Civil War Begins

• Homework: 168-174

Cumberland Gap

Area where Virginia, Kentucky and West Virginia Meet

Cumberland Gap

Lay down, boys, and take a little nap

They’re kicking up a fuss in the Cumberland Gap

Refrain: Cumberland Gap, Cumberland

War• April 12th 1861 South

takes Fort Sumter in South Carolina

• Lincoln’s call for troops – great response in North 4 more Southern States Secede

• Not all slave states secede

• Union plan- blockade, Mississippi natural barrier, Take Richmond

• Confederacy plan defense

• Look for support from Great Britain

Battles• Bull Run- First battle

inexperienced troops on both sides- confederate victory

• General Stonewall Jackson

• Ulysses Grant- successful but the battle of Shiloh near disaster- must build trenches and fortifications

• Robert E. Lee- “I can’t stand against my Virginia”

• Antietam- bloodiest day in US war history 26,000 casualties

Effects of the War

• Even though Mclelan wins he doesn’t push into Richmond and is removed from his command

• Confederates false hope that British will recognize them

• Lincoln Emancipates Slaves as moral and weapon

• Suspension of Writ of Habeas Corpus

• Copperheads were those northerner Democrats in favor of peace with the south

Life During War• Conscription and draft- riots

break out in New York in 1863. Could pay $300 not to have to fight.

• African Americans fight for North Buffalo Soldiers (different rules and pay)

• Fort Pillow- Confederate kill 200 black soldiers who were prisoners of war

• Fast paced technology out paces health care and fighting tactics

• Clara Barton Founded American Red Cross

• Income Tax

Summary Questions1) The bloodiest day in US War history occurred in what battle?2) What was the nickname of Confederate General Jackson for

holding in intense battle conditions?3) What is a writ of habeus corpus?4) Who were the “Copperheads”?5) What foreign nation did the Confederacy look for support from?6) Who were the buffalo soldiers?7) What General led the confederacy?8) Why was McClelan fired?9) Who founded the American Red Cross?10) What did the Union develop in order to be able to tax citizens

during the war?11) Why did the New York riots of 1863 break out?

Contemporary issues and Questions

Does Race still divide the Unites States even though slavery is long over?

A Rainy Day in Camp (1864)- Winslow Homer

Extra Credit Reading

• Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments• Dorothea Dix treatment of Insane• Walt Whitman on American Business• Rules of a highland plantation• Virginia vs. Wilmot Proviso• Daniel Webster supports compromise of 1850• John C. Calhoun demands equal rights for the south• Lincoln calls for volunteers• Fredrick Douglass on Women’s Suffarage• Lincoln Douglas Debate (1)• Lincoln Douglas Debate (2)