Civil RightsCivil Rights

Identify the Identify the Plessy v. Plessy v. FergusonFerguson decision? decision?

• “Separate but equal” facilities were constitutional

• Racial segregation was legal

What precedent was What precedent was set by set by Plessy v. Plessy v.

FergusonFerguson??

• Southern states could segregate public facilities.

What was another What was another term for term for

segregation laws?segregation laws?

•Jim Crow lawsJim Crow laws

For what does NAACP For what does NAACP stand?stand?

•National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

For what 2 things did For what 2 things did the NAACP work?the NAACP work?

• End legal segregation in the South

• Gain the right to vote for African-Americans in the South

Who was an early Who was an early leader of the NAACP?leader of the NAACP?

•W.E.B. DuBois

What Supreme Court What Supreme Court decision set forth the decision set forth the “separate but equal” “separate but equal”

doctrine?doctrine?

•Plessy v. Ferguson

What was the 1954 Supreme What was the 1954 Supreme Court decision in the Court decision in the Brown v. Brown v.

Board of EducationBoard of Education case? case?

• Supreme Court declared racial segregation in public schools unconstitutional

What was the What was the constitutional basis of constitutional basis of the the

BrownBrown decision? decision?

• Racial segregation violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment

What Supreme Court What Supreme Court decision declared racial decision declared racial

segregation in public segregation in public schools unconstitutional?schools unconstitutional?

• Brown v. Board of Brown v. Board of Education of TopekaEducation of Topeka

Who served as chief counsel for the NAACP Legal

Defense Fund at the time of the Brown decision?

•Thurgood Marshall

Who was the most famous civil rights lawyer in

Virginia? (He worked on the Prince Edward County

school case.)

•Oliver Hill

Identify the Solid South.Identify the Solid South.

• Democratic Party control of Southern politics from late 19th century to after World War II

Identify Massive Identify Massive Resistance.Resistance.

•Virginia’s attempt to avoid obeying the Brown desegregation decision

What Democratic U.S. senator led Virginia’s

Massive Resistance movement?

•Harry F. Byrd

What is the official What is the official name of the Virginia name of the Virginia

state legislature?state legislature?

• The Virginia General The Virginia General AssemblyAssembly

What did the Brown What did the Brown decision show about the decision show about the

Supreme Court’s Supreme Court’s powers?powers?

• By interpreting its powers broadly, the Supreme Court could reshape American society

What event made Rosa What event made Rosa Parks famous?Parks famous?

•The Montgomery Bus Boycott

What was the goal of the What was the goal of the 1963 March on Washington?1963 March on Washington?

•Gain passage of major civil rights laws by Congress

Who gave the “I have a Who gave the “I have a dream” speech at the dream” speech at the

March on Washington?March on Washington?

•Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.

For what method of For what method of protest was Dr. King protest was Dr. King

known?known?

•Non-violent, mass protest

What president played a What president played a major role in the passage major role in the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights of the 1964 Civil Rights law and the 1965 Voting law and the 1965 Voting

Rights Act?Rights Act?

•Lyndon B. Johnson

Identify the 1964 Civil Identify the 1964 Civil Rights Act?Rights Act?

• Outlawed discrimination based on race, color, religion, gender, or national origin in public places and by employers

• Gave the federal government more power to enforce all civil rights laws

Give four examples of Give four examples of public places covered by public places covered by

the 1964 Civil Rights Act.the 1964 Civil Rights Act.

• MotelsMotels• HotelsHotels• RestaurantsRestaurants• ParksParks

Did the 1964 Civil Rights Act desegregate

public accommodations?

•YES

Give three examples of public

accommodations.• Hotels

• Motels

• Restaurants

What was a literacy What was a literacy test?test?

•Person had to prove he could read and write in order to vote

Identify the 1965 Voting Identify the 1965 Voting Rights Act.Rights Act.

• Outlawed literacy tests as a voting requirement

• Sent federal registrars to the South to register black voters

Why did the Southern Why did the Southern states require literacy states require literacy

tests?tests?

• To keep African-Americans from voting

What did the 1968 Civil Rights Act do?

Outlawed racial discrimination in the sale and rental of housing

What does one call the What does one call the movement of whites from the movement of whites from the city to the suburbs in order to city to the suburbs in order to avoid sending their children to avoid sending their children to

integrated public schools?integrated public schools?

•White FlightWhite Flight

What kinds of schools did What kinds of schools did Southern whites establish to Southern whites establish to avoid racial integration of avoid racial integration of

public schools?public schools?

•Private academiesPrivate academies