Civil War People & BattlesSS5H1

Civil War People & Battles• Abraham Lincoln was elected president in 1860. He was a

northern politician who opposed slavery.

• The South seceded (broke away) from the United States to form the Confederate States of America once Abraham Lincoln was elected president.

• The Northern states opposed slavery while the Southern states supported it.

Civil War People & Battles• The Confederates:

• The Confederates were soldiers from the South.

• The Confederate states consisted of South Carolina, Mississippi, Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Texas, Virginia, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina.

• When the Confederate states seceded from the Union, they elected Jefferson Davis as their president.

• The Confederate economy (how they make money) was agriculture-based, and they depended on slavery.

• Much of the Civil War was fought on Southern land.

Civil War People & Battles• The Union:

• The Union were soldiers and land from the North.

• The Union states consisted of Maine, Vermont, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, Rhode Island, New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Ohio, West Virginia (broke away in 1863 from Virginia), Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota, Iowa, Kansas

• President Abraham Lincoln refused to acknowledge the South’s secession, and said it was illegal.

• The Union economy (how they make money) had highways, roads, and railroads that helped with the jobs. They also had twice as many people.

• The Union had factories and other various jobs. It was industrialized.

Civil War People & Battles• The People

• Abraham Lincoln was president of the United States during the Civil War. He was elected in 1860.

• Robert E. Lee was the commander of the Confederate Army. He did not support slavery, but wanted to stay loyal to his home state of Virginia.

• Ulysses S. Grant was the commander of the Union Army. He was a skilled master of military strategy.

• Jefferson Davis was president of the Confederate States of America, the southern states who seceded from the Union.

• Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson was a Confederate general was one of Robert E. Lee’s fiercest leaders. He died by an accidental wound from one of his own men.

Civil War People & Battles• Major Battles:

• The first battle of the Civil War was the Battle at Fort Sumter.

• Fort Sumter is located in South Carolina.

• The first shot took place on April 12, 1861.

• The Union troops surrendered and lost the battle because they were low on ammunition and food.

• There was nobody killed during battle; however, one person was killed in a 50 gun-salute to the flag.

Civil War People & Battles• Major Battles:

• The bloodiest battle of the Civil War was the Battle at Gettysburg.

• The battle lasted from July 1 to July 3, 1863.

• The battle took place in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania.

• The Union overpowered the confederates and won the battle.

• Afterwards, President Lincoln made a speech at a ceremony dedicating the site as a cemetery.

• The Gettysburg Address only lasted three minutes, but it is regarded as one of the most inspiring speeches in America.

Civil War People & Battles• Major Battles:

• The Atlanta Campaign took place in 1864.

• General William Sherman took the Union Army from Tennessee to Atlanta, burning property and killing Confederate troops along the way. Once in Atlanta, Sherman burned Atlanta to the ground.

• In November 1864, Sherman’s troops left Atlanta and split into two different groups towards the Atlantic coast and Savannah.

• This was called Sherman’s March to the Sea.

• Sherman’s goal was to crush the spirit of the Confederate Army.

• Sherman gave the city of Savannah to Abraham Lincoln as a Christmas gift.

Civil War People & Battles• Major Battles:

• In April 1865, Robert E. Lee made the decision to surrender to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House in Virginia.

• Instead of celebrating, the soldiers on both side went home quietly. War was over.

Casualties of American Wars

1. World War II 407,316

2. World War I 116,708

3. Vietnamese Conflict 58,168

4. Korean Conflict 54,246

5. American Revolution 4,435

6. Spanish-American War 2,456

7. War of 1812 2,260

8. Mexican War 1,733

9. Indian Wars 1,000

10. Gulf War 293

TOTAL 648,615

How do the casualties of the Civil War compareto the casualties of other American wars?

Civil War Casualties

Union 360,000 Confederate 260,000

TOTAL 620,000

There were nearly as many casualties in the Civil War as in all of America's other wars combined.