civil rights movement movement for racial equality in the u.s……through nonviolent protest. the...
TRANSCRIPT
Civil Rights MovementCivil Rights Movement
Movement For Racial Equality In The U.S……through Nonviolent Protest.
The student will demonstrate knowledge of the Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s …….SOL VUS.14a
Still 2nd class citizens
At the end of the W.W.II Black Americans
expected equal Treatment.
They were determined to improve their status.
Truman desegregates the military in 1948 by executive order.
1896 Plessy v. Ferguson
• Established SEPARATE BUT EQUAL.
• Jim Crow laws segregated the South.
1954- Brown overturns Plessy!!
• Declared segregation of public schools unconstitutional.
• Violated the 14th amendment-equal protection clause.
The Little Rock Nine attend Central High, protected by United States Army troops sent by President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
Lawyer Thurgood Marshall and civil rights activist Daisy Bates join several members of the "Little Rock Nine", the first students to integrate Central High School.
•
Senator Harry Flood Byrd of VA
launched Massive Resistance.
"If we can organize the Southern States for massive resistance to this order I think that in time the rest of the country will realize that racial integration is not going to be accepted in the South."
Virginia responds to Brown
• Massive Resistance- Disobeyed the ruling
Closing some schoolsSet up Private
academies“White Flight” from
urban systems.
Oliver W. Hill: A Civil Rights Lawyer from VA
Hill- NAACP Legal
Defense Team in
Virginia during the
Brown Case.
Thurgood Marshall-
NAACP Lawyer argued
the Brown Case before
the Supreme Court.
This organization challenged segregation in the courts and demanded equal rights for Black Americans.
Rosa Parks
1955 -The Montgomery bus boycott was the first large scale protest for Civil Rights. Reverend Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. led the protest and used nonviolent resistance to achieve equality and desegregation on buses.
"There comes a time when people get tired of being kicked around by the
iron feet of oppression."
Defeating Discrimination
Opposing Viewpoints
Dr. King preached non-violence.
Malcolm X urgedBlacks to fight back
when attacked.
MALCOLM X (1925-1965)
Civil Rights Leader
BLACK POWER MOVEMENT
Stokely Carmichael Leader of the Black PowerMovement.
Pride &
Leadership
Sit-Ins 1960 Sit-ins - In Greensboro, North Carolina, four
black college students sat at a segregated lunch
counter. Local police officers arrested the students.
The four North Carolina A & T students attempted to desegregate a Woolworth’s lunch counter.
Freedom Riders
• In 1961, an interracial group of CORE members and college students from the North traveled by bus down South to test the effectiveness of a 1960 Supreme Court decision which prohibited racial segregation in public places.
• In Alabama, the Freedom Riders were attacked and badly beaten.
1963 March on Washington
I HAVE A DREAM!!
The march helped influencepublic opinion to support civil rights laws.
The power of nonviolent protests.
April-May 1963“Project C”- Challenged the system of
segregation in Birmingham, Alabama
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. sits in a Birmingham Jail.
In 1963, Rev. Martin Luther King eulogized these four young girls as angels after they died in the bombing of the 16th Street Baptist church.
JFK and Civil Rights Kennedy was concerned with maintaining
the support of Southern Democrats, but
events like the sit-ins, freedom rides, and
the Birmingham bombings eventually forced
him to send a Civil Rights Bill to Congress.
“ask not what your country can do for you—ask what you
can do for your country”?
LBJ: The Great Society
Tried to Make
America aBetter place.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
• Passed by Pres. Johnson• Prohibited segregation in public places
24th Amendment-1964Banned Poll Tax
Voting Rights Act of 1965
• Outlawed Literacy Tests
• Opened the door for a flood of Black voters in the South
1968 A TUMULTUOUS YEAR
Martin Luther King Jr. isAssassinated by James Earl Ray
in Memphis Tennessee.
Robert Kennedy isAssassinated.
*In the aftermath of Dr. King’s death a radical movement began. *The Black Panthers accused the Police of brutality & racism.
Black Panther Party
Jim Crow’s LegacyYet the legacy of Jim Crow is a powerful
one. Despite decades of progress and
equality in the eyes of the law, few would
argue that ours is a truly color-blind society.
The many differences
between now and the
Jim Crow era are
striking; in some cases,
so are the parallels.
Signs of Progress
Attorney General Eric Holder
1st Black on the Supreme Court Thurgood Marshall
Sec. State-Condoleezza Rice
Sec. of State Colin Powell
VA Congressman Bobby Scott
Baltimore Mayor -Sheila Dixon
New York Governor David PatersonCongresswoman-
Sheila Jackson Lee
END OF
PRESENTATION
1968 Summer Olympics
Tommie Smith and
John Carlos bring
world-wide attention to
America's Civil Rights
Movement
Fannie Lou Hammer(1917-1977)
Civil Rights & Voting
Rights Activist from
Mississippi.
"I Wish I Knew How It Would Feel to be Free”