenia ovata Hop Goodenia Rare

Goodia lotifolia Golden Tip Endangered

Gratiola peruviana Austral Brooklime Endangered

Hakea nodosa Yellow Hakea Endangered

Hakea ulicina Furze Hakea Endangered

Haloragis heterophylla Varied Raspwort Endangered

Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-pea Extinct

Helichrysum aff. rutidolepis (Lowland Swamps) Pale Swamp Everlasting Endangered

Helichrysum scorpioides Button Everlasting Endangered

Hemarthria uncinata var. uncinata Mat Grass Secure

Hibbertia acicularis Prickly Guinea-flower Endangered

Hibbertia fasciculata var. prostrata Bundled Guinea-flower Rare

Hibbertia procumbens Spreading Guinea-flower Endangered

Hibbertia sericea s.l. Silky Guinea-flower Rare

Hibbertia stricta s.l. Upright Guinea-flower Endangered



Hovea heterophylla Common Hovea Endangered

Hydrocotyle foveolata Yellow Pennywort Endangered

Hydrocotyle hirta Hairy Pennywort Endangered

Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking Pennywort Endangered

Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Shining Pennywort Endangered

Hypericum gramineum Small St John's Wort Rare

Hypericum japonicum Matted St John's Wort Endangered

Hypolaena fastigiata Tassel Rope-rush Vulnerable

Hypoxis glabella s.l. Yellow star Extinct

Hypoxis hygrometrica Golden Weather-glass Endangered

Hypoxis vaginata Yellow Star Endangered

Isoetes drummondii Plain Quillwort Extinct

Isolepis cernua var. cernua Nodding Club-sedge Endangered

Isolepis cernua var. platycarpa Broad-fruit Club-sedge Vulnerable

Isolepis fluitans Floating Club-sedge Endangered

Isolepis inundata Swamp Club-sedge Rare

Isolepis marginata Little Club-sedge Secure

Isolepis stellata Star Club-sedge Endangered

Juncus amabilis Hollow Rush Secure

Juncus bufonius Toad Rush Secure

Juncus flavidus Gold Rush Vulnerable

Juncus holoschoenus Joint-leaf Rush Rare

Juncus kraussii Sea Rush Vulnerable

Juncus pallidus Pale Rush Secure

Juncus pauciflorus Loose-flower Rush Endangered

Juncus planifolius Broad-leaf Rush Secure

Juncus radula Hoary Rush Endangered

Juncus sarophorus Broom Rush Rare

Juncus subsecundus Finger Rush Rare

Kennedia prostrata Running Postman Endangered

Kunzea ericoides spp. agg. Burgan Endangered

Lachnagrostis aemula s.l. Leafy Blown-grass Endangered

Lachnagrostis billardierei s.l. Coast Blown-grass Vulnerable

Lachnagrostis filiformis Common Blown-grass Secure

Lachnagrostis punicea subsp. filifolia Purple Blown-grass Endangered

Lagenophora gracilis Slender Bottle-daisy Endangered

Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisy Rare

Laxmannia orientalis Dwarf Wire-lily Endangered

Lemna disperma Common Duckweed Secure

Lepidosperma concavum Sandhill Sword-sedge Secure

Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedge Endangered

Lepidosperma longitudinale Pithy Sword-sedge Secure

Lepidosperma semiteres Wire Rapier-sedge Endangered

Lepilaena bilocularis Small-fruit Water-mat Endangered

Leptorhynchos squamatus Scaly Buttons Endangered

44


Leptorhynchos tenuifolius Wiry Buttons Endangered

Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-tree Secure

Leptospermum laevigatum Coast Tea-tree Secure

Leptospermum lanigerum Woolly Tea-tree Endangered

Leptospermum myrsinoides Heath Tea-tree Secure

Lepyrodia muelleri Common Scale-rush Endangered

Leucophyta brownii Cushion Bush Secure

Leucopogon parviflorus Coast Beard-heath Endangered

Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-heath Rare

Lilaeopsis polyantha Australian Lilaeopsis Rare

Limosella australis Austral Mudwort Rare

Lindsaea linearis Screw Fern Endangered

Lobelia anceps Angled Lobelia Vulnerable

Lobelia irrigua Salt Pratia Vulnerable

Lobelia pedunculata s.l. Matted Pratia Endangered

Lobelia pratioides Poison Lobelia Endangered

Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rush Secure

Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush Secure

Lomandra multiflora Many-flowered Mat-rush Endangered

Lomandra nana Dwarf Mat-rush Endangered

Luzula meridionalis Common Woodrush Endangered

Lycopodiella lateralis Slender Clubmoss Extinct

Lythrum hyssopifolia Small Loosestrife Secure

Malva australiana Australian Hollyhock Extinct

Melaleuca ericifolia Swamp Paperbark Secure

Melaleuca squarrose Scented Paperbark Vulnerable

Microlaena stipoides Weeping Grass Secure

Microseris lanceolata Yam Daisy Extinct

Microtis parviflora Slender Onion-orchid Secure

Microtis rara Sweet Onion-orchid Extinct

Microtis unifolia Common Onion-orchid Rare

Mimulus repens Creeping Monkey-flower Rare

Monotoca scoparia Prickly Broom-heath Endangered

Muehlenbeckia adpressa Climbing Lignum Vulnerable

Muellerina eucalyptoides Creeping Mistletoe Rare

Myoporum insulare Common Boobialla Secure

Myriophyllum crispatum Upright Water-milfoil Vulnerable

Myriophyllum salsugineum Lake Water-milfoil Rare

Myriophyllum simulans Amphibious Water-milfoil Endangered

Myriophyllum verrucosum Red Water-milfoil Vulnerable

Neopaxia australasica White Purslane Endangered

Notodanthonia semiannularis Wetland Wallaby-grass Secure

Olearia glandulosa Swamp Daisy-bush Extinct

Olearia ramulosa Twiggy Daisy-bush Rare

Opercularia ovata Broad-leaf Stinkweed Endangered

Opercularia varia Variable Stinkweed Secure



Orthoceras strictum Horned Orchid Extinct

Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrel Endangered

Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrel Rare

Oxalis radicosa Stout-rooted Wood-sorrel Extinct

Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree Everlasting Secure

Ozothamnus turbinatus Coast Everlasting Vulnerable

Patersonia occidentalis Long Purple-flag Rare

Pelargonium australe Austral Stork's-bill Endangered

Pentapogon quadrifidus Five-awned Spear-grass Vulnerable

Persicaria decipiens Slender Knotweed Secure

Persicaria hydropiper Water Pepper Rare

Persicaria lapathifolia Pale Knotweed Rare

Persoonia juniperina Prickly Geebung Endangered

Philydrum lanuginosum Woolly Waterlily Endangered

Phragmites australis Common Reed Secure

Picris angustifolia Native Picris Extinct

Pimelea curviflora s.l. Curved Rice-flower Endangered

Pimelea glauca Smooth Rice-flower Endangered

Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flower Secure

Pimelea octophylla Woolly Rice-flower Extinct

Pimelea phylicoides Heath Rice-flower Extinct

Plantago gaudichaudii Narrow Plantain Endangered

Plantago varia Variable Plantain Endangered

Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-pea Vulnerable

Platysace heterophylla var. heterophylla Slender Platysace Rare

Poa clelandii Noah's Ark Endangered

4646


Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grass Secure

Poa morrisii Soft Tussock-grass Secure

Poa poiformis Coast Tussock-grass Vulnerable

Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grass Secure

Poa sieberiana var. hirtella Grey Tussock-grass Poorly Known

Poa sieberiana var. sieberiana Grey Tussock-grass Vulnerable

Poranthera microphylla Small Poranthera Rare

Portulaca oleracea Common Purslane Secure

Potamogeton crispus Curly Pondweed Rare

Potamogeton ochreatus Blunt Pondweed Rare

Potamogeton pectinatus Fennel Pondweed Rare

Potamogeton tricarinatus s.l. Floating Pondweed Endangered

Pseudognaphalium luteoalbum Jersey Cudweed Secure

Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken Secure

Pteris tremula Tender Brake Extinct

Pterostylis concinna Trim Greenhood Endangered

Pterostylis curta Blunt Greenhood Endangered

Pterostylis nutans Nodding Greenhood Vulnerable

Pterostylis parviflora s.l. Tiny Greenhood Extinct

Pterostylis pedoglossa Prawn Greenhood Endangered

Pterostylis pedunculata Maroonhood Endangered

Pterostylis X toveyana Mentone Greenhood Extinct



Pultenaea dentata Clustered Bush-pea Endangered

Pultenaea scabra Rough Bush-pea Endangered

Pultenaea tenuifolia Slender Bush-pea Extinct

Pyrorchis nigricans Red-beaks Endangered

Ranunculus amphitrichus Small River Buttercup Endangered

Ranunculus glabrifolius Shining Buttercup Endangered

Ranunculus inundatus River Buttercup Endangered

Ranunculus lappaceus Australian Buttercup Endangered

Ranunculus papulentus Large River Buttercup Endangered

Rhagodia candolleana subsp. candolleana Seaberry Saltbush Rare

Ricinocarpos pinifolius Wedding Bush Secure

Rubus parvifolius Small-leaf Bramble Endangered

Rumex bidens Mud Dock Endangered

Rumex brownii Slender Dock Vulnerable

Ruppia polycarpa Many-fruit Tassel Rare

Samolus repens Creeping Brookweed Endangered

Sarcocornia quinqueflora Beaded Glasswort Rare

Schizaea bifida s.s. Forked Comb-fern Extinct

Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani River Club-sedge Secure

Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedge Secure

Schoenus brevifolius Zig-zag Bog-sedge Endangered

Schoenus latelaminatus Medusa Bog-sedge Endangered

Schoenus lepidosperma Slender Bog-sedge Endangered

Schoenus maschalinus Leafy Bog-sedge Endangered

Schoenus nitens Shiny Bog-sedge Endangered

Schoenus tesquorum Soft Bog-sedge Endangered

Selaginella uliginosa Swamp Selaginella Endangered

Selliera radicans Shiny Swamp-mat Rare

Senecio biserratus Jagged Fireweed Endangered

Senecio glomeratus Annual Fireweed Secure

Senecio hispidulus s.l. Rough Fireweed Secure

Senecio minimus Shrubby Fireweed Rare

Senecio quadridentatus Cotton Fireweed Rare

Senecio tenuiflorus s.l. Slender Fireweed Endangered

Solanum laciniatum Large Kangaroo Apple Secure

Solenogyne dominii Smooth Solenogyne Rare

Spergularia media s.l. Coast Sand-spurrey Poorly Known

Sphaerolobium vimineum s.l. Leafless Globe-pea Endangered

Spinifex sericeus Hairy Spinifex Rare

Stackhousia monogyna Creamy Stackhousia Endangered

Stackhousia viminea Slender Stackhousia Endangered

Stellaria pungens Prickly Starwort Endangered

Stylidium despectum Small Triggerplant Extinct

Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Triggerplant Endangered

Stylidium inundatum Hundreds and Thousands Endangered

Suaeda australis Austral Seablite Rare

48


Tetragonia implexicoma Bower Spinach Secure

Thelionema caespitosum Tufted Lily Endangered

Thelymitra antennifera Rabbit Ears Extinct

Thelymitra carnea Pink Sun-orchid Extinct

Thelymitra flexuosa Twisted Sun-orchid Extinct

Thelymitra holmesii Blue-star Sun-orchid Endangered

Thelymitra ixioides s.l. Spotted Sun-orchid Endangered

Thelymitra pauciflora s.l. Slender Sun-orchid Rare

Thelymitra rubra Salmon Sun-orchid Extinct

Themeda triandra Kangaroo Grass Secure

Thesium australe Austral Toad-flax Extinct

Thysanotus patersonii Twining Fringe-lily Endangered

Thysanotus tuberosus Common Fringe-lily Endangered

Trachymene composita var. composita Parsnip Trachymene Secure

Tricoryne elatior Yellow Rush-lily Secure

Triglochin alcockiae Southern Water-ribbons Endangered

Triglochin procera s.l. Water Ribbons Rare

Triglochin striata Streaked Arrowgrass Secure

Typha domingensis Narrow-leaf Cumbungi Secure

Typha orientalis Broad-leaf Cumbungi Secure

Veronica calycina Hairy Speedwell Endangered

Veronica gracilis Slender Speedwell Rare

Veronica plebeia Trailing Speedwell Endangered

Villarsia exaltata Erect Marsh-flower Extinct

Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flower Vulnerable

Viminaria juncea Golden Spray Vulnerable

Viola hederacea sensu Willis (1972) Ivy-leaf Violet Vulnerable

Viola sieberiana spp. agg. Tiny Violet Endangered

Wahlenbergia gracilenta s.l. Annual Bluebell Endangered

Wahlenbergia gracilis Sprawling Bluebell Endangered

Wahlenbergia multicaulis Branching Bluebell Endangered

Wilsonia rotundifolia Round-leaf Wilsonia Endangered

Wolffia australiana Tiny Duckweed Rare

Wurmbea dioica Common Early Nancy Endangered

Xanthorrhoea minor subsp. lutea Small Grass-tree Rare

Xanthosia dissecta s.l. Cut-leaf Xanthosia Endangered

Xyris gracilis Slender Yellow-eye Extinct


Appendix 4. National and State significant flora of the City of Kingston

LegendV = Venerable E = Endangered R = Rare L = Listed EPBC Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act (1999)VROTS Victorian, Rare or Threatened Species FFG Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act (1988)

Scientific name Common name EPBC VROTS FFG Status

Amphibromus fluitans River Swamp Wallaby-grass V Endangered

Craspedia canens Grey Billy-buttons E Endangered

Craspedia paludicola Swamp Billy-buttons V Endangered

Diuris punctata Purple Diuris V L Endangered

Helichrysum aff. rutidolepis (Lowland Swamps)

Pale Swamp Everlasting V Endangered

Philydrum lanuginosum Woolly Waterlily V Endangered

Pterostylis pedoglossa Prawn Greenhood V Endangered

Lachnagrostis punicea subsp. filifolia

Purple Blown-grass R L Endangered

Thesium australe Austral Toad-flax V V L Extinct

Pterostylis X toveyana Mentone Greenhood V Extinct

Caladenia venusta Large White Spider-orchid R Extinct

Corybas fimbriatus Fringed Helmet-orchid R Extinct

50

Appendix 5. Fauna of the City of Kingston


Common name Residential status Kingston status

Mammals

Black Wallaby Resident Extinct

Chocolate Wattled Bat Resident Data Deficient

Common Brushtail Possum Resident Secure

Common Ringtail Possum Resident Secure

Dingo Resident Extinct

Eastern Broad-nosed Bat Resident Data Deficient

Eastern Grey Kangaroo Resident Vulnerable

Eastern Quoll Resident Extinct

Gould's Wattled Bat Resident Data Deficient

Grey-headed Flying-Fox Transient Vulnerable

Large Forest Bat Resident Data Deficient

Lesser Long-eared Bat Resident Data Deficient

Little Forest Bat Resident Data Deficient

Long-nosed Potoroo Resident Extinct

Pademelon Resident Extinct

Short-beaked Echidna Resident Critically Endangered

Southern Brown Bandicoot Resident Extinct

Southern Forest Bat Resident Data Deficient

Spot-tailed Quoll Resident Extinct

Sugar Glider Resident Critically Endangered

Water Rat Resident Data Deficient

White-striped Freetail Bat Resident Secure

Wombat Resident Extinct

Birds

Australasian Bittern Resident Critically Endangered

Australasian Grebe Resident Secure

Australasian Shoveler Resident Near Threatened

Australian Hobby Resident Secure

Australian Magpie Resident Secure

Australian Pelican Resident Secure

Australian Raven Resident Secure

Australian Shelduck Resident Secure

Australian Spotted Crake Resident Near Threatened

Australian White Ibis Resident Secure

Australian Wood Duck Resident Secure

Baillon's Crake Resident Vulnerable

Banded Lapwing Resident Critically Endangered

Banded Stilt Transient Data Deficient

Barn Owl Resident Vulnerable

Bar-tailed Godwit Resident Vulnerable

Bassian Thrush Resident Extinct

Beautiful Firetail Resident Extinct

Black Kite Transient Endangered

Black Swan Resident Secure

Black-faced Cuckoo-Shrike Resident Secure

52


Black-fronted Dotterel Resident Secure

Black-shouldered Kite Resident Secure

Black-tailed Native-Hen Resident Data Deficient

Black-winged Stilt Resident Secure

Blue-billed Duck Resident Near Threatened

Blue-winged Parrot Transient Endangered

Brolga Resident Extinct

Brown Falcon Resident Secure

Brown Goshawk Resident Near Threatened

Brown Quail Resident Endangered

Brown Songlark Transient Endangered

Brown Thornbill Resident Secure

Brush Bronzewing Resident Critically Endangered

Buff-Banded Rail Resident Vulnerable

Bush Stone-Curlew Resident Extinct

Bustard Transient Extinct

Caspian Tern Resident Data Deficient

Cattle Egret Transient Vulnerable

Chestnut Teal Resident Secure

Clamorous Reed Warbler Transient Secure

Collared Sparrowhawk Resident Critically Endangered

Common Bronzewing Resident Vulnerable

Common Greenshank Transient Near Threatened

Common Sandpiper Transient Vulnerable

Common Tern Transient Vulnerable

Crested Pigeon Resident Secure

Crested Shrike-Tit Resident Endangered

Crested Tern Resident Secure

Crimson Rosella Resident Vulnerable

Curlew Sandpiper Transient Near Threatened



Darter Resident Vulnerable

Diamond Firetail Resident Extinct

Double-banded Plover Transient Vulnerable

Dusky Moorhen Resident Secure

Dusky Woodswallow Transient Near Threatened

Eastern Curlew Transient Near Threatened

Eastern Rosella Resident Secure

Eastern Spinebill Resident Near Threatened

Eastern Yellow Robin Resident Near Threatened

Emu Resident Extinct

Eurasian Coot Resident Secure

Fairy Martin Transient Near Threatened

Fan-tailed Cuckoo Transient Secure

Flame Robin Transient Secure

Freckled Duck Transient Endangered

Galah Resident Secure

Gang-Gang Cockatoo Transient Endangered

Glossy Black Cockatoo Resident Extinct

Glossy Ibis Transient Near Threatened

Golden Whistler Transient Vulnerable

Golden-Headed Cisticola Resident Secure

Great Cormorant Resident Secure

Great Crested Grebe Resident Endangered

Great Egret Resident Near Threatened

Grey Butcherbird Resident Secure

Grey Currawong Resident Endangered

Grey Fantail Resident Secure

Grey Goshawk Resident Critically Endangered

Grey Plover Transient Near Threatened

Grey Shrike-Thrush Resident Near Threatened

Grey Teal Resident Secure

Grey-crowned Babbler Resident Extinct

Ground Parrot Resident Extinct

Hardhead Resident Near Threatened

Hoary-headed Grebe Resident Secure

Hooded Robin Resident Extinct

Horsfield's Bronze-Cuckoo Transient Near Threatened

Intermediate Egret Resident Critically Endangered

Jacky Winter Resident Critically Endangered

King Quail Resident Extinct

Latham's Snipe Transient Near Threatened

Laughing Kookaburra Resident Vulnerable

Lewin's Rail Resident Endangered

Little Bittern Transient Endangered

Little Black Cormorant Resident Secure

54


Little Corella Resident Vulnerable

Little Eagle Transient Vulnerable

Little Egret Resident Endangered

Little Grassbird Resident Secure

Little Lorikeet Transient Vulnerable

Little Pied Cormorant Resident Secure

Little Raven Resident Secure

Little Wattlebird Resident Secure

Long-billed Corella Resident Vulnerable

Long-toed Stint Transient Vulnerable

Magpie Goose Resident Critically Endangered

Magpie-Lark Resident Secure

Marsh Sandpiper Transient Near Threatened

Masked Lapwing Resident Secure

Masked Woodswallow Transient Extinct

Mistletoebird Resident Near Threatened

Musk Duck Resident Near Threatened

Musk Lorikeet Resident Secure

Nankeen Kestrel Resident Secure

Nankeen Night Heron Resident Near Threatened

New Holland Honeyeater Resident Near Threatened

Noisy Friarbird Transient Extinct

Noisy Miner Resident Secure

Olive-backed Oriole Transient Endangered

Orange-bellied Parrot Transient Critically Endangered

Pacific Black Duck Resident Secure

Pacific Golden Plover Transient Near Threatened

Pacific Gull Resident Secure

Painted Button-Quail Resident Critically Endangered

Pallid Cuckoo Transient Vulnerable

Pectoral Sandpiper Transient Near Threatened

Peregrine Falcon Resident Vulnerable

Pied Cormorant Resident Near Threatened

Pied Currawong Transient Data Deficient

Pink-eared Duck Resident Vulnerable

Plumed Whistling-Duck Transient Critically Endangered

Purple Swamphen Resident Secure

Purple-crowned Lorikeet Transient Vulnerable

Rainbow Lorikeet Resident Secure

Red Wattlebird Resident Secure

Red-browed Finch Resident Near Threatened

Red-capped Plover Resident Secure

Red-kneed Dotterel Resident Secure

Red-necked Avocet Transient Vulnerable

Red-necked Stint Transient Secure

Red-rumped Parrot Resident Secure



Regent Honeyeater Transient Extinct

Richard's Pipit Resident Secure

Rose Robin Transient Extinct

Royal Spoonbill Resident Near Threatened

Ruddy Turnstone Transient Endangered

Ruff Transient Vulnerable

Rufous Fantail Transient Data Deficient

Rufous Songlark Resident Extinct

Rufous Whistler Transient Vulnerable

Sacred Kingfisher Transient Vulnerable

Sanderling Transient Near Threatened

Satin Bowerbird Resident Extinct

Satin Flycatcher Transient Endangered

Scarlet Robin Resident Vulnerable

Sharp-tailed Sandpiper Resident Near Threatened

Shining Bronze-Cuckoo Transient Vulnerable

Silver Gull Resident Secure

Silvereye Resident Secure

Southern Boobook Resident Vulnerable

Spiny-cheeked Honeyeater Resident Vulnerable

Spotless Crake Resident Vulnerable

Spotted Pardalote Resident Secure

Straw-necked Ibis Resident Secure

Striated Fieldwren Resident Critically Endangered

Striated Pardalote Resident Secure

Striated Thornbill Resident Near Threatened

Stubble Quail Resident Near Threatened

Sulphur-crested Cockatoo Resident Secure

Superb Fairy-wren Resident Secure

56


Swamp Harrier Resident Secure

Swift Parrot Transient Endangered

Tawny Frogmouth Resident Vulnerable

Terek Sandpiper Transient Endangered

Tree Martin Transient Near Threatened

Turquoise Parrot Transient Extinct

Varied Sittella Resident Critically Endangered

Wedge-bailed Eagle Transient Endangered

Welcome Swallow Resident Secure

Whimbrel Transient Vulnerable

Whiskered Tern Transient Near Threatened

Whistling Kite Resident Secure

White-bellied Sea-Eagle Transient Vulnerable

White-browed Scrubwren Resident Secure

White-browed Woodswallow Resident Extinct

White-eared Honeyeater Resident Endangered

White-faced Heron Resident Secure

White-fronted Chat Resident Near Threatened

White-naped Honeyeater Resident Vulnerable

White-Necked Heron Resident Near Threatened

White-plumed Honeyeater Resident Secure

White-throated Needletail Transient Secure

White-winged Black Tern Transient Near Threatened

White-winged Chough Resident Extinct

White-winged Triller Resident Critically Endangered

Willie Wagtail Resident Secure

Wood Sandpiper Transient Vulnerable

Yellow Thornbill Resident Vulnerable

Yellow-billed Spoonbill Resident Near Threatened



Yellow-faced Honeyeater Transient Data Deficient

Yellow-rumped Thornbill Resident Near Threatened

Reptiles

Blotched blue-tongued Lizard Resident Vulnerable

Bougainville's Skink Resident Endangered

Common Blue-tongued Lizard Resident Endangered

Eastern Brown Snake Resident Critically Endangered

Eastern Three-lined Skink Resident Endangered

Garden Skink Resident Secure

Lace Monitor Resident Extinct

Lowland Copperhead Resident Vulnerable

Marbled Gecko Resident Data Deficient

Southern Grass Skink Resident Critically Endangered

Tiger Snake Resident Critically Endangered

Tree Dragon Resident Critically Endangered

Weasel Skink Resident Data Deficient

White-lipped Snake Resident Critically Endangered

Frogs

Common Froglet Resident Secure

Growling Grass Frog Resident Critically Endangered

Southern Brown Tree Frog Resident Secure

Southern Bullfrog Resident Secure

Southern Toadlet Resident Critically Endangered

Spotted Marsh Frog Resident Secure

Striped Marsh Frog Resident Data Deficient

Whistling Tree Frog Resident Critically Endangered

Fish

Common Galaxias Resident Secure

Shortfin Eel Resident Secure

58

Appendix 6. National and State significant fauna of the City of Kingston

LegendEPBC Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act (1999)DSE Department of Sustainability and EnvironmentFFG Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act (1988)AVW Atlas of Victorian WildlifeV = Venerable E = Endangered R = Rare L = Listed RX Extinct NT Near ThreatenedCR Critically Endangered DD Data DeficientEN Endangered Secure None of the above categoriesVU Vulnerable

EPBC DSE FFG Common name Last AVW Record Residential status

Kingston status

NATIONAL SIGNIFICANCE:

Birds

EN CR L Orange-bellied Parrot 1977 Transient Critically Endangered

EN EN L Swift Parrot 1978 Transient Endangered

Frogs

VU EN L Growling Grass Frog 1999 Resident Critically Endangered

STATE SIGNIFICANCE:

Mammals

VU Grey-headed Flying-fox Transient Vulnerable

Birds

EN L Australasian Bittern 2001 Resident Critically Endangered

VU Australasian Shoveler 2003 Resident Near Threatened

VU L Baillon's Crake 2001 Resident Vulnerable

EN L Blue-billed Duck 2001 Resident Near Threatened

NT Brown Quail 2001 Resident Endangered

NT L Caspian Tern 1998 Resident Data Deficient

VU Common Sandpiper 1990 Transient Vulnerable

NT Eastern Curlew 1990 Transient Near Threatened

EN L Freckled Duck 2003 Transient Endangered

NT Glossy Ibis 2001 Transient Near Threatened

VU L Great Egret 2003 Resident Near Threatened

VU Grey Goshawk 1990 Resident Critically Endangered

NT Grey Plover 1977 Transient Near Threatened


EPBC DSE FFG Common name Last AVW Record Residential status

Kingston status

VU Hardhead 2003 Resident Near Threatened

CR L Intermediate Egret 2001 Resident Critically Endangered

NT Latham's Snipe 2003 Transient Near Threatened

VU L Lewin's Rail 1996 Resident Endangered

EN L Little Bittern 1990 Transient Endangered

EN L Little Egret 2000 Resident Endangered

VU Magpie Goose 2003 Resident Critically Endangered

VU Musk Duck 2003 Resident Near Threatened

NT Nankeen Night Heron 2001 Resident Near Threatened

NT Pacific Golden Plover 1987 Transient Near Threatened

NT Pacific Gull 2001 Resident Secure

NT Pectoral Sandpiper 2000 Transient Near Threatened

NT Pied Cormorant 2001 Resident Near Threatened

VU Royal Spoonbill 2003 Resident Near Threatened

NT Sanderling 2001 Transient Near Threatened

EN L Terek Sandpiper 1977 Transient Endangered

VU Whimbrel 1977 Transient Vulnerable

NT Whiskered Tern 2002 Transient Near Threatened

VU L White-bellied Sea-Eagle 1995 Transient Vulnerable

NT White-winged Black Tern 2000 Transient Near Threatened

VU Wood Sandpiper 2001 Transient Vulnerable

Frogs

VU Southern Toadlet 1990 Resident Critically Endangered

EN CR L Regent Honeyeater 1947 Transient Extinct

EN NT Southern Brown Bandicoot

1989 Resident Extinct

CR Bustard Transient Extinct

CR King Quail Resident Extinct

EN Bush Stone-curlew Resident Extinct

EN L Grey-crowned Babbler 2002 Resident Extinct

EN Ground Parrot Resident Extinct

EN Long-nosed Potoroo Resident Extinct

EN Spot-tailed Quoll Resident Extinct

RX Eastern Quoll Resident Extinct

RX Pademelon Resident Extinct

VU Brolga Resident Extinct

VU L Diamond Firetail 1990 Resident Extinct

VU Glossy Black Cockatoo Resident Extinct

VU Lace Monitor Resident Extinct

VU Tree Goanna 1977 Resident Extinct

NT Hooded Robin Resident Extinct

NT Turquoise Parrot Transient Extinct

DD Dingo Resident Extinct

60

References

Scott R, Blake N, Campbell J, Evans D & Williams N 2002. Indigenous Plants of the Sandbelt: A Gardening Guide for South-eastern Melbourne. Earthcare St Kilda, Melbourne.

Yugovic J 2006. Coastal vegetation of the City of Kingston. Report to the City of Kingston, Biosis Research Pty Ltd, Victoria.

National Agreements and StrategiesNational Biodiversity and Climate Change Action Plan, 2004-2007

Victorian Strategy and PolicyVictorian Vegetation Management FrameworkVictorian Coastal Strategy, 2002Victorian Local Stability Accord, August 2005Victorian Local Stability Accord Summary, August 2005

Local Strategies and PlansBraeside Metropolitan Park Master Plan ReportKingston Foreshore StrategyKingston State of the Environment Report, 1996Kingston Foreshore and Waterways Landscape Guidelines, July 2002Kingston Street Tree Management Plan, 2000

Regional Strategies and PlansPort Phillip and Western Port Regional Catchment Strategy Summary, 2004-2009Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999

For a large print version of this strategy contact the City of Kingston Communications Department on (03) 9581 4730.


Notes

1230 Nepean Highway, Cheltenham, VIC 3192PO Box 1000, Mentone, VIC 3194Telephone: 1300 653 356 Fax: 03 9581 4500Email: [email protected]: www.kingston.vic.gov.au

Printed by waterless offset on 100% recycled paper.

city of kingston biodiversity · appendix 3. flora of the city of kingston 37 appendix 4. national...

Documents