Civil WarCivil War

DifferenceDifferencess

& &

CausesCauses

Causes of the Civil WarCauses of the Civil War• Wilmot Proviso

(1846)- a proposed bill that would outlaw slavery from any territories acquired from the Mexican War. Divided Congress along regional lines (North vs. South). Southerners prevented it from passing claiming States Rights.

(Sectionalism)(Sectionalism)

Causes of the Civil WarCauses of the Civil War•Compromise of 1850-Compromise of 1850-

California wanted to California wanted to apply for statehood. apply for statehood. Henry ClayHenry Clay came up came up with compromise to with compromise to keep a balance keep a balance betweenbetween slave & free slave & free statesstates. California . California would enter as a would enter as a freefree statestate & NM, UT, NV & NM, UT, NV would would decide later decide later onon slaveryslavery..

CATEGORY1. Slave Population

2. Capital $ Manufacturing

3. Capital $ Railroads

4. Capital invested in Banks

5. Currency in Circulation

6. Livestock

7. Expenditures of Federal Government

8. U.S. Cotton Crop

DOLLARS

Match the $ with the correct Category

a. a. $ 3,000,000,000$ 3,000,000,000

b. b. $ 1,050,000,000$ 1,050,000,000

c. c. $ $ 1,166,422,729

d. d. $ 421,890,095$ 421,890,095

e.e. $ 442,102,000$ 442,102,000

f. f. $ 1,107,490,216$ 1,107,490,216

g. g. $ 63,131,000$ 63,131,000

h.h. $250,291,000$250,291,000

Causes of the Civil Causes of the Civil WarWar

•Fugitive Slave Law- requires the Northern states to return runaway slaves.slaves.

Causes of the Causes of the Civil WarCivil War• Uncle Tom’s Cabin-

book by Harriet Beecher Stowe, wrote a dramatic account of black’s suffering in the south & helped sway Northern sympathies.– President Lincoln

remarked of Mrs. Stowe, as “the little lady who wrote the book who made this great war.”

• #1 novel of the 1800’s

• 2nd best-selling book of the 1800’s.

• 1st year 300,000 copies of the book were sold in the U.S.

Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854): Southern states refused to allow Nebraska as a new state. To break the deadlock, Congress passed a law allowing settlers to decide by popular sovereignty (popular opinion) if they wanted slavery.– ‘Bleeding Kansas:’ Lots of bloodshed between pro slavery &

abolitionist.

Causes of the Civil WarCauses of the Civil War

+ 200 DEAD+ 200 DEAD

Causes of the Civil WarCauses of the Civil War• Dred Scott Decision (1857):Dred Scott Decision (1857): Dred Scott had Dred Scott had

previously lived in the free previously lived in the free Northern statesNorthern states; he believed ; he believed this made him free. When he was brought back to the this made him free. When he was brought back to the south, he tried to south, he tried to sue his ownersue his owner for his freedomfor his freedom. . Supreme Court ruled that blacks were Supreme Court ruled that blacks were not citizensnot citizens & & couldn’t suecouldn’t sue or bring or bring cases to court.cases to court.

Causes of the Civil Causes of the Civil WarWar

• John Brown’s Raid (1859): Northern Northern abolitionistabolitionist tried to lead a tried to lead a slave revoltslave revolt. Attacked Federal . Attacked Federal arsenal at arsenal at HarpersHarpers FerryFerry in Virginia. Caught by in Virginia. Caught by Federal troops- tried for Federal troops- tried for treasontreason & was hung. & was hung.

• treason• noun 1. the offense of acting to overthrow one's

government or to harm or kill its sovereign. • 2. a violation of allegiance to one's sovereign or to

one's state.

Why does Texas get Involved?

• States’ RightsStates’ Rights

• SlaverySlavery

• SectionalismSectionalism

• TariffsTariffs

Episode 4 ‘Division’

• Cotton

• How was cotton a contributing factor in causing the Civil War?

DifferencesDifferences

How were the How were the

Northern & Southern Northern & Southern

states different in 1860’s?states different in 1860’s?

Economic DifferencesEconomic Differences

• Had lots of factories & businesses.

• Many large cities (Large population).

• Lots of Railroads connecting eastern cities & western farming regions.

• Relied on plantation farming (cotton).

• Invested in slaves rather than factories.

• Without factories, southern economy relied on goods from the North & Europe.

NorthSouth

• Population: 71% • Railroad mileage: 71%• Manufacturing Plants:

85%• Total U.S. Workers:

92%• Resources: More &

Better• Leadership: Abraham

Lincoln• Naval Power: Powerful

Navy• Geography: Offensive

War

• Population: 29%• Railroad Mileage: 29%• Manufacturing Plants:

15%• Total U.S. Workers: 8%• Resources: Not as

good.• Leadership: General

Robert E. Lee• Naval Power: Few War

Ships • Geography: Defensive

War (On their own soil)

NorthSouth

Social DifferencesAbolition movement Abolition movement

began in the North.began in the North.• Many believed Many believed

slavery was slavery was morally wrong.morally wrong.

• Others opposed Others opposed because slavery because slavery was an economic was an economic threat to them.threat to them.

• Many Northerners Many Northerners were still racist.were still racist.

NorthNorth

Social DifferencesSocial Differences

Defended slavery Defended slavery as a necessity.as a necessity.

Claimed they Claimed they helped slaves by helped slaves by introducing them introducing them to Christianity, to Christianity, providing them providing them with food, with food, clothing, & shelter.clothing, & shelter.

SouthSouth

The EndThe End